Human Chemokine Kit I Instruction Manual

Transcription

1 BD Cytometric Bead Array (CBA) Human Chemokine Kit I Instruction Manual Cat. No BD Biosciences

2 For research use only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Purchase does not include or carry any right to resell or transfer this product either as a stand-alone product or as a component of another product. Any use of this product other than the permitted use without the express written authorization of Becton Dickinson and Company is strictly prohibited. BD, BD Logo and all other trademarks are the property of Becton, Dickinson and Company BD

3 Kit Contents (Store the following items at 4 C) A1 Human CXCL8/IL-8 Capture Beads: 1 vial, 0.8 ml A2 Human CCL5/RANTES Capture Beads: 1 vial, 0.8 ml A3 Human CXCL9/MIG Capture Beads: 1 vial, 0.8 ml A4 Human CCL2/MCP-1 Capture Beads: 1 vial, 0.8 ml A5 Human CXCL/IP- Capture Beads: 1 vial, 0.8 ml B Human Chemokine I PE* Detection Reagent: 1 vial, 4 ml C Human Chemokine I Standards: 2 vials, 0.2 ml lyophilized D Cytometer Setup Beads: 1 vial, 1.5 ml E1 PE Positive Control Detector: 1 vial, 0.5 ml E2 FITC Positive Control Detector: 1 vial, 0.5 ml F Wash Buffer: 1 bottle, 130 ml G Assay Diluent: 1 bottle, 30 ml Patents: *US 4,520,1, Europe 76,695, Canada, 1,179,942 Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale. 3

4 Table of Contents Introduction Principle of the Test Advantages Limitations Reagents Provided Bead Reagents Antibody and Standard Reagents Buffer Reagents Materials Required but not Provided Overview: Human Chemokine Kit I Assay Procedure Preparation of Human Chemokine I Standards Preparation of Mixed Human Chemokine I Capture Beads Preparation of Test Samples Human Chemokine Kit I Assay Procedure Cytometer Setup, Data Acquisition and Analysis Preparation of Cytometer Setup Beads Instrument Setup with BD FACSComp Software and BD CaliBRITE Beads Instrument Setup with the Cytometer Setup Beads Data Acquisition Analysis of Sample Data Typical Data Performance Sensitivity Recovery Linearity Normal Serum and Plasma Ranges Specificity Precision Correlation with NIBSC/WHO Standards Troubleshooting Tips References Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale.

5 Introduction Flow cytometry is an analysis tool that allows for the discrimination of different particles on the basis of size and color. Multiplexing is the simultaneous assay of many analytes in a single sample. The BD Cytometric Bead Array (BD CBA) Kit employs a series of particles with discrete fluorescence intensities to simultaneously detect multiple soluble analytes. The BD CBA Kit is combined with flow cytometry to create a powerful multiplexed assay. The BD CBA system uses the sensitivity of amplified fluorescence detection by flow cytometry to measure soluble analytes in a particle-based immunoassay. Each bead in a BD CBA Kit provides a capture surface for a specific protein and is analogous to an individually coated well in an ELISA plate. The BD CBA Capture Bead mixture is in suspension to allow for the detection of multiple analytes in a small volume sample. The combined advantages of the broad dynamic range of fluorescent detection via flow cytometry and the efficient capturing of analytes via suspended particles enable BD CBA assays to use fewer sample dilutions and to determine the concentration of an unknown analyte in substantially less time (compared to conventional ELISA). The BD CBA Human Chemokine Kit I can be used to quantitatively measure Interleukin-8 (CXCL8/IL-8), RANTES (CCL5/RANTES), Monokine-induced by Interferon-γ (CXCL9/MIG), Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (CCL2/MCP-1), and Interferon-γ-induced Protein- (CXCL/IP-) levels in a single sample. The Kit performance has been optimized for analysis of specific chemokines in tissue culture supernatants, EDTA-treated plasma (EDTA-plasma), and serum samples. The BD CBA System, a product of BD Biosciences, was developed jointly by BD Biosciences Immunocytometry Systems and BD Biosciences Pharmingen. This Kit incorporates the quality, reliability, and service that you have learned to expect from BD Biosciences. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale. 5

6 Principle of the Test Five bead populations with distinct fluorescence intensities have been coated with capture antibodies specific for CXCL8/IL-8, CCL5/RANTES, CXCL9/MIG, CCL2/MCP-1, and CXCL/IP-. The five bead populations are mixed together to form the bead array that is resolved in the FL3 channel of a BD FACS brand flow cytometer (see Figure 1). Counts JK.001 CCL5/RANTES CCL2/MCP-1 CXCL8/IL-8 CXCL/IP- CXCL9/MIG FL3-Height Figure 1. Representative bead population distributions of the BD CBA Human Chemokine Kit I Capture Beads The Capture Beads are mixed with the PE-conjugated detection antibodies and then incubated with recombinant standards or test samples to form sandwich complexes. Following acquisition of sample data using the flow cytometer, the sample results are generated in graphical and tabular formats using the BD CBA Analysis Software. The Kit provides sufficient reagents for the quantitative analysis of 50 test samples and the generation of two standard curve sets. Advantages The CBA provides several advantages when compared with conventional ELISA methodology: The required sample volume is approximately one-fifth the quantity necessary for conventional ELISA assays due to the detection of five analytes in a single sample. A single set of diluted standards is used to generate a standard curve for each analyte. A CBA experiment takes less time than a single ELISA and provides results that would normally require five conventional ELISAs. 6 Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale.

