2/3 x 1 x 1/4 = 2/12 = 1/6

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "2/3 x 1 x 1/4 = 2/12 = 1/6"

Transcription

1 1. Imagine that you are a genetic counselor, and a couple planning to start a family comes to you for assistance. Charles was married once before, and he and his first wife had a child with cystic fibrosis (a recessive disorder). The brother of his current wife, Elaine, died of cystic fibrosis. What is the probability that Charles and Elaine, who do not have the condition, will have a baby with cystic fibrosis? (Neither Charles nor Elaine s parents have cystic fibrosis.) Answer: Probability that Elaine is heterozygous and probability that Charles is heterozygous and the probability a child born with the disorder from heterozygous parents: 2/3 x 1 x 1/4 = 2/12 = 1/6

2 2. If a man with type AB blood marries a woman with type O blood, what possible blood types would you expect in their children? What fraction would you expect of each type? Answer: Given I A I B x ii, I A I B i i I A i I A i I B i I B i Types possible: A (I A i) and B (I B i) à 2/4 (50%) and 2/4 (50%), respectively 3. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited disease caused by a recessive allele. If a woman and her husband, who are both carriers, have three children, what is the probability of each of the following? a) All three children are of normal phenotype. b) One or more of the three children have the disease. c) All three children have the disease. d) At least one child is phenotypically normal.

3 Answers: Given Aa x Aa, A a A AA Aa a Aa aa à ¾ normal (AA and Aa) and ¼ with PKU (aa) a) All three children normal: only one condition/combo satisfies the criterion, normal AND normal AND normal ¾ x ¾ x ¾ = 27/64 b) One or more have PKU: 7 conditions/combos satisfy the criteria à any combo of 1 child of the 3 with PKU, any combo of 2 children of the 3 with PKU, or all 3 with PKU:

4 Child 1 Child 2 Child 3 PKU N N à ¼ x ¾ x ¾ = 9/64 N PKU N à ¾ x ¼ x ¾ = 9/64 any 1 of the 3 with PKU N N PKU à ¾ x ¾ x ¼ = 9/64 PKU PKU N à ¼ x ¼ x ¾ = 3/64 PKU N PKU à ¼ x ¾ x ¼ = 3/64 any 2 of the 3 with PKU N PKU PKU à ¾ x ¼ x ¼ = 3/64 PKU PKU PKU à ¼ x ¼ x ¼ = 1/64 all 3 with PKU Summarized: 1 child of 3 à 9/64 x 3 = 27/64 OR 2 children of 3 à 3/64 x 3 = 9/64 OR 3 children of 3 à 1/64 27/64 + 9/64 + 1/64 = 37/64 Rather than having to go through this laborious process, simply think in terms as it relates to the converse of the question posed in part a. If 27/64 is the probability of having all 3 children normal, then 1 27/64 = 37/64 is the remainder probability of at least one child with PKU. It is analogous to asking the question, what is the probability of rolling a 4 on a standard number cube? followed by the question, what is the probability of rolling any number except 4? Probability of rolling 4 = 1/6 Probability of rolling any number except 4 = 1 1/6 = 5/6 c) All three children have PKU: 37/64 only one condition/combo satisfies the criterion, PKU and PKU and PKU ¼ x ¼ x ¼ = 1/64

5 d) At least one child has the normal phenotype: Again, think of this question in terms of the converse of the question asked in part c. Using the answer from c, you can simply solve for the remainder probability of one or more having a normal phenotype by subtracting the probability of all three having PKU (1/64) from all possibilities (1) à 1 1/64 = 63/64 However, for those that want to account for all combos/conditions that should yield the same probability, let s get technical. 7 conditions/combos satisfy the criteria à any combo of 1 child of the 3 normal, any combo of 2 children of the 3 normal, or all 3 normal: Child 1 Child 2 Child 3 PKU PKU N à ¼ x ¼ x ¾ = 3/64 PKU N PKU à ¼ x ¾ x ¼ = 3/64 any 1 of the 3 normal N PKU PKU à ¾ x ¼ x ¼ = 3/64 PKU N N à ¼ x ¾ x ¾ = 9/64 N PKU N à ¾ x ¼ x ¾ = 9/64 any 2 of the 3 normal N N PKU à ¾ x ¾ x ¼ = 9/64 N N N à ¾ x ¾ x ¾ = 27/64 all 3 normal Summarized: 1 child of 3 à 3/64 x 3 = 9/64 OR 2 children of 3 à 9/64 x 3 = 27/64 OR 3 children of 3 à 27/64 9/ / /64 = 63/64 63/64

