Appendix 3 Sample size and cost of surveys

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Appendix 3 Sample size and cost of surveys"

Transcription

1 Appendix 3 Sample size and cost of surveys Here we estimate the sample sizes needed to carry out prevalence of infection and disease, incidence of disease and verbal autopsy surveys in the 22 high burden countries. These calculations only take into account the random errors associated with the sample size and do not take into account any systematic errors. A good rule of thumb is to double the sample size to allow for the design effect and incomplete data. In the case of tuberculin surveys, in particular, there is often a substantial contribution to the positive reactors from exposure to environmental mycobacteria. If, for example, half of the reactors were the result of exposure to environmental bacteria then one would have to double the sample size. In the case of incidence surveys it would be necessary to carry out two surveys, one year apart, and follow up individuals from one survey to the next. In the case of verbal autopsy surveys of death the number is the number of deaths that would have to be investigated. These calculations assume that we want to be able to detect a decrease of 25%. This number is chosen since, over a period of five years, this would correspond to a decline of about 5% per year. The incidence and prevalence are for all forms of TB as estimated in the current Global Report, 1 TB deaths as estimated in the current Global Report, 1 total deaths from the world-wide-web, and ARI from the study by Trunz et al. 2 assuming that the children in the sample are between 5 and 10 years old. Tuberculin From Table 1 it appears that tuberculin surveys can be done with sample sizes of between 1k and 3k in all countries if the data are uncontaminated by exposure to environmental mycobacteria. Recent studies in India, Kenya, Tanzania and Somalia suggest that this is unlikely to be the case and the sample size needs to be increased by a factor of three or more. About 3k to 10k is probably a realistic sample size. Prevalence of disease Prevalence surveys require sample sizes of 20k to 100k in all countries except Brazil and Russia where they would need more than 100k people. Incidence of disease Incidence surveys require larger sample sizes (and need to be repeated) but in addition to Brazil and Russia the sample size would have to be greater than 200k in China, India, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. Since incidence is about 50% of prevalence where there is little HIV, sample sizes are typically about twice those for prevalence surveys and two prevalence surveys are needed to determine incidence. Incidence surveys are also logistically more difficult since they depend on following this very large number of individuals.

2 Table 1. Sample sizes for surveys in the high burden countries. ARI (%) Prevalence of infection at 7.5 yrs Prevalence of disease Incidence of disease (/yr) TB mortality (/yr) Crude death rate (/yr) Proportion deaths due to TB Afghanistan Bangladesh Brazil Cambodia China DR Congo Ethiopia India Indonesia Kenya Mozambique Myanmar Nigeria Pakistan Philippines Russian Fed South Africa Thailand Uganda UR Tanzania Viet Nam Zimbabwe

3 Death surveys Cause of death surveys using verbal autopsy can also be done with less than 10k deaths in all countries except Brazil and Russia. Table 2. Costs associated with prevalence surveys. Type Reference Cost Sample size (k) Cost per person tested (US$) Disease Bangladesh Cambodia c Eritrea a Indonesia a Kenya Tanzania 5 1,100 Vietnam a,d Vietnam b,d 3 1, Infection Kenya 5, Somalia Vietnam d a. No radiography; b. MMR; c. CXR; d. Still being planned. 1 Sebhatu, M. Determining the tuberculosis burden in Eritrea: Report of the tuberculosis prevalence survey in Eritrea Ministry of Health and National AIDS and Tuberculosis Control Division, NATCoD, (2006) 2 Ministry of Health, Tuberculosis Prevalence Survey in Cambodia 3 Development plan of the National Tuberculosis Control Programme for the period , Hanoi S.R. Vietnam, Ministry of Health 4 Report of the Study of the Prevalence of TB Infection in Somalia, Munim A, Rajab Y, Barker A, Daniel M, Williams B. 5 Marieke van der Werf, personal communication. 6 Reneé L Herminez, personal communication. Costs A number of countries have recently carried out or are planning to carry out prevalence of infection and prevalence of disease surveys but few countries provide detailed data on their cost. From the limited available data (Table 2) the cost of prevalence-of-disease surveys ranges from about US$4 to US$15 per person surveyed depending mainly on whether or not radiography is included in the screening, as noted explicitly in the plans for the survey in Vietnam. The cost of recent tuberculin surveys ranges from US$2 to US$5 per child tested. Verbal autopsy surveys may be expected to cost about US$1 to US$5 per person surveyed but more need to be done to establish the actual costs. In estimating survey costs we have also double the size of the prevalence surveys and the mortality surveys to allow for the design effect and loss to follow up and we have again 3/5

