Mechanosensation. Central Representation of Touch. Wilder Penfield. Somatotopic Organization
|
|
- Joy Cross
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Mechanosensation Central Representation of Touch Touch and tactile exploration Vibration and pressure sensations; important for clinical testing Limb position sense John H. Martin, Ph.D. Center for Neurobiology & Behavior Columbia University CPS Stereognosia: identify 3-D shapes of grasped objects Dorsal column-medial lemniscal system Postcentral gyrus / 1 SScx Ventral posterior nucleus Dorsal column nuclei Mechanoreceptors 1 Somatotopic organization 2 Receptive field structure: key properties for tactile acuity 3 Other functions of inhibition 4 Cortical columns, submodality representation, and cortical mechanisms for higher somatic sensory functions 5 Elaboration of somatic sensory processing in higher-order sensory and association areas NTA 5-1 Somatotopic Organization Preserves neighborhood relations Like a slide projector Slide=peripheral receptive sheet Light=peripheral and central pathways Screen=central nervous system representation All processing stages and tracts in touch pathway are somatotopically organized Similar organization for vision (retinotopic) and auditory system (tonotopic) What does the homunculus in the postcentral gyrus tell us about somatic sensory processing? Wilder Penfield stimulus localization & discrimination PNS
2 2 Point Discrimination CNS neurons have receptive fields Good Poor PNS 22-5 What is the basis of distortions in the cortical homunculus? receptive field structure Convergence: CNS receptive fields >> PNS receptive fields Receptor innervation density increases from proximal to distal Receptor innervation density increases from proximal to distal CNSreceptive field size decreases from proximaldistal CNSreceptive field size decreases from proximaldistal and overlap increases and overlap increases Representational area inversely proportional to RF area Map distortions reflect genetics and experience PNS
3 Receptive field Somatotopic organization Receptive field structure: key properties for tactile acuity Other functions of inhibition Cortical columns, submodality representation, and cortical mechanisms for higher somatic sensory functions Elaboration of somatic sensory processing in higher-order sensory and association areas Primary sensory neuron RF CNS neuron RF Structural basis of RF: distribution of sensory fiber innervation PNS Gradient of excitation within excitatory RF in CNS neurons Gradient of excitation effectively reduces RF size to center RF area increases with stronger stimuli; not veridical Receptive field structure Primary sensory neuron RF CNS neuron RF Inhibitory RF Inhibitory interneuron Background neural activity drops PNS Excitatory RF Increase signal-to-noise ratio 3
4 Mechanoreceptor response CNS neuron response to stimulus Receptive Field Structure Gradient of + sharpens neural response to center of RF, which is most sensitive Inhibitory RF turns neuron off before it is activated by stimulus, thereby increasing S/N Other uses for inhibition in sensory systems: Stimulus feature extraction Other uses for inhibition in sensory systems: Distal inhibition--usually top down Cortical neuron excites inhibitory interneuron + Inhibitory interneuron - inhibits projection neuron in nucleus Effect: reduces transmission through nucleus FINE TUNE How is information from different mechanoreceptors represented in primary somatic sensory cortex? 4
5 Rapid adaptation Slow adaptation Mechanoreceptors Meissner Merkel Slowly adapting Meissner PNS 22-3 Pacinian Ruffini Pacinian Time Texture code: Different receptors respond to different components of complex stimulus Internal representation of a texture determined by activity in population of diverse mechanoreceptors Cell-stained section (Nissl) most 6 cell layers How is receptor information represented in the primary somatic sensory cortex? Pyramidal neuron: projection neuron Layer 1 Layer 1 Layers 2 & 3 Layers 2 & 3 Stellate Neuron: interneuron Layer 4 Layer 5 Layer 6 Layer 4 Layer 5 Layer 6 neuron density varies Columnar organization same receptor same location RA-Meissner SA-Ruffini RA-Meissner SA-Merkel RA-Pacinian Different textures produce different column activation patterns 5
