The neurolinguistic toolbox Jonathan R. Brennan. Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 1
|
|
- Norma Atkins
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The neurolinguistic toolbox Jonathan R. Brennan Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 1
2 Psycholinguistics / Neurolinguistics Happy Hour!!! Tuesdays 7/11, 7/18, 7/25 5:30-6:30 the Boone Center Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 2
3 ! Agenda»! Imaging brain structure» Four ways to study brain function in humans 1. Correlating structural damage with language deficits 2. Mapping function in space via blood flow 3. Tracking function in time with electromagnetic dynamics 4. Brain stimulation» Pros and cons Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 3
4 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) records brain structure in three dimensions Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 4
5 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 5
6 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 6
7 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 7
8 Dronkers et al Brain 8
9 MRI Summary» Noninvasive 3D measurement of anatomical structure» Relies on different concentrations of water in different tissues» Some key terms used in papers» Resolution of the images (1x1x1mm voxels)» Strength of magnet ( 1.5 Tesla )» Sequence of magnetic pulses ( a fast spin echo series )» Kinds of relaxation signals measured by a sequence ( T1 weighted ) Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 9
10 Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) uses MRI to map the diffusion of water and estimate how brain regions are connected Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
11 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
12 ! Agenda» Imaging brain structure» Four ways to study brain function in humans 1.! Correlating structural damage with language deficits 2. Mapping function in space via blood flow 3. Tracking function in time with electromagnetic dynamics 4. Brain stimulation» Pros and cons Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
13 ! Correlating Lesions with Deficits is proven but severely limited Imaging brain Structure and Connections can be done with various kinds of MRI Imaging brain function can be done via blood flow (PET, fmri) which is slow but focused or via electrical activity (EEG, MEG) which is fast but blurred Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
14 The deficit/lesion method relies on clinical evaluation to determine language impairment, and connects syndromes with location of brain damage. Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
15 Examples Broca s Aphasia: Speech production impaired. Associated with damage to inferior frontal gyrus Wernicke's Aphasia: Speech comprehension and semantic deficits. Associated with damage to posterior temporal lobe Anomia: Word-finding difficulty, association with various patterns of damage Conduction aphasia: Intact comprehension and fluent speech peppered by errors; difficulty repeating phrases. Associated with damage to the connecting tissue between posterior temporal and inferior frontal lobes ("arcuate fasciculus") Alexia: Impaired letter/word recognition with normal vision and spoken language. Associated with damage to the left inferior occipital lobe Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
16 Challenges for deficit/lesion mapping! Can be used to reason about causality!! Research driven by available patient populations» Lesion identification in single subjects» Extent of damage» Not all damage equally visible in MRI» Generalizing across groups?» Symptom-based grouping... no two sets of symptoms alike» Lesion-based grouping... no two lesions alike» Plasticity and compensatory mechanisms illunderstood Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
17 Lesion overlap identifies damage common across individuals with similar syndromes Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
18 Voxel-based lesion symptom mapping (VLSM) Bates et al., 2003 Nat Neurosci 18
19 ! Agenda» Imaging brain structure» Four ways to study brain function in humans 1. Correlating structural damage with language deficits 2.! Mapping function in space via blood flow 3. Tracking function in time with electromagnetic dynamics 4. Brain stimulation» Pros and cons Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
20 The brain is bloody and electric Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
21 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
22 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
23 In the 1890s, Angelo Mosso reasons that thinking increases blood flow to the brain Click for more details 23
24 Functional MRI (fmri) tracks changes in blood oxygenation to indirectly measure the location of brain activity Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
25 Blood-oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
26 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
27 The hemodynamic response function (HRF) describes the BOLD signal's dynamics Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
28 28
29 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
30 Measure functional connectivity by correlating time-courses across different regions Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
31 Check out MRI and fmri data yourself! Lots of free tools out there, like Mango! Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
32 fmri Summary» Absolutely dominates cognitive neuroscience» Measures changes in blood oxygenation as a proxy for neuronal function» High spatial resolution! 1-2 mm» Low temporal resolution» Hemodynamic response is sluggish, 6-8 sec» Also, whole-brain images take ~2 sec to collect (the "repetition time", or TR)» Another con: fmri is loud!!! Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