7 Limitations The sensitivity of the BD CBA Human Chemokine Kit I is comparable to conventional ELISA, but due to the complexity and kinetics of this multi-analyte assay, actual sensitivity on a given experiment may vary slightly (see Sensitivity and Precision in the Performance section). The BD CBA Kit is not recommended for use on stream-in-air instruments where signal intensities may be reduced, adversely affecting assay sensitivity. Stream-in-air instruments include the BD FACStar Plus and BD FACSVantage (BD Immunocytometry Systems, San Jose, CA) flow cytometers. Serum and EDTA-plasma spike recoveries for CXCL9/MIG, CCL2/MCP-1, and CXCL/IP- are lower than for other proteins in this assay. This variation is due to assay conditions and serum or EDTA-plasma proteins and may affect quantitation of these proteins in serum or plasma samples. Reagents Provided Bead Reagents Human Chemokine I Capture Beads (A1 A5): The specific Capture Beads, having discrete fluorescence intensity characteristics, are distributed from brightest to dimmest as follows: Bead (Brightest) A1 A2 A3 A4 (Dimmest) A5 Specificity CXCL8/IL-8 CCL5/RANTES CXCL9/MIG CCL2/MCP-1 CXCL/IP- A single 75-test vial of each specific Capture Bead (A1 A5) is included in this Kit. Store at 4 C. Do not freeze. Note: The antibody-conjugated beads will settle out of suspension over time. It is necessary to vortex the vial vigorously for 3 5 seconds before taking a bead-suspension aliquot. Cytometer Setup Beads (D): A single 30-test vial of setup beads for setting the initial instrument PMT voltages and compensation settings is sufficient for instrument setup procedures. The Cytometer Setup Beads are formulated for use at 50 µl/test. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale. 7

8 Antibody and Standard Reagents Human Chemokine I PE Detection Reagent (B): A 75-test vial of PE-conjugated anti-human CXCL8/IL-8, CCL5/RANTES, CXCL9/MIG, CCL2/MCP-1, and CXCL/IP- antibodies that is formulated for use at 50 µl/test. Store at 4 C. Do not freeze. PE Positive Control Detector (E1): A -test vial of PE-conjugated antibody control that is formulated for use at 50 µl/test. This reagent is used with the Cytometer Setup Beads to set the initial instrument compensation settings. Store at 4 C. Do not freeze. FITC Positive Control Detector (E2): A -test vial of FITC-conjugated antibody control that is formulated for use at 50 µl/test. This reagent is used with the Cytometer Setup Beads to set the initial instrument compensation settings. Store at 4 C. Do not freeze. Human Chemokine I Standards (C): Two vials containing lyophilized recombinant human proteins. Each vial should be reconstituted in 0.2 ml of Assay Diluent to prepare a 20 bulk standard. The reconstituted 20 bulk standard contains 50 ng/ml of each recombinant human CXCL8/IL-8, CCL5/RANTES, CXCL9/MIG, CCL2/MCP-1, and CXCL/IP- protein. Store at 4 C. Note: Buffer Reagents: The Human Chemokine I Standards vials are stable until the Kit expiration date. Following reconstitution, store the freshly reconstituted 20 bulk standard at 2 8 C and use within 12 hours. Assay Diluent (G): A single 30-ml bottle of a buffered protein* solution (1 ) used to reconstitute and dilute the Human Chemokine I Standards and to dilute test samples. Store at 4 C. Wash Buffer (F): A single 130-ml bottle of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution (1 ), containing protein* and detergent, used for wash steps and to resuspend the washed beads for analysis. Store at 4 C. Hazardous Ingredients: Sodium Azide: Component D contains 0.1% sodium azide. Components A1 A5, B, E1 E2, F, and G contain 0.09% sodium azide. Sodium azide yields a highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Avoid exposure to skin and eyes, ingestion, and contact with heat, acids, and metals. Wash exposed skin with soap and water. Flush eyes with water. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing. *Source of all serum proteins is from the United States 8 Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale.