6 4. In peas, a gene controls flower color with complete dominance such that P = purple and p = white. In an isolated pea patch population, there are 36 purple-flowering plants and 64 white-flowering plants. Assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium within this population, how many of the purple plants are homozygous (PP) and how many are heterozygous (Pp)? Answer: 64/100 = 0.64 = q 2 (the product/square of two recessive alleles frequencies allelic frequency of q x allelic frequency of q); this is the genotypic frequency of homozygous recessive individuals in the population Therefore, square root of q 2 ( q 2 ) = q à 0.64 = 0.8, the allelic frequency of the recessive allele in the population If q = 0.8, then p =? à p = = 0.2, the allelic frequency of the dominant allele in the population If p is the frequency of the dominant allele, then p 2 is the frequency of homozygous dominant individuals in the population (the product/square of two dominant alleles frequencies allelic frequency of p x allelic frequency of p) à p 2 = (0.2) 2 = x 100 = 4 plants homozygous purple 36 4 = 32 plants heterozygous purple or the expression 2pq can be used to find the frequency of heterozygous individuals within the population 2pq = 2(0.2)(0.8) = x 100 = 32 plants heterozygous purple = 4 plants homozygous purple

Guided Notes: Simple Genetics

Guided Notes: Simple Genetics Punnett Squares Guided Notes: Simple Genetics In order to determine the a person might inherit, we use a simple diagram called a o Give us of an offspring having particular traits Pieces of the Punnett

More information

Meiosis and Genetics

Meiosis and Genetics Meiosis and Genetics Humans have chromosomes in each cell What pattern do you notice in the human karyotype (a technique that organizes chromosomes by type and size)? Humans are diploid 1 Gametes are produced

More information

Lab Activity Report: Mendelian Genetics - Genetic Disorders

Lab Activity Report: Mendelian Genetics - Genetic Disorders Name Date Period Lab Activity Report: Mendelian Genetics - Genetic Disorders Background: Sometimes genetic disorders are caused by mutations to normal genes. When the mutation has been in the population

More information

1. A homozygous yellow pea plant is crossed with a homozygous green pea plant, Knowing that yellow is the dominant trait for pea plants:

1. A homozygous yellow pea plant is crossed with a homozygous green pea plant, Knowing that yellow is the dominant trait for pea plants: Genetics Homework Bio 120 1. A homozygous yellow pea plant is crossed with a homozygous green pea plant, Knowing that yellow is the dominant trait for pea plants: Y = yellow y = green B) Genotype of yellow

More information

(b) What is the allele frequency of the b allele in the new merged population on the island?

(b) What is the allele frequency of the b allele in the new merged population on the island? 2005 7.03 Problem Set 6 KEY Due before 5 PM on WEDNESDAY, November 23, 2005. Turn answers in to the box outside of 68-120. PLEASE WRITE YOUR ANSWERS ON THIS PRINTOUT. 1. Two populations (Population One

More information

HARDY- WEINBERG PRACTICE PROBLEMS

HARDY- WEINBERG PRACTICE PROBLEMS HARDY- WEINBERG PRACTICE PROBLEMS PROBLEMS TO SOLVE: 1. The proportion of homozygous recessives of a certain population is 0.09. If we assume that the gene pool is large and at equilibrium and all genotypes

More information

Name Class Date. Review Guide. Genetics. The fundamental principles of genetics were first discovered by. What type of plant did he breed?.

Name Class Date. Review Guide. Genetics. The fundamental principles of genetics were first discovered by. What type of plant did he breed?. Name Class Date Review Guide Genetics The fundamental principles of genetics were first discovered by. What type of plant did he breed?. True-breeding parental plants are called the generation. Their hybrid

More information

Lecture 18 Basics: Genes and Alleles

Lecture 18 Basics: Genes and Alleles Lecture 18 Basics: Genes and Alleles Basic vocabulary Gene: Allele: Homologous chromosomes: Homozygous vs heterozygous Genotype: Phenotype: Lecture 18 Page 1 More vocabulary: P (Parental) generation: Gamete:

More information

IB BIO I Genetics Test Madden

IB BIO I Genetics Test Madden Name Date Multiple Choice 1. What does the genotype X H X h indicate? A. A co-dominant female B. A heterozygous male C. A heterozygous female D. A co-dominant male 2. A pure breeding tall plant with smooth

More information

Two copies of each autosomal gene affect phenotype.

Two copies of each autosomal gene affect phenotype. UNIT 3 GENETICS LESSON #34: Chromosomes and Phenotype Objective: Explain how the chromosomes on which genes are located can affect the expression of traits. Take a moment to look at the variety of treats

More information

Genetics. Why do offspring resemble their parents? What role can technology play in genetics? Let s explore the answers to these questions.

Genetics. Why do offspring resemble their parents? What role can technology play in genetics? Let s explore the answers to these questions. In a monastery garden, a curious monk discovered some of the basic principles of genetics. The monk, Gregor Mendel (1822 1884), laid the groundwork for the study of genetics, which has advanced our understanding

More information

Fundamentals of Genetics

Fundamentals of Genetics Fundamentals of Genetics For thousands of years people have known that living things somehow pass on some type of information to their offspring. This was very clear in things that humans selected to breed

More information

Patterns of Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance Patterns of Inheritance Mendel the monk studied inheritance keys to his success: he picked pea plants he focused on easily categorized traits he used true-breeding populations parents always produced offspring

