Chapter 34 The Nervous System:
|
|
- Stewart Lynch
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Chapter 34 The Nervous System: 3.5 Learning Objectives Responses in the human 1. The nervous system: two-part division into the CNS and the PNS. 2. Neurons, name 3 types, give structure and function of parts. 3. Describe the electro-chemical movement of nerve impulses. 4. Define synapse and give its functions. 5. Discuss the activation and inactivation of neurotransmitters. 6. Describe the CNS. Giving the location and function of the main parts of the brain. 7. Draw and label a cross-section of spinal cord. 8. Name any one example of a nervous system disorder, one possible cause, prevention, and treatment. 9. Describe the Peripheral nervous system: location of nerve fibres and cell bodies. 10. Explain the role, structure and mechanisms of the reflex action. In animals there are two systems responsible for coordination of activities in the body: - The Endocrine System - The Nervous System The Nervous System allows for rapid responses to stimuli or changes in the environment The Nervous System consists of two parts. - The Central Nervous System (CNS): consists of the Brain and Spinal Cord. - The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): consists of a network of nerves that carry messages between the CNS and the rest of the body. Nervous System Terms A stimulus is any change in your environment. A receptor is a nerve cell that detects the stimulus. A neuron is a specialised cell that carries electrical messages (impulses) around the body. An impulse is an electrical message that is carried along a neuron. An effector is part of an organism which carries out a response. There are four key stages involved in response to a stimulus: 1. Reception: detection of the stimulus by sense organs and nerves. 2. Transmission: The Message is carried from the neurons in the PNS to those in the CNS.
2 3. Integration: The Brain sorts and processes the incoming messages. 4. Response: Once the effectors receive a signal from the CNS they are stimulated to respond. Neurons (Nerve Cells): The basic units of the nervous system and carry electrical impulses around the body. 3 Types: Sensory (Afferent) neurons: take impulses from sense organs to CNS. Motor (Efferent) neurons: Take impulses from CNS to effectors. Interneurons: carry information between sensory and motor neurons. Function of Neuron Parts: Receptor: Organ or group of cells that detect stimulus. Nerve Endings: Connect sensory neurons to receptors. Dendrites: Fibres that carry impulses toward the cell body. Axons: Carry impulses away from cell bodies. Schwann Cells: Form the myelin sheath. Myelin Sheath: Insulate the electrical impulses. Nodes of Ranvier: Are gaps in insulation that speed up impulse speed. Cell Body: Forms the dendrites and axons that emerge from it. They produce neurotransmitter chemicals. - In sensory (afferent) neurons they are located outside the CNS. - In motor (efferent) neurons they are located inside the CNS. A Ganglion: A group of cell bodies outside the CNS (inside the PNS). A nerve or nerve fibre consists of a number of axons and cell bodies (ganglion) grouped together. (The nerves usually share Myelin sheaths).
3 Transmission of Nerve Impulses An axon branches into many axon terminals each with a neurotransmitter swelling on the end. These swellings release neurotransmitter chemicals which carry the impulse from one nerve cell to another. The movement of the impulse along the dendrite and axon involves the movement of charged particles called ions. At rest an axon has positive ions outside and negative ions inside. When a stimulus is received it has a domino effect and the charges are swapped, moving along the axon. The change in charge in one section causes a change in the next section. For a stimulus to be carried it must reach a certain threshold. The threshold is the minimum stimulus needed to cause an impulse to be carried. An impulse is either carried or not. The all or nothing law states that if the threshold is reached an impulse is carried, but if the threshold is not reached no impulse is carried. Sensitivity (mild Vs severe pain) depends not on the strength of the stimulus but on the number of neurons stimulated. Once a neuron is in the process of carrying one impulse it cannot carry another. This is similar to when dominoes fall you cannot push them again until you stand them up. The Refractory Period is a short timespan after a neuron has carried an impulse during which a stimulus fails to cause a response.
