DO NOW: ANSWER ON PG 73

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "DO NOW: ANSWER ON PG 73"

Transcription

1 DO NOW: ANSWER ON PG Name 1 neurotransmitter that we have learned about. 2. Draw a basic graph of a neuron action potential. Label resting potential, threshold, depolarization, and repolarization

2 NERVE PATHWAYS How and where impulses travel. Nerve pathways must cross the synaptic cleft Auditory Nerve Pathway

3 SYNAPSE The junction between any 2 communicating neurons. The neurons at a synapse are not in direct physical contact, but are separated by a gap called a synaptic cleft

4 NEUROTRANSMITTERS A chemical substance that is released at the end of a nerve fiver by the arrival of a nerve impulse and, by diffusing across the synapse or junction, causing the transfer of the impulse to another nerve fiber, muscle fiber or some other structure.

5 RESTING POTENTIAL The potential difference between the region inside the membrane and the region outside the membrane

6 THRESHOLD POTENTIAL If neurons are depolarized sufficiently, the membrane potential reaches a level called the threshold potential, wich is approx. -55 millivolts

7 ACTION POTENTIAL When threshold is reached, an action potential results, which is the basis for the nerve impulse

8 EXCITATORY Neurotransmitters that increase postsynaptic membrane permeability to sodium ions and bring the postsynaptic membrane closer to threshold and possibly trigger nerve impulses

9 INHIBITORY Neurotransmitters that make it less likely that threshold will be reached

10 NEURONAL POOLS In the CNS, groups of neurons that make hundreds of synaptic connections with each other and work together to perform a common function

11 FACILITATION A state where the net effect is excitatory but subthreshold, and an impulse is not triggered, but the neuron is more excitable to incoming stimulation than before

12 CONVERGENCE When axons originating from different parts of the nervous system and leading to the same neuron make it possible for impulses to have an additive effect on the neuron

13 DIVERGENCE When impulses leaving a neuron of a neuronal pool pass into several other output neurons; can amplify an impulse

14 YOUR BRAIN ON DRUGS: MARIJUANA RFN9ORG 1. What are the most common substances humans use to alter their state of mind? 2. How long does it take for neurons to communicate? 3. How do marijuana molecules differ from alcohol molecules in our brain? 4. Name 1 effect marijuana has on your brain.

15 YOUR BRAIN ON DRUGS: ALCOHOL 7XFTWJO 1. What does alcohol do quickly and well? 2. neurons use glutamate and neurons use GABA 3. Name 1 less thing your body does when introduced to alcohol. 4. Alcohol makes you think clearly about almost

16 BOOKWORK 20 MINUTES TO COMPLETE (Pg 73 in Journals) Pg 225 # Pg 226 # Pg 227 # 23-24

17 1. What are the 2 major types of cells that form nervous tissue? Neurons and neuroglial cells 2. What are the 2 major subdivisions of the nervous system? CNS and PNS 3. How do sensory receptors collect information? Detect changes inside and outside the body; monitor external environmental factors, such as light and sound intensities, and conditions of the body s internal environment, such as temperature an oxygen level 4. How does the CNS integrate incoming information? Sensory receptors convert environmental info into nerve impulses, which are then transmitted over peripheral nerves to the CNS. There, the signals are integrated creating sensations, adding to memory, or helping produce thoughts that translate sensations into perceptions.

18 5. What are the 2 types of motor functions of the nervous system? somatic nervous system (controls skeletal muscle) Autonomic nervous system (controls involuntary effectors) 6. List the functions of the cells that support neurons. provide structural framework, produce the components of the electrical insulator myelin, and carry on phagocytosis. 7. Distinguish among the types of neuroglial cells in the central nervous system. Microglial, Oligodendrocytes, Astrocytes, Ependymal Cells 8. What is the function of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system? Form a myelin sheath around axons

19 9. Distinguish between a dendrite and an axon. Dendrite: cytoplasm-filled, conduct nerve impulses to the neuron cell body Axon: conducts impulses away 10. Describe the components of a neuron cell body: cytoplasm, cell membrane, organelles dendrites: short and highly branched axon: single structure, may give off side branches 11. Describe how a myelin sheath forms. produced by Schwann cells, wind tightly around axons, many layers of cell membrane, little to no cytoplasm 12. Explain why axons of peripheral nerves can regenerate, but axons of the CNS nerves cannot. PNS nerves contain a neurilemmal which make regeneration possible.