33 ! Agenda» Imaging brain structure» Four ways to study brain function in humans 1. Correlating structural damage with language deficits 2. Mapping function in space via blood flow 3.! Tracking function in time with electromagnetic dynamics 4. Brain stimulation» Pros and cons Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
34 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
35 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
36 Electroencephalography (EEG) measures electrical potentials in real time that are generated by thousands of synchronized neurons with electrodes placed on the scalp Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
37 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
38 Average EEG signals around some stimulus event to create the Event-related potential (ERP) Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
39 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
40 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
41 41
42 Electrocortiography (ECoG) involves placing electrodes directly on (or into) the brain»! Invasive -- typically part of of neurosurgery preparation, e.g. to treat severe epilepsy»! Spatial coverage limited and constrained by medical demands» " Record field potentials from dendrites of neural within immediate vicinity (< 1 mm)» " High spatial and temporal resolution» " Sensitive to fainter high-frequency (>80 Hz) signals Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
43 Magnetoencephalography (MEG) measures magnetic fields generated by electrical currents from thousands of neurons and can locate these neural sources with good spatial resolution Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
44 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
45 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
46 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
47 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
48 MEG sensor results (left) can be converted to source estimates (right) Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
49 Electromagnetic brain dynamics summary» EEG measures voltages at the scalp with! high temporal resolution but " low spatial resolution» ECoG measures voltages directly on the cortex with! high spatial and temporal resolution but is very " invasive and only approprite with certain populations» MEG meausures magnetic fields at the scalp with! high temporal resolution and can be used to reconstruct source locations with good spatial resolution» Look out for these sorts of terms in your readings:» What were the epochs of data? ( -.1 to 1 s from stimulus onset )» How were signals filtered? ( 1-40 Hz band-pass filter )» How were artifacts rejected? ( Removed blinks artifacts with visual inspection )» What algorith was used to estimate the current source ( an equivalent current dipole or a minimum norm distributed source model ) Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
50 Electromagnetic stimulation can be used to test causal links between regional brain activation and cognition» Direct Cortical Stimulation (DCS) invasive ; indicated before certain medical procedures» Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS): Non-invasive cortical stimulation.» Strong magnetic field induces current which stimulates action potential along axons» Single pulse evokes inhibitory response: Virtual Lesion» < 5 ms repetition is excitatory» Some deficit/lesion limitations apply, e.g. behavioral consequences may be due to cascade from targeted region Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
51 ! Agenda» Imaging brain structure» Four ways to study brain function in humans 1. Correlating structural damage with language deficits 2. Mapping function in space via blood flow 3. Tracking function in time with electromagnetic dynamics 4. Brain stimulation»! Pros and cons Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
52 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
53 Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
54 Cheat-sheet» Structural MRI images different tissue types in 3D with high resolution. The DTI variant measures white-matter connectivity.» fmri images changes in metabolic activity, measuring activation with! high precision in space, but " low precision in time» EEG records changes in electrical activity at the scalp, measuring activation with " low precision in space, but! high precision in time» ECoG invasively records electrical activity at the cortex with! high spatial and temporal resolution in " special populations» MEG records changes in magnetic activity at the scalp, measuring activation with! high precision in time, and " moderate precision in space» TMS Inhibits or excites action potentials with high spatial and temporal resolution to test! causal hypotheses Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA
3/1/18. Overview of the Talk. Important Aspects of Neuroimaging Technology
3/1/18 Considerations for the Use of Neuroimaging for Predicting Recovery of Speech and Language in Aphasia Linda I. Shuster, Ph.D., CCC-SLP Overview of the Talk Important aspects of neuroimaging technology
More informationBrain and Cognition. Cognitive Neuroscience. If the brain were simple enough to understand, we would be too stupid to understand it
Brain and Cognition Cognitive Neuroscience If the brain were simple enough to understand, we would be too stupid to understand it 1 The Chemical Synapse 2 Chemical Neurotransmission At rest, the synapse
More informationDefine functional MRI. Briefly describe fmri image acquisition. Discuss relative functional neuroanatomy. Review clinical applications.
