Anatomy of a Neuron. Copyright 2000 by BSCS and Videodiscovery, Inc. Permission granted for classroom use. Updated Master 2.
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1 Anatomy of a Neuron Master 2.1
2 Neurons Interact with Other Neurons through Synapses Master 2.2
3 Name Date Due Cells of the Nervous System Learning Target: Identify and state the function of the components of nervous tissue. (K) A. Label the diagram of a neuron using the words cell body, axon, dendrite, nucleus, Node of Ranvier and myelin sheath. B. Answer the following questions. 7. Another name for a neuron is a The two main types of cells that make up the nervous system are and The 3 main parts of a neuron are the, and. 13. The structure inside of the cell body and visible under the microscope is the. 14. The numerous short fibers that carry impulses to the cell body are the. 15. The single long fiber carrying impulses from the cell body is the. 16. The covering around an axon is called the. 17. Neurons in the CNS cannot undergo mitosis. Why is this significant? However, it should be noted that peripheral nerves can regenerate if they are severed. 18. Neuroglial cells are able to undergo mitosis. When can this be a problem?
4 C. Label the diagram of nerve cells found in the central nervous system using the following words: ependymal cell, astrocyte, neuron cell body, oligodendrocyte, microglial cell, capillary, axon, myelin sheath, node of Ranvier Fill in the chart comparing supporting cells of the nervous system. Neuroglial Cells Microglial cells Oligodendrocytes Astrocytes Ependymal cells Schwann cells Location: CNS or PNS Function
5 Neurotransmission Name(s) Date Master 2.5
6 Neurotransmitter Actions Name(s) Date The following diagrams represent recordings of the electrical activity of a neuron over a period of time. Each vertical line on the diagram represents an electrical impulse, or action potential, occurring in the neuron. The first diagram represents a neuron at rest. For the other recordings, a solution containing neurotransmitter was applied to the neuron. 1. Why is saline applied to the resting neuron? 2. When the neurotransmitter glutamate is applied to the neuron, how does its activity change? 3. How does the application of the two neurotransmitters, glutamate and GABA, change the activity of the neuron? 4. Predict how the activity of the neuron would change if only GABA was applied to the neuron. 5. Do all neurotransmitters affect a neuron in the same way? 6. How would the application of glutamate to a neuron change the amount of neurotransmitter released from that neuron? How would the application of GABA to a neuron change the amount of neurotransmitter released from that neuron? Master 2.7
7 Neurons in Series Name(s) Date Using what you have learned about the effects of the neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA, determine how the different signals that affect Neuron #1 can change the release of the neurotransmitter dopamine from Neuron #2. Use the chart to help you work through the cases. You can use a down arrow to indicate a decrease or an up arrow to indicate an increase. A. The signaling molecule is inhibitory. Neuron #1 releases glutamate as its neurotransmitter. Neuron #2 releases dopamine as its neurotransmitter. Copyright by BSCS and Videodiscovery, Inc. Permission g ranted for classroom use. Updated B. The signaling molecule is excitatory. Neuron #1 releases glutamate as its neurotransmitter. Neuron #2 releases dopamine as its neurotransmitter. C. The signaling molecule is inhibitory. Neuron #1 releases GABA as its neurotransmitter. Neuron #2 releases dopamine as its neurotransmitter. Master 2.8a
8 D. The signaling molecule is excitatory. Neuron #1 releases GABA as its neurotransmitter. Neuron #2 releases dopamine as its neurotransmitter. Case A B C D signal molecule excite or inhibit Neuron #1? activity of Neuron #1 increase or decrease? amount of neurotransmitter released from Neuron #1 increase or decrease? What is the name of the neurotransmitter released from Neuron #1? Is the neurotransmitter released from Neuron #1 excitatory or inhibitory? activity of Neuron #2 increase or decrease? amount of dopamine released from Neuron #2 increase or decrease? Master 2.8b
Anatomy of a Neuron. Copyright 2000 by BSCS and Videodiscovery, Inc. Permission granted for classroom use. Master 2.1
Anatomy of a Neuron Master 2.1 Neurons Interact With Other Neurons Through Synapses Master 2.2 How Do Neurons Communicate? 1 2 3 4 5 6 Master 2.3 Neurons Communicate by Neurotransmission Neurons communicate
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