20 13. Name 3 groups of neurons based on structure and 3 groups based on function Structure: Multipolar, bipolar, unipolar Function: Sensory, Interneurons, motor neurons 14. Describe the events that occur at the synapse. Nerve impulses cross the synaptic cleft between neurons; the synapse is between an axon and dendrite or axon and cell body. Sender = presynaptic neuron receiver = postsynaptic neuron. Synaptic transmission is a one-way process carried out by neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft and react with specific receptors on the postsynaptic neuron membrane. 15. Summarize how a nerve fiber becomes polarized. More sodium ions outside the membrane and more potassium ions inside 16. List the major events of an action potential. a) at rest, the membrane potential is negative b) When the membrane reaches threshold, sodium channels open, some sodium diffuses in, and the membrane is depolarized c) soon afterward, potassium channels open, potassium diffuses out, and the membrane is repolarized

21 17. What is the relationship between action potentials and nerve impulses? A wave of action potentials along nerve axons constitute the nerve impulse 18. Explain how impulse conduction differs in myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers. Myelin insulates and prevents almost all ion flow through the membrane it encloses. A nerve impulse traveling along a myelinated axon appears to jump from node to node; many times faster than an unmyelinated axon. 19. Define all-or-none response as it relates to nerve impulse conduction. If a neuron responds at all, it responds completely. A greater intensity of stimulation does not produce a stronger impulse, but rather, more impulses per second. 20. Distinguish between the actions of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters Excitatory neurons increase postsynaptic membrane permeability to sodium ions, bringing the membrane closer to threshold. Inhibitory neurons make it less likely that threshold will be reached.

22 21. What types of chemicals function as neurotransmitters acetylcholines, monoamines, amino acids, and neuropeptides 22. What are possible fates of neurotransmitters? decomposed by enzymes, transported back into the synaptic knob that released them or into nearby neurons or neuroglial cells 23. Define neuronal pool. Groups of neurons in the CNS that make hundreds of synaptic connections with each other and work together to perform a common function 24. Distinguish between convergence and divergence. convergence: axons originating from different parts of the nervous system and leading to the same neuron. Create an additive effect on a neuron divergence: neurons of a neuronal pool that pass into several other output neurons. Amplifies an impulse

Unit Three. I. General Functions of the Nervous System. I. General Functions of the Nervous System

Unit Three. I. General Functions of the Nervous System. I. General Functions of the Nervous System 10 Refer to the following URLs. It is a good idea to print them and bring them to class. Be sure to study these along with your book. http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/nervous.html http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/ap.html

More information

10.1: Introduction. Cell types in neural tissue: Neurons Neuroglial cells (also known as neuroglia, glia, and glial cells) Dendrites.

10.1: Introduction. Cell types in neural tissue: Neurons Neuroglial cells (also known as neuroglia, glia, and glial cells) Dendrites. 10.1: Introduction Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Cell types in neural tissue: Neurons Neuroglial cells (also known as neuroglia, glia, and glial

More information

The Nervous System & Nervous tissue. Dr. Ali Ebneshahidi

The Nervous System & Nervous tissue. Dr. Ali Ebneshahidi The Nervous System & Nervous tissue Dr. Ali Ebneshahidi Functions of the Nervous System 1. Nervous system and endocrine system are the chief control centers in maintaining body homeostasis. 2. Nervous

More information

Functions of Nervous System Neuron Structure

Functions of Nervous System Neuron Structure Chapter 10 Nervous System I Divisions of the Nervous System Cell Types of Neural Tissue neurons neuroglial cells Central Nervous System brain spinal cord Peripheral Nervous System nerves cranial nerves

More information

Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Eleventh Edition. Chapter 10

Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Eleventh Edition. Chapter 10 PowerPoint Lecture Outlines to accompany Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Eleventh Edition Shier Butler Lewis Chapter 10 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction

More information

Nervous System. 2. Receives information from the environment from CNS to organs and glands. 1. Relays messages, processes info, analyzes data

Nervous System. 2. Receives information from the environment from CNS to organs and glands. 1. Relays messages, processes info, analyzes data Nervous System 1. Relays messages, processes info, analyzes data 2. Receives information from the environment from CNS to organs and glands 3. Transmits impulses from CNS to muscles and glands 4. Transmits

More information

The Nervous System. Nervous System Functions 1. gather sensory input 2. integration- process and interpret sensory input 3. cause motor output

The Nervous System. Nervous System Functions 1. gather sensory input 2. integration- process and interpret sensory input 3. cause motor output The Nervous System Nervous System Functions 1. gather sensory input 2. integration- process and interpret sensory input 3. cause motor output The Nervous System 2 Parts of the Nervous System 1. central

More information

Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Tenth Edition. Chapter 10

Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Tenth Edition. Chapter 10 PowerPoint Lecture Outlines to accompany Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Tenth Edition Shier Butler Lewis Chapter 10 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or

More information

Outline. Neuron Structure. Week 4 - Nervous System. The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses

Outline. Neuron Structure. Week 4 - Nervous System. The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses Outline Week 4 - The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses Neurons Neuron structures Types of neurons Electrical activity of neurons Depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization Synapses Release of

