NERVOUS SYSTEM C H A P T E R 2 8
|
|
- Conrad Weaver
- 1 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 NERVOUS SYSTEM C H A P T E R 2 8
2 CAN AN INJURED SPINAL CORD BE FIXED? Injuries to the spinal cord disrupt communication between the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the rest of the body There are millions of nerve fibres make up the spinal cord, it is well protected by vertebrae from being severed but they can be crushed resulting in scar tissue that impedes the signals from passing There are different locations where these injuries can occur from resulting in debilitating injury
3 CHRISTOPHER REEVE The late actor Christopher Reeve Suffered a spinal cord injury during an equestrian competition Two vertebrae were in his neck were fractured, crushing the spinal cord at the base of his skull and causing quadriplegia Was an influential advocate for spinal cord research
4 UNIT M & N STANDARDS Core I can create a graphic organizer for the divisions of the nervous system. I can relate parts of the brain to various body functions. I can describe how the nervous and endocrine systems work together and provide a relevant example. I can compare and contrast sympathetic to parasympathetic nervous responses. I can explain overall function of a reflex arc. Advanced I can compare and contrast structures and functions of 3 kinds of neurons. I can provide an overview of the nervous impulse. I can provide an overview of the synaptic gap process. Crash Course Intro to the Nervous System
5 NERVOUS SYSTEM STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Nervous systems receive sensory input, interpret it, and send out appropriate commands Nervous systems, are the most intricately organized data-processing systems on Earth A neuron consists of a cell body with A nucleus and organelles Long thin extensions called neuron fibres that convey signals
6 TWO MAIN DIVISIONS Two main divisions are: The central nervous system (CNS) Consists of brain and spinal cord The peripheral nervous system (PNS) Is mostly made up of communication lines called nerves that carry signals into and out of the CNS The PNS also has ganglia, which are clusters of neuron cell bodies
7 ORGANIZATION OF A NERVOUS SYSTEM The nervous system obtains and processes sensory information And sends commands to effector cells, such as muscles, that carry out appropriate responses It is organized as Sensory input: conduction from sensory receptors Integration: interpretation of the sensory signals Motor output: is the conduction of signals from the integration centres to the; Effector cells, such as a muscle or gland
8 AUTOMATIC RESPONSES Our body has automatic responses called reflexes
9 THREE FUNCTIONAL TYPES OF NEURONS Sensory Neurons: convey signals (information) from sensory receptors into the CNS Interneurons: Located entirely in CNS; integrate data and relay appropriate signals to other interneurons or motor neurons Motor Neurons: convey signals from the CNS to effector cells
10 THREE FUNCTIONAL TYPES OF NEURONS
11 NEURONS ARE THE FUNCTIONAL UNITS OF NERVOUS SYSTEMS Neurons are cells specialized for carrying signals and consist of A cell body Two types of extensions (fibers) that conduct signals, Numerous dendrites and axons
12 DENDRITES AND AXONS Dendrites are highly branched extensions that receive signals from other neurons and convey this information toward the cell body Axons are typically longer extensions that that transmit signals to other cells which may be other neurons or effector cells Axons from your spinal cord to muscle cells in your feet (1m long!)