More information

OCTOBER 21 Unit 5 Heredity 1. What is Heredity

OCTOBER 21 Unit 5 Heredity 1. What is Heredity OCTOBER 21 Unit 5 Heredity 1. What is Heredity the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another. Agenda 1. Warm-up 2. Mendlian Notes pg 5-6 3. Lets Practice

More information

3. Mating two organisms produces a 3:1 ratio of the phenotype in progeny. The parental genotypes are

3. Mating two organisms produces a 3:1 ratio of the phenotype in progeny. The parental genotypes are 1. In dihybrid crosses, the ratio 9:3:3:1 indicates A. codominance. B. independent assortment. C. intermediate dominance. D. three alleles for each trait. 2. Mating of two organisms produces a 1:1 ratio

More information

Genetics Test- Mendel, Probablility and Heredity

Genetics Test- Mendel, Probablility and Heredity Genetics Test- Mendel, Probablility and Heredity Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. In Mendel s experiments, what percentage of the plants

More information

Unit 1 Review. 3. If the male parent had the following genotypes, what alleles would his gametes (sperm) contain? A. AABB B. AaBb C. aabb D.

Unit 1 Review. 3. If the male parent had the following genotypes, what alleles would his gametes (sperm) contain? A. AABB B. AaBb C. aabb D. Unit 1 Review 1. Define the following terms: a. Genotype b. Phenotype c. Dominant allele d. Recessive allele e. Homozygous f. Heterozygous g. Parental generation h. F1 generation i. Test cross j. Punnett

More information

Genetic Counseling PSI AP Biology

Genetic Counseling PSI AP Biology Genetic Counseling PSI AP Biology Name: Objective Students will learn about the field of genetic counseling and will analyze genetic counseling scenarios involving Huntington s disease and Cystic fibrosis.

More information

MENDELIAN GENETICS. Punnet Squares and Pea Plants

MENDELIAN GENETICS. Punnet Squares and Pea Plants MENDELIAN GENETICS Punnet Squares and Pea Plants Introduction Mendelian laws of inheritance are statements about the way certain characteristics are transmitted from one generation to another in an organism.

More information

Genetics. by their offspring. The study of the inheritance of traits is called.

Genetics. by their offspring. The study of the inheritance of traits is called. Genetics DNA contains the genetic code for the production of. A gene is a part of DNA, which has enough bases to make for many different proteins. These specific proteins made by a gene decide the of an

More information

Lesson Overview. Human Chromosomes. Lesson Overview. Human Chromosomes

Lesson Overview. Human Chromosomes. Lesson Overview. Human Chromosomes Lesson Overview Karyotypes A genome is the full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA. A study of any genome starts with chromosomes, the bundles of DNA and protein found in the

More information

EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS LAB PROBLEMS

EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS LAB PROBLEMS ANTHR 1-L: Bio Anthro Lab Name: EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS LAB PROBLEMS 1. In Likis, a type of monkey (hypothetical), a single dominant allele determines whether or not a Liki is spotted (S) or not (nonspotted

More information

Introduction to Genetics

Introduction to Genetics DAY 2 Introduction to Genetics Heredity Passing of traits from parents to their young The branch of biology that studies heredity is genetics. Trait Characteristic that is inherited Gregor Mendel Austrian

More information

Science Olympiad Heredity

Science Olympiad Heredity Science Olympiad Heredity Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A Punnett square shows you all the ways in which can combine. a.

More information

Name Date Class. Main Idea. Human traits are controlled by single genes with two alleles, single genes with... a. b. c.

Name Date Class. Main Idea. Human traits are controlled by single genes with two alleles, single genes with... a. b. c. Modern Genetics Name Date Class Modern Genetics Guided Reading and Study Human Inheritance This section explains some patterns of inheritance in humans. It also describes the functions of the sex chromosomes

More information

Mendelian Genetics. Activity. Part I: Introduction. Instructions

Mendelian Genetics. Activity. Part I: Introduction. Instructions Activity Part I: Introduction Some of your traits are inherited and cannot be changed, while others can be influenced by the environment around you. There has been ongoing research in the causes of cancer.

More information

Ch 9 Assignment. 2. According to the blending theory of inheritance, a white rabbit crossed with a red rabbit would produce what kind of offspring?

Ch 9 Assignment. 2. According to the blending theory of inheritance, a white rabbit crossed with a red rabbit would produce what kind of offspring? Big idea: Mendel s Laws Answer the following questions as you read modules 9.1 9.10: 1. The study of genetics can be traced back to the Greek physician 2. According to the blending theory of inheritance,

More information

Take a look at the three adult bears shown in these photographs:

Take a look at the three adult bears shown in these photographs: Take a look at the three adult bears shown in these photographs: Which of these adult bears do you think is most likely to be the parent of the bear cubs shown in the photograph on the right? How did you

More information

Essential Question: How do living things inherit their genetic characteristics?

Essential Question: How do living things inherit their genetic characteristics? Essential Question: How do living things inherit their genetic characteristics? Activity 6 Analyzing Genetic Data Purpose: To learn how to predict the outcome of genetic crosses with s Instructions: Follow

More information

4. A homozygous tall plant and a heterozygous tall plant are crossed. What is the percent probability of short offspring?