More information

Chapter 11: Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

Chapter 11: Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Chapter 11: Nervous System and Nervous Tissue I. Functions and divisions of the nervous system A. Sensory input: monitor changes in internal and external environment B. Integrations: make decisions about

More information

Neurons Chapter 7 2/19/2016. Learning Objectives. Cells of the Nervous System. Cells of the Nervous System. Cells of the Nervous System

Neurons Chapter 7 2/19/2016. Learning Objectives. Cells of the Nervous System. Cells of the Nervous System. Cells of the Nervous System Learning Objectives Neurons Chapter 7 Identify and describe the functions of the two main divisions of the nervous system. Differentiate between a neuron and neuroglial cells in terms of structure and

More information

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling The Neuron is the functional unit of the nervous system. Neurons are composed of a cell body, which contains the nucleus and organelles; Dendrites which are extensions

More information

Chapter 9. Nervous System

Chapter 9. Nervous System Chapter 9 Nervous System Central Nervous System (CNS) vs. Peripheral Nervous System(PNS) CNS Brain Spinal cord PNS Peripheral nerves connecting CNS to the body Cranial nerves Spinal nerves Neurons transmit

More information

Chapter 11: Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Chapter 11: Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue Chapter 11: Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue I. Functions of the Nervous System A. List and describe the five major nervous system functions: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. II. Divisions of the Nervous System

More information

The Nervous System 7PART A. PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College

The Nervous System 7PART A. PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College The Nervous System 7PART A Functions of the Nervous System Sensory input gathering information To monitor

More information

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Chapter 48 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions

More information

Chapter 17 Nervous System

Chapter 17 Nervous System Chapter 17 Nervous System 1 The Nervous System Two Anatomical Divisions Central Nervous System (CNS) Brain and Spinal Cord Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Two Types of Cells Neurons Transmit nerve impulses

More information

1. Name the two major divisions of the nervous system and list the organs within each. Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System

1. Name the two major divisions of the nervous system and list the organs within each. Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System CHAPTER 10: NERVOUS SYSTEM I OBJECTIVES 1. Name the two major divisions of the nervous system and list the organs within each. Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System Brain Spinal Cord Cranial

More information

Nervous System. Master controlling and communicating system of the body. Secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters

Nervous System. Master controlling and communicating system of the body. Secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters Nervous System Master controlling and communicating system of the body Interacts with the endocrine system to control and coordinate the body s responses to changes in its environment, as well as growth,

More information

Nervous tissue, charachteristics, neurons, glial cells

Nervous tissue, charachteristics, neurons, glial cells Nervous tissue, charachteristics, neurons, glial cells Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue The Nervous System Components Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors Responsible for Sensory perceptions,

More information

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue. Nervous tissue, charachteristics, neurons, glial cells. The Nervous System. The Nervous System 21/12/2010

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue. Nervous tissue, charachteristics, neurons, glial cells. The Nervous System. The Nervous System 21/12/2010 Nervous tissue, charachteristics, neurons, glial cells Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue The Nervous System Components Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors Responsible for Sensory perceptions,

More information

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. Neurons & Impulses

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. Neurons & Impulses THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Neurons & Impulses Organization of the Nervous System: Two Major Portions: The central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). CNS = Brain/Spinal Cord PNS = Nerves-provide

More information

Chapter 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Chapter Outline

Chapter 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Chapter Outline Chapter 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Chapter Outline Module 11.1 Overview of the Nervous System (Figures 11.1-11.3) A. The nervous system controls our perception and experience

More information

Nervous System. Chapter 9 Pages

Nervous System. Chapter 9 Pages Nervous System Chapter 9 Pages 211-257 Chapter 9 Wordbytes 1. af- = toward 11. -ferrent = carried 2. arachn- = spider 12. gangli- = swelling 3. astro- = star 13. -glia = glue 4. auto- = self 14. mening-

More information

Neurophysiology scripts. Slide 2

Neurophysiology scripts. Slide 2 Neurophysiology scripts Slide 2 Nervous system and Endocrine system both maintain homeostasis in the body. Nervous system by nerve impulse and Endocrine system by hormones. Since the nerve impulse is an

More information

Warm-Up. Label the parts of the neuron below.