13 SUPPORTING CELLS Supporting cells, known as glial cells are essential for the structural integrity and normal functioning Schwann Cells (PNS) or Oligodendrocytes (CNS) Covered in a myelin sheath (insulation) Nodes of Ranvier: are the only point on axons where signals can be transmitted
14 NERVE SIGNALS AND THEIR TRANSMISSION A neuron maintains a membrane potential across its membrane At rest, a neuron s plasma membrane has an electrical voltage called the resting potential
15 THE RESTING POTENTIAL The resting potential Exists because of differences in ionic composition of the fluids inside and outside of the cell K+ freely flows out, leaving an excess of negative charge Is caused by the membrane s ability to maintain a positive charge on its outer surface opposing a negative charge on its inner surface
16 A NERVE SIGNAL BEGINS AS A CHANGE IN THE MEMBRANE POTENTIAL A stimulus alters the permeability of a portion of the membrane allowing ions to pass through and changing the membrane s voltage A nerve signal, called an action potential Is a change in the membrane voltage from the resting potential to a maximum level and back to the resting potential
17
18 THE ACTION POTENTIAL PROPAGATES ITSELF ALONG THE NEURON Action potentials Are self-propagated in a one-way chain reaction along a neuron Are all-or-none events The frequency of action potentials change but not their strength Will only change in frequency with strength in stimulus Crash Course Action Potentials
19 PROPAGATION OF THE ACTION POTENTIAL ALONG AN AXON 1 1. When this region of the axon (blue) has its Na+ channels open, NA+ rushes inward (blue arrows), and an action potential is generated 2. Soon, the K+ channels in that same region open allows K+ to diffuse out of the axon (green arrows), Na+ channels are closed and inactivated. Downswing of AP 3. Short time later, no signs of an AP because axon has returned to its resting potential 2 3
20 28.6 NEURONS COMMUNICATE AT SYNAPSE When an action potential reaches then end of an axon, it generally stops there. Action potentials are not transmitted from cell to cell rather information is transmitted at a synapse Synapses come in two varieties 1. Electrical 2. Chemical
21 ELECTRICAL SYNAPSE Electrical synapses pass electrical current directly from one neuron to the next The receiving neuron is stimulated quickly and the same frequency of action potentials as the sending neurons Electrical synapses are found in the heart and digestive tract, where nerve signals maintain steady, rhythmic muscle contractions
22 CHEMICAL SYNAPSES Chemical synapses have a narrow gap called the synaptic cleft which separates the sending neuron from the receiving neuron The electrical signal of the action potential is converted to a chemical signal The chemical signal consists of molecules called neurotransmitters that are stored in synaptic vesicles which are secreted out into the synaptic cleft The neurotransmitter crosses the synaptic cleft and binds to a receptor on the surface of the receiving cell
23 NEURON COMMUNICATION
24 CHEMICAL SYNAPSES MAKE COMPLEX INFORMATION PROCESSING POSSIBLE A neuron may receive information from hundreds of other neurons via thousands of synaptic terminals Neurons can have excitatory neurotransmitters (green) and inhibitory (red) which can create more action potentials or decrease action potentials respectively. The summation of excitation and inhibition determines whether or not a neuron will transmit a nerve signal
25 A VARIETY OF SMALL MOLECULES FUNCTION AS NEUROTRANSMITTERS Many small, nitrogen-containing molecules serve as neurotransmitters Acetylcholine is important in the brain and synapses between motor neurons and muscle cells They can act as both excitatory and inhibitory Biogenic amines are derived from amino acids These biogenic neurotransmitters are important in the CNS Epinephrine, norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine
26 NEUROTRANSMITTERS Serotonin and dopamine affect sleep, mood, attention and learning Imbalances lead to various disorders Lack of dopamine Parkinson s Diseases Excess of dopamine Schizophrenia Reduced norepinephrine and serotonin types of depression LSD Acid produces hallucinogenic effects by binding to serotonin and dopamine receptors in the brain
27 NEUROTRANSMITTERS CONT D Four amino acid based neurotransmitters in CNS Aspartate and glutamate excitatory Glycine and GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid) are inhibitory Peptides can make neurotransmitters Substance P mediates our perception of pain Endorphins are both neurotransmitters and hormones decrease pain during physical and emotional stress Dissolved gases Nitric Oxide (NO) for E.D. Crash Course Synapses and Neurotransmitters
28 28.9 MANY DRUGS ACT AT CHEMICAL SYNAPSES Many psychoactive drugs act at synapses and affect neurotransmitter action
29
30 A N I M A L N E R V O U S S Y S T E M P T 2
31 VERTEBRATE NERVOUS SYSTEMS ARE HIGHLY CENTRALIZED AND CEPHALIZED Skip The spinal cord runs lengthwise inside the vertebral column and conveys the information from the brain and integrates simple responses to certain kinds of stimuli like the knee-jerk reflex The brain includes the homeostatic centers that keep the body functioning smoothly The brain capillaries are the most selective to allow nutrients and oxygen in and keep other chemicals out using the blood brain barrier
32 COMPONENTS OF THE CNS Both the brain and the spinal cord have fluid-filled spaces Ventricles in the brain are continuous with the narrow canal of the spinal cord These cavities are filled with cerebrospinal fluid, which is the formed in the brain by filtering the blood. Also protecting the brain are the meninges, layers of connective tissue
33 GRAY AND WHITE MATTER White matter is mostly composed of axons with their myelin sheaths Gray matter consists mainly of nerve bodies and dendrites Cranial nerves originate in the brain and terminate in structures in the head and upper body Spinal nerves originate in the spinal cord and extend to everything else!