9 Materials Required but not Provided In addition to the reagents provided in the BD CBA Human Chemokine Kit I, the following items are also required: A flow cytometer equipped with a laser capable of emitting light at 488 nm and detecting and distinguishing fluorescent emissions at 576 and 670 nm (eg, BD FACScan or BD FACSCalibur instruments) and BD CellQuest Software mm sample acquisition tubes for a flow cytometer (eg, BD Falcon Cat. No ). BD CBA Software (Cat. No ). Note: For use with BD CellQuest Software. Microsoft Excel and a Macintosh or PC-compatible computer are required to utilize the BD CBA Software. See the BD CBA Software User s Guide for details. BD CaliBRITE 3 Beads (Cat. No. 3486). Overview: Human Chemokine Kit I Assay Procedure 1. Reconstitute Human Chemokine I Standards (15 min) in Assay Diluent 2. Dilute Standards by serial dilutions using the Assay Diluent 3. Mix µl/test of each Human Chemokine I Capture Bead suspension (vortex before aliquoting) 4. Transfer 50 µl of mixed beads to each assay tube 5. Add Standard s and test samples to the appropriate sample tubes (50 µl/tube) 6. Add PE Detection Reagent (50 µl/test) 3 Hour h incubation at RT (protect from light) 7. Wash samples with 1 ml Wash Buffer and centrifuge * 8. Add 300 µl of Wash Buffer to each assay tubes and analyze samples 1. Add Cytometer Setup Beads (vortex before adding) to setup tubes A, B and C (50 µl/tube) 2. Add 50 µl of FITC Positive Control to tube B and 50 µl of PE Positive Control to tube C * Cytometer Setup Bead Procedure 30 minute incubation at RT (protect from light) 3. Add 0 µl of Wash Buffer to tubes B and C 4. Add 450 µl of Wash Buffer to tube A 5. Use tubes A, B and C for cytometer setup Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale. 9

10 Preparation of Human Chemokine I Standards The Human Chemokine I Standards are lyophilized and should be reconstituted and serially diluted before mixing with the Capture Beads and the PE Detection Reagent. 1. Reconstitute 1 vial of lyophilized Human Chemokine I Standards with 0.2 ml of Assay Diluent to prepare a 20 bulk standard. Allow the reconstituted standard to equilibrate for at least 15 minutes before making dilutions. Agitate vial to mix thoroughly. 2. Label mm tubes (BD Falcon, Cat. No ) and arrange them in the following order: Top Standard, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 1:16, 1:32, 1:64, 1:128, and 1: Add 1900 µl of Assay Diluent to the Top Standard tube. 4. Add 300 µl of Assay Diluent to each of the remaining tubes. 5. Transfer 0 µl of 20 bulk standard to the Top Standard tube and mix thoroughly. 6. Perform a serial dilution by transferring 300 µl from the Top Standard to the 1:2 dilution tube and mix thoroughly. Continue making serial dilutions by transferring 300 µl from the 1:2 tube to the 1:4 tube and so on to the 1:256 tube and mix thoroughly (see Figure 2). The Assay Diluent serves as the negative control. 0 µl 300 µl 300 µl 300 µl 300 µl 300 µl 300 µl 300 µl 300 µl Stock Standard Top Standard 1:2 1:4 1:8 1:16 1:32 1:64 1:128 1:256 Figure 2. Preparation of Human Chemokine I Standard s The approximate concentration (pg/ml) of recombinant protein in each dilution tube is shown in Table 1. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale.

11 Table 1. Human Chemokine I Standard Concentrations after Protein (pg/ml) Human CXCL8/IL-8 Human CCL5/RANTES Human CXCL9/MIG Human CCL2/MCP-1 Human CXCL/IP- Top Standard :2 1: :8 1: : :64 1: :256 Preparation of Mixed Human Chemokine I Capture Beads The Capture Beads are bottled individually, and it is necessary to pool the bead reagents (A1 A5) immediately before mixing them together with the PE Detection Reagent, Standards, and samples. 1. Determine the number of assay tubes (including standards and controls) that are required for the experiment (eg, 8 unknowns, 9 chemokine standard dilutions, and 1 negative control = 18 assay tubes.) 2. Vigorously vortex each Capture Bead suspension for a few seconds before mixing. 3. Add a µl aliquot of each Capture Bead, for each assay tube to be analyzed, into a single tube labeled mixed Capture Beads (eg, µl of CXCL8/IL-8 Capture Beads 18 assay tubes = 180 µl of CXCL8/IL-8 Capture Beads required). Note: Extra tests of Capture Beads should be mixed to ensure that the necessary number of tests will be recovered from the mixed Capture Beads tube (ie, add an additional 2 3 assay tubes to the number determined in Step 1 above before calculating the amount to add to the mixed Capture Beads tube in Step 3). 4. Vortex the Bead mixture thoroughly. The mixed Capture Beads are now ready to be transferred to the assay tubes (50 µl of mixed Capture Beads/tube) as described in Human Chemokine Kit I Assay Procedure. Note: Discard excess mixed Capture Beads. Do not store after mixing. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale. 11