Warm-Up. Label the parts of the neuron below. Warm-Up Label the parts of the neuron below. A B C D E F G Warm-Up 1. One neuron transmits a nerve impulse at 40 m/s. Another conducts at the rate of 1 m/s. Which neuron has a myelinated axon? 2. List

More information

Study Guide Answer Key Nervous System

Study Guide Answer Key Nervous System Biology 12 Human Biology Textbook: BC Biology 12 Study Guide Answer Key Nervous System 1. Draw a neuron, label 3 parts and give the function of those parts. Dendrite: carry signals to the cell body Cell

More information

Outline. Animals: Nervous system. Neuron and connection of neurons. Key Concepts:

Outline. Animals: Nervous system. Neuron and connection of neurons. Key Concepts: Animals: Nervous system Neuron and connection of neurons Outline 1. Key concepts 2. An Overview and Evolution 3. Human Nervous System 4. The Neurons 5. The Electrical Signals 6. Communication between Neurons

More information

35-2 The Nervous System Slide 1 of 38

35-2 The Nervous System Slide 1 of 38 1 of 38 35-2 The Nervous System The nervous system controls and coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. 2 of 38 Neurons Neurons The messages carried by

More information

You can follow the path of the neural signal. The sensory neurons detect a stimulus in your finger and send that information to the CNS.

You can follow the path of the neural signal. The sensory neurons detect a stimulus in your finger and send that information to the CNS. 1 Nervous system maintains coordination through the use of electrical and chemical processes. There are three aspects: sensory, motor, and integrative, which we will discuss throughout the system. The

More information

Anatomy of a Neuron. Copyright 2000 by BSCS and Videodiscovery, Inc. Permission granted for classroom use. Updated Master 2.

Anatomy of a Neuron. Copyright 2000 by BSCS and Videodiscovery, Inc. Permission granted for classroom use. Updated Master 2. Anatomy of a Neuron Master 2.1 Neurons Interact with Other Neurons through Synapses Master 2.2 Name Date Due Cells of the Nervous System Learning Target: Identify and state the function of the components

More information

Major Structures of the Nervous System. Brain, cranial nerves, spinal cord, spinal nerves, ganglia, enteric plexuses and sensory receptors

Major Structures of the Nervous System. Brain, cranial nerves, spinal cord, spinal nerves, ganglia, enteric plexuses and sensory receptors Major Structures of the Nervous System Brain, cranial nerves, spinal cord, spinal nerves, ganglia, enteric plexuses and sensory receptors Nervous System Divisions Central Nervous System (CNS) consists

More information

The Nervous System : communication

The Nervous System : communication The Nervous System : communication A. Neurons = masses of nerve cells that transmit information 1. Cell Body - contains the nucleus and two extensions 2. Dendrites shorter, more numerous, receive information

More information

Meyers' A&P February 15, Unit 7. The Nervous System. I. Functions of the Nervous System. Monitors body's internal and external enviornments

Meyers' A&P February 15, Unit 7. The Nervous System. I. Functions of the Nervous System. Monitors body's internal and external enviornments Unit 7 The Nervous System I. Functions of the Nervous System Monitors body's internal and external enviornments Integrates sensory information Coordinates voluntary & involuntary responses of many other

More information

The Nervous System : communication

The Nervous System : communication The Nervous System : communication A. Neurons = masses of nerve cells that transmit information 1. Cell Body - contains the nucleus and two extensions 2. Dendrites shorter, more numerous, receive information

More information

General Functions (3) 1.Sensory gathers information 2.Integrative information is brought together 3.Motor responds to signals, homeostasis

General Functions (3) 1.Sensory gathers information 2.Integrative information is brought together 3.Motor responds to signals, homeostasis Nervous System Responsible for being aware of the world, coordinating body functions and maintaining homeostasis Information from inside and outside the body is brought to the brain and spinal cord, stimulating

More information

6.5 Nerves, Hormones and Homeostasis

6.5 Nerves, Hormones and Homeostasis 6.5 Nerves, Hormones and Homeostasis IB Biology SL Part 1 - Nerves Outcomes Part 1 6.5.1State that the nervous system consists of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nerves, and is composed

More information

Chapter 12 Nervous Tissue. Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1

Chapter 12 Nervous Tissue. Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1 Chapter 12 Nervous Tissue Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1 Terms to Know CNS PNS Afferent division Efferent division Somatic nervous system Autonomic nervous system Sympathetic nervous system Parasympathetic

More information

D) around, bypassing B) toward

D) around, bypassing B) toward Nervous System Practice Questions 1. Which of the following are the parts of neurons? A) brain, spinal cord, and vertebral column B) dendrite, axon, and cell body C) sensory and motor D) cortex, medulla

More information

sensory input receptors integration Human Anatomy motor output Ch. 7 effectors Structural classification

sensory input receptors integration Human Anatomy motor output Ch. 7 effectors Structural classification Human Anatomy Ch. 7 I. The Nervous System A. General characteristics 1. body s control & communication center a. 3 overlapping functions 1) sensory input: receptors monitor stimuli 2) integration: processes,

More information

Human Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 11: Neural Tissue & The Nervous System

Human Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 11: Neural Tissue & The Nervous System Human Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 11: Neural Tissue & The Nervous System Question No. 1 of 10 The human body contains different types of tissue. The tissue is formed into organs and organ systems.