34 28.12 THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM OF VERTEBRATES IS A FUNCTIONAL HIERARCHY The PNS can be divided into two functional components The somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system The somatic nervous system Carries signals to and from skeletal muscles, mainly in response to external stimuli The autonomic nervous system Regulates the internal environment by controlling smooth and cardiac muscles and the organs of various body systems Crash Course PNS
35 28.13 OPPOSING ACTIONS OF SYMPATHETIC AND PARASYMPATHETIC NEURONS REGULATE THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT The autonomic nervous system The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system Primes the body for activities that gain and conserve energy for the body The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system Prepares the body for intense, energyconsuming activities Crash Course Autonomic Nervous System
36 28.14 THE VERTEBRATE BRAIN DEVELOPS FROM THREE ANTERIOR BULGES OF THE NEURAL TUBE The vertebrate brain develops from the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain The size and complexity of the cerebrum in birds and mammals correlates with their sophisticated behavior
37 28.15 THE STRUCTURE OF A LIVING SUPERCOMPUTER: THE HUMAN BRAIN The human brain is more powerful than the most sophisticated computer The human brain is composed of three main parts The forebrain, the midbrain, and the hindbrain
38 MAJOR STRUCTURES OF THE HUMAN BRAIN
39 THE BRAIN The midbrain and subdivisions of the hindbrain, together with the thalamus and hypothalamus Function mainly in conducting information to and from higher brain centers Regulate homeostatic functions, keep track of body position, and sort sensory information The forebrain s cerebrum Is the largest and most complex part of the brain
40 THE BRAIN CONT D Most of the cerebrum s integrative power resides in the cerebral cortex of the two cerebral hemispheres
41 28.16 THE CEREBRAL CORTEX IS A MOSAIC OF SPECIALIZED, INTERACTIVE REGIONS Specialized integrative regions of the cerebral cortex include The somatosensory cortex and centers for vision, hearing, taste, and smell The motor cortex Directs responses Association areas Concerned with higher mental activities such as reasoning and language, make up most of the cerebrum The right and left cerebral hemispheres Tend to specialize in different mental tasks
42 28.19 THE LIMBIC SYSTEM IS INVOLVED IN EMOTIONS, MEMORY, AND LEARNING The limbic system Is a functional group of integrating centers in the cerebral cortex, thalamus, and hypothalamus Is involved in emotions, memory, and learning
The Nervous System & Nervous tissue. Dr. Ali Ebneshahidi
The Nervous System & Nervous tissue Dr. Ali Ebneshahidi Functions of the Nervous System 1. Nervous system and endocrine system are the chief control centers in maintaining body homeostasis. 2. Nervous
Primary Functions. Monitor changes. Integrate input. Initiate a response. External / internal. Process, interpret, make decisions, store information
NERVOUS SYSTEM Monitor changes External / internal Integrate input Primary Functions Process, interpret, make decisions, store information Initiate a response E.g., movement, hormone release, stimulate/inhibit
Outline. Animals: Nervous system. Neuron and connection of neurons. Key Concepts:
Animals: Nervous system Neuron and connection of neurons Outline 1. Key concepts 2. An Overview and Evolution 3. Human Nervous System 4. The Neurons 5. The Electrical Signals 6. Communication between Neurons
Chapter 48-49: The Nervous System & Neurons
Invertebrates Chapter 48-49: The Nervous System & Neurons Radial Symmetry - Nerve net Cnideria Bilateral Symmetry double, ventral, solid nerve cord brain (cephalization) Vertebrates Dorsal, single, hollow,
action potential afferent neuron Weblike; specifically, the weblike middle layer of the three meninges. arachnoid astrocytes autonomic nervous system
action potential A large transient depolarization event, including polarity reversal, that is conducted along the membrane of a muscle cell or a nerve fiber. afferent neuron Nerve cell that carries impulses
Bio11 schedule. Chapter 13 and 14. The Nervous System. The Nervous System. Organization of Nervous Systems. Nerves. Nervous and Sensory Systems
Bio11 schedule Lecture Nervous system and senses Lab Current events reports (10 pts) Urinalysis Lecture exam 2 Thursday Feb 24 Same format as before Study guide will be posted Your total points so far
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. Homeostasis Strand
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Homeostasis Strand Introduction In general, a nervous system has three overlapping functions : 1. Sensory input conduction of signals from sensory receptors to integration centres 2.