4 doubled the size of the incidence surveys since each survey needs an initial sample which must then be followed up a year or more later. The estimated costs of surveys for each of the high burden countries are given in Table 3. Table 2. Approximate costs of various surveys. For the prevalence of infection surveys in Table 1 the sample size has been multiplied by 2 and the cost is assumed to be US$2 to 5 per person tested. For the prevalence of diseases and incidence of disease surveys the sample size has been multiplied by 2 and 4, respectively, and the cost is assumed to be US$5 to 15 per person surveyed. For the cause of death surveys the sample sizes has been multiplied by 2 and the cost is assumed to be US$1 to 5 per person tested. Prevalence of infection Prevalence of disease Incidence of disease (US$M) TB deaths from VA Afghanistan Bangladesh Brazil Cambodia China DR Congo Ethiopia India Indonesia Kenya Mozambique Myanmar Nigeria Pakistan Philippines Russian Fed South Africa Thailand Uganda UR Tanzania Viet Nam Zimbabwe The average cost of the prevalence of infection surveys ranges from about US$10k to US$20k. The average cost of prevalence of disease surveys ranges from about US$600k to US$ 1.7M with the lower estimate for surveys without radiography and the upper estimate for surveys with radiography. In the case of Brazil, however, where the prevalence of infection is low the cost of a prevalence survey with radiography could reach US$7M. The average cost 4/5

5 of incidence of disease surveys ranges from about US$1.6M to US$4.9M again with the lower estimate for surveys without radiography and the upper estimate for surveys with radiography. The average cost of cause of death surveys ranges from US$90k to US$260k depending on the cost of doing verbal autopsies. References 1. World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Control: Surveillance, Planning, Financing. World Health Organization, Geneva (2006). 2. Trunz, B. B., Fine, P. & Dye, C. Effect of BCG vaccination on childhood tuberculous meningitis and miliary tuberculosis worldwide: a meta-analysis and assessment of cost-effectiveness. Lancet 367, (2006). 5/5

Mathematical modelling approach to estimating TB burden in children Pete Dodd (University of Sheffield) & James Seddon (Imperial College London)

Mathematical modelling approach to estimating TB burden in children Pete Dodd (University of Sheffield) & James Seddon (Imperial College London) Mathematical modelling approach to estimating TB burden in children Pete Dodd (University of Sheffield) & (Imperial College London) Wednesday, 1 April 215 Health Economics & Decision Science School of

More information

TB, BCG and other things. Chris Conlon Infectious Diseases Oxford

TB, BCG and other things. Chris Conlon Infectious Diseases Oxford TB, BCG and other things Chris Conlon Infectious Diseases Oxford Epidemiology Latent TB IGRA BCG >50/100000

More information

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TUBERCULOSIS AND the IMPACT ON CHILDREN

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TUBERCULOSIS AND the IMPACT ON CHILDREN EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TUBERCULOSIS AND the IMPACT ON CHILDREN Anneke C. Hesseling Professor in Paediatrics and Child Health Director: Desmond Tutu TB center Stellenbosch University 11 September 11 th International

More information

#4 (Tuberculosis OR TB OR Pulmonary Tuberculosis OR Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis OR MDR OR Extremely-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis or XDR)

#4 (Tuberculosis OR TB OR Pulmonary Tuberculosis OR Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis OR MDR OR Extremely-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis or XDR) DATABASE Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews DATE 15 DECEMBER 2015 #1 Safety of Crucell Ad35/ AERAS-402 OR Effectiveness of Crucell Ad35/ Aeras-402 OR Safety of MVA85A/ Aeras-485 OR Effectiveness of

More information

TB Disease Prevalence Survey - Progress Report

TB Disease Prevalence Survey - Progress Report TB Disease Prevalence Survey - Progress Report 30 Oct 2011, Lille Ikushi Onozaki MD, MPH Team Leader, TB Prevalence Survey WHO Global Task Force on TB Impact Measurement Stop TB Department, WHO onozakii@who.int

More information

WHAT'S IN A NUMBER? TWO RECENT REPORTS ESTIMATING CHILDHOOD TB CASES.