More information

Endocrine System Nervous System

Endocrine System Nervous System Cells Endocrine System Nervous System Tissues Controls Organs Nervous System vs Endocrine System Electrical signals (graded potentials and action potentials) and chemical signals (neurotransmitters) Fast

More information

Concept 48.1 Neuron organization and structure reflect function in information transfer

Concept 48.1 Neuron organization and structure reflect function in information transfer Name Chapter 48: Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Period Chapter 48: Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Concept 48.1 Neuron organization and structure reflect function in information transfer 1. What is

More information

Axon Nerve impulse. Axoplasm Receptor. Axomembrane Stimuli. Schwann cell Effector. Myelin Cell body

Axon Nerve impulse. Axoplasm Receptor. Axomembrane Stimuli. Schwann cell Effector. Myelin Cell body Nervous System Review 1. Explain a reflex arc. 2. Know the structure, function and location of a sensory neuron, interneuron, and motor neuron 3. What is (a) Neuron Axon Nerve impulse Axoplasm Receptor

More information

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF NEURONS. AP Biology Chapter 48

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF NEURONS. AP Biology Chapter 48 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF NEURONS AP Biology Chapter 48 Objectives Describe the different types of neurons Describe the structure and function of dendrites, axons, a synapse, types of ion channels, and

More information

Nervous System. Electrical Signals.III Signal Transmission at Synapses Neurotransmitters.V Neural Circuits.VI

Nervous System. Electrical Signals.III Signal Transmission at Synapses Neurotransmitters.V Neural Circuits.VI Nervous System Overview.I Histology.II Electrical Signals.III Signal Transmission at Synapses Neurotransmitters.V Neural Circuits.VI Repairs.VII Pathology.VIII.IV 1 Controls and integrates all body activities

More information

Chapter 4 Neuronal Physiology

Chapter 4 Neuronal Physiology Chapter 4 Neuronal Physiology V edit. Pg. 99-131 VI edit. Pg. 85-113 VII edit. Pg. 87-113 Input Zone Dendrites and Cell body Nucleus Trigger Zone Axon hillock Conducting Zone Axon (may be from 1mm to more

More information

NERVOUS SYSTEM CELLS. a. afferent division CHAPTER 12 ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. Student Name

NERVOUS SYSTEM CELLS. a. afferent division CHAPTER 12 ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. Student Name Student Name CHAPTER 12 NERVOUS SYSTEM CELLS T he nervous system organizes and coordinates the millions of impulses received each day to make communication with and enjoyment of our environment possible.

More information

Endocrine System Nervous System

Endocrine System Nervous System Cells Endocrine System Nervous System Tissues Controls Organs Nervous System vs Endocrine System Electrical signals (graded potentials and action potentials) and chemical signals (neurotransmitters) Fast

More information

The Brain & Homeostasis. The Brain & Technology. CAT, PET, and MRI Scans

The Brain & Homeostasis. The Brain & Technology. CAT, PET, and MRI Scans The Brain & Homeostasis Today, scientists have a lot of information about what happens in the different parts of the brain; however they are still trying to understand how the brain functions. We know

More information

Neurophysiology. Corresponding textbook pages: ,

Neurophysiology. Corresponding textbook pages: , Neurophysiology Corresponding textbook pages: 436-440, 442-455 Organization Helps maintain homeostasis in the body Nervous system and endocrine system Nervous system is faster due to nerve impulses 1 Fig.

More information

Introduction to Neurobiology

Introduction to Neurobiology Biology 240 General Zoology Introduction to Neurobiology Nervous System functions: communication of information via nerve signals integration and processing of information control of physiological and

More information

The Nervous System -The master controlling and communicating system of the body

The Nervous System -The master controlling and communicating system of the body The Nervous System -The master controlling and communicating system of the body Functions: -Sensory input -Integration -Motor output Organization of the Nervous System Central nervous system (CNS) -Brain

More information

LECTURE STRUCTURE ASC171 NERVOUS SYSTEM PART 1: BACKGROUND 26/07/2015. Module 5

LECTURE STRUCTURE ASC171 NERVOUS SYSTEM PART 1: BACKGROUND 26/07/2015. Module 5 LECTURE STRUCTURE PART 1: Background / Introduction PART 2: Structure of the NS, how it operates PART 3: CNS PART 4: PNS Why did the action potential cross the synaptic junction? To get to the other side

More information

The Nervous System AP Biology

The Nervous System AP Biology The Nervous System 2005-2006 Neuron (nerve cell) signal direction dendrites cell body Structure fits function, it have many entry points for signal one path out transmits signal Nodes of Ranvier axon signal

More information

Thursday, January 22, Nerve impulse

Thursday, January 22, Nerve impulse Nerve impulse Transmembrane Potential caused by ions moving through cell membrane at different rates Two main ions of concern Na + - Sodium K + - potassium Cell membrane not freely permeable therefore

