Intelligence & Thought Quiz

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Timothy Mason
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1 1) The most representative example of a category is called a(n) A) prototype. B) schema. C) availability heuristic. D) algorithm. E) mental set. 2) A(n) involves arranging concepts from general to specific. A) concept formation B) algorithm C) prototype D) concept hierarchy E) mental set 3) The missing term in the following concept hierarchy food, desserts, chocolates, is A) brownies. B) vanilla ice cream. C) main courses. D) side dishes. E) edibles. 4) A cognitive representation of physical space is called A) a chunk. B) an heuristic. C) an algorithm. D) a cognitive map. E) confirmation bias. 5) The brain part believed to be associated with "common sense," "intuition," and the emotional component of thinking is located in the A) parietal lobes near the cerebellum. B) temporal lobes directly above the hippocampus. C) frontal lobes just behind the central fissure. D) temporal lobes beside the lateral fissure. E) frontal lobes just above the eyes. 6) One of the reasons people use algorithms is that they A) are intuitive and obvious. B) are flexible, because they are not too precise. C) can solve almost any problem. D) change over time as we become wiser. E) will always work if used properly. 7) A heuristic is BEST described as a A) rule of thumb. B) step-by-step procedure. C) time-consuming process that guarantees success. D) schema. E) categorization process from general to specific. 8) In problem solving, using guarantees success, but using a(n) does not guarantee success. A) a mental set; schema Page 1 of 6

2 B) an algorithm; heuristic C) a mnemonic; script D) a retrieval cue; cognitive map E) a prototype; anchoring bias 9) When a person cannot consider other uses for a familiar object, he is demonstrating A) the anchoring bias. B) the availability heuristic. C) an algorithm. D) functional fixedness. E) a script. 10) Rob is preparing Chicken Baskini for Patty when he realizes that the chicken is supposed to be pounded out. So, he goes to the store to buy a cooking mallet. Rob never thought of using his rolling pin to flatten the chicken because of A) the representativeness heuristic. B) sampling bias. C) the confirmation bias. D) hindsight bias. E) functional fixedness. 11) When Carla uses nail polish to prevent the run in her stocking from worsening, she is demonstrating her ability to overcome which of the following obstacles to effective problem solving? A) working backward B) regression to the average C) functional fixedness D) the anchoring bias E) the representativeness heuristic 12) When demonstrating bias, people ignore or overlook information that disagrees with their beliefs. A) hindsight B) algorithm C) confirmation D) representativeness E) availability 13) Howard believes his son, Dan, is perfect. When Dan gets into a fight, Howard says, "I'm sure the other child started it." When Dan fails a test, Howard says, "The teacher must have created an unfair test." Howard A) is demonstrating the availability heuristic. B) is working backward to understand Dan. C) has a representativeness heuristic. D) is demonstrating functional fixedness. E) has a confirmation bias about Dan. 14) After the outcome is known, people often have distorted thinking about their original expectations due to A) confirmation bias. B) hindsight bias. C) representativeness heuristic. Page 2 of 6

3 D) availability heuristic. E) their prototypes. 15) Much of the psychological literature equates creativity with A) divergent thinking. B) convergent thinking. C) intuition. D) artificial concepts. E) being a 'team player.' 16) Brainstorming is based on the assumption that is effective. A) convergent thinking B) divergent thinking C) an algorithm D) the anchoring bias E) working backward 17) What is chronological age? A) The average age at which normal individuals achieve a particular score on a measure of intelligence. B) The age at which someone's test score is equal to current age. C) The number of years since an individual's birth. D) The mental age multiplied by the IQ. E) The age determined based on the number of questions correctly answered on an IQ test. 18) Phil is tested and has a mental age of 7 years. Thus, what do we know about his chronological age? A) His IQ matches his chronological age. B) His chronological age is seven years. C) The average age of people receiving that score is seven years. D) Phil got about seven questions right in each section of the test. E) Nothing from the information that is provided. 19) Because they had limited English skills, were often labeled 'morons' by early intelligence tests. A) army recruits B) people with schizophrenia C) very young children D) immigrants E) the deaf 20) Which professor helped to adapt the Binet-Simon test for use with U.S. schoolchildren, thus creating the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale? A) Francis Galton B) Leland Stanford C) Lewis Terman D) David Wechsler E) Robert Sternberg 21) In 1914, William Stern coined the term to refer to the ratio of mental age divided by chronological age multiplied by 100. A) intellectual ratio Page 3 of 6