12 Preparation of Test Samples The standard curve for each protein covers a defined set of concentrations from 2500 pg/ml. It may be necessary to dilute test samples to ensure that their mean fluorescence values fall within the limits or range of the generated protein standard curve. For best results, samples that are known or assumed to contain high levels of a given protein should be diluted as described below: 1. Dilute test sample by the desired dilution factor (ie, 1:2, 1:, or 1:0) using the appropriate volume of Assay Diluent. 2. Mix sample dilutions thoroughly before transferring samples to the appropriate assay tubes containing mixed Capture Beads and PE Detection Reagent. Human Chemokine Kit I Assay Procedure Following the preparation and dilution of the Standards and mixing of the Capture Beads, transfer these reagents and test samples to the appropriate assay tubes for incubation and analysis. In order to calibrate the flow cytometer and quantitate test samples, it is necessary to run the Chemokine I Standards and the Cytometer Setup controls in each experiment. See Table 2 for a detailed description of the reagents added to the Chemokine I Standard control assay tubes. The Cytometer Setup procedure is described in Cytometer Setup, Data Acquisition and Analysis. 1. Add 50 µl of the mixed Capture Beads to the appropriate assay tubes. Vortex the mixed Capture Beads before adding to the assay tubes. 2. Add 50 µl of the Human Chemokine I Standard dilutions to the control assay tubes. 3. Add 50 µl of each test sample to the test assay tubes. 4. Add 50 µl of the Human Chemokine I PE Detection Reagent to the assay tubes. 5. Incubate the assay tubes for 3 hours at RT and protect from direct exposure to light. During this incubation, perform the Cytometer Setup procedure described in Preparation of Cytometer Setup Beads, Instrument Setup with BD FACSComp Software and BD CaliBRITE Beads, and Instrument Setup with the Cytometer Setup Beads. 6. Add 1 ml of Wash Buffer to each assay tube and centrifuge at 200 g for 5 minutes. 7. Carefully aspirate and discard the supernatant from each assay tube. 8. Add 300 µl of Wash Buffer to each assay tube to resuspend the bead pellet. 9. Begin analyzing samples on a flow cytometer. Vortex each sample for 3 5 seconds immediately before analyzing on the flow cytometer. Note: It is necessary to analyze CBA samples on the day of the experiment. Prolonged storage of samples, once the assay is complete, can lead to increased background and reduced sensitivity Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale.

13 Table 2. Essential Control Assay s No. 1 (Negative Control 0 pg/ml Standards) 2 ( pg/ml Standards) 3 (20 pg/ml Standards) 4 ( pg/ml Standards) 5 (80 pg/ml Standards) 6 (156 pg/ml Standards) 7 ( pg/ml Standards) 8 (625 pg/ml Standards) 9 ( pg/ml Standards) (2500 pg/ml Standards) Reagents (All reagents volumes are 50 µl) mixed Capture Beads, PE Detection Reagent, Assay Diluent mixed Capture Beads, PE Detection Reagent, Chemokine - I Standards 1:256 mixed Capture Beads, PE Detection Reagent, Chemokine - I Standards 1:128 mixed Capture Beads, PE Detection Reagent, Chemokine - I Standards 1:64 mixed Capture Beads, PE Detection Reagent, Chemokine - I Standards 1:32 mixed Capture Beads, PE Detection Reagent, Chemokine - I Standards 1:16 mixed Capture Beads, PE Detection Reagent, Chemokine - I Standards 1:8 mixed Capture Beads, PE Detection Reagent, Chemokine - I Standards 1:4 mixed Capture Beads, PE Detection Reagent, Chemokine - I Standards 1:2 mixed Capture Beads, PE Detection Reagent, Chemokine - I Standards "Top Standard" Cytometer Setup, Data Acquisition and Analysis The Cytometer setup information in this section is for the BD FACScan and BD FACSCalibur flow cytometers. The BD FACSComp Software is useful for setting up the flow cytometer. BD CellQuest Software is required for analyzing samples and formatting data for subsequent analysis using the BD CBA Software. Preparation of Cytometer Setup Beads 1. Add 50 µl of Cytometer Setup Beads to three cytometer setup tubes labeled A, B, and C. 2. Add 50 µl of FITC Positive Control Detector to tube B. 3. Add 50 µl of PE Positive Control Detector to tube C. 4. Incubate tubes A, B, and C for 30 minutes at room temperature and protect from direct exposure to light. 5. Add 450 µl of Wash Buffer to tube A and 0 µl of Wash Buffer to tubes B and C. 6. Proceed to Instrument Setup with BD FACSComp Software and BD CaliBRITE Beads. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale. 13

14 Instrument Setup with BD FACSComp Software and BD CaliBRITE Beads 1. Perform instrument start up. 2. Perform flow check. 3. Prepare tubes of BD CaliBRITE Beads and open BD FACSComp Software. 4. Launch BD FACSComp Software. 5. Run BD FACSComp Software in Lyse/No Wash mode. 6. Proceed to Instrument Setup with the Cytometer Setup Beads. Note: For detailed information on using BD FACSComp with BD CaliBRITE Beads to set up the flow cytometer, refer to the BD FACSComp Software User s Guide and the BD CaliBRITE Beads Package Insert. Version 4.2 contains a BD CBA preference setting to automatically save a BD CBA calibration file at the successful completion of any Lyse/No Wash assay. The BD CBA calibration file provides the optimization for FSC, SSC, and threshold settings as described in Instrument Setup with the Cytometer Setup Beads, Steps 3 5. Optimization of the fluorescence parameter settings is still required (ie, PMT and compensation settings, see Instrument Setup with the Cytometer Setup Beads, Step 6). Instrument Setup with the Cytometer Setup Beads 1. Launch BD CellQuest Software and open the CBA Instrument Setup template. Note: The BD CBA Instrument Setup template can be found on the BD CBA Software or FACStation CD for Macintosh computers in the BD CBA folder. Following installation on Macintosh computers using BD CBA Software Version 1.0, the template can be found in the BD Applications/BD CBA folder/sample Files/Mouse Isotyping Files/Instrument Setup folder. For BD CBA Software Version 1.1 or higher, the template can be found in the BD Applications/BD CBA folder. The template is not installed from the CD on PC-compatible computers. This file may also be downloaded via the internet from: 2. Set the instrument to Acquisition mode. Note: The BD CBA Software will evaluate data in five parameters (FSC, SSC, FL1, FL2, and FL3). Turn off additional detectors. 3. Set SSC (side light scatter) and FSC (forward light scatter) to Log mode. 4. Decrease the SSC PMT voltage by 0 from what FACSComp set. 5. Set the Threshold to FSC at In setup mode, run Cytometer Setup Beads tube A. Follow the setup instructions on the following pages. Note: Pause and restart acquisition frequently during the instrument setup procedure in order to reset detected values after settings adjustments Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale.