6 Columnar organization of 1 SScx Body representation w/in each cytoarchitectonic area To other cortical areas Input from Thalamus To Brain stem, spinal cord, basal ganglia Back to thalamus PNS 23-6,7 1 2, PNS 20-6 Processing mechanoreceptive information within the Primary Somatic Sensory Cortex Ventral posterior nucleus Deep Area 3a Area 3b Cutaneous Area 1 Area 2 Integrated representation:?stereognosia --- Processing mechanoreceptive information within the Primary Somatic Sensory Cortex Deep Area 3a Area 3b Cutaneous Area 1 Area 2 Posterior parietal cortex, insular cortex, motor cortex top down control Summary Touch path has hierarchical organization Not bucket brigade Message transformed Several mechanisms for enhancing spatial acuity Gradient of excitation Surround inhibition Columnar organization of cortex Same input (receptor and location) Intracortical processing leads to integrated representation Conclusions Bottom up Receptors to spinal cord to cortex Top down Cortex to subcortical centers - Layers 5, 6 Other cortical areas project into somatic sensory cortex Result Experience and expectation modulates stimulus processing, both subcortically in relay nuclei and in cortex illusions Pathological states can generate sensation de novo halucinations 6
7 7
Anatomical Substrates of Somatic Sensation
Anatomical Substrates of Somatic Sensation John H. Martin, Ph.D. Center for Neurobiology & Behavior Columbia University CPS The 2 principal somatic sensory systems: 1) Dorsal column-medial lemniscal system
More informationHow strong is it? What is it? Where is it? What must sensory systems encode? 9/8/2010. Spatial Coding: Receptive Fields and Tactile Discrimination
Spatial Coding: Receptive Fields and Tactile Discrimination What must sensory systems encode? How strong is it? What is it? Where is it? When the brain wants to keep certain types of information distinct,
More informationSpatial Coding: Receptive Fields and Tactile Discrimination
Spatial Coding: Receptive Fields and Tactile Discrimination What must sensory systems encode? How strong is it? What is it? Where is it? When the brain wants to keep certain types of information distinct,
More informationSomatosensation. Recording somatosensory responses. Receptive field response to pressure
Somatosensation Mechanoreceptors that respond to touch/pressure on the surface of the body. Sensory nerve responds propotional to pressure 4 types of mechanoreceptors: Meissner corpuscles & Merkel discs
More informationThe Somatosensory System
The Somatosensory System Reading: BCP Chapter 12 cerebrovortex.com Divisions of the Somatosensory System Somatosensory System Exteroceptive External stimuli Proprioceptive Body position Interoceptive Body
More informationCHAPTER 10 THE SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM
CHAPTER 10 THE SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM 10.1. SOMATOSENSORY MODALITIES "Somatosensory" is really a catch-all term to designate senses other than vision, hearing, balance, taste and smell. Receptors that could
More informationSomatosensory System. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Somatosensory System Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Course News Dr. Riedl s review session this week: Tuesday (Oct 10) 4-5pm in MCB 3-146B 2 Sensory Systems Sensory
More informationNeural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System
15 Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Jason LaPres Lone Star College North Harris An Introduction to Sensory Pathways and
More informationSensory coding and somatosensory system
Sensory coding and somatosensory system Sensation and perception Perception is the internal construction of sensation. Perception depends on the individual experience. Three common steps in all senses
More informationSensory information processing, somato-sensory systems