Dr. Peter J. Fiester November 14, 2012 Define functional MRI. Briefly describe fmri image acquisition. Discuss relative functional neuroanatomy. Review clinical applications. Briefly discuss a few examples
More informationThe Central Nervous System
The Central Nervous System Cellular Basis. Neural Communication. Major Structures. Principles & Methods. Principles of Neural Organization Big Question #1: Representation. How is the external world coded
More informationThe Cognitive Neuroscientist s Toolkit
The Cognitive Neuroscientist s Toolkit Jesse Rissman CS 182 Guest Lecture, 2/1/07 QuickTimeª and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. LESION PET fmri EEG/MEG TMS A little
More informationCompeting Streams at the Cocktail Party
Competing Streams at the Cocktail Party A Neural and Behavioral Study of Auditory Attention Jonathan Z. Simon Neuroscience and Cognitive Sciences / Biology / Electrical & Computer Engineering University
More informationIntroduction to Brain Imaging
Introduction to Brain Imaging Human Brain Imaging NEUR 570 & BIC lecture series September 9, 2013 Petra Schweinhardt, MD PhD Montreal Neurological Institute McGill University Montreal, Canada Various techniques
More informationAnnouncements. Exam 1. VII. Imaging techniques of the brain. Anatomical/Structural Scans. Structural Scans: CT. Structural Scans: CT 2/17/2014
Exam 1 None at the moment! Announcements Mean 78.0% Median 80% Mode 86% Min 26% Max 98% Std Dev 12.6% VII. Imaging techniques of the brain A. CT: anatomical B. MRI: anatomical C. fmri: functional D. SPECT
More informationExam 1. Mean 78.0% Median 80% Mode 86% Min 26% Max 98% Std Dev 12.6%
Exam 1 Mean 78.0% Median 80% Mode 86% Min 26% Max 98% Std Dev 12.6% None at the moment! Announcements VII. Imaging techniques of the brain A. CT: anatomical B. MRI: anatomical C. fmri: functional D. SPECT
More informationEavesdropping on the Mind. COGS 17 - Winter 2019 Andrew Shibata
Eavesdropping on the Mind COGS 17 - Winter 2019 Andrew Shibata Announcements - Midterm I is next Tuesday! - Exam is worth 25% of your grade - Homework 1 is due at the exam (worth 2.5% of grade) - Review
More informationEst-ce que l'eeg a toujours sa place en 2019?
Est-ce que l'eeg a toujours sa place en 2019? Thomas Bast Epilepsy Center Kork, Germany Does EEG still play a role in 2019? What a question 7T-MRI, fmri, DTI, MEG, SISCOM, Of ieeg course! /HFO, Genetics
More informationComputational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN)
introduction people!s background? motivation for taking this course? Computational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN) Peggy Seriès, Institute for Adaptive and Neural Computation, University of Edinburgh, UK
More informationPhysiological and Physical Basis of Functional Brain Imaging 6. EEG/MEG. Kâmil Uludağ, 20. November 2007
Physiological and Physical Basis of Functional Brain Imaging 6. EEG/MEG Kâmil Uludağ, 20. November 2007 Course schedule 1. Overview 2. fmri (Spin dynamics, Image formation) 3. fmri (physiology) 4. fmri
More informationThe Tools: Imaging the Living Brain
The Tools: Imaging the Living Brain I believe the study of neuroimaging has supported the localization of mental operations within the human brain. -Michael I. Posner, 2003 Neuroimaging methods Since Descarte
More informationCognitive domain: Knowledge Answer location: Introduction: Knowledge from Cognitive Deficits Question type: MS Ans: C
1 McBride and Cutting, Cognitive Psychology: Theory, Process, and Methodology Instructor Resources Chapter 2: Cognitive Neuroscience Multiple Choice 1. Neuroscientists have learned a great deal about which
More informationOutline. Biological Psychology: Research Methods. Dr. Katherine Mickley Steinmetz
Biological Psychology: Research Methods Dr. Katherine Mickley Steinmetz Outline Neuroscience Methods Histology Electrophysiological Recordings Lesion Neuroimaging Neuroanatomy Histology: Brain structure
More informationNeuroimaging. BIE601 Advanced Biological Engineering Dr. Boonserm Kaewkamnerdpong Biological Engineering Program, KMUTT. Human Brain Mapping
11/8/2013 Neuroimaging N i i BIE601 Advanced Biological Engineering Dr. Boonserm Kaewkamnerdpong Biological Engineering Program, KMUTT 2 Human Brain Mapping H Human m n brain br in m mapping ppin can nb
More informationCOGNITIVE SCIENCE 17. Peeking Inside The Head. Part 1. Jaime A. Pineda, Ph.D.
