Neuvous system. Chapter 6.1 neuron and neuroglia cell physiology classes of neurons: different criterion
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1 Chapter 6 Neuvous system Chapter 6.1 neuron and neuroglia cell physiology 611neurons classes of neurons: different criterion afferent, efferent and interneurons Sensory, motor, inter-neurons Exciting and inhibitor neuroglia cells 1
2 2
3 A.photoplasmic astrocytes; B. Fibrous astrocytes, C.microglia, D.oligodendrocytes 3
4 Chapter 6.1 neuron and neuroglia cell physiology physiology of reflex reaction reflex and reflex arc conditioned reflex and no-conditioned reflex reflex arc component reflex circuit characteristics of chemical synaptic transmission 4
5 Chapter 6.1 neuron and neuroglia cell physiology physiology of reflex reaction coordination of reflex reaction induction---reciprocal inhibition irradiation principle of final common path dominant principle the coordination of high center feedback: negative and positive 5
6 6
7 Chapter 6.2 motor function of CNS 621motor units and muscle receptors motor unit muscle and tendon receptors stretch reflex tendon reflex: muscle tonus: spindle Golgi tendon organ 7
8 8
9 9
10 Chapter 6.2 motor function of CNS 622the spinal cord mediates reflex activity Monosynaptic and polysynaptic spinal reflex γ circle:significant the inverse stretch reflex flexor withdrawal reflex ( 屈肌反射 ) crossed extension reflex( 对侧伸肌反射 ) spinal shock 10
11 11
12 Chapter 6.2 motor function of CNS 623brainstem in the control of movement reticular formation function decerebrate rigidity red nucleus vestibular nuclei reticular formation 12
13 Chapter 6.2 motor function of CNS cerebral cortex in the control of movement motor cortex: primary motor area all of the cortical motor areas are topographically organized supplementary motor cortex corticospinal i tract t is the descending di cortical motor pathway medullary pyramids extrapyramidal system 13
14 14
15 15
16 Chapter 6.2 motor function of CNS basal ganglia in the control of movement basal ganglia Striatum,Globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, and substantia nigra control function Parkinson s disease Athetosis, under-muscle tonus 16
17 SNc:substantia nigra 黑质纹状体环路示意图 17
18 Chapter 6.2 motor function of CNS cerebellum in the control of movement three functional division Vestibulocerebellum Spinocerebellum Cerebrocerebellum 18
19 19
20 Chapter 6.3 autonomic nervous system Overview of the autonomic nervous system Anatomy Functional characteristics of ANS Dual innervation With actions that usually oppose each other Chemical transmission: Ach and NE Chapter 6.3 autonomic nervous system 632The sympathetic nervous system sympathetic division innervates all organs of the body sympathetic division is anatomically designed to permit a generalized response to stress parasympathetic nervous system 20
21 Chapter 6.3 autonomic nervous system 633Central integration of ANS simplest autonomic reflex has no center of integration ANS ganglia are sites of integration of reflexes CNS coordinates reflexes involving both the somatic and ANS 21
22 Chapter 6.4 Sensory function of CNS 641sensory projecting pathway spinal and brainstem pathways dorsal column-medial lemniscal system: tactile, arm proprioception(skin, muscle and spindle, deep sensation) decussation in medulla anterolateral system: pain, temperature and much lesser tactile: decussation in spinal cord specific projection system nonspecific sensory projection system 22
23 23
24 ( 深部感觉 : 触 压 振动 关节 ) 薄束 楔束核 ( 浅感觉 : 痛温 触压 ) 24
25 6.4.1 sensory projecting pathway specific projection system sensory relay nuclei connected nuclei nonspecific sensory projection system cells that project widely to cortex 丘脑的特异和非特异投射系统实线为特异 ; 虚线为非特异 25
26 Chapter 6.4 Sensory function of CNS 642sensory cortex 26
27 Chapter 6.5 The higher function of CNS the electroactivities of the cerebral cortex evoked and auto-evoked potential electroencephalogram(eeg) beta waves alpha waves theta waves delta waves the mechanism of cortex potential forming 27
28 28
29 29
30 Chapter 6.5 The higher function of CNS 652conditioned reflex theory the formation of condition reflex classical conditional reflex operant conditioning the characteristics of conditional reflex extinction of conditional reflex Human s conditioned reflex first and second signal system 30
31 31
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