mm? Sensory information processing, somato-sensory systems Recommended literature 1. Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Jessel TM (2000) Principles of Neural Science, McGraw-Hill, Ch. xx. 2. Berne EM, Levy MN, Koeppen
More informationThe Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord
15 The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Steven Bassett Southeast Community College Lincoln, Nebraska Introduction Millions of sensory
More informationSomatic Sensory System I. Background
Somatic Sensory System I. Background A. Differences between somatic senses and other senses 1. Receptors are distributed throughout the body as opposed to being concentrated at small, specialized locations
More informationSkin types: hairy and glabrous (e.g. back vs. palm of hand)
Lecture 19 revised 03/10 The Somatic Sensory System Skin- the largest sensory organ we have Also protects from evaporation, infection. Skin types: hairy and glabrous (e.g. back vs. palm of hand) 2 major
More informationPosterior White Column-Medial Lemniscal Pathway
Posterior White Column-Medial Lemniscal Pathway Modality: Discriminative Touch Sensation (include Vibration) and Conscious Proprioception Receptor: Most receptors except free nerve endings Ist Neuron:
More informationPhysiology of Tactile Sensation
Physiology of Tactile Sensation Objectives: 1. Describe the general structural features of tactile sensory receptors how are first order nerve fibers specialized to receive tactile stimuli? 2. Understand
More informationCOGS 107B Week 1. Hyun Ji Friday 4:00-4:50pm
COGS 107B Week 1 Hyun Ji Friday 4:00-4:50pm Before We Begin... Hyun Ji 4th year Cognitive Behavioral Neuroscience Email: hji@ucsd.edu In subject, always add [COGS107B] Office hours: Wednesdays, 3-4pm in
More informationThe How of Tactile Sensation
The How of Tactile Sensation http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s2/chapter02.html Chris Cohan, Ph.D. Dept. of Pathology/Anat Sci University at Buffalo Objectives 1. Understand how sensory stimuli are encoded
More informationSOMATIC SENSATION PART I: ALS ANTEROLATERAL SYSTEM (or SPINOTHALAMIC SYSTEM) FOR PAIN AND TEMPERATURE
Dental Neuroanatomy Thursday, February 3, 2011 Suzanne S. Stensaas, PhD SOMATIC SENSATION PART I: ALS ANTEROLATERAL SYSTEM (or SPINOTHALAMIC SYSTEM) FOR PAIN AND TEMPERATURE Reading: Waxman 26 th ed, :
More informationChapter 15! Chapter 15 Sensory Pathways, Somatic Nervous System! Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System!
Chapter 15! Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the SECTION 15-2! Sensory receptors connect our internal and external environments with the nervous system! 2 Sensation and Receptors! Transduction!
More informationChapter 14: The Cutaneous Senses
Chapter 14: The Cutaneous Senses Somatosensory System There are three parts Cutaneous senses - perception of touch and pain from stimulation of the skin Proprioception - ability to sense position of the
More information1. Which part of the brain is responsible for planning and initiating movements?
Section: Chapter 10: Multiple Choice 1. Which part of the brain is responsible for planning and initiating movements? p.358 frontal lobe hippocampus basal ganglia cerebellum 2. The prefrontal cortex is
More informationCh. 47 Somatic Sensations: Tactile and Position Senses (Reading Homework) - Somatic senses: three types (1) Mechanoreceptive somatic senses: tactile
Ch. 47 Somatic Sensations: Tactile and Position Senses (Reading Homework) - Somatic senses: three types (1) Mechanoreceptive somatic senses: tactile and position sensations (2) Thermoreceptive senses:
More informationPsychophysical laws. Legge di Fechner: I=K*log(S/S 0 )
Psychophysical laws Legge di Weber: ΔS=K*S Legge di Fechner: I=K*log(S/S 0 ) Sensory receptors Vision Smell Taste Touch Thermal senses Pain Hearing Balance Proprioception Sensory receptors Table 21-1 Classification
More informationOverview of Questions
Overview of Questions What are the sensors in the skin, what do they respond to and how is this transmitted to the brain? How does the brain represent touch information? What is the system for sensing
More informationIII: To define the mechanoreceptive and thermoreceptive sensations.
