Hompes Method Prac00oner Training Level II Lesson Sixty NT Breakdown & Organic Acids

Transcription

1 Hompes Method Prac00oner Training Level II Lesson Sixty NT Breakdown & Organic Acids Health for the People Ltd not for reuse without expressed permission Hompes Method is a trading name of Health For The People L< Registered in England & Wales Company # VAT #

2 NT reuptake & breakdown Neurotransmi4ers do their work between synapses. Their levels are regulated by produc<on, reuptake and degrada<on Their effects can also be modulated by receptor density on the post-synap<c membrane

3 Dopamine, Noradrenaline, Adrenaline Observe the nutrient cofactors involved Observe the OAT markers - HVA and VMA

4 Dopamine, Noradrenaline, Adrenaline

5 Dopamine, Noradrenaline, Adrenaline Observe the nutrient cofactors involved Observe the OAT markers - HVA and VMA

6 Dopamine, Noradrenaline, Adrenaline Dopamine MAO A, MAO B DBH COMT Adrenaline COMT MAO A ALDH3A2 Noradrenaline PNMT MAO A ALDH COMT Cofactors: Copper Magnesium Vitamin C FAD NAD B1 SAM SAM is a product of the methyla<on cycle Which is connected to the folate and BH4 cycles Methyla<on func<on/balance is very important Any enzyme ending MT (e.g. COMT, PNMT) means methyl transferase

7 OAT and catecholamines You can look at HVA and VMA to get clues about the catecholamines Care must be taken with interpreta<on High and low levels can mean different things

8 OAT and catecholamines Elevated HVA: Excess dopamine Poor conversion to noradrenaline/ norepinephrine Excess dopamine breakdown Two completely different situa<ons Check symptoms! Check medica<ons! Low HVA: Low dopamine produc<on Excess dopamine conversion to noradr/ norepi Two completely different situa<ons Check symptoms! Check medica<ons!

9 OAT and catecholamines Elevated VMA: Excess noradrenaline/ norepi produc<on (stress?) High dopamine to noradr/norepi conversion Excessive breakdown Completely different situa<ons! Check symptoms! Check medica<ons! Low VMA: Generally low noradr/ adrenaline levels Low dopamine to noradr/adrenaline conversion Poor noradr/adrenaline breakdown Completely different situa<ons! Check symptoms! Check medica<ons!

10 OAT and catecholamines High HVA to VMA ra<o: Adrenal burnout? HVA not conver<ng to VMA? Poor dopamine to noradrenaline conversion Single nucleo<de polymorphisms? Nutrient deficiencies Enzyme inhibi<on? Heavy metals, LPS, inflamma<on, etc.?

11 Cresol (Clostridia) inac<vates DBH

12 Cresol (Clostridia) inac<vates DBH

13 Serotonin

14 Serotonin Observe the nutrient cofactors involved Observe the OAT marker - 5-HIAA

15 Serotonin Enzymes: MAO A ALDH2 AANAT (conversion to melatonin) Cofactors: Zinc B1 B5 FAD NAD SAM

16 OAT and serotonin 5-HIAA can be measured in an OAT: High levels can mean elevated serotonin, or rapid serotonin breakdown Low levels can mean low serotonin or slow breakdown Other markers can help in interpre<ng the serotonin pathway

17 OAT and serotonin The serotonin pathway looks like this: Tryptophan > 5-HTP > serotonin (>melatonin) However in some instances, tryptophan can be shunted down a different pathway: IDO1 enzyme is ac<vated Interferon-gamma, TNF-alpha, LPS, stress Shunts tryptophan into kyurenine Kyurenine can shunt into kyurenic acid, which is protec<ve Kyurenine can also be shunted to form quinolinic acid

18 OAT and serotonin

19 OAT and serotonin Quinolinic acid may be neurotoxic in high amounts (s<mulates NMDA receptors like glutamate does): Quinolinic acid is an excitotoxic sqmulant of certain brain cells that have NMDA-type receptors. OversQmulated nerve cells may die. Brain toxicity due to quinolinic acid has been implicated in Alzheimer s disease, auqsm, HunQngton s disease, stroke, demenqa of old age, depression, HIV-associated demenqa, and schizophrenia.

20 OAT and serotonin A high quinolinic acid to 5-HIAA ra<o Typically indicates that tryptophan is preferen<ally being converted into kyurenine pathway If kyurenic acid is high but quinolinic isn t, it can be a B6 deficiency

21 Glutamine-Glutamate-GABA h4p://flipper.diff.org/app/pathways/2794

22 Factors affec<ng synthesis/levels Glutamate: Consump<on in diet (e.g. MSG?) Inflamma<on Toxicity/infec<ons GABA: B6 level GAD polymorphisms (SNPs)

23 Thanks Next up, we ll look at some of the symptoms associated with neurotransmi4er imbalances, which must be <ed in with health history, OAT and GI assessments.

24 h4p:// neuronalgenome.html