4 As mentioned earlier once the impulse reaches the end of an axon, the axon terminals release neurotransmitters to pass the impulse to the (dendrites) next neuron. Synapse: the region where two neurons come into close contact. The synaptic cleft: the tiny gap between two neurons at a synapse. Synapse Functions: 1. Pass impulse from one neuron to another or to an effector. 2. Control the direction of an impulse. 3. Act as valves. Neurotransmitters only on pre-synaptic end. 4. They prevent over stimulation of effectors (switch off impulses). 5. Some drugs block synapses and prevent transfer of impulses. Used in painkillers and psychiatric disorders. Neurotransmitters Neurotransmitters are chemicals released by swellings on axon terminals to pass an impulse from the axon on one neuron to the dendrite of another. - They are necessary as the electrical impulses (ions) cannot cross a synapse. - The enzymes required to make these neurotransmitters are made in the cell body. Over 60 neurotransmitters are known but the most common include: - Acetylcholine (Ach) - Noradrenalin - Dopamine Neurotransmitters are released by the axon terminals (pre-synaptic neuron), diffuse across the synaptic cleft and activate the dendrite receptors on the next neuron (post-synaptic neuron). - Once the process is complete enzymes digest the neurotransmitters, which are reabsorbed into the axon terminals and recycled. The Central Nervous System The CNS consists of the Brain and Spinal Cord. - Both are protected by bone and are covered by three membranes called meninges. - The space between the inner two layers is filled with cerebrospinal fluid which acts as a shock absorber and an exchange medium between the blood and brain.
5 The CNS - The Brain The CNS The Spinal Cord The spinal cord is located in the neural canal of the vertebrae. It is composed of nerve tissue and protected by the vertebrae and the meninges that protect it. It carries messages to and from the brain and sense organs. The sensory neurons enter the spinal cord through the dorsal route. The dorsal root ganglion consists of cell bodies and sensory neurons. The white matter contains axons. The grey matter contains cell bodies and dendrites. Interneurons connect sensory and motor neurons. The motor neurons leave the spinal cord through the ventral route. CNS DISORDER = PARKINSONS DISEASE Cause: Failure to produce a neurotransmitter called Dopamine. Symptoms: Inability to control muscle contractions. Trembling of hands, rigid legs, staring eyes. Prevention: None at the moment. Treatment: Physiotherapy to strengthen muscles. Treatment with drugs to mimic dopamine.
6 The Peripheral Nervous System The PNS consists of all the nerve fibres around the body (not including the brain and spinal cord). - The cell bodies of sensory nerves are located in the ganglia in the PNS. - The cell bodies of motor neurons are found in the CNS. A Reflex Action is an automatic, involuntary, unthinking response to a stimulus. - They are fast responses. - Generally involve flight or fight protection responses. - Also include responses such as blinking, breathing, control of blood pressure, pulling back if we get burnt, our eyes adjusting to a change in light. A reflex arc is a basic unit of response in the nervous system. - It involves receptors, nerves and effectors. - It involves such a fast reaction that although the brain is made aware of the impulse it does not control the response. The reflex response associated with burning your finger involves an impulse being sent to the spinal cord and being responded to, without the control of the brain.
Nervous System. Lesson 11
Nervous System Lesson 11 Reflex Arcs 1. Patellar reflex Causes leg to kick up 2. Achilles reflex Causes foot to jerk forward 3. Triceps reflex Causes arm to straighten 4. Babinski reflex 4. Pupil Dilation
More informationChapter 17 Nervous System
Chapter 17 Nervous System 1 The Nervous System Two Anatomical Divisions Central Nervous System (CNS) Brain and Spinal Cord Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Two Types of Cells Neurons Transmit nerve impulses
More information35-2 The Nervous System Slide 1 of 38
1 of 38 35-2 The Nervous System The nervous system controls and coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. 2 of 38 Neurons Neurons The messages carried by
More informationNervous system. Made up of. Peripheral nervous system. Central nervous system. The central nervous system The peripheral nervous system.