Somatic Sensations I: To explain the proper way of sensory testing. II: To describe the somatic sensations. III: To define the mechanoreceptive and thermoreceptive sensations. SOMATIC SENSATIONS Somatic
More informationSomatic Sensation (MCB160 Lecture by Mu-ming Poo, Friday March 9, 2007)
Somatic Sensation (MCB160 Lecture by Mu-ming Poo, Friday March 9, 2007) Introduction Adrian s work on sensory coding Spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia Four somatic sense modalities Touch Mechanoreceptors
More informationPathways of proprioception
The Autonomic Nervous Assess Prof. Fawzia Al-Rouq Department of Physiology College of Medicine King Saud University Pathways of proprioception System posterior column& Spinocerebellar Pathways https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pmeropok6v8
More informationCollin County Community College. BIOL 2401 : Anatomy/ Physiology PNS
Collin County Community College BIOL 2401 : Anatomy/ Physiology PNS Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) PNS all neural structures outside the brain and spinal cord Includes sensory receptors, peripheral nerves,
More informationNeural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System
C h a p t e r 15 Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Jason LaPres Lone Star College - North Harris Copyright 2009 Pearson Education,
More informationTouch PSY 310 Greg Francis. Lecture 33. Touch perception
Touch PSY 310 Greg Francis Lecture 33 Why is the Braille system better? Touch perception Vision and audition involve perception of objects from a distance Safe and dependent on the transfer of energy (light,
More informationPSY 310: Sensory and Perceptual Processes 1
Touch PSY 310 Greg Francis Lecture 33 Why is the Braille system better? Vision and audition involve perception of objects from a distance Safe and dependent on the transfer of energy (light, air pressure)
More informationCOGS 101A: Sensation and Perception
COGS 101A: Sensation and Perception 1 Virginia R. de Sa Department of Cognitive Science UCSD Lecture 16: Recurring Themes, Somatosensory system Course Information 2 Class web page: http://cogsci.ucsd.edu/
More informationThalamus and Sensory Functions of Cerebral Cortex
Thalamus and Sensory Functions of Cerebral Cortex I: To describe the functional divisions of thalamus. II: To state the functions of thalamus and the thalamic syndrome. III: To define the somatic sensory
More informationBiology 218 Human Anatomy
Chapter 21 Adapted form Tortora 10 th ed. LECTURE OUTLINE A. Overview of Sensations (p. 652) 1. Sensation is the conscious or subconscious awareness of external or internal stimuli. 2. For a sensation
More informationMedical Neuroscience Tutorial
Pain Pathways Medical Neuroscience Tutorial Pain Pathways MAP TO NEUROSCIENCE CORE CONCEPTS 1 NCC1. The brain is the body's most complex organ. NCC3. Genetically determined circuits are the foundation
More informationOVERVIEW. Today. Sensory and Motor Neurons. Thursday. Parkinsons Disease. Administra7on. Exam One Bonus Points Slides Online
OVERVIEW Today Sensory and Motor Neurons Thursday Parkinsons Disease Administra7on Exam One Bonus Points Slides Online 7 major descending motor control pathways from Cerebral Cortex or Brainstem
More informationUnit VIII Problem 1 Physiology: Sensory Pathway
Unit VIII Problem 1 Physiology: Sensory Pathway - Process of sensation: Sensory receptors: they are specialized cells considered as biologic signal transducers which can detect stimuli and convert them
More informationChapter 14: Integration of Nervous System Functions I. Sensation.
Chapter 14: Integration of Nervous System Functions I. Sensation A. General Organization 1. General senses have receptors a. The somatic senses provide information about & 1. Somatic senses include: a.
More informationChapter 16: Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 16: Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems Sensation n Conscious and subconscious awareness of changes in the external or internal environment. n Components of sensation: Stimulation of the sensory
More informationBi/CNS/NB 150: Neuroscience. November 11, 2015 SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM. Ralph Adolphs
Bi/CNS/NB 150: Neuroscience November 11, 2015 SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM Ralph Adolphs 1 Menu for today Touch -peripheral -central -plasticity Pain 2 Sherrington (1948): senses classified as --teloreceptive
More informationCHAPTER 16 LECTURE OUTLINE
CHAPTER 16 LECTURE OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION A. The components of the brain interact to receive sensory input, integrate and store the information, and transmit motor responses. B. To accomplish the primary
More informationChapter 12b. Overview
Chapter 12b Spinal Cord Overview Spinal cord gross anatomy Spinal meninges Sectional anatomy Sensory pathways Motor pathways Spinal cord pathologies 1 The Adult Spinal Cord About 18 inches (45 cm) long
More informationCortical Organization. Functionally, cortex is classically divided into 3 general types: 1. Primary cortex:. - receptive field:.