COGNITIVE SCIENCE 17 Peeking Inside The Head Part 1 Jaime A. Pineda, Ph.D. Imaging The Living Brain! Computed Tomography (CT)! Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)! Positron Emission Tomography (PET)! Functional
More informationNeural Correlates of Human Cognitive Function:
Neural Correlates of Human Cognitive Function: A Comparison of Electrophysiological and Other Neuroimaging Approaches Leun J. Otten Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience & Department of Psychology University
More informationBeyond fmri. Joe Kable Summer Workshop on Decision Neuroscience August 21, 2009
Beyond fmri Joe Kable Summer Workshop on Decision Neuroscience August 21, 2009 What are the strengths of fmri?! Noninvasive, safe! Can be done in humans! Verified correlate of neural activity! Great spatio-temporal
More informationAnnouncements. Final Exam will be a take-home exam. Format similar to the short assignment (no multiple choice, etc.)
Announcements Final Exam will be a take-home exam Format similar to the short assignment (no multiple choice, etc.) Will be handed out at end of last class period (Thursday June 5 th ) Due by 6 pm June
More informationMethods for assessing the brain basis of developmental disorders
Announcements LIGN171: Child Language Acquisition http://ling.ucsd.edu/courses/lign171 Final Exam will be a take-home exam Format similar to the short assignment (no multiple choice, etc.) Will be handed
More informationThe Sonification of Human EEG and other Biomedical Data. Part 3
The Sonification of Human EEG and other Biomedical Data Part 3 The Human EEG A data source for the sonification of cerebral dynamics The Human EEG - Outline Electric brain signals Continuous recording
More informationPsy /16 Human Communication. By Joseline
Psy-302 11/16 Human Communication By Joseline Lateralization Left Hemisphere dominance in speech production in 95% of right handed and 70% of left handed people Left -> Timing, Sequence of events Right
More informationPsychoBrain. 31 st January Dr Christos Pliatsikas. Lecturer in Psycholinguistics in Bi-/Multilinguals University of Reading
PsychoBrain 31 st January 2018 Dr Christos Pliatsikas Lecturer in Psycholinguistics in Bi-/Multilinguals University of Reading By the end of today s lecture you will understand Structure and function of
More informationTable 1. Summary of PET and fmri Methods. What is imaged PET fmri BOLD (T2*) Regional brain activation. Blood flow ( 15 O) Arterial spin tagging (AST)
Table 1 Summary of PET and fmri Methods What is imaged PET fmri Brain structure Regional brain activation Anatomical connectivity Receptor binding and regional chemical distribution Blood flow ( 15 O)
More informationAdvances in Clinical Neuroimaging
Advances in Clinical Neuroimaging Joseph I. Tracy 1, PhD, ABPP/CN; Gaelle Doucet 2, PhD; Xaiosong He 2, PhD; Dorian Pustina 2, PhD; Karol Osipowicz 2, PhD 1 Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University,
More informationMethods for Seeing the Brain (http://www.pbs.org/wnet/brain/scanning/)
Mind-Brain There are 2 broad approaches to connecting brain and cognitive activity: 1. (modern) Imaging techniques 2. (classic) Patients with brain trauma H. Jackson, A.R. Luria, O. Sacks Methods for Seeing
More informationNeurophysiology & EEG
Neurophysiology & EEG PG4 Core Curriculum Ian A. Cook, M.D. Associate Director, Laboratory of Brain, Behavior, & Pharmacology UCLA Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences Semel Institute for
More informationChapter 5 The Research Methods of Biopsychology
Chapter 5 The Research Methods of Biopsychology Understanding What Biopsychologists Do This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any
More informationProf. Greg Francis 1/2/19
Brain scans PSY 200 Greg Francis Lecture 03 How to study the brain without killing someone. Scanning Technology provides insight into brain processes w EEG recordings w MRI w Non-invasive Maps of brain
More informationVisual Streams. A"en%on
al Pathways Visual Streams A"en%on Dorsal Stream: Vision beyond iden4fica4on Ventral Stream: Iden4fica4on Hierarchical Organiza4on Columnar architecture in other visual areas Fujita, Tanaka, Ito, Cheng,
More informationBrain and Nervous System Gleitman et al. (2011), Chapter 3, Part 2
Brain and Nervous System Gleitman et al. (2011), Chapter 3, Part 2 Mike D Zmura Department of Cognitive Sciences, UCI Psych 9A / Psy Beh 11A January 23, 2014 T. M. D'Zmura 1 Studying the Nervous System
