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1 Supplementary Materials for A mucosal vaccine against Chlamydia trachomatis generates two waves of protective memory T cells Georg Stary,* Andrew Olive, Aleksandar F. Radovic-Moreno, David Gondek, David Alvarez, Pamela A. Basto, Mario Perro, Vladimir D. Vrbanac, Andrew M. Tager, Jinjun Shi, Jeremy A. Yethon, Omid C. Farokhzad, Robert Langer, Michael N. Starnbach, Ulrich H. von Andrian* *Corresponding author. uva@hms.harvard.edu (U.H.v.A.); georg_stary@hms.harvard.edu (G.S.) Published 19 June 215, Science 348, aaa825 (215) DOI: /science.aaa825 This PDF file includes: Figs. S1 to S1
2 Supplementary Materials: Figures S1 S1 Supplementary Figure 1. Assessment of uterine Ct burden in immunized mice. Representative micrographs of McCoy cells stained with Evans blue (red) incubated with titrated tissue homogenates of uteri harvested on day 5 after Ct challenge to detect inclusion forming units (IFUs) of Ct. IFUs were identified by staining with anti-momp mab (green). Original magnification 4X. Quantitative data are provided in Fig. 2C. 1
3 1 2 Chlamydia burden (pg Ct DNA / µg host DNA) Naive Ct-E UV-Ct-E-cSAP Supplementary Figure 2. Protection against Chlamydia serovar E. Ct burden following i.u. challenge with live Ct-E 4 weeks after immunization with Ct-E or UV-Ct- E-cSAP. n = 3 mice/group; broken line indicates limit of detection; P<.1. 2
4 A OD ND Naive Ct UV-Ct UV-Ct-cSAP LOD B CD8 T cells (total number) No Uterus * * Ct UV-Ct UV-Ct-cSAP Supplementary Figure 3. Ct-specific antibodies and uterine CD8 T cells after UV-CtcSAP immunization. (A) Anti-Ct IgG titers in serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 4 weeks after immunization. Symbols represent optical densities (OD) of sera from individual mice. Results were pooled from two independent experiments. P<.1. ND, not detected; LOD, limit of detection. (B) Frequency of CD8 T cells in the uterus 4 days after immunization (n = 4-6 mice/group; *P<.5; P<.1). Error bars show mean ± SEM. 3
5 Chlamydia burden (pg Ct DNA / µg host DNA) Naive Ct UV-Ct-cSAPs Naive Ct UV-Ct-cSAPs WT RAG-2 -/- Supplementary Figure 4. Immunized RAG-2 -/- mice do not develop immunity or tolerance against Ct challenge. Ct burden following i.u. challenge with live Ct 4 weeks after immunization of RAG-2 -/- mice (n= 5 mice/group; P<.1). 4
6 A Live Gate Doublet exclusion CD4 + T cells NR1 cells 75.3 SSC FSC-W CD8 8.4 Vβ8.3 FSC FSC-H CD4 Vα2 B Naïve NR1 cells Naïve NR1 cells CD62L CXCR CD44 KLGR-1 Supplementary Figure 5. Phenotype of NR1 T N cells. (A) Gating strategy to identify TCR transgenic (i.e. CD4 + Vβ8.3 + Vα2 + ) T cells among splenic and LN mononuclear cells from NR1 mice. (B) Representative dot plots of CD4 + Vβ8.3 + Vα2 + NR1 cells stained for differentiation and activation markers indicate a predominant CD62L + CD44 low CXCR3 KLRG1 phenotype characteristic of T N. 5
7 A SSC FSC-W SSC CD13 B FSC FSC-H CD11c CD11b CX3CR % of Max I-Ab F4/8 + CD13 - F4/8 - CD13 - F4/8 - CD13 + F4/8 C E Class-II + cells (total number) <PE-Cy7-A>: CD11c CD13 - DCs <Pacific Blue-A>: CD11b Naive Ct UV-Ct UV-CtcSAP CD13 - DCs <FITC-A>: CX3CR1 GFP D APC Frequency (% of Class-II + ) CD13 + DCs Naive Ct UV-Ct UV-CtcSAP F4/8+ Mac CD13- DC CD13+ DC CD86 CD13 - DCs IL-12 CD13 + DCs PD-L-2 UV-Ct Ct UV-Ct-cSAP CD8 IL-1 Supplementary Figure 6. Composition of Ag-presenting cells in uteri of naïve and immunized mice. (A) Gating strategy for MHC class II + uterine APC subsets. (B) Representative histogram plots of CD11c, CD11b and CX3CR1 expression on CD45 + MHC-II + uterine APC subsets in naïve mice. (C) Total number of uterine APCs and (D) relative distribution of APC subsets 18 hours after immunization, the timepoint at which APC subsets were harvested for experiments in Fig. 5B and D-F. (n=5 mice/group). (E) Representative 6
8 histogram plots of costimulatory molecule and cytokine expression on CD13 + and CD13 uterine DC subsets following immunization with Ct (green), UV-Ct (red) or UV-Ct-cSAP (blue). Error bars show mean ± SEM. 7
9 Chlamydia burden (pg Ct DNA / µg host DNA) months post i.n. immunization ns Naive Ct UV-Ct UV-Ct-cSAP 1-1 Supplementary Figure 7. Long-term protection of mice after i.n. UV-Ct csap immunization. Ct burden was determined by qpcr following i.u. Ct challenge 6 months after s.c. or i.n. immunization as shown in Fig. 1A (n = 5-6 mice/group; P<.1). ns, non significant. 8
10 CD9.1 s.c. i.n. A 1.93 i.u. t.c Vα2 B i.n. immunization CD326 CD9.1 CD31 Merge cav C i.u. immunization CD326 CD9.1 CD31 Merge cav cav Supplementary Figure 8. Accumulation of Ct-specific T cells in blood and uterus after s.c., i.n. or i.u. immunization with UV-Ct csap. (A) Representative FACS plots of uterus resident T cells 3 days after immunization. (B) Representative confocal micrographs of uterine mucosa stained with anti-cd326 (epithelial cells, green), anticd9.1 (transgenic marker for NR1 cells, red) and anti-cd31 (endothelial cells, grey) 3 days after intranasal or (C) intrauterine immunization. cav, uterine cavity. Scale bar: 7 µm. Original magnification 4X. 9
11 A 3 Spleen B 3 Uterus C Total CD4 x 1,, Total NR Total CD4 x 1, 2 1 Gr.1 Gr.2 Gr.3 Gr.1 Gr.2 Gr.3 Spleen Gr.1 Gr.2 Gr.3 D Proliferating NR1s (%) Proliferation Rate Gr.1 Gr.3 BrdU+ (overnight) Ki-67+ Supplementary Figure 9. Effect of anti-α4 MAb treatment on bulk CD4 T cells and NR1 cells in spleen and uterus. (A-C) T cell numbers were quantified by flow cytometry in single-cell suspensions of tissues from experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 described in Fig. 6E (n = 5 mice per group, P<.1). Total number of CD4 + T cells in (A) spleen and (B) uterus. (C) Total number of splenic NR1 cells. (D) The proliferation rate of uterine NR1 T RM cells in groups 1 and 3 was determined after Ct challenge using FACS to assess BrDU uptake or Ki-67 staining to detect actively dividing cells (n=4 mice/group). Error bars show mean ± SEM. 1
12 8 CD4 + T cells Chimerism (%) d3 d4 d5 d6 Supplementary Figure 1. Timecourse of blood chimerism of circulating CD4 + T cells in parabiotic mice. Chimerism was determined by flow cytometry during days 3-6 after parabiosis surgery. 11
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