Nervous Systems: Diversity & Functional Organization
Nervous Systems: Diversity & Functional Organization Diversity of Neural Signaling The diversity of neuron structure and function allows neurons to play many roles. 3 basic function of all neurons: Receive
Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling
Chapter 48 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions
10.1: Introduction. Cell types in neural tissue: Neurons Neuroglial cells (also known as neuroglia, glia, and glial cells) Dendrites.
10.1: Introduction Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Cell types in neural tissue: Neurons Neuroglial cells (also known as neuroglia, glia, and glial
Chapter 7 Nervous System
Chapter 7 Nervous System Two message centers: Functions of these systems: 1. * 2. * Overview of the Nervous System Parts: General Functions: Functions Sensory input: Sensation via nerves Integration: interpretation
Biology 3201 Quiz on Nervous System. Total 33 points
Biology 3201 Quiz on Nervous System Total 33 points Name: Circle the best response to the following: (33 points) 1. What do we call the long fibre that carries impulses away from the nerve cell body? A.
35-2 The Nervous System Slide 1 of 38
1 of 38 35-2 The Nervous System The nervous system controls and coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. 2 of 38 Neurons Neurons The messages carried by
1. Processes nutrients and provides energy for the neuron to function; contains the cell's nucleus; also called the soma.
1. Base of brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing 2. tissue destruction; a brain lesion is a naturally or experimentally caused destruction of brain tissue 3. A thick band of axons that connects the
2401 : Anatomy/Physiology
Dr. Chris Doumen Week 5 2401 : Anatomy/Physiology Introduction Neural Tissue TextBook Readings Pages 388 through 397. Make use of the figures in your textbook ; a picture is worth a thousand words! Work
Biology 3201 Nervous System #2- Anatomy. Components of a Nervous System
Biology 3201 Nervous System #2- Anatomy Components of a Nervous System In any nervous system, there are 4 main components: (1) sensors: gather information from the external environment (sense organs) (2)
Nervous System Notes
Nervous System Notes The nervous system consists of a network of nerve cells or neurons. I. A nervous system is an important part of a cell s (or an organism s) ability to respond to the environment. A.