WHAT'S IN A NUMBER? TWO RECENT REPORTS ESTIMATING CHILDHOOD TB CASES. WHAT'S IN A NUMBER? TWO RECENT REPORTS ESTIMATING CHILDHOOD TB CASES. Helen Jenkins, Peter Dodd, Andrea Cruz Instructor, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA Research Associate, University of Sheffield,

More information

The epidemiology of tuberculosis

The epidemiology of tuberculosis The epidemiology of tuberculosis Tuberculosis Workshop Shanghai, 12-22 May 28 Philippe Glaziou World Health Organization Outline Epidemiology refresher Estimates of tuberculosis disease burden Notifications

More information

4/25/2012. The information on patterns of infection and disease can assist in: Assessing current and evolving trends in TB

4/25/2012. The information on patterns of infection and disease can assist in: Assessing current and evolving trends in TB Sindy M. Paul, MD, MPH, FACPM May 1, 2012 The information on patterns of infection and disease can assist in: Assessing current and evolving trends in TB morbidity, including resistance Identifying people

More information

Global, National, Regional

Global, National, Regional Epidemiology of TB: Global, National, Regional September 13, 211 Edward Zuroweste, MD Chief Medical Officer Migrant Clinicians Network Assistant Professor of Medicine Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Epidemiology

More information

WHO Global Task Force on TB Impact Measurement An overview

WHO Global Task Force on TB Impact Measurement An overview WHO Global Task Force on TB Impact Measurement An overview Katherine Floyd (WHO/GTB/TME) 3 rd meeting of the TB estimates subgroup Glion-sur-Montreux, 31March 2 April 2015 GLOBAL TB PROGRAMME 1. Broad

More information

The American Experience with TB Elimination

The American Experience with TB Elimination Reaching the Goal of TB Elimination by 2035 March 3, 2015 The American Experience with TB Elimination John Jereb, M.D. Medical officer Division of Tuberculosis Elimination National Center for HIV/AIDS,

More information

Global, National, Regional

Global, National, Regional Epidemiology of TB: Global, National, Regional September 13, 211 Edward Zuroweste, MD Chief Medical Officer Migrant Clinicians Network Assistant Professor of Medicine Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Epidemiology

More information

Global TB control: Current status with particular attention to TB among women and children

Global TB control: Current status with particular attention to TB among women and children Global TB control: Current status with particular attention to TB among women and children Katherine Floyd Stop TB Department World Health Organization 42 nd Union World Conference on Lung Health Stop

More information

STUDENT MEDICAL FORM

STUDENT MEDICAL FORM STUDENT MEDICAL FORM Welcome to MARYMOUNT UNIVERSITY! All students are required to complete demographic, insurance information, and immunization history. All Marymount students born after December 31,

More information

The United Nations flag outside the Secretariat building of the United Nations, New York City, United States of America

The United Nations flag outside the Secretariat building of the United Nations, New York City, United States of America The United Nations flag outside the Secretariat building of the United Nations, New York City, United States of America Mike Segar / Reuters Executive Summary Context On 26 September 2018, the United Nations

More information

TB Disease Prevalence Survey - Overview, why and how

TB Disease Prevalence Survey - Overview, why and how TB Disease Prevalence Survey - Overview, why and how Ikushi Onozaki MD, MPH Team Leader, TB Prevalence Survey WHO Global Task Force on TB Impact Measurement Stop TB Department, WHO onozakii@who.int 3 strategic