More informationHST 583 fmri DATA ANALYSIS AND ACQUISITION
HST 583 fmri DATA ANALYSIS AND ACQUISITION Neural Signal Processing for Functional Neuroimaging Neuroscience Statistics Research Laboratory Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School/MIT Division
More informationAn Overview of BMIs. Luca Rossini. Workshop on Brain Machine Interfaces for Space Applications
An Overview of BMIs Luca Rossini Workshop on Brain Machine Interfaces for Space Applications European Space Research and Technology Centre, European Space Agency Noordvijk, 30 th November 2009 Definition
More informationEvent Related Potentials: Significant Lobe Areas and Wave Forms for Picture Visual Stimulus
Available Online at www.ijcsmc.com International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing A Monthly Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology ISSN 2320 088X IMPACT FACTOR: 6.017 IJCSMC,
More informationMSc Neuroimaging for Clinical & Cognitive Neuroscience
MSc Neuroimaging for Clinical & Cognitive Neuroscience School of Psychological Sciences Faculty of Medical & Human Sciences Module Information *Please note that this is a sample guide to modules. The exact
More informationPsych 56L/ Ling 51: Acquisition of Language
Psych 56L/ Ling 51: Acquisition of Language Lecture 4 Biological Bases of Language II Announcements Be working on HW1 (due 1/26/12) Be working on bio bases review questions Check out the reference material
More informationCOGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
HOW TO STUDY MORE EFFECTIVELY (P 187-189) Elaborate Think about the meaning of the information that you are learning Relate to what you already know Associate: link information together Generate and test
More informationMyers Psychology for AP*
Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010 *AP is a trademark registered and/or owned by the College Board, which
More informationRecovery mechanisms from aphasia
Recovery mechanisms from aphasia Dr. Michal Ben-Shachar 977 Acquired language and reading impairments 1 Research questions Which brain systems can support recovery from aphasia? Which compensatory route
More informationP2 Visual - Perception
P2 Visual - Perception 2014 SOSE Neuroimaging of high-level visual functions gyula.kovacs@uni-jena.de 11/09/06 Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) The very basics What is fmri? What is MRI? The
More informationFunctional MRI Mapping Cognition
Outline Functional MRI Mapping Cognition Michael A. Yassa, B.A. Division of Psychiatric Neuro-imaging Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Why fmri? fmri - How it works Research
More informationSeamless pre-surgical fmri and DTI mapping
Seamless pre-surgical fmri and DTI mapping Newest release Achieva 3.0T X-series and Eloquence enable efficient, real-time fmri for brain activity mapping in clinical practice at Nebraska Medical Center
More informationBrain Computer Interface. Mina Mikhail
Brain Computer Interface Mina Mikhail minamohebn@gmail.com Introduction Ways for controlling computers Keyboard Mouse Voice Gestures Ways for communicating with people Talking Writing Gestures Problem
More informationDATA MANAGEMENT & TYPES OF ANALYSES OFTEN USED. Dennis L. Molfese University of Nebraska - Lincoln
DATA MANAGEMENT & TYPES OF ANALYSES OFTEN USED Dennis L. Molfese University of Nebraska - Lincoln 1 DATA MANAGEMENT Backups Storage Identification Analyses 2 Data Analysis Pre-processing Statistical Analysis
More informationfmri (functional MRI)
Lesion fmri (functional MRI) Electroencephalogram (EEG) Brainstem CT (computed tomography) Scan Medulla PET (positron emission tomography) Scan Reticular Formation MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) Thalamus
More informationIntroduction to Computational Neuroscience
Introduction to Computational Neuroscience Lecture 10: Brain-Computer Interfaces Ilya Kuzovkin So Far Stimulus So Far So Far Stimulus What are the neuroimaging techniques you know about? Stimulus So Far
More informationNeuroimaging methods vs. lesion studies FOCUSING ON LANGUAGE
Neuroimaging methods vs. lesion studies FOCUSING ON LANGUAGE Pioneers in lesion studies Their postmortem examination provided the basis for the linkage of the left hemisphere with language C. Wernicke
More informationThis presentation is the intellectual property of the author. Contact them for permission to reprint and/or distribute.