More information

The Nervous System 12/11/2015

The Nervous System 12/11/2015 The Nervous System Biology 12 Unit 3: Homeostasis December 11, 2015 The nervous system is an elaborate communication system that contains more than 100 billion nerve cells in the brain alone There are

More information

A. Subdivisions of the Nervous System: 1. The two major subdivisions of the nervous system:

A. Subdivisions of the Nervous System: 1. The two major subdivisions of the nervous system: BIO 211: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I 1 Ch 10 A Ch 10 B CHAPTER 10 NERVOUS SYSTEM 1 BASIC STRUCTURE and FUNCTION Dr. Lawrence G. Altman www.lawrencegaltman.com Some illustrations are courtesy of McGraw-Hill.

More information

Chapter 7. The Nervous System

Chapter 7. The Nervous System Chapter 7 The Nervous System General overview of the nervous system functions Sensory input (info travels in along afferent pathways) Integration (information is processed) Sensory neurons Spinal cord

More information

BIOLOGY 2050 LECTURE NOTES ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I (A. IMHOLTZ) FUNDAMENTALS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND NERVOUS TISSUE P1 OF 5

BIOLOGY 2050 LECTURE NOTES ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I (A. IMHOLTZ) FUNDAMENTALS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND NERVOUS TISSUE P1 OF 5 P1 OF 5 The nervous system controls/coordinates the activities of cells, tissues, & organs. The endocrine system also plays a role in control/coordination. The nervous system is more dominant. Its mechanisms

More information

Nerve Cell Flashcards

Nerve Cell Flashcards 1. What does the word innervates mean? Refers to a nerve supplying a muscle or organ. For example, The phrenic nerve innervates the diaphragm muscle. 2. 3 parts of the Nervous System 1. Central Nervous

More information

Ameen Alsaras. Ameen Alsaras. Mohd.Khatatbeh

Ameen Alsaras. Ameen Alsaras. Mohd.Khatatbeh 9 Ameen Alsaras Ameen Alsaras Mohd.Khatatbeh Nerve Cells (Neurons) *Remember: The neural cell consists of: 1-Cell body 2-Dendrites 3-Axon which ends as axon terminals. The conduction of impulse through

More information

What is Anatomy and Physiology?

What is Anatomy and Physiology? Introduction BI 212 BI 213 BI 211 Ecosystems Organs / organ systems Cells Organelles Communities Tissues Molecules Populations Organisms Campbell et al. Figure 1.4 Introduction What is Anatomy and Physiology?

More information

Nervous System. Control center & communication network of the body

Nervous System. Control center & communication network of the body Nervous System Control center & communication network of the body Nervous System Doctor: Neurologist Fxn: Communication through an electrochemical impulse/nerve impulse that works fast to maintain short-term

More information

3) Most of the organelles in a neuron are located in the A) dendritic region. B) axon hillock. C) axon. D) cell body. E) axon terminals.

3) Most of the organelles in a neuron are located in the A) dendritic region. B) axon hillock. C) axon. D) cell body. E) axon terminals. Chapter 48 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Multiple-Choice Questions 1) A simple nervous system A) must include chemical senses, mechanoreception, and vision. B) includes a minimum of 12 ganglia. C) has

More information

NERVOUS SYSTEM 1 CHAPTER 10 BIO 211: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I

NERVOUS SYSTEM 1 CHAPTER 10 BIO 211: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I BIO 211: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I 1 Ch 10 A This set Ch 10 B CHAPTER 10 NERVOUS SYSTEM 1 BASIC STRUCTURE and FUNCTION Dr. Lawrence G. Altman www.lawrencegaltman.com Some illustrations are courtesy of McGraw-Hill.

More information

Overview of the Nervous System A. Subdivisions of the Nervous System: 1. The two major subdivisions of the nervous system:

Overview of the Nervous System A. Subdivisions of the Nervous System: 1. The two major subdivisions of the nervous system: BIO 211: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I 1 Ch 10 A This set Ch 10 B CHAPTER 10 NERVOUS SYSTEM 1 BASIC STRUCTURE and FUNCTION Dr. Lawrence G. Altman www.lawrencegaltman.com Some illustrations are courtesy of McGraw-Hill.