Cortical Organization Functionally, cortex is classically divided into 3 general types: 1. Primary cortex:. - receptive field:. 2. Secondary cortex: located immediately adjacent to primary cortical areas,
More informationThe Motor Systems. What s the motor system? Plan
The Motor Systems What s the motor system? Parts of CNS and PNS specialized for control of limb, trunk, and eye movements Also holds us together From simple reflexes (knee jerk) to voluntary movements
More informationCortical Control of Movement
Strick Lecture 2 March 24, 2006 Page 1 Cortical Control of Movement Four parts of this lecture: I) Anatomical Framework, II) Physiological Framework, III) Primary Motor Cortex Function and IV) Premotor
More informationWhat is Pain? An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Pain is always subjective
Pain & Acupuncture What is Pain? An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. NOCICEPTION( the neural processes of encoding and processing noxious stimuli.)
More informationCISC 3250 Systems Neuroscience
CISC 3250 Systems Neuroscience Levels of organization Central Nervous System 1m 10 11 neurons Neural systems and neuroanatomy Systems 10cm Networks 1mm Neurons 100μm 10 8 neurons Professor Daniel Leeds
More informationHomework Week 2. PreLab 2 HW #2 Synapses (Page 1 in the HW Section)
Homework Week 2 Due in Lab PreLab 2 HW #2 Synapses (Page 1 in the HW Section) Reminders No class next Monday Quiz 1 is @ 5:30pm on Tuesday, 1/22/13 Study guide posted under Study Aids section of website
More informationSOMATOSENSORY SYSTEMS
SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEMS Schematic diagram illustrating the neural pathways that convey somatosensory information to the cortex and, subsequently, to the motor system. Double arrows show reciprocal connections.
More informationNeurophysiology of systems
Neurophysiology of systems Motor cortex (voluntary movements) Dana Cohen, Room 410, tel: 7138 danacoh@gmail.com Voluntary movements vs. reflexes Same stimulus yields a different movement depending on context
More informationPain and Temperature Objectives
Pain and Temperature Objectives 1. Describe the types of sensory receptors that transmit pain and temperature. 2. Understand how axon diameter relates to transmission of pain and temp information. 3. Describe
More informationNote: Waxman is very sketchy on today s pathways and nonexistent on the Trigeminal.
Dental Neuroanatomy Thursday, February 3, 2011 Suzanne Stensaas, PhD Note: Waxman is very sketchy on today s pathways and nonexistent on the Trigeminal. Resources: Pathway Quiz for HyperBrain Ch. 5 and
More informationLateral view of human brain! Cortical processing of touch!
Lateral view of human brain! Cortical processing of touch! How do we perceive objects held in the hand?! Touch receptors deconstruct objects to detect local features! Information is transmitted in parallel
More information1. Somatosensory Pathways
1. Somatosensory Pathways Objectives 1. Describe the general characteristics of sensory pathways 2. Understand the general organization and numbered areas of spinal cord gray matter 3. Understand dermatomes
More informationLateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN)
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN) What happens beyond the retina? What happens in Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN)- 90% flow Visual cortex Information Flow Superior colliculus 10% flow Slide 2 Information
More informationNervous System. The Peripheral Nervous System Agenda Review of CNS v. PNS PNS Basics Cranial Nerves Spinal Nerves Reflexes Pathways
Nervous System Agenda Review of CNS v. PNS PNS Basics Cranial Nerves Spinal Nerves Sensory Motor Review of CNS v. PNS Central nervous system (CNS) Brain Spinal cord Peripheral nervous system (PNS) All
More informationLecture VIII. The Spinal Cord, Reflexes and Brain Pathways!