4 B) aptitude C) mental ratio D) standardized intelligence E) intelligence quotient 22) When scores are normally distributed, A) many people score at the high end and few score at the low end. B) people are equally likely to obtain any particular score. C) people tend to score consistently when they are retested. D) few people score very high or very low and most people score near the average. E) people's scores reflect their actual ability. 23) Using most tests of intelligence, the cut-off score for persons labeled "gifted" is A) above 130. B) above 150. C) below 70. D) above 100. E) above ) Which of the following people would be considered a savant? A) Carrie, who is mentally retarded B) Luka, who is mentally retarded but has superb mathematical skills C) Carter, who is gifted D) Abby, who is gifted but has major difficulties with spelling E) Cleo, who is of average intelligence, but is great at math and terrible at spelling 25) Guilford's most important contribution is the distinction between and thinking. A) mental; artistic B) divergent; convergent C) social; innate D) emotional; intellectual E) experiential; practical 26) Janet is a terrible dancer, but she is the best in her class at reading. According to Howard Gardner, she lacks intelligence but possesses intelligence. A) musical; spatial B) rhythmic; logical C) bodily-kinesthetic; intrapersonal D) bodily-kinesthetic; linguistic E) spatial; linguistic 27) Which two people are likely to have the highest degree of correlation between their IQ scores? A) Sue and Shana, identical twins raised apart B) Tom and Lila, fraternal twins raised by the same parents C) Heath and his son, Quinn D) Siblings Esai and Carlos E) Samantha and her adopted daughter, Luella Page 4 of 6

5 28) One source of bias which may explain racial IQ differences is the fact that most IQ tests rely heavily on A) math skills. B) vocabulary level. C) ability to pay attention. D) individual responsibility. E) interpersonal intelligence. 29) The best predictors of a child's IQ at age four are A) family's financial status and mother's level of education. B) race and presence of a father. C) money and numbers of books in the home. D) gender and race. E) whether the mother works and the father's IQ score. 30) Although Galton popularized many ideas about intelligence that have had a lasting impact in the field of individual differences, he also postulated a number of ideas that proved controversial. For example, he believed this. A) Eugenics should have no part in the improvement of the human species B) Darwin was incorrect in his belief about a species' fitness C) Some people were genetically superior while others were genetically inferior D) Science should not meddle in public policy 31) In the language of assessment, a test that measures what an assessor intended it to measure is what? A) Reliable B) Valid C) Standardized D) Invariant 32) A five year old child has just taken the Alfred Binet test of intelligence and has been told his metal age is nine. This means what? A) His chronological age is nine B) He is less intelligent than most nine year olds C) His score equals the score of the average nine year old D) He is more intelligent than most nine year olds 33) The IQ test for older children is called the. A) WAIS-R B) WISC-III C) WPPSI-R D) Stanford-Binet E) All of the above F) None of the above 34) The adult IQ test is called the. A) WAIS-R B) WISC-III C) WPPSI-R D) Stanford-Binet E) All of the above F) None of the above Page 5 of 6

6 35) Men tend to outperform women on the SAT. 36) Unlike algorithms, heuristics guarantee a successful solution. 37) Functional fixedness involves a failure to consider other uses for familiar objects. 38) Convergent thinking involves coming up with many different solutions to a problem. 39) A four-year-old child necessarily has a chronological age of four. 40) Approximately 2% of the population is mentally retarded and about 2% of the population is gifted. 41) The correlation between the IQs of adopted children and their biological parents is greater than with their adoptive parents. 42) Socioeconomic status is correlated with IQ scores. Page 6 of 6

Psychology in Your Life

Sarah Grison Todd Heatherton Michael Gazzaniga Psychology in Your Life SECOND EDITION Chapter 8 Thinking and Intelligence 1 2016 W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. 8.1 What Is Thinking? How we represent ideas