4. A homozygous tall plant and a heterozygous tall plant are crossed. What is the percent probability of short offspring? LEVEL ZERO VOICE POP QUIZ (4 minutes, individual work): 1. Define gene: 2. Define phenotype: 3. A heterozygous white rabbit is crossed with a homozygous black rabbit. If they have 160 offspring, how many

More information

Genetics Honors NOtes 2017 SHORT p2.notebook. May 26, 2017

Genetics Honors NOtes 2017 SHORT p2.notebook. May 26, 2017 Do Now A man and woman want to predict the chances of their offspring having dimples. The woman is heterozygous for dimples and the man does not have dimples. What is the chance of having a child with

More information

Beyond Mendel s Laws. Incomplete Dominance Co-dominance and Multiple Alleles

Beyond Mendel s Laws. Incomplete Dominance Co-dominance and Multiple Alleles Beyond Mendel s Laws Incomplete Dominance Co-dominance and Multiple Alleles Mendel s Studies He found that inherited traits were either dominant or recessive Dominant alleles expresses over the recessive

More information

40 Bell Work Week 8 5/12 41 Genetic Notes 5/12 42 Bill Nye Video & Questions 5/12

40 Bell Work Week 8 5/12 41 Genetic Notes 5/12 42 Bill Nye Video & Questions 5/12 40 Bell Work Week 8 5/12 41 Genetic Notes 5/12 42 Bill Nye Video & Questions 5/12 1. I am available after school on Wed. and Thurs. this week. 2. Quiz Friday over genetic material 3. Last day to turn in

More information

Name Class Date. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct term from the word bank. sex cells genotype sex chromosomes

Name Class Date. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct term from the word bank. sex cells genotype sex chromosomes Skills Worksheet Chapter Review USING KEY TERMS Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct term from the word bank. sex cells genotype sex chromosomes alleles phenotype meiosis 1.

More information

Name 9 Patterns of Inheritance Test Date Study Guide You must know: Terms associated with genetics problems: P, F1, F2, dominant, recessive,

Name 9 Patterns of Inheritance Test Date Study Guide You must know: Terms associated with genetics problems: P, F1, F2, dominant, recessive, Name 9 Patterns of Inheritance Test Date Study Guide You must know: Terms associated with genetics problems: P, F1, F2, dominant, recessive, homozygous, heterozygous, phenotypic, and genotypic. How to

More information

Genetics. the of an organism. The traits of that organism can then be passed on to, on

Genetics. the of an organism. The traits of that organism can then be passed on to, on Genetics DNA contains the genetic code for the production of. A gene is a segment of DNA, which consists of enough bases to code for many different proteins. The specific proteins produced by a gene determine

More information

Normal enzyme makes melanin (dark pigment in skin and hair) Defective enzyme does not make melanin

Normal enzyme makes melanin (dark pigment in skin and hair) Defective enzyme does not make melanin Genetics Supplement (These supplementary modules, a Genetics Student Handout, and Teacher Preparation Notes with suggestions for implementation are available at http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/sci_edu/waldron/#genetics.

More information

2. Circle the genotypes in the table that are homozygous. Explain how the two different homozygous genotypes result in different phenotypes.

2. Circle the genotypes in the table that are homozygous. Explain how the two different homozygous genotypes result in different phenotypes. Genetics Supplement (These supplementary modules, a Genetics Student Handout, and Teacher Preparation Notes with background information are available at http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/sci_edu/waldron/#genetics.

More information

MONOHYBRID CROSSES WITH DOMINANT TRAITS

MONOHYBRID CROSSES WITH DOMINANT TRAITS HEREDITY WORKSHEET Name: MONOHYBRID CROSSES WITH DOMINANT TRAITS 1. The table below indicates dominant and recessive traits in corn plants. Refer to this information for questions 1 7. Dominant Tall (T)

More information

Pedigrees: Genetic Family History

Pedigrees: Genetic Family History Pedigrees: Genetic Family History - Women are represented with a. - Men are represented with a. - Affected individuals are (individuals who express the trait). C B A D If this is you who are The other

More information

Genetics and heredity. For a long time, general ideas of inheritance were known + =

Genetics and heredity. For a long time, general ideas of inheritance were known + = Mendelian Genetics Genetics and heredity For a long time, general ideas of inheritance were known + = + = What was really lacking was a quantitative understanding of how particular traits were passed down

More information

PREDICTING INHERITED TRAITS & PUNNETT SQUARE ANALYSIS

PREDICTING INHERITED TRAITS & PUNNETT SQUARE ANALYSIS PREDICTING INHERITED TRAITS & PUNNETT SQUARE ANALYSIS GENETICS TERMS AND VOCABULARY DNA- Deoxyribonucleic acid. It is the molecule that codes for our traits. CHROMOSOME - A structure found in the nucleus

More information

The laws of Heredity. Allele: is the copy (or a version) of the gene that control the same characteristics.