NEURAL TISSUE (NEUROPHYSIOLOGY) PART I (A): NEURONS & NEUROGLIA
PART I (A): NEURONS & NEUROGLIA Neural Tissue Contains 2 kinds of cells: neurons: cells that send and receive signals neuroglia (glial cells): cells that support and protect neurons Neuron Types Sensory
6.5 Nerves, Hormones and Homeostasis
6.5 Nerves, Hormones and Homeostasis IB Biology SL Part 1 - Nerves Outcomes Part 1 6.5.1State that the nervous system consists of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nerves, and is composed
Week 2 Psychology. The Brain and Behavior
Week 2 Psychology The Brain and Behavior In this lesson, we will focus on the nervous system. We will learn about the Nervous System and its Command Center the Brain Characteristics and Divisions of the
[CHAPTER 12: THE NERVOUS SYSTEM] [ANSWER KEY]
WORDBANK: Cholinesterase Dopamine Axon Choroid layer Cochlea Incus Action Potential Cataract Cornea Astigmatism Dendrite Malleus Alzheimer s Disease Central Excitatory Response Fovea Centralis Acetylcholine
1. 01/20/15 Ch 8: Muscular System /09/15 Ch 9: Nervous System 16
Table of Contents # Date Title Page # 1. 01/20/15 Ch 8: Muscular System 1 2. 02/09/15 Ch 9: Nervous System 16 i 1 Anatomy and Physiology Sem 2 Ch 9 Nervous System.notebook 02/09/15 Ch. 9 Nervous System
Okami Study Guide: Chapter 2 1
Okami Study Guide: Chapter 2 1 Chapter Test 1. A cell that receives information and transmits it to other cells via an electrochemical process is called a(n) a. neuron b. hormone c. glia d. endorphin Answer:
Chapter 22. The Nervous and Endocrine Systems Worksheets. 561
Chapter 22 The Nervous and Endocrine Systems Worksheets (Opening image copyright by Sebastian Kaulitzki, 2010. Used under license from Shutterstock.com.) Lesson 22.1: The Nervous System Lesson 22.2: The
Neurotransmitters. Chemical transmission of a nerve signal by neurotransmitters at a synapse
Neurotransmitters A chemical released by one neuron that affects another neuron or an effector organ (e.g., muscle, gland, blood vessel). Neurotransmitters are small molecules that serve as messengers
Functions of Nervous System Neuron Structure
Chapter 10 Nervous System I Divisions of the Nervous System Cell Types of Neural Tissue neurons neuroglial cells Central Nervous System brain spinal cord Peripheral Nervous System nerves cranial nerves
Nerve Cell Flashcards
1. What does the word innervates mean? Refers to a nerve supplying a muscle or organ. For example, The phrenic nerve innervates the diaphragm muscle. 2. 3 parts of the Nervous System 1. Central Nervous
Nervous system function Central and peripheral nervous system. Myelinated neurons Nerve signal transmission Nerve Synapse
Outline Nervous System - Neurons Biol 105 Lecture Packet 9 Chapter 7 I. II. III. IV. V. VI. Nervous system function Central and peripheral nervous system Nervous system cells Myelinated neurons Nerve signal
Human Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 11: Neural Tissue & The Nervous System
Human Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 11: Neural Tissue & The Nervous System Question No. 1 of 10 The human body contains different types of tissue. The tissue is formed into organs and organ systems.
Department of medical physiology 1 st week
Department of medical physiology 1 st week Semester: summer Study program: Dental medicine Lecture: RNDr. Soňa Grešová, PhD. Department of medical physiology 1 st week 1. General neurophysiology 2. Central
Chapter 11: Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue
Chapter 11: Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Objectives: 1. List the basic functions of the nervous system. 2. Explain the structural and functional divisions of the nervous system.
Functions of the Nervous System
Chapter 11 Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue 11-1 Functions of the Nervous System 1. Sensory input. Monitor internal and external stimuli 2. Integration. Brain and spinal cord process sensory input
Nervous System Worksheet
Nervous System Worksheet Name Section A: Intro to Nervous System The Nervous System regulates and coordinates activities within the body. It detects, interprets and responds to changes that occur internally
Chapter 14: Nervous System Guided Notes (A-day)
Chapter 14: Nervous System Guided Notes (A-day) Nervous System Overview Major Function: Control the body's and. Divided into the Nervous System (CNS=Brain and Spinal Cord) and the Nervous System (PNS=Cranial
BIOLOGY 2050 LECTURE NOTES ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I (A. IMHOLTZ) FUNDAMENTALS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND NERVOUS TISSUE P1 OF 5
P1 OF 5 The nervous system controls/coordinates the activities of cells, tissues, & organs. The endocrine system also plays a role in control/coordination. The nervous system is more dominant. Its mechanisms
anatomic divisions central nervous system peripheral nervous system Anatomic Divisions of the PNS afferent or sensory division
Chapter 12 Functional Organization of the Nervous System I. Two anatomic divisions: CNS and PNS A. central nervous system (CNS) 1. consists of the brain and spinal cord and is encased in bone. 2. Surrounded
PSYCH 260 Exam 2. March 2, Answer the questions using the Scantron form. Name:
PSYCH 260 Exam 2 March 2, 2017 Answer the questions using the Scantron form. Name: 1 1 Main Please put in their proper order the steps that lead to synaptic communication between neurons. Begin with the
Chapter 44 Neurons and Nervous Systems
Nervous System Cells Neuron a cell Chapter 44 Neurons and Nervous Systems signal direction dendrites cell body Structure fits function many entry points for signal one path out transmits signal signal
Neural Tissue. Chapter 12 Part B
Neural Tissue Chapter 12 Part B CNS Tumors - Neurons stop dividing at age 4 but glial cells retain the capacity to divide. - Primary CNS tumors in adults- division of abnormal neuroglia rather than from
BIOLOGY 12 NERVOUS SYSTEM PRACTICE
1 Name: BIOLOGY 12 NERVOUS SYSTEM PRACTICE Date: 1) Identify structures X, Y and Z and give one function of each. 2) Which processes are involved in the movement of molecule Y from point X to point Z?