Reflexes and Brain Bio 3411! Monday!! 1! Readings! NEUROSCIENCE 5 th ed: Review Chapter 1 pp. 11-21;!!Read Chapter 9 pp. 189-194, 198! THE BRAIN ATLAS 3 rd ed:! Read pp. 4-17 on class web site! Look at
More informationMotor Functions of Cerebral Cortex
Motor Functions of Cerebral Cortex I: To list the functions of different cortical laminae II: To describe the four motor areas of the cerebral cortex. III: To discuss the functions and dysfunctions of
More informationPHY3111 Mid-Semester Test Study. Lecture 2: The hierarchical organisation of vision
PHY3111 Mid-Semester Test Study Lecture 2: The hierarchical organisation of vision 1. Explain what a hierarchically organised neural system is, in terms of physiological response properties of its neurones.
More informationPHGY 210,2,4 - Physiology SENSORY PHYSIOLOGY. Martin Paré
PHGY 210,2,4 - Physiology SENSORY PHYSIOLOGY Martin Paré Associate Professor of Physiology & Psychology pare@biomed.queensu.ca http://brain.phgy.queensu.ca/pare PHGY 210,2,4 - Physiology SENSORY PHYSIOLOGY
More informationSOMATOSENSORY SYSTEMS: Pain and Temperature Kimberle Jacobs, Ph.D.
SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEMS: Pain and Temperature Kimberle Jacobs, Ph.D. Sensory systems are afferent, meaning that they are carrying information from the periphery TOWARD the central nervous system. The somatosensory
More informationNeurobiology Biomed 509 Sensory transduction References: Luo , ( ), , M4.1, M6.2
Neurobiology Biomed 509 Sensory transduction References: Luo 4.1 4.8, (4.9 4.23), 6.22 6.24, M4.1, M6.2 I. Transduction The role of sensory systems is to convert external energy into electrical signals
More informationراما ندى أسامة الخضر. Faisal Muhammad
22 راما ندى أسامة الخضر Faisal Muhammad Revision Last time we started talking about sensory receptors, we defined them and talked about the mechanism of their reaction. Now we will talk about sensory receptors,
More informationChapter 6. Gathering information; the sensory systems
Chapter 6 Gathering information; the sensory systems Gathering information the sensory systems The parts of the nervous system that receive and process information are termed sensory systems. There are
More informationGeneral Sensory Pathways of the Trunk and Limbs
General Sensory Pathways of the Trunk and Limbs Lecture Objectives Describe gracile and cuneate tracts and pathways for conscious proprioception, touch, pressure and vibration from the limbs and trunk.
More informationOur senses provide us with wonderful capabilities. If you had to lose one, which would it be?
Our senses provide us with wonderful capabilities. If you had to lose one, which would it be? Neurological disorders take away sensation without a choice! http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s2/chapter04.html
More informationBrain Stem and cortical control of motor function. Dr Z Akbari
Brain Stem and cortical control of motor function Dr Z Akbari Brain stem control of movement BS nuclear groups give rise to descending motor tracts that influence motor neurons and their associated interneurons
More informationChapter 13 PNS and reflex activity
Chapter 13 PNS and reflex activity I. Peripheral nervous system A. PNS links CNS to the body B. Sensory: the afferent division C. Motor: the efferent division D. Ganglia: collections of cell bodies in
More informationReading Assignments: Lecture 5: Introduction to Vision. None. Brain Theory and Artificial Intelligence
Brain Theory and Artificial Intelligence Lecture 5:. Reading Assignments: None 1 Projection 2 Projection 3 Convention: Visual Angle Rather than reporting two numbers (size of object and distance to observer),
More informationTHE SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM
Daniel J. Simons, Ph.D. I. Peripheral Nervous System THE SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM The somatosensory system consists of those components of the peripheral and central nervous systems that mediate sensations
More informationSENSATION AND PERCEPTION
SENSATION AND PERCEPTION CHAPTER 5 1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES Describe transduction, sensation, and perception for the following sensory systems: Vision Audition (hearing) Skin and body Touch Pain Chemical
More informationPHGY Physiology. SENSORY PHYSIOLOGY Sensory Receptors. Martin Paré
PHGY 212 - Physiology SENSORY PHYSIOLOGY Sensory Receptors Martin Paré Assistant Professor of Physiology & Psychology pare@biomed.queensu.ca http://brain.phgy.queensu.ca/pare Sensory Systems Question:
More informationAuditory and Vestibular Systems
Auditory and Vestibular Systems Objective To learn the functional organization of the auditory and vestibular systems To understand how one can use changes in auditory function following injury to localize
More informationChapter 14, Part 2! Chapter 14 Part 2 Brain/Cranial Nerves! The Cerebrum and Cranial Nerves! pp !