Modified Combinatorial Nomenclature Montage, Review, and Analysis of High Density EEG Terrence D. Lagerlund, M.D., Ph.D. CP1208045-16 Disclosure Relevant financial relationships None Off-label/investigational
More informationComputational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN)
How are we ever going to understand this? Computational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN) Peggy Seriès, Institute for Adaptive and Neural Computation, University of Edinburgh, UK Spring Term 2013 Practical
More informationbiological psychology, p. 40 The study of the nervous system, especially the brain. neuroscience, p. 40
biological psychology, p. 40 The specialized branch of psychology that studies the relationship between behavior and bodily processes and system; also called biopsychology or psychobiology. neuroscience,
More informationDiffusion Tensor Imaging 12/06/2013
12/06/2013 Beate Diehl, MD PhD FRCP University College London National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery Queen Square London, UK American Epilepsy Society Annual Meeting Disclosure None Learning
More informationPSYC& 100: Biological Psychology (Lilienfeld Chap 3) 1
PSYC& 100: Biological Psychology (Lilienfeld Chap 3) 1 1 What is a neuron? 2 Name and describe the functions of the three main parts of the neuron. 3 What do glial cells do? 4 Describe the three basic
More informationElectrophysiologic approaches to delirium. Overview
Electrophysiologic approaches to delirium Alvaro Pascual Leone, MD, PhD Mouhsin Shafi, MD, PhD Overview Overview of the problem and techniques Electrophysiological studies in delirium Electrophysiological
More informationThe Nervous System. Neuron 01/12/2011. The Synapse: The Processor
The Nervous System Neuron Nucleus Cell body Dendrites they are part of the cell body of a neuron that collect chemical and electrical signals from other neurons at synapses and convert them into electrical
More informationStudying structure-function relationships in the human brain. Lesley Fellows
Studying structure-function relationships in the human brain Lesley Fellows lesley.fellows@mcgill.ca Studying structure-function relationships in the human brain Historical background Experimental design
More informationOver-representation of speech in older adults originates from early response in higher order auditory cortex
Over-representation of speech in older adults originates from early response in higher order auditory cortex Christian Brodbeck, Alessandro Presacco, Samira Anderson & Jonathan Z. Simon Overview 2 Puzzle
More informationDiagnosing Complicated Epilepsy: Mapping of the Epileptic Circuitry. Michael R. Sperling, M.D. Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, PA
Diagnosing Complicated Epilepsy: Mapping of the Epileptic Circuitry Michael R. Sperling, M.D. Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, PA Overview Definition of epileptic circuitry Methods of mapping
More informationNeural Modeling and Functional Brain Imaging: An Overview. Barry Horwitz Brain Imaging & Modeling Section NIDCD, NIH
Neural Modeling and Functional Brain Imaging: An Overview Barry Horwitz Brain Imaging & Modeling Section NIDCD, NIH Methods to Understand Neural Basis of Human Cognition 1. Brain lesions & cognitive neuropsychology
More informationIntrinsic Signal Optical Imaging
Intrinsic Signal Optical Imaging Introduction Intrinsic signal optical imaging (ISOI) is a technique used to map dynamics in single cells, brain slices and even and most importantly entire mammalian brains.
More informationASSUMPTION OF COGNITIVE UNIFORMITY
The Human Brain cerebral hemispheres: two most important divisions of the brain, separated by the longitudinal fissure corpus callosum: a large bundle of axons that constitutes the major connection between
More informationCognitive Neuroscience. The Brain Story by Vaia Lestou
Cognitive Neuroscience The Brain Story by Vaia Lestou A brief History of Cognitive Neuroscience Ancient humans although they wondered extensively about the nature of human feelings, memories, attention,
More informationLESSON 1.3 WORKBOOK. How can we study the behaving brain?
LESSON 1.3 WORKBOOK How can we study the behaving brain? We are in the middle of a technological revolution when it comes to how closely we can look at the behaving brain. Scientists and doctors now have
More informationNeural Networks: Tracing Cellular Pathways. Lauren Berryman Sunfest 2000
Neural Networks: Tracing Cellular Pathways Lauren Berryman Sunfest 000 Neural Networks: Tracing Cellular Pathways Research Objective Background Methodology and Experimental Approach Results and Conclusions
More informationfmri: What Does It Measure?