The laws of Heredity. Allele: is the copy (or a version) of the gene that control the same characteristics. The laws of Heredity 1. Definition: Heredity: The passing of traits from parents to their offspring by means of the genes from the parents. Gene: Part or portion of a chromosome that carries genetic information

More information

What You ll Learn. Genetics Since Mendel. ! Explain how traits are inherited by incomplete dominance

What You ll Learn. Genetics Since Mendel. ! Explain how traits are inherited by incomplete dominance Genetics Since Mendel GLE 0707.4.4 Predict the probable appearance of offspring based on the genetic characteristics of the parents. What You ll Learn! Explain how traits are inherited by incomplete dominance!

More information

Introduction to Genetics and Heredity

Introduction to Genetics and Heredity Introduction to Genetics and Heredity Although these dogs have similar characteristics they are each unique! I. Early Ideas About Heredity A. The Theory of Blending Inheritance Each parent contributes

More information

Genetics Practice Problems

Genetics Practice Problems Genetics Practice Problems Part I- One Trait Crosses 1. Cystic fibrosis is carried on the recessive allele. Normal is dominant. A normal man and a woman with cystic fibrosis have one CF child and one normal

More information

Labrador Coat Color Similar to coat color in mice: Black lab is BxEx Yellow lab is xxee Chocolate lab is bbex Probable pathway:

Labrador Coat Color Similar to coat color in mice: Black lab is BxEx Yellow lab is xxee Chocolate lab is bbex Probable pathway: Honors Genetics 1. Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) German monk at the Augustine Abbey of St. Thomas in Brno (today in the Czech Republic). He was a gardener, teacher and priest. Mendel conducted experiments

More information

LAB 10 Principles of Genetic Inheritance

LAB 10 Principles of Genetic Inheritance LAB 10 Principles of Genetic Inheritance Objectives 1. Examine the nature of probability. 2. Solve various types of genetics problems. Overview In this laboratory you will learn about the basic principles

More information

COMPLETE DOMINANCE. Autosomal Dominant Inheritance Autosomal Recessive Inheritance

COMPLETE DOMINANCE. Autosomal Dominant Inheritance Autosomal Recessive Inheritance COMPLETE DOMINANCE In complete dominance, the effect of one allele completely masks the effect of the other. The allele that masks the other is called dominant, and the allele that is masked is called

More information

Chapter 11. Introduction to Genetics

Chapter 11. Introduction to Genetics Chapter 11 Introduction to Genetics A Brief History In the past, people did not understand how traits were inherited, but there were many guesses based on things that could be observed. Two theories emerged.

More information

draw and interpret pedigree charts from data on human single allele and multiple allele inheritance patterns; e.g., hemophilia, blood types

draw and interpret pedigree charts from data on human single allele and multiple allele inheritance patterns; e.g., hemophilia, blood types Specific Outcomes for Knowledge Students will: 30 C2.1k describe the evidence for dominance, segregation and the independent assortment of genes on different chromosomes, as investigated by Mendel 30 C2.2k

More information

Chapter 10 Notes Patterns of Inheritance, Part 1

Chapter 10 Notes Patterns of Inheritance, Part 1 Chapter 10 Notes Patterns of Inheritance, Part 1 I. Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) a. Austrian monk with a scientific background b. Conducted numerous hybridization experiments with the garden pea, Pisum sativum,

More information

Name Biology I Date: PUNNETT SQUARE PRACTICE

Name Biology I Date: PUNNETT SQUARE PRACTICE 1 Name_ Biology I Date: PUNNETT SQUARE PRACTICE Use a Punnett Square to show the possible offspring from the crosses given and answer the questions: IN PEAS: R = round T = tall Y = yellow peas P = purple

More information

The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection in Humans

The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection in Humans INTRODUCTION MENDELIAN GENETICS, PROBABILITY, PEDIGREES, AND CHI-SQUARE STATISTICS Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells (RBCs) that transports oxygen throughout the body. The hemoglobin protein

More information

Genetics PPT Part 1 Biology-Mrs. Flannery

Genetics PPT Part 1 Biology-Mrs. Flannery Genetics PPT Part Biology-Mrs. Flannery In an Abbey Garden Mendel studied garden peas because they were easy to grow, came in many readily distinguishable varieties, had easily visible traits are easily

More information

2. By breeding the pea plants he was growing in the monastery s garden, he discovered the

2. By breeding the pea plants he was growing in the monastery s garden, he discovered the Name: _ Date: Directions: Navigate to https://goo.gl/tcd8l4 to view the corresponding PowerPoint. Be sure to click PRESENT in the upper right hand corner! Answer the following questions from the PowerPoint.

More information

The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection in Humans

The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection in Humans MENDELIAN GENETICS, PROBABILITY, PEDIGREES, AND CHI-SQUARE STATISTICS INTRODUCTION Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that transports oxygen throughout the body. The hemoglobin protein consists

More information

Date Pages Page # 3. Record the color of your beads. Are they homozygous or heterozygous?