Made up of The central nervous system The peripheral nervous system Nervous system Central nervous system Peripheral nervous system Brain Spinal Cord Cranial nerve Spinal nerve branch from the brain connect
More informationNeurons, Synapses, and Signaling
Chapter 48 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions
More informationNeurons Chapter 7 2/19/2016. Learning Objectives. Cells of the Nervous System. Cells of the Nervous System. Cells of the Nervous System
Learning Objectives Neurons Chapter 7 Identify and describe the functions of the two main divisions of the nervous system. Differentiate between a neuron and neuroglial cells in terms of structure and
More informationNeurons, Synapses, and Signaling
Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling The Neuron is the functional unit of the nervous system. Neurons are composed of a cell body, which contains the nucleus and organelles; Dendrites which are extensions
More informationStudy Guide Answer Key Nervous System
Biology 12 Human Biology Textbook: BC Biology 12 Study Guide Answer Key Nervous System 1. Draw a neuron, label 3 parts and give the function of those parts. Dendrite: carry signals to the cell body Cell
More informationThe Nervous System PART A
7 The Nervous System PART A PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB Structural Classification
More informationFunction of the Nervous System
Nervous System Function of the Nervous System Receive sensory information, interpret it, and send out appropriate commands to form a response Composed of neurons (functional unit of the nervous system)
More informationThe Nervous System SBI4U
SBI4U The Nervous System Central Nervous System (CNS): consists of the brain and spinal cord Acts as the coordinating centre for incoming and outgoing information Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): consists
More informationChapter Six Review Sections 1 and 2
NAME PER DATE Chapter Six Review Sections 1 and 2 Matching: 1. afferent nerves 2. autonomic nervous system 3. cell body 4. central nervous system (CNS) 5. dendrites 6. efferent nerves 7. myelin sheath
More informationTHE NERVOUS SYSTEM III
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM III Small Review Review What is this? A neuron What does it do? Receives and transmits information Sending a signal How are signals sent in the nervous system? Message travels from neuron
More informationChapter 12 Nervous System Review Assignment
Name: Class: Date: Chapter 12 Nervous System Review Assignment Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which part of a neuron receives an impulse
More informationD) around, bypassing B) toward
Nervous System Practice Questions 1. Which of the following are the parts of neurons? A) brain, spinal cord, and vertebral column B) dendrite, axon, and cell body C) sensory and motor D) cortex, medulla
More informationBiology 3201 Quiz on Nervous System. Total 33 points
Biology 3201 Quiz on Nervous System Total 33 points Name: Circle the best response to the following: (33 points) 1. What do we call the long fibre that carries impulses away from the nerve cell body? A.
More informationBiological Psychology. Key Point for this Unit: Everything psychological is simultaneously biological!!
Biological Psychology Key Point for this Unit: Everything psychological is simultaneously biological!! NEURON Dendrites Dendrites receive messages from other cells and conduct impulses toward the cell
More informationThe Nervous System & Nervous tissue. Dr. Ali Ebneshahidi
The Nervous System & Nervous tissue Dr. Ali Ebneshahidi Functions of the Nervous System 1. Nervous system and endocrine system are the chief control centers in maintaining body homeostasis. 2. Nervous
More informationsensory input receptors integration Human Anatomy motor output Ch. 7 effectors Structural classification
Human Anatomy Ch. 7 I. The Nervous System A. General characteristics 1. body s control & communication center a. 3 overlapping functions 1) sensory input: receptors monitor stimuli 2) integration: processes,
More informationThe Nervous System II Neurons
The Nervous System II Neurons Review Nervous System What is it? The system that receives, processes, stores and transmits information that comes from various parts of the body and the external world. Composed
More informationAxon Nerve impulse. Axoplasm Receptor. Axomembrane Stimuli. Schwann cell Effector. Myelin Cell body
Nervous System Review 1. Explain a reflex arc. 2. Know the structure, function and location of a sensory neuron, interneuron, and motor neuron 3. What is (a) Neuron Axon Nerve impulse Axoplasm Receptor
More informationBio11: The Nervous System. Body control systems. The human brain. The human brain. The Cerebrum. What parts of your brain are you using right now?