15 Adjust gate R1 so that the singlet bead population is located in gate R1 (Figure 3a). SSC-H FSC-H R1 Figure 3a Adjust the FL3 PMT so that the median of the top FL3 bead population s intensity is around 5000 (Figure 3b). Adjust gate R3 as necessary so that the dim FL3 bead population is located in gate R3 (Figure 3b). Do not adjust the R2 gate. FL3-H R2 R3 FL1-H Bright Beads (R2) Median: FL1 (Median) Median: 2.53 Figure 3b Adjust the FL1 PMT so that the median of FL1 is approximately (Figure 3b). Adjust the FL2 PMT value so that the median of FL2 is approximately (Figure 3c). FL3-H FL2-H FL2 (Median) Median: 2.21 Figure 3c Run Cytometer Setup Beads tube B to adjust the compensation settings for FL2 %FL1. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale. 15

16 Adjust gate R5 as necessary so that the FL1 bright bead population is located in gate R5 (Figure 3d). Using the FL2 %FL1 control, adjust the median of R5 to equal the median of R4 (Figure 3d). FL2-H R5 R4 FL1-H (R4) Median: 2.94 (R5) Median: 3.75 Figure 3d Run Cytometer Setup Beads tube C to adjust the compensation settings for FL1 %FL2 and FL3 %FL2. Adjust gate R7 so that the FL2 bright bead population is located in gate R7 (Figure 3e). Using the FL1 %FL2 control, adjust the median of R7 to equal the median of R6 (Figure 3e). FL1-H R6 FL2-H R7 (R6) Median: 2.81 (R7) Median: 3.08 Figure 3e Adjust gate R9 so that the FL2 bright bead population is located in gate R9 (Figure 3f). Using the FL3 %FL2 control, adjust the median of R9 to equal the median of R8 (Figure 3f). FL3-H R8 FL2-H (R8) Median: (R9) Median: Figure 3f Set the FL2 %FL3 to 0.1 if necessary. Save and print the optimized instrument settings. R Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale.

17 Data Acquisition 1. Open the acquisition template on the BD CBA Software. Note: Following installation of the BD CBA Software, the Acquisition template is located in the BD Applications/BD CBA Folder/Sample Files/Mouse Isotyping Files/Instrument Set Up Folder and is labeled Isotype Kit Acquire Template. Alternatively, the Acquisition template may be downloaded via the internet from: 2. Set acquisition mode and retrieve the optimized instrument settings from Instrument Setup with the Cytometer Setup Beads. 3. In the Acquisition and Storage window, set the resolution to Set number of events to be counted at 1500 of R1 gated events. (This will ensure that the sample file contains approximately 300 events per Capture Bead). 5. Set number of events to be collected to all events. Saving all events collected will ensure that no true bead events are lost due to incorrect gating. 6. In setup mode, run tube No. 1 and using the FSC vs. SSC dot plot, place the R1 region gate around the singlet bead population (see Figure 3a). 7. Samples are now ready to be acquired. 8. Begin sample acquisition with the flow rate set at HIGH. Note: Run the negative control tube (0 pg/ml Standards) before any of the recombinant standard tubes. Run the control assay tubes before any unknown test assay tubes. Run the tubes in the order listed in Table 2 of Human Chemokine Kit I Assay Procedure. To facilitate analysis of data files using the BD CBA Software and to avoid confusion, add a numeric suffix to each file that corresponds to the assay tube number (ie, No. 1 containing 0 pg/ml could be saved as KT ). The file name must be alphanumeric (ie, contain at least one letter). Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale. 17

18 0 1 SSC-Height FL3-Height FL3-Height FL2-Height JK.001 R1 FSC-Height JK.001 FL1-Height JK.001 FL2-Height JK.001 FL1-Height Counts 0 0 Counts Counts Counts Counts JK.001 SSC-Height JK.001 FSC-Height JK.001 FL1-Height JK.001 FL2-Height JK.001 FL3-Height Figure 4. Acquisition Template Example 18 Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale.