fmri: What Does It Measure? Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/02/2018: Lecture 02-1 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote to help me create
More informationBrain anatomy tutorial. Dr. Michal Ben-Shachar 459 Neurolinguistics
Brain anatomy tutorial Dr. Michal Ben-Shachar 459 Neurolinguistics The human brain Left hemisphere Right hemisphere http://www.brainmuseum.org/ Zoom out Zoom in Types of Brain Tissue Gray Matter: Cell
More informationComputational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN)
How are we ever going to understand this? Computational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN) Peggy Seriès, Institute for Adaptive and Neural Computation, University of Edinburgh, UK Spring Term 2010 Practical
More informationIntroduction to Electrophysiology
Introduction to Electrophysiology Dr. Kwangyeol Baek Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School 2018-05-31s Contents Principles in Electrophysiology Techniques
More informationCerebral Cortex 1. Sarah Heilbronner
Cerebral Cortex 1 Sarah Heilbronner heilb028@umn.edu Want to meet? Coffee hour 10-11am Tuesday 11/27 Surdyk s Overview and organization of the cerebral cortex What is the cerebral cortex? Where is each
More informationBiomedical Research 2013; 24 (3): ISSN X
Biomedical Research 2013; 24 (3): 359-364 ISSN 0970-938X http://www.biomedres.info Investigating relative strengths and positions of electrical activity in the left and right hemispheres of the human brain
More informationEffects of aging on temporal synchronization of speech in noise investigated in the cortex by using MEG and in the midbrain by using EEG techniques
Hearing Brain Lab Computational Sensorimotor Systems Lab Effects of aging on temporal synchronization of speech in noise investigated in the cortex by using MEG and in the midbrain by using EEG techniques
More information9/30/2016. Advances in Epilepsy Surgery. Epidemiology. Epidemiology
Advances in Epilepsy Surgery George Jallo, M.D. Director, Institute for Brain Protection Sciences Johns Hopkins All Children s Hospital St Petersburg, Florida Epidemiology WHO lists it as the second most
More informationStuttering Research. Vincent Gracco, PhD Haskins Laboratories
Stuttering Research Vincent Gracco, PhD Haskins Laboratories Stuttering Developmental disorder occurs in 5% of children Spontaneous remission in approximately 70% of cases Approximately 1% of adults with
More informationEEG in the ICU: Part I
EEG in the ICU: Part I Teneille E. Gofton July 2012 Objectives To outline the importance of EEG monitoring in the ICU To briefly review the neurophysiological basis of EEG To introduce formal EEG and subhairline
More informationPHYSICS OF MRI ACQUISITION. Alternatives to BOLD for fmri
PHYSICS OF MRI ACQUISITION Quick Review for fmri HST-583, Fall 2002 HST.583: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Data Acquisition and Analysis Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology
More informationToward a more accurate delimitation of the epileptic focus from a surgical perspective
Toward a more accurate delimitation of the epileptic focus from a surgical perspective Margitta Seeck Department of Clinical Neurosciences EEG & Epilepsy Unit University Hospital of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland
More informationCognitive Neuroscience Cortical Hemispheres Attention Language
Cognitive Neuroscience Cortical Hemispheres Attention Language Based on: Chapter 18 and 19, Breedlove, Watson, Rosenzweig, 6e/7e. Cerebral Cortex Brain s most complex area with billions of neurons and
More informationPhysiology Unit 2 CONSCIOUSNESS, THE BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
Physiology Unit 2 CONSCIOUSNESS, THE BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR What the Brain Does The nervous system determines states of consciousness and produces complex behaviors Any given neuron may have as many as 200,000
More informationCombining tdcs and fmri. OHMB Teaching Course, Hamburg June 8, Andrea Antal
Andrea Antal Department of Clinical Neurophysiology Georg-August University Goettingen Combining tdcs and fmri OHMB Teaching Course, Hamburg June 8, 2014 Classical Biomarkers for measuring human neuroplasticity
More information(Electric) Source Analysis Kanjana Unnwongse, MD
(Electric) Source Analysis Kanjana Unnwongse, MD Ruhr Epileptologie, Universtitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum 1 What is source analysis? Source analysis or electric and magnetic source imaging
More informationKevin S. LaBar, Ph.D. Associate Professor. Duke University.