Bio11: The Nervous System Body control systems Nervous system Quick Sends message directly to target organ Endocrine system Sends a hormone as a messenger to the target organ Can target several organs
More informationChapter 7. The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement
Chapter 7 The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement Objectives Discuss the general organization of the nervous system Describe the structure & function of a nerve Draw and label the pathways
More informationChapter 7. Objectives
Chapter 7 The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement Objectives Discuss the general organization of the nervous system Describe the structure & function of a nerve Draw and label the pathways
More informationBiology 12 Human Biology - The Nervous System Name. Main reference: Biology Concepts and Connects Sixth edition Chapter 28
Biology 12 Human Biology - The Nervous System Name Main reference: Biology Concepts and Connects Sixth edition Chapter 28 Vocabulary acetylcholine (ACh), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), action potential,
More informationNervous Systems: Diversity & Functional Organization
Nervous Systems: Diversity & Functional Organization Diversity of Neural Signaling The diversity of neuron structure and function allows neurons to play many roles. 3 basic function of all neurons: Receive
More informationThe Nervous System 12/11/2015
The Nervous System Biology 12 Unit 3: Homeostasis December 11, 2015 The nervous system is an elaborate communication system that contains more than 100 billion nerve cells in the brain alone There are
More informationMeyers' A&P February 15, Unit 7. The Nervous System. I. Functions of the Nervous System. Monitors body's internal and external enviornments
Unit 7 The Nervous System I. Functions of the Nervous System Monitors body's internal and external enviornments Integrates sensory information Coordinates voluntary & involuntary responses of many other
More informationChapter 12 Nervous System Written Assignment KEY
Chapter 12 Nervous System Written Assignment KEY 1. Describe, in correct order, the events that occur during the transmission of a nerve impulse (action potential) as it travels from point X to point Y.
More informationChapter 8 Nervous System
Chapter 8 Nervous System Two message centers: Functions of these systems: 1. * 2. * Overview of the Nervous System Parts: General Functions: Functions Sensory input: Sensation via nerves Integration: interpretation
More informationThe nervous system regulates most body systems using direct connections called nerves. It enables you to sense and respond to stimuli
The nervous system regulates most body systems using direct connections called nerves. It enables you to sense and respond to stimuli The basic function of nervous system are: Receive sensory input internal
More informationNERVOUS SYSTEM C H A P T E R 2 8
NERVOUS SYSTEM C H A P T E R 2 8 CAN AN INJURED SPINAL CORD BE FIXED? Injuries to the spinal cord disrupt communication between the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the rest of the body
More informationNervous System (Part A-1) Module 8 -Chapter 14
Nervous System (Part A-1) Module 8 -Chapter 14 Overview Susie Turner, M.D. 1/9/13 Cellular structure of the nervous system Neurons Neuroglia Nervous System Divisions Central nervous system Peripheral nervous
More informationAP Biology Unit 6. The Nervous System
AP Biology Unit 6 The Nervous System Branches of the Nervous System There are 2 main branches of the nervous system Central Nervous System Brain Spinal Cord Peripheral Nervous System All nerves leading
More informationBody control systems. Nervous system. Organization of Nervous Systems. The Nervous System. Two types of cells. Organization of Nervous System
Body control systems Nervous system Nervous system Quick Sends message directly to target organ Endocrine system Sends a hormone as a messenger to the target organ Slower acting Longer lasting response
More informationThursday, January 22, Nerve impulse
Nerve impulse Transmembrane Potential caused by ions moving through cell membrane at different rates Two main ions of concern Na + - Sodium K + - potassium Cell membrane not freely permeable therefore
More informationUnit III. Biological Bases of Behavior
Unit III Biological Bases of Behavior Module 9: Biological Psychology and Neurotransmission Module 10: The Nervous and Endocrine Systems Module 11: Studying the Brain, and Other Structures Module 12: The
More informationOutline. Neuron Structure. Week 4 - Nervous System. The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses
Outline Week 4 - The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses Neurons Neuron structures Types of neurons Electrical activity of neurons Depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization Synapses Release of
More informationNeurophysiology scripts. Slide 2
Neurophysiology scripts Slide 2 Nervous system and Endocrine system both maintain homeostasis in the body. Nervous system by nerve impulse and Endocrine system by hormones. Since the nerve impulse is an