Chapter 14, Part 2! The Cerebrum and Cranial pp. 482 505! SECTION 14-9! The cerebrum, the largest region of the brain, contains motor, sensory, and association areas! 2! White Matter of the Cerebrum! 1.
More informationThe neurvous system senses, interprets, and responds to changes in the environment. Two types of cells makes this possible:
NERVOUS SYSTEM The neurvous system senses, interprets, and responds to changes in the environment. Two types of cells makes this possible: the neuron and the supporting cells ("glial cells"). Neuron Neurons
More informationDegree of freedom problem
KINE 4500 Neural Control of Movement Lecture #1:Introduction to the Neural Control of Movement Neural control of movement Kinesiology: study of movement Here we re looking at the control system, and what
More informationNervous System C H A P T E R 2
Nervous System C H A P T E R 2 Input Output Neuron 3 Nerve cell Allows information to travel throughout the body to various destinations Receptive Segment Cell Body Dendrites: receive message Myelin sheath
More informationChapter 14, Part 2! The Cerebrum and Cranial Nerves! pp !
Chapter 14, Part 2! The Cerebrum and Cranial pp. 482 505! SECTION 14-9! The cerebrum, the largest region of the brain, contains motor, sensory, and association areas! 2! 1! ! Chapter 14 Part 2 Brain/Cranial
More informationReceptors and Neurotransmitters: It Sounds Greek to Me. Agenda. What We Know About Pain 9/7/2012
Receptors and Neurotransmitters: It Sounds Greek to Me Cathy Carlson, PhD, RN Northern Illinois University Agenda We will be going through this lecture on basic pain physiology using analogies, mnemonics,
More informationKINE 4500 Neural Control of Movement. Lecture #1:Introduction to the Neural Control of Movement. Neural control of movement
KINE 4500 Neural Control of Movement Lecture #1:Introduction to the Neural Control of Movement Neural control of movement Kinesiology: study of movement Here we re looking at the control system, and what
More informationSOMATOSENSORY SYSTEMS: Conscious and Non-Conscious Proprioception Kimberle Jacobs, Ph.D.
SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEMS: Conscious and Non-Conscious Proprioception Kimberle Jacobs, Ph.D. Divisions of Somatosensory Systems The pathways that convey sensory modalities from the body to consciousness are
More informationDepartment of Neurology/Division of Anatomical Sciences
Spinal Cord I Lecture Outline and Objectives CNS/Head and Neck Sequence TOPIC: FACULTY: THE SPINAL CORD AND SPINAL NERVES, Part I Department of Neurology/Division of Anatomical Sciences LECTURE: Monday,
More informationCoding of Sensory Information
Coding of Sensory Information 22 November, 2016 Touqeer Ahmed PhD Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences National University of Sciences and Technology Sensory Systems Mediate Four Attributes of
More informationExam 1 PSYC Fall 1998
Exam 1 PSYC 2022 Fall 1998 (2 points) Briefly describe the difference between a dualistic and a materialistic explanation of brain-mind relationships. (1 point) True or False. George Berkely was a monist.