Neuroanatomy, Methods, and Current Controversies Kevin S. LaBar, Ph.D. Associate Professor Center for Cognitive Ne euroscience Duke University klabar@duke.edu Overview Brief tour of brain anatomy Cognitive
More informationOscillations: From Neuron to MEG
Oscillations: From Neuron to MEG Educational Symposium, MEG UK 2014, Nottingham, Jan 8th 2014 Krish Singh CUBRIC, School of Psychology Cardiff University What are we trying to achieve? Bridge the gap from
More informationAdvAnced TMS. Research with PowerMAG Products and Application Booklet
AdvAnced TMS Research with PowerMAG Products and Application Booklet Table of ConTenTs Introduction p. 04 Legend p. 06 Applications» navigated TMS p. 08» clinical Research p. 10» Multi-Modal TMS p. 12»
More informationPsychophysiological Methods in Neuroscience
Psychophysiological Methods in Neuroscience by Zachary Infantolino and Gregory A. Miller is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license. 2014, Diener
More informationProf. Greg Francis 7/31/15
s PSY 200 Greg Francis Lecture 06 How do you recognize your grandmother? Action potential With enough excitatory input, a cell produces an action potential that sends a signal down its axon to other cells
More informationNeurophilosophical Foundations 3
Neurophilosophical Foundations 3 The Artifact Problem: The Epistemic Challenge Techniques to procure evidence alter the phenomenon about which scientists are trying to get evidence Are the resulting observations
More informationSincerely, Ms. Paoloni and Mrs. Whitney
Dear Students, Welcome to AP Psychology! We will begin our course of study focusing on the nervous system with a particular emphasis on how the brain and neurotransmitters influence our behaviors. In preparation
More informationNeuroimaging biomarkers and predictors of motor recovery: implications for PTs
Neuroimaging biomarkers and predictors of motor recovery: implications for PTs 2018 Combined Sections Meeting of the American Physical Therapy Association New Orleans, LA February 21-24, 2018 Presenters:
More informationWord Length Processing via Region-to-Region Connectivity
Word Length Processing via Region-to-Region Connectivity Mariya Toneva Machine Learning Department, Neural Computation Carnegie Mellon University Data Analysis Project DAP committee: Tom Mitchell, Robert
More informationBOLD signal dependence on blood flow and metabolism. Outline
BOLD signal dependence on blood flow and metabolism R. Hoge, MGH NMR Center Outline physiological events accompanying neuronal activation factors affecting BOLD signal sensitivity BOLD response dynamics
More informationAcute Management of Seizures
Acute Management of Seizures KURT HECOX M.D. PH.D. CHIEF OF PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY BAUMAN ENDOWED CHAIR IN PEDIATRIC EPILEPSY Outline Management Principles Categorizing the event Key elements to the history
More informationTest Bank. Multiple Choice
Chapter 2: The Brain: An Overview of Structure and Function Test Bank Multiple Choice 1. Evolutionary structures within the are the most primitive. a. hindbrain b. thalamus c. forebrain d. midbrain Answer
More informationMental Chronometry encoding comparison decision making response selection
Part 2: Methods of Cognitive Neuroscience Psy393: Cognitive Neuroscience Prof. Anderson Department of Psychology Week 3 Cognitive Psychology Lesion method: Cognitive Neuropsychology Brain recording Single
More informationNuclear imaging of the human brain
Nuclear imaging of the human brain Steven Laureys Coma Science Group Cyclotron Research Centre & Neurology Dept. University of Liège, Belgium Neuroimaging structure function Neuroimaging: Modalities Structural
More informationNeuroimaging and Assessment Methods
Psych 2200, Lecture 5 Experimental Design and Brain Imaging Methods Tues Sept 15, 2015 Revised TA office hours (Sam), today 4-5p, and wed 11:30-1:30. I will not have office hours this thurs but you should
More informationThe Organism as a Machine. The Brain. Chapter 3: The Brain and the Nervous System
Chapter 3: The Brain and the Nervous System 1 The Brain 1. How are biological influences actualized? What bodily mechanisms produce our behavior? 2. The simple answer is that our brain and our nervous
More informationTitle:Atypical language organization in temporal lobe epilepsy revealed by a passive semantic paradigm
Author's response to reviews Title:Atypical language organization in temporal lobe epilepsy revealed by a passive semantic paradigm Authors: Julia Miro (juliamirollado@gmail.com) Pablo Ripollès (pablo.ripolles.vidal@gmail.com)
More informationCS/NEUR125 Brains, Minds, and Machines. Due: Friday, April 14
CS/NEUR125 Brains, Minds, and Machines Assignment 5: Neural mechanisms of object-based attention Due: Friday, April 14 This Assignment is a guided reading of the 2014 paper, Neural Mechanisms of Object-Based
More information