19 Analysis of Sample Data The analysis of BD CBA data is optimized when using the BD CBA Software. Install the software according to the instructions in the BD CBA Software User s Guide. 1. Transfer the FACS file data for the experiment to the computer with the BD CBA Software. 2. Create two new file folders and label one Standards and the other Samples. 3. Move data files to the appropriate folders. Note: Only the files for control assay tubes no. 1 (the PE Detection Reagent alone and the dilution of Standards) should be moved to the Standards file folder. All other samples should be moved to the Samples file folder. Follow the instructions for analysis given in the BD CBA Software User s Guide. Note: Typical Data When entering analyte concentrations for the standards used in the experiment, it is necessary to give names to each analyte. For the BD CBA Human Chemokine Kit I, analyte 1 is CXCL/IP-, analyte 2 is CCL2/MCP-1, analyte 3 is CXCL9/MIG, analyte 4 is CCL5/RANTES, and analyte 5 is CXCL8/IL-8. A. 0 pg/ml B. 20 pg/ml FL3-Height FL3-Height FL2-Height FL2-Height C. 156 pg/ml D. pg/ml FL3-Height FL3-Height FL2-Height FL2-Height Figure 5. BD CellQuest Data Examples for Standards and Detectors Alone Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale. 19

20 CXCL/IP CCL2/MCP Concentration (pg/ml) Concentration (pg/ml) CXCL9/MIG CCL5/RANTES Concentration (pg/ml) Concentration (pg/ml) CXCL8/IL Concentration (pg/ml) Figure 6. Example of Standard Curves Generated using the BD CBA Software 20 Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale.

21 BD Cytometric Bead Array Analysis CXCL/IP- CCL2/MCP-1 Filename Sample ID Acq Date Dilut Factor FL2 MFI pg/ml Sample pg/ml FL2 MFI pg/ml Sample pg/ml JK.041 HICK 3/4 Neat 22-Oct JK.042 HICK 3/4 2X 22-Oct JK.043 HICK 3/4 4X 22-Oct Figure 7. Example of Sample Results Generated using the BD CBA Software Performance The BD CBA Human Chemokine Kit I assay has been rigorously tested for performance characteristics, including sensitivity, spike recovery, dilution linearity, specificity, and intra- and inter-assay precision. Sensitivity The individual standard curve range for a given protein defines the minimum and maximum quantifiable levels using the BD CBA Human Chemokine Kit I (ie, pg/ml and 2500 pg/ml.) By applying the 4-parameter curve fit option, it is possible to interpolate values for sample intensities below the limits of the standard curve. It is up to the researcher to decide the best method for calculating values for unknown samples using this assay. The sensitivity of the BD CBA Human Chemokine Kit I for each protein is defined as the corresponding concentration at two standard deviations above the median fluorescence of 20 replicates of the negative control (0 pg/ml). Protein Median Fluorescence Standard Deviation Assay Sensitivity (pg/ml) CXCL8/IL CCL5/RANTES CXCL9/MIG CCL2/MCP CXCL/IP Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale. 21

22 Recovery Individual proteins were spiked into various matrices at three different levels within the linear assay range. The matrices used in these experiments were not diluted before addition of the protein. The plasma samples in these experiments were EDTA treated. Results are compared with the same concentrations of the proteins spiked in the Standard Diluent, as follows: Protein CXCL8/IL-8 CXCL8/IL-8 CXCL8/IL-8 Matrix Pooled Donor Sera (n = 5) Pooled Donor Plasmas (n = 5) Cell culture supernatant Standard spike concentration (pg/ml) Observed in given matrix (pg/ml) % Recovery 77% 68% 72% 81% 76% 72% 3% 9% 84% CCL5/RANTES Pooled Donor Sera (n = 5) ND* CCL5/RANTES CCL5/RANTES CXCL9/MIG CXCL9/MIG CXCL9/MIG CCL2/MCP-1 CCL2/MCP-1 CCL2/MCP-1 CXCL/IP- CXCL/IP- CXCL/IP- Pooled Donor Plasmas (n = 5) Cell culture supernatant Pooled Donor Sera (n = 5) Pooled Donor Plasmas (n = 5) Cell culture supernatant Pooled Donor Sera (n = 5) Pooled Donor Plasmas (n = 5) Cell culture supernatant Pooled Donor Sera (n = 5) Pooled Donor Plasmas (n = 5) Cell culture supernatant ND* % 111% 75% 62% 58% 90% 62% 66% 39% 116% 113% 91% 48% 36% 15% 43% 34% 22% 8% 1% 80% 42% 32% 66% 78% 87% 61% 94% 6% 97% *ND = Not Determined. Due to the high levels of CCL5/RANTES in normal serum and EDTA-plasma samples, recovery information could not be generated for this protein. Recovery for these proteins is much lower than for other proteins in this assay. Variation is likely due to assay conditions and serum or plasma proteins and may affect quantitation of these proteins in serum or plasma samples. Linearity In two experiments, the following matrices were spiked with CXCL8/IL-8, CCL5/RANTES, CXCL9/MIG, CCL2/MCP-1, and CXCL/IP- and were then serially diluted with Assay Diluent Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale.