More information

MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE

MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE BMP-218 November 4, 2014 DIVISIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM The nervous system is composed of two primary divisions: 1. CNS - Central Nervous System (Brain + Spinal Cord)

More information

1. 01/20/15 Ch 8: Muscular System /09/15 Ch 9: Nervous System 16

1. 01/20/15 Ch 8: Muscular System /09/15 Ch 9: Nervous System 16 Table of Contents # Date Title Page # 1. 01/20/15 Ch 8: Muscular System 1 2. 02/09/15 Ch 9: Nervous System 16 i 1 Anatomy and Physiology Sem 2 Ch 9 Nervous System.notebook 02/09/15 Ch. 9 Nervous System

More information

Principles of Anatomy and Physiology

Principles of Anatomy and Physiology Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14 th Edition CHAPTER 12 Nervous Tissue Introduction The purpose of the chapter is to: 1. Understand how the nervous system helps to keep controlled conditions within

More information

Neurons. Pyramidal neurons in mouse cerebral cortex expressing green fluorescent protein. The red staining indicates GABAergic interneurons.

Neurons. Pyramidal neurons in mouse cerebral cortex expressing green fluorescent protein. The red staining indicates GABAergic interneurons. Neurons Pyramidal neurons in mouse cerebral cortex expressing green fluorescent protein. The red staining indicates GABAergic interneurons. MBL, Woods Hole R Cheung MSc Bioelectronics: PGEE11106 1 Neuron

More information

Nervous System Review

Nervous System Review Nervous System Review Name: Block: 1. Which processes are involved in the movement of molecule Y from point X to point Z? A. exocytosis and diffusion B. endocytosis and diffusion C. exocytosis and facilitated

More information

Chapter 12: Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

Chapter 12: Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Chapter 12: Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Overview of the NS PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) CNS (Central Nervous System) Neurons Neuroglia Synapse Some nomenclature Developed by

More information

2/27/2019. Functions of the Nervous System. Nervous Tissue and Neuron Function. Fundamentals Of The Nervous System And Nervous Tissue

2/27/2019. Functions of the Nervous System. Nervous Tissue and Neuron Function. Fundamentals Of The Nervous System And Nervous Tissue Nervous Tissue and Neuron Function Fundamentals Of The Nervous System And Nervous Tissue Learn and Understand 1. Like muscle cells, neurons use membrane polarity upset (AP) as a signal therefore keeping

More information

The 7 th lecture. Anatomy and Physiology For the. 1 st Class. By Dr. Ala a Hassan Mirza

The 7 th lecture. Anatomy and Physiology For the. 1 st Class. By Dr. Ala a Hassan Mirza The 7 th lecture In Anatomy and Physiology For the 1 st Class By Dr. Ala a Hassan Mirza Nervous System (part I) The Nerve Tissue and the Nervous System The Tissues of the Body There are 4 types of tissues

More information

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue. Nervous System. Basic Divisions of the Nervous System C H A P T E R 12.

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue. Nervous System. Basic Divisions of the Nervous System C H A P T E R 12. C H A P T E R 12 Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Nervous System Sensory input Integration Motor output Figure 12.1 Basic Divisions of the Nervous System Brain CNS Spinal cord Nerves

More information

Teacher Key. Big Idea Different types of neurons compose the nervous tissue that forms the communication system within the body.

Teacher Key. Big Idea Different types of neurons compose the nervous tissue that forms the communication system within the body. Big Idea Different types of neurons compose the nervous tissue that forms the communication system within the body. Introduction to Neurons An individual s survival and reproductive success depends upon

More information

Nervous Tissue and Histology of CNS

Nervous Tissue and Histology of CNS Nervous Tissue and Histology of CNS Functions of Nervous System Like the CPU of a computer, the nervous system is the master controlling system of the body. It is designed to constantly and rapidly adjust

More information

Biology 201-Worksheet on Nervous System (Answers are in your power point outlines-there is no key!)

Biology 201-Worksheet on Nervous System (Answers are in your power point outlines-there is no key!) Bio 201 Tissues and Skin 1 March 21, 2011 Biology 201-Worksheet on Nervous System (Answers are in your power point outlines-there is no key!) 1. The study of the normal functioning and disorders of the

More information

Biology Dr. Khalida Ibrahim Nervous system The nervous system is responsible for communication between different regions of the body, it is divided

Biology Dr. Khalida Ibrahim Nervous system The nervous system is responsible for communication between different regions of the body, it is divided Biology Dr. Khalida Ibrahim Nervous system The nervous system is responsible for communication between different regions of the body, it is divided into: CNS (central nervous system) = brain + spinal cord

More information

Branches of the Nervous System

Branches of the Nervous System The Nervous System Branches of the Nervous System There are 2 main branches of the nervous system Central Nervous System Brain Spinal Cord Peripheral Nervous System All nerves leading to rest of body Anatomy

More information

BIOLOGY 12 NERVOUS SYSTEM PRACTICE

BIOLOGY 12 NERVOUS SYSTEM PRACTICE 1 Name: BIOLOGY 12 NERVOUS SYSTEM PRACTICE Date: 1) Identify structures X, Y and Z and give one function of each. 2) Which processes are involved in the movement of molecule Y from point X to point Z?