The Nervous System and the Endocrine System
The Nervous System and the Endocrine System Neurons: The Building Blocks of the Nervous System Nervous System The electrochemical communication system of the body Sends messages from the brain to the
Name: Period: Test Review: Chapter 2
Name: Period: Test Review: Chapter 2 1. The function of dendrites is to A) receive incoming signals from other neurons. B) release neurotransmitters into the spatial junctions between neurons. C) coordinate
Learning Modules - Medical Gross Anatomy Nervous System Overview - Page 1 of 14
Nervous System Overview - Page 1 of 14 Overview of the Nervous System Every minute of every day, your nervous system is sending and receiving countless messages about what is happening both inside and
Warm-up. Warm-up. Warm-up. Chapter 48. Why do animals need a nervous system? 3/9/2012. Nervous System
Warm-up Objective: Explain how membrane potentials arise from differences in ion concentrations between cells' content and the extracellular fluid. Warm-up: Cells from this structure migrate to other parts
Anatomy of a Neuron. Copyright 2000 by BSCS and Videodiscovery, Inc. Permission granted for classroom use. Updated Master 2.
Anatomy of a Neuron Master 2.1 Neurons Interact with Other Neurons through Synapses Master 2.2 Name Date Due Cells of the Nervous System Learning Target: Identify and state the function of the components
Learning Intention. Name and describe the components of a neuron
c) Neural Pathways Learning Intention Name and describe the components of a neuron Cells of the Nervous System The nervous system consists of a complex network of nerve cells called neurons which receive
Organization and Overview of the Central Nervous System CNS 424. By Prof. Hisham Al-Matubsi
Organization and Overview of the Central Nervous System CNS 424 By Prof. Hisham Al-Matubsi Components Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors Responsible for Sensory perceptions, mental activities,
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM CONCEPT 2: THE VERTEBRATE BRAIN IS REGIONALLY SPECIALIZED
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM CONCEPT 2: THE VERTEBRATE BRAIN IS REGIONALLY SPECIALIZED Images of the human brain in popular culture almost always focus on the cerebrum, the part of the brain whose surface lies just
BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES
BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES CHAPTER 3 1 LEARNING GOALS Discuss how the nervous system communicates internally. Describe the structure and function of neurons Describe how the neuron transmits information Describe
Portions from Chapter 6 CHAPTER 7. The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses. Chapter 7 Outline. and Supporting Cells
CHAPTER 7 The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses Chapter 7 Outline Neurons and Supporting Cells Activity in Axons The Synapse Acetylcholine as a Neurotransmitter Monoamines as Neurotransmitters Other
13 - Cells of the Nervous System Taft College Human Physiology. Dendrite
13 - Cells of the Nervous System Taft College Human Physiology Dendrite Histology (Cells) of the Nervous System 2 major categories of cells are found in the nervous system: 1. Nerve cells (neurons) carry
The CNS and PNS: How is our Nervous System Organized?
Honors Biology Guided Notes Chapter 28 Nervous System Name 28.10 28.19 The CNS and PNS: How is our Nervous System Organized? ANIMAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS Define Cephalization and Centralization. What type of
The Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System Pearson Education, Inc.