More informationIntroduction to Neurobiology
Biology 240 General Zoology Introduction to Neurobiology Nervous System functions: communication of information via nerve signals integration and processing of information control of physiological and
More informationThe Nervous System 7PART A. PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College
PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College The Nervous System 7PART A Functions of the Nervous System Sensory input gathering information To monitor
More informationANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF NEURONS. AP Biology Chapter 48
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF NEURONS AP Biology Chapter 48 Objectives Describe the different types of neurons Describe the structure and function of dendrites, axons, a synapse, types of ion channels, and
More informationNeural and Hormonal Systems
PSYCHOLOGY (8th Edition, in Modules) David Myers PowerPoint Slides Worth Publishers, 2007 1 Neural and Hormonal Systems Module 4 2 Neural and Hormonal Systems Neural Communication Neurons How Neurons Communicate
More informationUnit 2 Notes: Cells & Organization
Unit 2 Notes: Cells & Organization (1) Neurons A neuron is a nerve cell. There are 2 types of neurons: Multipolar and Unipolar Every neuron has the same structural parts: Dendrites Receive incoming messages.
More informationFunctions of Nervous System Neuron Structure
Chapter 10 Nervous System I Divisions of the Nervous System Cell Types of Neural Tissue neurons neuroglial cells Central Nervous System brain spinal cord Peripheral Nervous System nerves cranial nerves
More informationNERVOUS SYSTEM CELLS. a. afferent division CHAPTER 12 ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. Student Name
Student Name CHAPTER 12 NERVOUS SYSTEM CELLS T he nervous system organizes and coordinates the millions of impulses received each day to make communication with and enjoyment of our environment possible.
More informationChapter 17. Nervous System Nervous systems receive sensory input, interpret it, and send out appropriate commands. !
Chapter 17 Sensory receptor Sensory input Integration Nervous System Motor output Brain and spinal cord Effector cells Peripheral nervous system (PNS) Central nervous system (CNS) 28.1 Nervous systems
More informationPrimary Functions. Monitor changes. Integrate input. Initiate a response. External / internal. Process, interpret, make decisions, store information
NERVOUS SYSTEM Monitor changes External / internal Integrate input Primary Functions Process, interpret, make decisions, store information Initiate a response E.g., movement, hormone release, stimulate/inhibit
More informationACTIVITY2.15 Text:Campbell,v.8,chapter48 DATE HOUR NERVOUS SYSTEMS NEURON
AP BIOLOGY ACTIVITY2.15 Text:Campbell,v.8,chapter48 NAME DATE HOUR NERVOUS SYSTEMS NEURON SIMPLE REFLEX RESTING POTENTIAL ACTION POTENTIAL ACTION POTENTIAL GRAPH TRANSMISSION ACROSS A SYNAPSE QUESTIONS:
More informationBranches of the Nervous System
The Nervous System Branches of the Nervous System There are 2 main branches of the nervous system Central Nervous System Brain Spinal Cord Peripheral Nervous System All nerves leading to rest of body Anatomy
More informationTHE NERVOUS SYSTEM. Station 9 : THE SPINAL CORD
Station 9 : THE SPINAL CORD The spinal cord is a long thin bundle of nerve cells that extends from the medulla of the brainstem all the way down the vertebral column. The spinal cord is made up of gray
More informationNervous System. Master controlling and communicating system of the body. Secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters
Nervous System Master controlling and communicating system of the body Interacts with the endocrine system to control and coordinate the body s responses to changes in its environment, as well as growth,
More information6.5 Nerves, Hormones and Homeostasis
6.5 Nerves, Hormones and Homeostasis IB Biology SL Part 1 - Nerves Outcomes Part 1 6.5.1State that the nervous system consists of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nerves, and is composed
More informationBiological Psychology
Unit 3a Defini,ons Biological Psychology = a branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior. Some biological psychologists call themselves behavioral neuroscientists, neuropsychologists,
More informationNervous Tissue Nervous tissue is the term for groups of organized cells in the nervous system, which is the organ system that controls the body s
Nervous Tissue Nervous tissue is the term for groups of organized cells in the nervous system, which is the organ system that controls the body s movements, sends and carries signals to and from the different
More informationThe Nervous System An overview
Nervous System The Nervous System An overview Includes Nerve tissue Sense organs Functions to Sense environment Process information it receives Respond to information 1 Copyright 2009 Pearson Education,