Date Pages Page # 3. Record the color of your beads. Are they homozygous or heterozygous? 1 Patterns of Inheritance Process and Procedures Date Pages 645-650 Page # 3. Record the color of your beads. Are they homozygous or heterozygous? 6. Record the colors of the two beads. Are they homozygous

More information

Gregor Mendel. What is Genetics? the study of heredity

Gregor Mendel. What is Genetics? the study of heredity Gregor Mendel What is Genetics? the study of heredity Gregor Mendel s Peas Pollen: plant s sperm Egg Cells: plants reproductive cells Fertilization: joining of pollen + egg cells develops into embryo in

More information

Unit 5 Review Name: Period:

Unit 5 Review Name: Period: Unit 5 Review Name: Period: 1 4 5 6 7 & give an example of the following. Be able to apply their meanings: Homozygous Heterozygous Dominant Recessive Genotype Phenotype Haploid Diploid Sex chromosomes

More information

UNIT 3 GENETICS LESSON #30: TRAITS, GENES, & ALLELES. Many things come in many forms. Give me an example of something that comes in many forms.

UNIT 3 GENETICS LESSON #30: TRAITS, GENES, & ALLELES. Many things come in many forms. Give me an example of something that comes in many forms. UNIT 3 GENETICS LESSON #30: TRAITS, GENES, & ALLELES Many things come in many forms. Give me an example of something that comes in many forms. Genes, too, come in many forms. Main Idea #1 The same gene

More information

Genetics WS Part 7 Name Part 7: Incomplete Dominance or Codominance

Genetics WS Part 7 Name Part 7: Incomplete Dominance or Codominance Genetics WS Part 7 Name Part 7: Incomplete Dominance or Codominance In Four o clock flowers the alleles for flower color are both equal therefore neither dominates over the other. We call this condition

More information

MENDELIAN GENETICS. Law of Dominance: Law of Segregation: GAMETE FORMATION Parents and Possible Gametes: Gregory Mendel:

MENDELIAN GENETICS. Law of Dominance: Law of Segregation: GAMETE FORMATION Parents and Possible Gametes: Gregory Mendel: MENDELIAN GENETICS Gregory Mendel: Heredity: Cross: X P1 Generation: F1 Generation: F2 Generation: Gametes: Dominant: Recessive: Genotype: Phenotype: Law of Dominance: Genes: Alleles: Law of Segregation:

More information

Puzzling Pedigrees. Essential Question: How can pedigrees be used to study the inheritance of human traits?

Puzzling Pedigrees. Essential Question: How can pedigrees be used to study the inheritance of human traits? Name: Puzzling Pedigrees Essential Question: How can pedigrees be used to study the inheritance of human traits? Studying inheritance in humans is more difficult than studying inheritance in fruit flies

More information

DNA Review??? gene???

DNA Review??? gene??? DNA Review??? gene??? Human Chromosomes Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes; 46 all together Females have 23 matched pairs; males have 22 matched and one unmatched pair Gregor Mendel Born in 1822, Austria

More information

Biology. Chapter 13. Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits. Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr. Cengage Learning 2015

Biology. Chapter 13. Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits. Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr. Cengage Learning 2015 Biology Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr Chapter 13 Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits Cengage Learning 2015 Cengage Learning 2015 After completing today s activities, students should

More information

Unit B2, B2.7. Cell division and inheritance. Stage 1. Ovary. Cell Q. Cell P. Cell R. Cell S. 7 Embryo A B C

Unit B2, B2.7. Cell division and inheritance. Stage 1. Ovary. Cell Q. Cell P. Cell R. Cell S. 7 Embryo A B C Cell division and inheritance 1. A woman gives birth to triplets. Two of the triplets are boys and the third is a girl. The triplets developed from two egg cells released from the ovary at the same time.

More information

Chapter 6 Heredity The Big Idea Heredity is the passing of the instructions for traits from one generation to the next.

Chapter 6 Heredity The Big Idea Heredity is the passing of the instructions for traits from one generation to the next. Chapter 6 Heredity The Big Idea Heredity is the passing of the instructions for traits from one generation to the next. Section 1 Mendel and His Peas Key Concept The work of Gregor Mendel explains the

More information

2 Traits and Inheritance

2 Traits and Inheritance CHATER 6 2 Traits and Inheritance SECTION Heredity 7.2.c., 7.2.d California Science Standards BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What did Mendel

More information

Human Molecular Genetics Prof. S. Ganesh Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur

Human Molecular Genetics Prof. S. Ganesh Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur Human Molecular Genetics Prof. S. Ganesh Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur Module - 02 Lecture - 06 Let us test your understanding of Pedigree

More information

Test Booklet. Subject: SC, Grade: HS Genetics Assessment. Student name:

Test Booklet. Subject: SC, Grade: HS Genetics Assessment. Student name: Test Booklet Subject: SC, Grade: HS Genetics Assessment Student name: Author: Megan Kitchens School: SHAW HIGH SCHOOL Printed: Monday January 30, 2017 1 In fruit flies, the gray body color (G) is dominant

More information

Genetics All somatic cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes 22 pairs of autosomes 1 pair of sex chromosomes Genes contained in each pair of chromosomes