23 Matrix Cell Culture Media Pooled Human Sera (n = 5) Pooled Human Plasma (n = 5) Neat 1:2 1:4 1:8 1:16 1:32 1:64 1:128 1:256 Slope Neat 1:2 1:4 1:8 1:16 1:32 1:64 1:128 1:256 Slope Neat 1:2 1:4 1:8 1:16 1:32 1:64 1:128 1:256 Slope Observed CXCL8/IL-8 (pg/ml) Observed CCL5/RANTES (pg/ml) ND* ND* Observed CXCL9/MIG (pg/ml) Observed CCL2/MCP-1 (pg/ml) Observed CXCL/IP- (pg/ml) *ND = Not Determined. Due to high levels of CCL5/RANTES in normal serum and EDTA-plasma samples, linearity information could not be generated for this protein. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale. 23

24 Normal Serum and Plasma Ranges Serum and EDTA-plasma samples were taken from normal donors and tested using the BD CBA Human Chemokine Kit I. The average values and the determined range for each protein are shown below: Sample Observed CXCL8/IL-8 Range (Average) pg/ml Observed CCL5/RANTES Range (Average) pg/ml Observed CXCL9/MIG Range (Average) pg/ml Observed CCL2/MCP-1 Range (Average) pg/ml Observed CXCL/IP- Range (Average) pg/ml Normal Donor Serum (n=) < (< ),349 46,704 (21,839) (145) (77) 232 1,019 (459) Normal Donor EDTA-Plasma (n=) < (< ) 4,382 18,783 (11,388) (153) < 57 (34) 202 1,480 (497) Specificity The antibody pairs used in the BD CBA Human Chemokine Kit I assay have been screened for specific reactivity with their corresponding proteins. Analysis of samples containing only a single recombinant protein found no cross-reactivity or background detection of protein in other Capture Bead populations using this assay. A. Human CXCL8/IL-8 B. Human CCL5/RANTES C. Human CXCL9/MIG FL3-Height FL2-Height FL3-Height FL2-Height FL3-Height FL2-Height D. Human CCL2/MCP-1 E. Human CXCL/IP- FL3-Height FL2-Height FL3-Height FL2-Height Figure 8. BD CellQuest Data for Detection of Individual Proteins 24 Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale.

25 Precision Intra-assay: Ten replicates of each of three different levels of CXCL8/IL-8, CCL5/RANTES, CXCL9/MIG, CCL2/MCP-1, and CXCL/IP- (,, and pg/ml) were tested. Protein CXCL8/IL-8 CCL5/RANTES Actual Mean Conc. (pg/ml): SD % CV 5.1% 5.3% 3.5% 9.1% 11.9% 6.0% Protein CXCL9/MIG CCL2/MCP-1 Actual Mean Conc. (pg/ml): SD % CV 8.7% 11.1% 11.5% 9.8% 6.8% 3.3% Protein CXCL/IP- Actual Mean Conc. (pg/ml): SD % CV 11.0% 11.4%.0% Inter-assay: Three different levels of CXCL8/IL-8, CCL5/RANTES, CXCL9/MIG, CCL2/MCP-1, and CXCL/IP- (,, and pg/ml) were tested in four experiments conducted by different operators. Cytokine CXCL8/IL-8 CCL5/RANTES Number of Replicates: Actual Mean Conc. (pg/ml): SD % CV 3.4% 8.1% 6.7% 4.2% 13.5% 13.2% Cytokine CXCL9/MIG CCL2/MCP-1 Number of Replicates: Actual Mean Conc. (pg/ml): SD % CV 5.2% 15.9% 14.7% 9.2% 6.9% 7.8% Cytokine CXCL/IP- Number of Replicates: Actual Mean Conc. (pg/ml): SD % CV 3.8% 13.9% 13.1% Note: The number of replicates refers to the total number of assay tubes tested at a given concentration of protein. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale. 25

26 Correlation with NIBSC/WHO Standards The NIBSC/WHO First International Standard for CXCL8/IL-8 (89/520), CCL5/RANTES (92/520) NIBSC Reference Reagent, and CCL2/MCP-1 (92/794) NIBSC Reference Reagent were evaluated using the BD CBA Human Chemokine Kit I. The dose-response curves of these First International Standards paralleled the BD CBA Human Chemokine Kit I standard curves for each protein. To convert sample pg/ml values determined using the BD CBA Human Chemokine Kit I to the equivalent NIBSC/WHO Standard approximate pg/ml concentrations, use the conversion factors listed below: NIBSC/WHO CXCL8/IL-8 (89/520) equivalent value (pg/ml) = BD CBA CXCL8/IL-8 value (pg/ml) NIBSC/WHO CCL5/RANTES (92/520) equivalent value (pg/ml) = BD CBA CCL5/RANTES value (pg/ml) NIBSC/WHO CCL2/MCP-1 (92/794) equivalent value (pg/ml) = BD CBA CCL2/MCP-1 value (pg/ml) NIBSC/WHO Reference Reagents were not available for CXCL9/MIG and CXCL/IP Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale.

