A Persian version of the sustained auditory attention capacity test and its results in normal children

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1 Audiol. 2013;22(1): Research Article A Persian version of the sustained auditory attention capacity test and its results in normal children Sanaz Soltanparast 1, Zahra Jafari 2, Seyed Jalal Sameni 1, Masoud Salehi Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran 2 - Department of Basic Sciences in Rehabilitation, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran 3 - Department of Statistics and Mathematics, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran Received: 24 June 2012, accepted: 13 August 2012 Abstract Background and Aim: Sustained attention refers to the ability to maintain attention in target stimuli over a sustained period of time. This study was conducted to develop a Persian version of the sustained auditory attention capacity test and to study its results in normal children. Methods: To develop the Persian version of the sustained auditory attention capacity test, like the original version, speech stimuli were used. The speech stimuli consisted of one hundred monosyllabic words consisting of a 20 times random of and repetition of the words of a 21-word list of monosyllabic words, which were randomly grouped together. The test was carried out at comfortable hearing level using binaural, and diotic presentation modes on 46 normal children of 7 to 11 years of age of both gender. Results: There was a significant difference between age, and an average of impulsiveness error score (p=0.004) and total score of sustained auditory attention capacity test (p=0.005). No significant difference was revealed between age, and an average of inattention error score and attention reduction span index. Gender did not have a significant impact on various indicators of the test. Conclusion: The results of this test on a group of normal hearing children confirmed its ability to measure sustained auditory attention capacity through speech stimuli. Keywords: Sustained auditory attention, impulsiveness error, inattention error, speech stimulus, children Corresponding author: Department of Basic Sciences in Rehabilitation, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Nezam Alley, Shahid Shahnazari St., Madar Square, Mirdamad Blvd., Tehran, , Iran. Tel: , z_jafari@tums.ac.ir

2 : : (p=0/050) (p=0/004) :.. :. : (91/5/23 : 91/4/4 : ).(4).(4).(1).(1).(2).(3) : z_jafari@tums.ac.ir : :

3 87 (2007) Feniman (5) (9). (4).(5).(9 4) (3) Feniman (1).(1). (Continuous Performance Test:.(6 5) CPT).(5) P300.(7).(8) Feniman 2007 (Sustained Auditory Attention Capacity Test: SAACT).(5) ( ).(5) (inattentive error) (impulsive error) (attention reduction span).(5)

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6 90.(3). (2010) Feniman (9). (2007) Feniman SAACT (2007) Feniman. ) 230 (1980) Levy.(5) ( (CPT).(11) CPT.. CPT.... Aylward (2007) Feniman 1 1/00 2/00 2/50 0/00 0/00 0/00 (n=46) ( ) 1/09 (1/532) 2/07 (1/971) 3/15 (2/716) 0/11 (0/315) 0/28 (0/502) 0/17 (0/570) 2... SAACT. (p>0/05).(3 ).(9).(3)

7 91 2 ( ) p 10-10/11 (n=11) 9-9/11 (n=12) 8-8/11 (n=12) 7-7/11 (n=11) 0/101 0/55 (0/934) 1/25 (1/485) 0/58 (0/900) 2/00 (2/191) 0/004 0/73 (0/905) 1/67 (1/826) 2/42 (2/234) 3/45 (1/753) 0/005 1/27 (1/272) 2/92 (2/503) 3/00 (2/594) 5/45 (2/734) 0/900 0/09 (0/302) 0/17 (0/389) 0/25 (0/452) 0/18 (0/982) CPT... (2007) Feniman.(5)...(5) 11 9 (5 3) (1980) Levy (2001) Someya (2002) (2002) Aylward.( ) ( %25 %75) 634.(3) Someya.(3) (2001) 34 ( %72 %28) /9.(12) 32.(12) (1980) Levy.(11) 66 (2003) Hagelthorn 10/9 56/2.(13).(13)

8 92 3 (n=24) (n=22) p ( ) ( ) 0/539 0/83 (1/049) 1/36 (1/916) 0/814 2/04 (1/829) 2/09 (2/158) 0/714 2/88 (2/290) 3/45 (3/143) 0/316 0/08 (0/504) 0/27 (0/631) 55 (2010).(4) Groot (1999) Chaucer..(15 14) (2004) (1999) Chaucer ) ( Chaucer.(14) (1999) (2004) Groot.(14) 237 5/8 (15).(5) CPT... Feniman 280 Feniman 2007.(9 5 4) 11 6 ( ).(5) (2010) Feniman 60.(9) 11 7.(9) Feniman Lemos

9 93 ) (.. 90/ /260/ /07/ ) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity ) (Disorder: ADHD ( (Aphasia) (Dyslexia). REFERENCES 1. Medwetsky L. Mechanisms underlying central auditory processing. In: Katz J, Medwetsky L, Burkard R, Hood L, editors. Handbook of clinical audiology. 6 th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; p Sohlberg MM, Mateer CA. Improving attention and managing attentional problems. Adapting rehabilitation techniques to adults with ADD. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001; 931: Aylward GP, Brager P, Harper DC. Relations between visual and auditory continuous performance tests in a clinical population: a descriptive study. Dev Neuropsychol. 2002;21(3): Lemos IC, Feniman MR. Sustained Auditory Attention Ability Test (SAAAT) in sevenyear-old children with cleft lip and palate. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;76(2): Feniman MR, Ortelan RR, Lauris JR, Campos CF, Cruz MS. A proposed behavioral tool to assess sustained auditory attention. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2007;73(4): Cornblatt BA, Risch NJ, Faris G, Friedman D, Erlenmeyer-Kimling L. The Continuous Performance Test, identical pairs version (CPT-IP): I. New findings about sustained attention in normal families. Psychiatry Res.1988;26(2): Coull JT. Neural correlates of attention and arousal: insights from electrophysiology,

10 94 functional neuroimaging and psychopharmacology. Prog Neurobiol. 1998;55(4): Barry RJ, Johnstone SJ, Clarke AR. A review of electrophysiology in attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder: II. Eventrelated potentials. Clin Neurophysiol. 2003;114(2): Mondelli MF, Carvalho FR, Feniman MR, Lauris JR. Mild hearing loss: performance in the Sustained Auditory Attention Ability Test. Pro Fono. 2010;22(3): Gelfand SA. Essentials of audiology. 2 nd ed. New York: Thieme Publishing Group; Levy F. The development of sustained attention (vigilance) and inhibition in children: some normative data. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1980;21(1): Someya T, Sakado K, Seki T, Kojima M, Reist C, Tang SW, et al. The Japanese version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, 11 th version (BIS-11): its reliability and validity. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2001;55(2): Hagelthorn KM, Hiemenz JR, Pillion JP, Mahone EM. Age and task parameters in continuous performance tests for preschoolers. Percept Mot Skills. 2003;96(3 Pt 1): Lin CC, Hsiao CK, Chen WJ. Development of sustained attention assessed using the continuous performance test among children 6-15 years of age. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1999;27(5): Groot AS, de Sonneville LM, Stins JF, Boomsma DI. Familial influences on sustained attention and inhibition in preschoolers. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2004;45(2):

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