2013 BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS. Frostburg State University Frostburg, Maryland 21532

Transcription

1 2013 BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS Frostburg State University Frostburg, Maryland 21532

2 OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens 29 CFR Our plan is Reviewed annually, or as necessary to reflect changes in technology, engineering controls, etc

3 If asked by an OSHA inspector, you must know where a copy of the plan is located Safety Office Online on/pplant/safety_exposurecontrolplan.pdf Google Exposure Control Plan on FSU home page

4 What are Bloodborne Pathogens? Microorganisms such as viruses found in human blood and other body fluids including but not limited to HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C How are they spread? Bloodborne pathogens can be spread when infectious blood/body fluids are introduced into the bloodstream of another person either by sharp object piercing the skin or mucous membrane exposure

5 How can we get these viruses? Puncture Wound - Infected blood/body fluid is introduced directly into your body through a break in the skin such as a needle-stick injury or a cut with a piece of broken, contaminated glass. Non-intact skin or mucous membrane exposure- Infected blood/body fluid contacts open areas on skin (cuts, abrasions) or mucous membranes of eyes, nose or mouth

6 Primary way these viruses are spread? Sexual contact Illegal IV drug Use

7 Body Fluids Other Than Blood Which May Contain Bloodborne Pathogens Semen Vaginal Fluids Saliva in Dental Procedures Any body fluid visibly contaminated with blood All body fluids in situations where it is difficult or impossible to differentiate between body fluids

8 Body fluids NOT likely to be infectious unless visibly contaminated with blood Tears Feces Vomit Urine Sweat Sputum Nasal Secretions

9 HIV HIV is the human immunodeficiency virus. It is the virus that can lead to acquired immune deficiency syndrome, or AIDS HIV damages a person s immune system which helps the body fight disease. First info published in medical journal about this virus was May 20, 1983 Still no vaccine available! The life expectancy for a person newly diagnosed with HIV with no symptoms has jumped from 7 years to 24 years

10 HIV Initially no signs of the virus May continue to have no symptoms even 8 to 10 years after exposure Symptoms of HIV: night sweats, wt. loss, fever, fatigue, gland pain or swelling, muscle or joint pain

11 HIV Testing Universal HIV screening is recommended for all year olds Estimated that a quarter of people with HIV don t know they have it In home HIV test available now With early detection and treatment, the spread of HIV to others can be reduced

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13 Transmission of HIV Casual, everyday contact with an HIV-infected person does not expose anyone else to HIV.

14 Hepatitis Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver most often caused by a virus Hepatitis B & C are spread when blood or other infectious body fluid from an infected person enters the body of an uninfected person In the United States, an estimated million persons have chronic hepatitis B or chronic hepatitis C, and as many as three fourths of those with hepatitis C are unaware they are infected

15 Signs and Symptoms of Hepatitis Tired Loss of appetite Nausea Abdominal discomfort Dark urine Clay-colored bowel movements Jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes) May have no symptoms at all

16 Hepatitis B Virus Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is times more infectious than HIV HBV can live outside the body for at least 7 days

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18 Best way to protect against Hepatitis B? Hepatitis B Vaccine

19 Hepatitis B vaccine first licensed in 1981 Routine vaccination of all infants began in November, 1991

20 Hepatitis B Vaccine Given as three shots over a 4-6 month time period Safe and effective Routine booster dose not recommended Possibly lifelong protection If you have previously declined the vaccine and you are considered at risk according to FSU Exposure Control Plan, you can still receive it at no cost

21 Hepatitis C A recent study suggested that screening all baby boomers for Hepatitis C virus could save tens of thousands of lives There is a concern that adults born between could be infected with the virus and not know it As one researcher put it you may not remember what you did in the 60 s and 70 s but your liver does! Hepatitis C virus infection is a major cause of liver disease and liver cancer in the United States

22 Sources of Infection for Persons With Hepatitis C Injecting drug use 60% Sexual 15% Transfusion 10% (before screening) Occupational 4% Other 1%* Unknown 10% * Nosocomial; iatrogenic; perinatal Source: Sentinel Counties, CDC