27 Troubleshooting Tips Problem Variation between duplicate samples. Low bead number in samples. High background. Little or no detection of protein in sample. Less than five bead populations are observed during analysis or distribution is unequal. Debris (FSC/SSC) during sample acquisition. Also for plasma samples. Overlap of bead population fluorescence (FL3) during acquisition. Standards assay tubes show low fluorescence or poor standard curve. All samples are positive or above the high standard mean fluorescence value. Biohazardous samples. Suggested Solution Vortex Capture Beads before pipetting. Beads can aggregate. Avoid aspiration of beads during wash step. Do not wash or resuspend beads in volumes higher than recommended volumes. Test various sample dilutions, the sample may be too concentrated. Remove excess Human Chemokine I PE Detection Reagent by increasing the number of wash steps as the background may be due to non-specific binding. Sample may be too dilute. Try various sample dilutions. Ensure that equal volumes of beads were added to each assay tube. Vortex Capture Bead vials before taking aliquots. Once Capture Beads are mixed, vortex to ensure that the beads are distributed evenly throughout the solution. Increase FSC threshold or further dilute samples. Increase number of wash steps if necessary. Make a tighter FSC/SSC region gate around the bead population. Centrifuge or filter samples to reduce debris before analyzing sample with the BD CBA Human Chemokine Kit I. This may occur in samples with very high cytokine concentration. Ensure that instrument settings have been optimized using the Cytometer Setup Beads. Check that all components are properly prepared and stored. Use a new vial of Standards with each experiment and once reconstituted, do not use after 12 hours. Ensure that incubation times were of proper length. Dilute the samples further. The samples may be too concentrated. It is possible to treat samples briefly with 1% paraformaldehyde before analyzing on the flow cytometer. However, this may affect assay performance and should be validated by the user. Note: Note: For best performance, vortex samples immediately before analyzing on a flow cytometer. The BD CBA Human Chemokine Kit I assay has been shown to detect Non-human Primate CXCL8/IL-8, CCL5/RANTES, and CCL2/MCP-1 proteins produced by the activation of cells from Rhesus and Cynomolgus macaques. Direct quantitation of proteins from Non-human Primates has not been validated using this Kit and results may vary. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale. 27

28 References 1. Bishop, J.E. and K.A. Davis A flow cytometric immunoassay for beta 2-microglobulin in whole blood. J. Immunol. Methods 2: Camilla C., J.P. Defoort, M. Delaage, R. Auer, J. Quintana, T. Lary, R. Hamelik, S. Prato, B. Casano, M. Martin and V. Fert A new flow cytometry-based multi-assay system. 1. Application to cytokine immunoassays. Cytometry Suppl. 8: Carson, R., and D. Vignali Simultaneous quantitation of fifteen cytokines using a multiplexed flow cytometric assay. J. Immunol. Methods 227: Chen, R., L. Lowe, J.D. Wilson, E. Crowther, K. Tzeggai, J.E. Bishop and R. Varro Simultaneous quantification of six human cytokines in a single sample using microparticlebased flow cytometric technology. Clin. Chem. 9: Collins, D. P., B.J. Luebering and D.M. Shaut T-lymphocyte functionality assessed by analysis of cytokine receptor expression, intracellular cytokine expression, and femtomolar detection of cytokine secretion by quantitative flow cytometry. Cytometry 33: Cook, E.B., J.L. Stahl, L. Lowe, R. Chen, E. Morgan, J. Wilson, R. Varro, A. Chan, F.M. Graziano, N.P. Barney Simultaneous measurement of six cytokines in a single sample of human tears using microparticle-based flow cytometry: allergics vs. non-allergics. J. Immunol. Methods 254: Dotti, G., B. Savoldo, S. Takahashi, T. Goltsova, M. Brown, D. Rill, C. Rooney, and M. Brenner Adenovector-induced expression of human-cd-ligand (hcdl) by multiple myeloma cells: A model for immunotherapy. Exp. Hematol. 29: Fulton, R., R. McDade, P. Smith, L. Kienker, J. Kettman, Jr Advanced multiplexed analysis with the FlowMetrix system. Clin. Chem. 43: Kricka, LJ Simultaneous multianalyte immunoassays. In Immunoassay. Diamandis, E.P. and T.K. Christopoulos, eds. Academic Press. pp Lund-Johansen, F., K. Davis, J. Bishop and R. de W. Malefyt Flow cytometric analysis of immunoprecipitates: High-throughput analysis of protein phosphorylation and proteinprotein interactions. Cytometry 39: McHugh, T.M Flow microsphere immunoassay for the quantitative and simultaneous detection of multiple soluble analytes. Methods Cell Biol. 42: Oliver, K.G., J.R. Kettman and R.J. Fulton Multiplexed analysis of human cytokines by use of the FlowMetrix system. Clin. Chem. 44: Stall, A., Q. Sun, R. Varro, L. Lowe, E. Crowther, B. Abrams, J. Bishop, and K. Davis A single tube flow cytometric multibead assay for isotyping mouse monoclonal antibodies. Abstract LB77. Experimental Biology Meeting 1998 (late-breaking abstracts). 14. Funato, Y., H. Baumhover, D. Grantham-Wright, J. Wilson, D. Ernst, and H. Sepulveda Simultaneous measurement of six human cytokines using the Cytometric Bead Array System, a multiparameter immunoassay system for flow cytometry. Cytometry Res. 12: Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for resale.

29 Notes

30 Notes

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