More informationLECTURE STRUCTURE ASC171 NERVOUS SYSTEM PART 1: BACKGROUND 26/07/2015. Module 5
LECTURE STRUCTURE PART 1: Background / Introduction PART 2: Structure of the NS, how it operates PART 3: CNS PART 4: PNS Why did the action potential cross the synaptic junction? To get to the other side
More informationNervous System. 2. Receives information from the environment from CNS to organs and glands. 1. Relays messages, processes info, analyzes data
Nervous System 1. Relays messages, processes info, analyzes data 2. Receives information from the environment from CNS to organs and glands 3. Transmits impulses from CNS to muscles and glands 4. Transmits
More informationaction potential afferent neuron Weblike; specifically, the weblike middle layer of the three meninges. arachnoid astrocytes autonomic nervous system
action potential A large transient depolarization event, including polarity reversal, that is conducted along the membrane of a muscle cell or a nerve fiber. afferent neuron Nerve cell that carries impulses
More informationWarm-Up. Label the parts of the neuron below.
Warm-Up Label the parts of the neuron below. A B C D E F G Warm-Up 1. One neuron transmits a nerve impulse at 40 m/s. Another conducts at the rate of 1 m/s. Which neuron has a myelinated axon? 2. List
More informationThe Nervous System. Functions of the Nervous System input gathering To monitor occurring inside and outside the body Changes =
The Nervous System Functions of the Nervous System input gathering To monitor occurring inside and outside the body Changes = To process and sensory input and decide if is needed output A response to integrated
More informationChapter 7. The Nervous System
Chapter 7 The Nervous System General overview of the nervous system functions Sensory input (info travels in along afferent pathways) Integration (information is processed) Sensory neurons Spinal cord
More informationChapter 7 Nervous System
Chapter 7 Nervous System Two message centers: Functions of these systems: 1. * 2. * Overview of the Nervous System Parts: General Functions: Functions Sensory input: Sensation via nerves Integration: interpretation
More informationAP PSYCH Unit 3A Biological Basis Of Behavior Neural Processing & The Endocrine System
AP PSYCH Unit 3A Biological Basis Of Behavior Neural Processing & The Endocrine System 1. Everything psychological is simultaneously biological 2. What are neurons and how do they communicate? 3. How do
More informationThe Nervous System. Anatomy of a Neuron
The Nervous System Chapter 38.1-38.5 Anatomy of a Neuron I. Dendrites II. Cell Body III. Axon Synaptic terminal 1 Neuron Connections dendrites cell body terminal cell body cell body terminals dendrites
More informationNERVOUS SYSTEM. Academic Resource Center. Forskellen mellem oscillator og krystal
NERVOUS SYSTEM Academic Resource Center Forskellen mellem oscillator og krystal Overview of the Nervous System Peripheral nervous system-pns cranial nerves spinal nerves ganglia peripheral nerves enteric
More informationChapter 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Chapter Outline
Chapter 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Chapter Outline Module 11.1 Overview of the Nervous System (Figures 11.1-11.3) A. The nervous system controls our perception and experience
More informationGeneral Functions (3) 1.Sensory gathers information 2.Integrative information is brought together 3.Motor responds to signals, homeostasis
Nervous System Responsible for being aware of the world, coordinating body functions and maintaining homeostasis Information from inside and outside the body is brought to the brain and spinal cord, stimulating
More information-The process by which organisms maintain, control, and coordinate their internal environment with a constantly changing external environment
-The process by which organisms maintain, control, and coordinate their internal environment with a constantly changing external environment -It is all of the activities that help to maintain an organism
More informationOutline. Animals: Nervous system. Neuron and connection of neurons. Key Concepts:
Animals: Nervous system Neuron and connection of neurons Outline 1. Key concepts 2. An Overview and Evolution 3. Human Nervous System 4. The Neurons 5. The Electrical Signals 6. Communication between Neurons
More informationConcept 48.1 Neuron organization and structure reflect function in information transfer
Name Chapter 48: Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Period Chapter 48: Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Concept 48.1 Neuron organization and structure reflect function in information transfer 1. What is
More informationNEURONS Chapter Neurons: specialized cells of the nervous system 2. Nerves: bundles of neuron axons 3. Nervous systems
NEURONS Chapter 12 Figure 12.1 Neuronal and hormonal signaling both convey information over long distances 1. Nervous system A. nervous tissue B. conducts electrical impulses C. rapid communication 2.