17 The Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System Introduction The autonomic nervous system: Functions outside of our conscious awareness Makes routine adjustments in our body s systems The autonomic nervous
1/20/ : Overview of the Nervous System. Divisions of the Nervous System. Divisions of the Nervous System
10.1: Overview of the Nervous System Chapter 10 Lecture Outline See separate PowerPoint slides for all figures and tables preinserted into PowerPoint without notes. Copyright McGraw-Hill Education. Permission
Basic Neuroscience. Sally Curtis
The Physiology of Pain Basic Neuroscience Sally Curtis sac3@soton.ac.uk The behaviour of humans is a result of the actions of nerves. Nerves form the basis of Thoughts, sensations and actions both reflex
The Nervous System. Lab Exercise 29. Objectives. Introduction
Lab Exercise The Nervous System Objectives -You should be able to recognize a neuron and identify its components. - Be able to identify the principal components of the brain and be able to name at least
Teacher Key. Big Idea Different types of neurons compose the nervous tissue that forms the communication system within the body.
Big Idea Different types of neurons compose the nervous tissue that forms the communication system within the body. Introduction to Neurons An individual s survival and reproductive success depends upon
Objectives. ! Describe the major structures of the nervous system. ! Explain how a nerve impulse is transmitted.
Objectives! Describe the major structures of the nervous system.! Explain how a nerve impulse is transmitted.! Distinguish between the functions of the central and peripheral nervous systems.! Identify
The Nervous System: Central Nervous System
The Nervous System: Central Nervous System I. Anatomy of the nervous system A. The CNS & the body by: 1. monitoring of the body 2. & information between parts of the body 3. acting as a to gather, store,
Blood & Nervous Tissue. Blood. Nervous Tissue 10/13/2008. BY: Jeremiah Peters, Brett Maggard, Miranda Asher, and Benjamin Oakes
Blood & Nervous Tissue BY: Jeremiah Peters, Brett Maggard, Miranda Asher, and Benjamin Oakes Blood Fluid within blood vessels Doesn t connect or give mechanical support Transports Nutrients, wastes, respiratory
Module 5 : Anatomy The nervous system
Module 5 : Anatomy The nervous system In this module you will learn: The main parts of the nervous system The different sections of the brain and how it functions The structure and function of the spinal
Biology 105 Midterm Exam 3 Review Sheet
Biology 105 Midterm Exam 3 Review Sheet The third midterm exam will cover the following lecture material (lectures 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13): Skeletal System (from chapter 5 in the textbook), Nervous System
Chapter 7 Nerve Cells and Electrical Signaling
Chapter 7 Nerve Cells and Electrical Signaling 7.1. Overview of the Nervous System (Figure 7.1) 7.2. Cells of the Nervous System o Neurons are excitable cells which can generate action potentials o 90%
Chapter 14 The Autonomic Nervous System Chapter Outline
Chapter 14 The Autonomic Nervous System Chapter Outline Module 14.1 Overview of the Autonomic Nervous System (Figures 14.1 14.3) A. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is the involuntary arm of the peripheral
PSYC& 100: Biological Psychology (Lilienfeld Chap 3) 1
PSYC& 100: Biological Psychology (Lilienfeld Chap 3) 1 1 What is a neuron? 2 Name and describe the functions of the three main parts of the neuron. 3 What do glial cells do? 4 Describe the three basic
Receptors and Neurotransmitters: It Sounds Greek to Me. Agenda. What We Know About Pain 9/7/2012
Receptors and Neurotransmitters: It Sounds Greek to Me Cathy Carlson, PhD, RN Northern Illinois University Agenda We will be going through this lecture on basic pain physiology using analogies, mnemonics,
I. Neural Control of Involuntary Effectors. Chapter 9. Autonomic Motor Nerves. Autonomic Neurons. Autonomic Ganglia. Autonomic Neurons 9/19/11
Chapter 9 I. Neural Control of Involuntary Effectors The Autonomic Nervous System Lecture PowerPoint Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Autonomic
PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS FOR SURVIVAL
PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS FOR SURVIVAL HOMEOSTASIS Homeostasis means staying similar or unchanging and refers to the constant internal environment or steady state of an organism. It also includes the processes