Genetics All somatic cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes 22 pairs of autosomes 1 pair of sex chromosomes Genes contained in each pair of chromosomes Chapter 6 Genetics and Inheritance Lecture 1: Genetics and Patterns of Inheritance Asexual reproduction = daughter cells genetically identical to parent (clones) Sexual reproduction = offspring are genetic

More information

Section 8.1 Studying inheritance

Section 8.1 Studying inheritance Section 8.1 Studying inheritance Genotype and phenotype Genotype is the genetic constitution of an organism that describes all the alleles that an organism contains The genotype sets the limits to which

More information

Chapter 12 Multiple Choice

Chapter 12 Multiple Choice Chapter 12 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What did Gregor Mendel do to study different characteristics in his genetics experiments? a.

More information

Genetics: field of biology that studies heredity, or the passing of traits from parents to offspring Trait: an inherited characteristic, such as eye

Genetics: field of biology that studies heredity, or the passing of traits from parents to offspring Trait: an inherited characteristic, such as eye Genetics: field of biology that studies heredity, or the passing of traits from parents to offspring Trait: an inherited characteristic, such as eye colour or hair colour Gregor Mendel discovered how traits

More information

Biology Sec+on 9.2. Gene+c Crosses

Biology Sec+on 9.2. Gene+c Crosses Biology Sec+on 9.2 Gene+c Crosses Genotype & Phenotype Genotype gene+c makeup of an organism Consists of alleles that organism inherits from its parents Phenotype appearance of an organism as a result

More information

Mendelian Genetics. You are who you are due to the interaction of HEREDITY and ENVIRONMENT. ENVIRONMENT: all outside forces that act on an organism.

Mendelian Genetics. You are who you are due to the interaction of HEREDITY and ENVIRONMENT. ENVIRONMENT: all outside forces that act on an organism. Heredity Chapter 3 3:1 Genetics Mendelian Genetics You are who you are due to the interaction of HEREDITY and ENVIRONMENT. ENVIRONMENT: all outside forces that act on an organism. HEREDITY: traits that

More information

Genetics. Genetics. True or False. Genetics Vocabulary. Chapter 5. Objectives. Heredity

Genetics. Genetics. True or False. Genetics Vocabulary. Chapter 5. Objectives. Heredity Genetics True or False Genes are things you wear on your legs. A priest raising peas in his garden was one of the first to discover how genetics works. Plants can be purebred just like dogs. Dominate alleles

More information

Mendelian Genetics Chapter 11

Mendelian Genetics Chapter 11 Mendelian Genetics Chapter 11 Starts on page 308 Roots, Prefixes & Suffixes: homo = hetero = geno = pheno = zyg = co = poly = Section 11-1: Mendel & His Peas I. Vocabulary Words: A. Gene - a small section

More information

Intervention- Heredity Web Quest

Intervention- Heredity Web Quest Name Date Period Intervention- Heredity Web Quest DNA from the Beginning Mendelian Genetics Go to http://www.dnaftb.org/dnaftb/1/concept/index.html Children resemble their parents Read the text and answer

More information

Part 2: Heredity and Mendelian Genetics

Part 2: Heredity and Mendelian Genetics Part 2: Heredity and Mendelian Genetics The Genetics of Inheritance Traits. Ex. Earlobes, Dimples, Curved Fingers, Rolling Tongue Inheritance The mechanism that between generations. Genetics The branch

More information

Topics. Introduction to Genetics and heredity Genetic terminology (glossary) Gregor Mendel a brief bio Monohybrid crosses

Topics. Introduction to Genetics and heredity Genetic terminology (glossary) Gregor Mendel a brief bio Monohybrid crosses Did you know that Before heredity was understood - people use to think: That a giraffe came from the mating of a camel and a leopard? That an ostrich came from the mating of a camel and a sparrow? Topics

More information

Name Period. Keystone Vocabulary: genetics fertilization trait hybrid gene allele Principle of dominance segregation gamete probability

Name Period. Keystone Vocabulary: genetics fertilization trait hybrid gene allele Principle of dominance segregation gamete probability Name Period BIO B2 GENETICS (Chapter 11) You should be able to: 1. Describe and/or predict observed patterns of inheritance (dominant, recessive, co- dominant, incomplete dominance, sex- linked, polygenic

More information

Patterns of Heredity - Genetics - Sections: 10.2, 11.1, 11.2, & 11.3

Patterns of Heredity - Genetics - Sections: 10.2, 11.1, 11.2, & 11.3 Patterns of Heredity - Genetics - Sections: 10.2, 11.1, 11.2, & 11.3 Genetics = the study of heredity by which traits are passed from parents to offspring Page. 227 Heredity = The passing of genes/traits

More information

Mendelian Genetics and Beyond Chapter 4 Study Prompts

Mendelian Genetics and Beyond Chapter 4 Study Prompts Mendelian Genetics and Beyond Chapter 4 Study Prompts 1. What is a mode of inheritance? 2. Can you define the following? a. Autosomal dominant b. Autosomal recessive 3. Who was Gregor Mendel? 4. What did