More informationYou can follow the path of the neural signal. The sensory neurons detect a stimulus in your finger and send that information to the CNS.
1 Nervous system maintains coordination through the use of electrical and chemical processes. There are three aspects: sensory, motor, and integrative, which we will discuss throughout the system. The
More informationPARTS central nervous system brain and spinal cord nerve bundle of neurons wrapped in connective tissue
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY Electrical Properties of Nerve cells (neurons) Electro physiology of neurons lie in Membrane Physiology Model organisms is Squid Giant Axon (SGA) diversity of Nervous systems NERVOUS SYSTEM
More informationNervous System. Chapter Structure of the Nervous System. Neurons
33.1 Structure of the Neurons Neurons are specialized nerve cells that help you gather information about your environment, interpret the information, and react to it. Neurons consist of three main regions:
More informationNervous System CHAPTER 9. Copyright 2016 by Elsevier, Inc.
Nervous System CHAPTER 9 Copyright 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. Neurons and Supporting Cells Copyright 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. 2 Communication and Control Systems nervous system endocrine system uses chemicals
More informationBIOH111. o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system
BIOH111 o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 1 TEXTBOOK AND REQUIRED/RECOMMENDED
More informationBIOL241 - Lecture 12a
Cranial Nerves, source: training.seer.cancer.gov Nervous System Overview BIOL241 - Lecture 12a 1 Topics Divisions of the NS: CNS and PNS Structure and types of neurons Synapses Structure and function of
More informationNervous System. Chapter 9 Pages
Nervous System Chapter 9 Pages 211-257 Chapter 9 Wordbytes 1. af- = toward 11. -ferrent = carried 2. arachn- = spider 12. gangli- = swelling 3. astro- = star 13. -glia = glue 4. auto- = self 14. mening-
More informationPage 1. Neurons Transmit Signal via Action Potentials: neuron At rest, neurons maintain an electrical difference across
Chapter 33: The Nervous System and the Senses Neurons: Specialized excitable cells that allow for communication throughout the body via electrical impulses Neuron Anatomy / Function: 1) Dendrites: Receive
More informationUNIT 3 - THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. - DIVISIONs - THE NEURON
UNIT 3 - THE NERVOUS SYSTEM - DIVISIONs - THE NEURON CHARACTERISTICS COMPLEXITY: nerve cells connecting allow you to do EVERYTHING you will ever do INTEGRATION: brain pulls all information you get together
More informationBiology 218 Human Anatomy
Chapter 17 Adapted form Tortora 10 th ed. LECTURE OUTLINE A. Overview of the Nervous System (p. 537) 1. The nervous system and the endocrine system are the body s major control and integrating centers.