Autonomic Nervous System Dr. Ali Ebneshahidi
Autonomic Nervous System Dr. Ali Ebneshahidi Nervous System Divisions of the nervous system The human nervous system consists of the central nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
CHAPTER 12 LECTURE OUTLINE I. OVERVIEW OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 1. The nervous system, along with the endocrine system, helps to keep controlled
CHAPTER 12 LECTURE OUTLINE I. OVERVIEW OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 1. The nervous system, along with the endocrine system, helps to keep controlled conditions within limits that maintain health and helps to
Communication within a Neuron
Neuronal Communication, Ph.D. Communication within a Neuron Measuring Electrical Potentials of Axons The Membrane Potential The Action Potential Conduction of the Action Potential 1 The withdrawal reflex
Notes are online at The Neuron
Notes are online at http://cogsci.ucsd.edu/~clovett/neuronotescogs17.pdf A. What is a neuron? The Neuron 1. A neuron is a type of cell that receives and transmits information in the Central Nervous System
Practice test 1 spring 2011 copy
Practice test 1 spring 2011 copy Student: 1. The fundamental units of the nervous system are nerve cells, called: A. axons B. glial cells C. neurons D. neurotransmitters 2. Which of the following is NOT
Human Anatomy - Problem Drill 11: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
Human Anatomy - Problem Drill 11: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Question No. 1 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully, (2) Work the problems on paper as needed,
BASICS OF NEUROBIOLOGY NERVE ENDINGS ZSOLT LIPOSITS
BASICS OF NEUROBIOLOGY NERVE ENDINGS ZSOLT LIPOSITS 1 11. előadás. Prof. Liposits Zsolt NERVE ENDINGS I. Effectors and receptors 2 NERVE ENDINGS NEURONS COMMUNICATE WITH NON-NEURONAL ELEMENTS VIA SPECIALIZED
Nervous System. Unit 6.6 (6 th Edition) Chapter 7.6 (7 th Edition)
Nervous System Unit 6.6 (6 th Edition) Chapter 7.6 (7 th Edition) 1 Learning Objectives Identify the main parts (anatomy) of a neuron. Identify the 2 divisions of nervous system. Classify the major types
Neuroscience. Neuroscience: The Brain and Behavior 1/11/2010. The Brain and Behavior
Neuroscience The Brain and Behavior Neuroscience: The Brain and Behavior I. How is the Nervous System Organized? II. Methods of Studying the Brain III. How Does the Brain Function? IV. What Effects Do
Neural Tissue. Chapter 12 Part A
Neural Tissue Chapter 12 Part A Homeostasis Homeostasis refers to maintaining internal environment. How does body maintain homeostasis?? 1. Each cell, tissue or organ maintain their own internal environment
BENG 260 Supplementary neurophysiology slides
BENG 260 Supplementary neurophysiology slides Fall 2013 Slides are taken from Vander s Human Physiology, 11 th edition, McGraw Hill (ISBN 0077216091)" These slides cover:" Chapter 6, Neuronal Signaling
Cranial Nerves and Spinal Cord Flashcards
1. Name the cranial nerves and their Roman numeral. 2. What is Cranial Nerve I called, and what does it 3. Scientists who are trying to find a way to make neurons divide to heal nerve injuries often study
Human Anatomy and Physiology I Laboratory
Human Anatomy and Physiology I Laboratory Histology of Nervous Tissue and The Spinal Cord This lab involves two laboratory exercises: 1) Histology of Nervous Tissue, and 2) Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves,
THE NEURON: A CELL FOR RAPID COMMUNICATION
The only way in which cells communicate is chemically. Communication for a cell means having chemicals moving into and out of it. We will now see how the work of the two organ systems responsible for integration
Version A. AP* Biology: Nervous System. Questions 1 and 2. Name: Period
Name: Period Version A AP* Biology: Nervous System Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by four suggested answers or completions. Select the one that is best in
Biology 201-Worksheet on Nervous System (Answers are in your power point outlines-there is no key!)
Bio 201 Tissues and Skin 1 March 21, 2011 Biology 201-Worksheet on Nervous System (Answers are in your power point outlines-there is no key!) 1. The study of the normal functioning and disorders of the