23 There is no vaccine to prevent Hepatitis C

24 Which One is Highest Risk? Type of Exposure HIV Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Percutaneous 0.3% 6-30 % ** 1.8% (puncture wound) (1 in 300) (1 in 16 to 1 in 3) (1 in 55) **If completed Hepatitis B vaccine series and have immunity-virtually no risk for infection

25 Please click on link below to view video Bloodborne pathogen You Tube Video

26 What can you do to reduce your risk? Know your exposure control plan -There are specific training, engineering, and work controls for those potentially at risk for exposure to BBP at work. Use Universal precautions Attend training programs Get involved Participate in your staff meetings Take advantage of the Hepatitis B Vaccine

27 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Gloves, masks, eye protection, CPR microshields, gowns, lab jackets Employer responsible to make available and replace as needed Level of protection required is determined by the task being performed

28 Work Practice Controls Don t recap needles Do not pick sharps up with hands Equipment decontamination Do not eat, drink, or apply cosmetics in work area

29 Engineering Controls Needles and other sharps must be discarded in rigid, leak proof, puncture resistant containers Safer medical devices retractable needles Clean up kits Hazardous waste containers red bags (only place those items that are contaminated with a BBP!) Remember broken glass is a sharp and must be handled as such!

30 Labeling Specimen Containers Biohazard waste containers Sharp Containers Red bags and containers Specimen Refrigerators (Health Services)

31 How To Reduce Your Risk When emptying trash containers, do not use your hands to compress the trash in the bag Lift and carry the trash bag away from your body

32 Clean up Discuss specifics with your supervisor Use PPE appropriate for the clean up situation Use appropriate disinfectants Household bleach ¼ c bleach per one gallon of water (make fresh daily) Contact time (time required to disinfect) for bleach mixture (air dry) and our current disinfectants (4 mins) Use mechanical means (tongs, dustpans, etc) to pick up sharp objects Dispose of waste properly Separating regulated waste Laundry

33 Spill Clean up Get spill kit from closet, storage area, etc Put on Gloves If splashing is anticipated, wear protective eyewear and mask Clean Up Remove visible material with absorbent towels

34 Clean up Area should be decontaminated Once the area has been disinfected, dry area with absorbent towels and dispose of towels in regular trash Remember: Contact Time is vital (If using bleach mixture it must air dry)

35 Reducing Exposure After a Clean Up Glove Removal and Disposal Grip one glove near the cuff and peel it down until it comes off inside out. Cup it in the palm of your gloved hand Place two fingers of your bare hand inside the cuff of the remaining glove. Peel that glove down so that it also comes off inside out and over the first glove Properly dispose of the gloves ALWAYS wash hands after glove removal

36 HANDWASHING Wash Hands Vigorously for at least 15 seconds - Sing Happy Birthday to you two times Soap and Tepid water Non-abrasive soap Hand Sanitizer Always after removal of gloves If hands are soiled, okay to use hand sanitizer but as soon as possible use soap and water

37 Hand washing is very effective when done properly!

38 What do you do if you have been exposed to blood or body fluids???

39 Immediate Response to an Exposure Incident Eye Exposure Wash with water mins (eye wash station, eye wash bottle or faucet) Skin contact or puncture soap and water, shower if indicated Mouth wash out with water

40 Report Exposure to Designated Employer Contact Supervisor Safety Officer Post Exposure Evaluation and Follow-up immediately available. Report to local Emergency Department WMHS preferably within 1-2 hours FSU must send paperwork Written opinion regarding exposure will be made to the employee within 15 days of the completion of the evaluation Post-exposure monitoring, counseling and preventative treatment

41 Please click on link below to view video Bloodborne Pathogens Training Video - Overview of Safe Practices - YouTube

42 QUESTIONS If you have any questions about this workshop or related subjects please call Amy Kiddy, Darlene Smith, or Mary Tola at Brady Health Center x 4310 Remember if you have initially declined the Hepatitis B vaccine and you would now like to receive it, please notify your supervisor who will notify BHC.

43 Go to the Presentation Quiz After reviewing the Annual Refresher Presentation on Bloodborne Pathogens, you must complete a quiz. Select the link below to go to the online quiz. SurveyID=l2Knm I