More information1. Name the two major divisions of the nervous system and list the organs within each. Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System
CHAPTER 10: NERVOUS SYSTEM I OBJECTIVES 1. Name the two major divisions of the nervous system and list the organs within each. Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System Brain Spinal Cord Cranial
More informationChapter 11: Nervous System and Nervous Tissue
Chapter 11: Nervous System and Nervous Tissue I. Functions and divisions of the nervous system A. Sensory input: monitor changes in internal and external environment B. Integrations: make decisions about
More informationChapter 12 Nervous Tissue. Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1
Chapter 12 Nervous Tissue Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1 Terms to Know CNS PNS Afferent division Efferent division Somatic nervous system Autonomic nervous system Sympathetic nervous system Parasympathetic
More informationNeural and Hormonal Systems
Neural and Hormonal Systems Explains why we feel strong, sad, happy & nervous. Neurons are specialized cells of the nervous system that transmit signals throughout the body Soma The cell body of a neuron,
More informationWhat is a stimulus? A2 Unit 5: Survival and response Organisms increase their chances of survival by responding to changes in their environment.
A2 Unit 5: Survival and response Organisms increase their chances of survival by responding to changes in their environment. What is a stimulus? A stimulus is a change in the internal or external environment
More informationThe Nervous System. Chapter 35: Biology II
The Nervous System Chapter 35: Biology II Anatomy and Physiology Anatomy: the study of structure Physiology: The study of how living organisms function, including such processes as nutrition, movement,
More informationFive Levels of Organization Cell Tissue Organ Organ System Organism
28.1 35.1 Levels Human of Body Organization Systems Five Levels of Organization Cell Tissue Organ Organ System Organism ORGANS ORGAN SYSTEM ORGANISM 28.1 35.1 Levels Human of Body Organization Systems
More informationBlood & Nervous Tissue. Blood. Nervous Tissue 10/13/2008. BY: Jeremiah Peters, Brett Maggard, Miranda Asher, and Benjamin Oakes
Blood & Nervous Tissue BY: Jeremiah Peters, Brett Maggard, Miranda Asher, and Benjamin Oakes Blood Fluid within blood vessels Doesn t connect or give mechanical support Transports Nutrients, wastes, respiratory
More informationUnit Three. I. General Functions of the Nervous System. I. General Functions of the Nervous System
10 Refer to the following URLs. It is a good idea to print them and bring them to class. Be sure to study these along with your book. http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/nervous.html http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/ap.html
More informationThe Nervous System. The right half of the brain controls the left half of the body. This means that only left handed people are in their right mind.
The Nervous System The right half of the brain controls the left half of the body. This means that only left handed people are in their right mind. Central Nervous System Made up of brain and spinal cord
More informationEndocrine System Nervous System
Cells Endocrine System Nervous System Tissues Controls Organs Nervous System vs Endocrine System Electrical signals (graded potentials and action potentials) and chemical signals (neurotransmitters) Fast
More informationNeurophysiology. Corresponding textbook pages: ,
Neurophysiology Corresponding textbook pages: 436-440, 442-455 Organization Helps maintain homeostasis in the body Nervous system and endocrine system Nervous system is faster due to nerve impulses 1 Fig.
More informationLesson 33. Objectives: References: Chapter 16: Reading for Next Lesson: Chapter 16:
Lesson 33 Lesson Outline: Nervous System Structure and Function Neuronal Tissue Supporting Cells Neurons Nerves Functional Classification of Neuronal Tissue Organization of the Nervous System Peripheral
More information1. What are the two basic types of cells in the nervous system? Neurons and Glial Cells
Biological Psychology Basic Structure of a Neuron 1. What are the two basic types of cells in the nervous system? Neurons and Glial Cells a. Cells that process incoming signals and respond by sending out
More informationWHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM?
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM LEARNING OBJECTIVES To state the function of the Nervous system. To describe the structure and workings of the nervous system. To name the major parts of the nervous system. To describe
More informationEndocrine System Nervous System
Cells Endocrine System Nervous System Tissues Controls Organs Nervous System vs Endocrine System Electrical signals (graded potentials and action potentials) and chemical signals (neurotransmitters) Fast
More informationThe Nervous System AP Biology
The Nervous System 2005-2006 Neuron (nerve cell) signal direction dendrites cell body Structure fits function, it have many entry points for signal one path out transmits signal Nodes of Ranvier axon signal
More information