More information

Annex 2 A. Regional profile: West Africa

Annex 2 A. Regional profile: West Africa Annex 2 A. Regional profile: West Africa 355 million people at risk for malaria in 215 297 million at high risk A. Parasite prevalence, 215 Funding for malaria increased from US$ 233 million to US$ 262

More information

Child undernutrition based on the new WHO growth standards and rates of reduction to 2015

Child undernutrition based on the new WHO growth standards and rates of reduction to 2015 1 Child undernutrition based on the new WHO growth standards and rates of reduction to 2015 Dr Mercedes de Onis SCN Annual Session, Hanoi, Viet Nam 2008 2 Intergenerational cycle of growth failure Child

More information

TB Disease Prevalence Survey - Overview and Introduction of the TF

TB Disease Prevalence Survey - Overview and Introduction of the TF TB Disease Prevalence Survey - Overview and Introduction of the TF Ikushi Onozaki MD, MPH Team Leader, TB Prevalence Survey WHO Global Task Force on TB Impact Measurement Stop TB Department, WHO onozakii@who.int

More information

Follow-up to the high-level meetings of the United Nations General Assembly on health-related issues

Follow-up to the high-level meetings of the United Nations General Assembly on health-related issues EXECUTIVE BOARD EB44/ 44th session December 08 Provisional agenda item 5.8 Follow-up to the high-level meetings of the United Nations General Assembly on health-related issues Ending tuberculosis Report

More information

Recipients of development assistance for health

Recipients of development assistance for health Chapter 2 Recipients of development assistance for health Both low- and middle-income countries are eligible for development assistance for health (DAH). In addition to income, burden of disease, which

More information

Landscape Analysis on Countries' Readiness to Accelerate Action to Reduce Maternal and Child Undernutrition

Landscape Analysis on Countries' Readiness to Accelerate Action to Reduce Maternal and Child Undernutrition 35 th Session of the UN Standing Committee on Nutrition (SCN) Hanoi, 3 6 March 2008 Landscape Analysis on Countries' Readiness to Accelerate Action to Reduce Maternal and Child Undernutrition Jorgen Schlundt

More information

Please evaluate this material by clicking here:

Please evaluate this material by clicking here: EPI Case Study 3: Cross-Sectional, Case-Control, and Cohort Studies Identification of TB Risk Time to Complete Exercise: 60 minutes LEARNING OBJECTIVES At the completion of this module, participants should

More information

Global Measles and Rubella Update November 2018

Global Measles and Rubella Update November 2018 Global Measles and Rubella Update November 218 Measles Number of Reported Measles by WHO Regions 218 Region Member States* Suspected cases Measles cases Clin Epi Lab Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep

More information

TUBERCULOSIS (TB) SCREENING AND TESTING

TUBERCULOSIS (TB) SCREENING AND TESTING TUBERCULOSIS (TB) SCREENING AND TESTING COMMUNITY CARE FACILITIES LICENSING PROGRAM Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis which is a slow-growing

More information

World Health Organization 2013

World Health Organization 2013 World Health Organization 2013 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization are available on the WHO web site (www.who.int) or can be purchased from WHO Press, World Health Organization,

More information

Global Measles and Rubella Update. April 2018

Global Measles and Rubella Update. April 2018 Global Measles and Rubella Update April 218 Measles Number of Reported Measles by WHO Regions 218 Region Member States* Suspected cases Measles cases Clin Epi Lab Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct

More information

GLOBAL TB IMPACT MEASUREMENT

GLOBAL TB IMPACT MEASUREMENT GLOBAL TB IMPACT MEASUREMENT What is it? Why is it important? How can it be done? What will it cost? 1. What is global TB impact measurement and why is it important? Global TB Impact Measurement is the

More information

Global reductions in measles mortality and the risk of measles resurgence

Global reductions in measles mortality and the risk of measles resurgence Global reductions in measles mortality 2000 2008 and the risk of measles resurgence Measles is one of the most contagious human diseases. In 1980 before the use of measles vaccine was widespread, there