More information

Patterns of Heredity Genetics

Patterns of Heredity Genetics Patterns of Heredity Genetics DO NOW Hand in outlines (my desk) Pick up tests from back table and review them. We will be going over the zipgrade and the short answer together. Save your questions for

More information

Genetics: CH9 Patterns of Inheritance

Genetics: CH9 Patterns of Inheritance Genetics: CH9 Patterns of Inheritance o o Lecture note Directions Highlight Key information (10-30% of most slides) My Thoughts: Questions, comments, additional information, connections to prior knowledge,

More information

Day 15: Genetics. Insert Do Now

Day 15: Genetics. Insert Do Now Insert Do Now Guided Notes: Genetics and Punnet Squares 1. What is a purebred? (slide 1) 2. What are the two purebreds in this example? (slide 1) 3. What does dominant mean? (slide 1) 4. What is a phenotype?

More information

Unit 7 Section 2 and 3

Unit 7 Section 2 and 3 Unit 7 Section 2 and 3 Evidence 12: Do you think food preferences are passed down from Parents to children, or does the environment play a role? Explain your answer. One of the most important outcomes

More information

I. Classical Genetics. 1. What makes these parakeets so varied in color?

I. Classical Genetics. 1. What makes these parakeets so varied in color? 1. Classical Genetics a. Mendel i. Mendel s Laws ii. Advanced Genetic Principles b. Modern Genetics i. Scientists ii. Nucleic Acids DNA/RNA Function iii.replication iv.protein Synthesis v. Mutations (gene

More information

Genetics and Heredity Notes

Genetics and Heredity Notes Genetics and Heredity Notes I. Introduction A. It was known for 1000s of years that traits were inherited but scientists were unsure about the laws that governed this inheritance. B. Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)

More information

Biology. Slide 1 of 31. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Biology. Slide 1 of 31. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology 1 of 31 11 3 Exploring Mendelian 11-3 Exploring Mendelian Genetics Genetics 2 of 31 Independent Assortment Independent Assortment To determine if the segregation of one pair of alleles affects

More information

Extra Review Practice Biology Test Genetics

Extra Review Practice Biology Test Genetics Mendel fill in the blanks: Extra Review Practice Biology Test Genetics Mendel was an Austrian monk who studied genetics primarily using plants. He started with plants that produced offspring with only

More information

Genetics Unit Outcomes

Genetics Unit Outcomes Genetics Unit Outcomes In the cell division unit, you learned that chromosomes come in pairs and that humans have 46 chromosomes in each of their body cells. You receive one of each chromosome from dad

More information

Objectives. ! Describe the contributions of Gregor Mendel to the science of genetics. ! Explain the Law of Segregation.

Objectives. ! Describe the contributions of Gregor Mendel to the science of genetics. ! Explain the Law of Segregation. Objectives! Describe the contributions of Gregor Mendel to the science of genetics.! Explain the Law of Segregation.! Explain the Law of Independent Assortment.! Explain the concept of dominance.! Define

More information

Genetics 1 by Drs. Scott Poethig, Ingrid Waldron, and. Jennifer Doherty, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Copyright, 2011

Genetics 1 by Drs. Scott Poethig, Ingrid Waldron, and. Jennifer Doherty, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Copyright, 2011 Genetics 1 by Drs. Scott Poethig, Ingrid Waldron, and. Jennifer Doherty, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Copyright, 2011 We all know that children tend to resemble their parents in appearance.

More information

Mendel and Genetics. Mr. Nagel Meade High School

Mendel and Genetics. Mr. Nagel Meade High School Mendel and Genetics Mr. Nagel Meade High School What is inheritance? Question? Inheritance: Passing on traits by transmitting them from parents to offspring How does it relate to you personally? Why does

More information

Drosophila melanogaster. Introduction. Drosophila melanogaster is a kind of flies fruit fly that is widely used in genetic

Drosophila melanogaster. Introduction. Drosophila melanogaster is a kind of flies fruit fly that is widely used in genetic Jessie Tran Mrs. Lajoie Honors Biology Date of Experiment: 4 May 2015 Due Date: 12 May 2015 Determining the Inheritance Patterns of Purple Eyes, Lobe Eyes, and Yellow Body Genes of Drosophila melanogaster

More information

REVIEW SHEET: Units 11 Meiosis, Fertilization, & Genetics

REVIEW SHEET: Units 11 Meiosis, Fertilization, & Genetics REVIEW SHEET: Units 11 Meiosis, Fertilization, & Genetics ACP BIOLOGY Textbook Reading: Meiosis & Fertilization (Ch. 11.4, 14.1-2) and Classical Genetics (Ch. 11.1-3) Handouts:! NOTES Meiosis & Fertilization!

More information

Notes: Mendelian Genetics

Notes: Mendelian Genetics Notes: Mendelian Genetics Heredity is passing characteristics from one generation to the next. Genetics is the study of heredity. Who was Gregor Mendel? Gregor Mendel is the Father of Modern Genetics.

More information