More information

Learning expectations for BIOL 131. Chapters 11, Nervous System Overview Read Chapter 11. You should be able to:

Learning expectations for BIOL 131. Chapters 11, Nervous System Overview Read Chapter 11. You should be able to: NOTE The quiz will have question ONLY from the material we get through on Tuesday. The first midterm will cover all material from day one until the lecture before the second midterm. Learning expectations

More information

ANSWERS TO PRE- LAB ASSIGNMENTS

ANSWERS TO PRE- LAB ASSIGNMENTS Lab 14 Introduction to Nervous System Hamilton ANSWERS TO PRE- LAB ASSIGNMENTS Pre-Lab Activity 1: 1. a. orbicularis oculi b. sternocleidomastoid c. deltoid d. pectoralis major e. biceps brachii f. rectus

More information

The Nervous System PART A

The Nervous System PART A 7 The Nervous System PART A PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB Structural Classification

More information

Function of the Nervous System

Function of the Nervous System Nervous System Function of the Nervous System Receive sensory information, interpret it, and send out appropriate commands to form a response Composed of neurons (functional unit of the nervous system)

More information

Functions of the Nervous System. Fundamentals of the Nervous System & Nervous Tissue

Functions of the Nervous System. Fundamentals of the Nervous System & Nervous Tissue Fundamentals of the Nervous System & Nervous Tissue Overview Structure cell types & structures Neurophysiology membrane potential Synapse, neurotransmitters & receptors Functions of the Nervous System

More information

Collin County Community College BIOL Week 5. Nervous System. Nervous System

Collin County Community College BIOL Week 5. Nervous System. Nervous System Collin County Community College BIOL 2401 Week 5 Nervous System 1 Nervous System The process of homeostasis makes sure that the activities that occur in the body are maintained within normal physiological

More information

Biology 218 Human Anatomy

Biology 218 Human Anatomy Chapter 17 Adapted form Tortora 10 th ed. LECTURE OUTLINE A. Overview of the Nervous System (p. 537) 1. The nervous system and the endocrine system are the body s major control and integrating centers.

More information

The Nervous System: Neural Tissue Pearson Education, Inc.

The Nervous System: Neural Tissue Pearson Education, Inc. 13 The Nervous System: Neural Tissue Introduction Nervous System Characteristics Controls and adjust the activity of the body Provides swift but brief responses The nervous system includes: Central Nervous

More information

Neurobiology. Cells of the nervous system

Neurobiology. Cells of the nervous system Neurobiology Cells of the nervous system Anthony Heape 2010 1 The nervous system Central nervous system (CNS) Peripheral nervous system (PNS) 2 Enteric nervous system (digestive tract, gall bladder and

More information

Chapter 12 Nervous Tissue

Chapter 12 Nervous Tissue 9/12/11 Chapter 12 Nervous Tissue Overview of the nervous system Cells of the nervous system Electrophysiology of neurons Synapses Neural integration Subdivisions of the Nervous System 1 Subdivisions of

More information

AP Biology Unit 6. The Nervous System

AP Biology Unit 6. The Nervous System AP Biology Unit 6 The Nervous System Branches of the Nervous System There are 2 main branches of the nervous system Central Nervous System Brain Spinal Cord Peripheral Nervous System All nerves leading

More information

Unit 2 Notes: Cells & Organization

Unit 2 Notes: Cells & Organization Unit 2 Notes: Cells & Organization (1) Neurons A neuron is a nerve cell. There are 2 types of neurons: Multipolar and Unipolar Every neuron has the same structural parts: Dendrites Receive incoming messages.

More information

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Chapter 8 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Eighth Edition Overview: Lines of Communication The cone snail kills prey with venom that disables neurons Neurons are nerve

More information

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Overview: Lines of Communication Chapter 8 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Fig. 8- The cone snail kills prey with venom that disables neurons Neurons are nerve s that transfer information within the body

More information

Neurons, Synapses and Signaling. Chapter 48

Neurons, Synapses and Signaling. Chapter 48 Neurons, Synapses and Signaling Chapter 48 Warm Up Exercise What types of cells can receive a nerve signal? Nervous Organization Neurons- nerve cells. Brain- organized into clusters of neurons, called

More information

Chapter Six Review Sections 1 and 2

Chapter Six Review Sections 1 and 2 NAME PER DATE Chapter Six Review Sections 1 and 2 Matching: 1. afferent nerves 2. autonomic nervous system 3. cell body 4. central nervous system (CNS) 5. dendrites 6. efferent nerves 7. myelin sheath

More information

Omar Sami. Muhammad Abid. Muhammad khatatbeh

Omar Sami. Muhammad Abid. Muhammad khatatbeh 10 Omar Sami Muhammad Abid Muhammad khatatbeh Let s shock the world In this lecture we are going to cover topics said in previous lectures and then start with the nerve cells (neurons) and the synapses

More information