More informationBrain anatomy and artificial intelligence. L. Andrew Coward Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
Brain anatomy and artificial intelligence L. Andrew Coward Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia The Fourth Conference on Artificial General Intelligence August 2011 Architectures
More informationNervous System: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves (Chapter 13)
Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves (Chapter 13) Lecture Materials for Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. Suffolk County Community College Eastern Campus Primary Sources for figures and content: Marieb,
More informationSTRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE BRAIN The central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord, receives input from sensory neurons and directs
More informationIntroduction to sensory pathways. Gatsby / SWC induction week 25 September 2017
Introduction to sensory pathways Gatsby / SWC induction week 25 September 2017 Studying sensory systems: inputs and needs Stimulus Modality Robots Sensors Biological Sensors Outputs Light Vision Photodiodes
More informationIntroduction to the Nervous System. Code: HMP 100/ UPC 103/ VNP 100. Course: Medical Physiology. Level 1 MBChB/BDS/BPharm
Introduction to the Nervous System. Code: HMP 100/ UPC 103/ VNP 100. Course: Medical Physiology Level 1 MBChB/BDS/BPharm Lecture 2. Functional Organisation of the Nervous System Lecture Outline 1.1 Introduction
More informationNeural Basis of Motor Control
Neural Basis of Motor Control Central Nervous System Skeletal muscles are controlled by the CNS which consists of the brain and spinal cord. Determines which muscles will contract When How fast To what
More information1) Drop off in the Bi 150 box outside Baxter 331 or to the head TA (jcolas).
Bi/CNS/NB 150 Problem Set 5 Due: Tuesday, Nov. 24, at 4:30 pm Instructions: 1) Drop off in the Bi 150 box outside Baxter 331 or e-mail to the head TA (jcolas). 2) Submit with this cover page. 3) Use a
More informationNeocortex. Cortical Structures in the Brain. Neocortex Facts. Laminar Organization. Bark-like (cortical) structures: Shepherd (2004) Chapter 12
Neocortex Shepherd (2004) Chapter 12 Rodney Douglas, Henry Markram, and Kevan Martin Instructor: Yoonsuck Choe; CPSC 644 Cortical Networks Cortical Structures in the Brain Bark-like (cortical) structures:
More informationNeuronal Circuits and Neuronal Pools
Neuronal Circuits and Neuronal Pools Anatomical Orientation Clinical Orientation Atlas Fig. 6-24 The Reality of the Clinical Environment Atlas Fig. 6-24A One Cardinal Plane to Learn AND Understand
More informationskilled pathways: distal somatic muscles (fingers, hands) (brainstem, cortex) are giving excitatory signals to the descending pathway
L15 - Motor Cortex General - descending pathways: how we control our body - motor = somatic muscles and movement (it is a descending motor output pathway) - two types of movement: goal-driven/voluntary
More informationCerebellum: little brain. Cerebellum. gross divisions
Cerebellum The anatomy of the cerebellum and its gross divisions Its principal input and output pathways The organization of the cerebellar cortex Role of climbing vs. mossy fibre input The parallel-fibre/
More informationSensory Systems Part II. Sarah L. Chollar University of California, Riverside
Sensory Systems Part II Sarah L. Chollar University of California, Riverside sarah.chollar@gmail.com Somatosensory System Specialized Sensory Receptors: Mechanoreceptors Dermatomes Sensory Pathways Pain
More informationP. Hitchcock, Ph.D. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Kellogg Eye Center. Wednesday, 16 March 2009, 1:00p.m. 2:00p.m.
Normal CNS, Special Senses, Head and Neck TOPIC: CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES FACULTY: LECTURE: READING: P. Hitchcock, Ph.D. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Kellogg Eye Center Wednesday, 16 March
More informationCerebrum-Cerebral Hemispheres. Cuneyt Mirzanli Istanbul Gelisim University
Cerebrum-Cerebral Hemispheres Cuneyt Mirzanli Istanbul Gelisim University The largest part of the brain. Ovoid shape. Two incompletely separated cerebral hemispheres. The outer surface of the cerebral
More informationThe Nervous System. Nerves, nerves everywhere!
The Nervous System Nerves, nerves everywhere! Purpose of the Nervous System The information intake and response system of the body. Coordinates all body functions, voluntary and involuntary! Responds to
More informationThe Eye. Cognitive Neuroscience of Language. Today s goals. 5 From eye to brain. Today s reading
Cognitive Neuroscience of Language 5 From eye to brain Today s goals Look at the pathways that conduct the visual information from the eye to the visual cortex Marielle Lange http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mlange/teaching/cnl/
More information