More information

The Scaling-up of TB/HIV Collaborative Activities in the Asia-Pacific

The Scaling-up of TB/HIV Collaborative Activities in the Asia-Pacific Health System Strengthening and Sustaining the Response The Scaling-up of TB/HIV Collaborative Activities in the Asia-Pacific Jintana Ngamvithayapong-Yanai, Ph.D. On behalf of TB/HIV Working Group, the

More information

O c t o b e r 1 0,

O c t o b e r 1 0, STUDENT VOICES FROM THE FIELD: WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION GENEVA, SWITZERLAND O c t o b e r 1 0, 2 0 1 6 M o l l y P e z z u l o University at Albany School of Public Health MPH Epidemiology Candidate 17

More information

What is this document and who is it for?

What is this document and who is it for? Measles and Rubella Initiative s Standard Operating Procedures for Accessing Support for Measles and Rubella Supplementary Immunization Activities During 2016 In the context of measles and rubella elimination

More information

Updates on the global TB Global TB burden Policy response Treatment approaches

Updates on the global TB Global TB burden Policy response Treatment approaches Ernesto Updates on the global TB Global TB burden Policy response Treatment approaches Ernesto Jaramillo WHO Global TB Programmme World Health Organization, Geneva, Tuberculosis is the leading infectious

More information

HIV Prevention in Young People: Current Context, Opportunities and Challenges Dr. Susan Kasedde Senior Specialist, HIV Prevention UNICEF, NY

HIV Prevention in Young People: Current Context, Opportunities and Challenges Dr. Susan Kasedde Senior Specialist, HIV Prevention UNICEF, NY HIV Prevention in Young People: Current Context, Opportunities and Challenges Dr. Susan Kasedde Senior Specialist, HIV Prevention UNICEF, NY Web-Conference: Mass Media for HIV Prevention Among Young People

More information

GLOBAL TUBERCULOSIS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

GLOBAL TUBERCULOSIS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY GLOBAL TUBERCULOSIS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2018 Context On 26 September 2018, the United Nations (UN) will hold its first highlevel meeting on tuberculosis (TB), at its headquarters in New York. The

More information

Global Measles and Rubella Update October 2018

Global Measles and Rubella Update October 2018 Global Measles and Rubella Update October 218 Measles Number of Reported Measles Cases by WHO Regions 218 Region Member States* Suspected cases Measles cases Clin Epi Lab Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug

More information

The Scaling-up of TB/HIV Collaborative Activities in the Asia-Pacific

The Scaling-up of TB/HIV Collaborative Activities in the Asia-Pacific Health System Strengthening and Sustaining the Response The Scaling-up of TB/HIV Collaborative Activities in the Asia-Pacific Jintana Ngamvithayapong-Yanai, Ph.D. On behalf of TB/HIV Working Group, the

More information

Eligibility List 2018

Eligibility List 2018 The Global Fund s 2017-2022 strategy and allocation-based approach enables strategic investment to accelerate the end of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria and build resilient and sustainable systems for

More information

JOINT TB AND HIV PROGRAMMING

JOINT TB AND HIV PROGRAMMING JOINT TB AND HIV PROGRAMMING Haileyesus Getahun, WHO. On behalf of the Global Fund Interagency TB and HIV Working Group (Global Fund, PEPFAR, Stop TB Partnership, UNAIDS, WHO) I was admitted in a hospital

More information

Strengthening Lab Capacity for TB Diagnosis and Care in LMICs

Strengthening Lab Capacity for TB Diagnosis and Care in LMICs Strengthening Lab Capacity for TB Diagnosis and Care in LMICs Raising the Bar June 20, 2018 Advanced TB Diagnostics Course McGill University, Montreal Kathleen England, PhD MSc TB Diagnostics Advisor MSF

More information

Current State of Global HIV Care Continua. Reuben Granich 1, Somya Gupta 1, Irene Hall 2, John Aberle-Grasse 2, Shannon Hader 2, Jonathan Mermin 2

Current State of Global HIV Care Continua. Reuben Granich 1, Somya Gupta 1, Irene Hall 2, John Aberle-Grasse 2, Shannon Hader 2, Jonathan Mermin 2 Current State of Global HIV Care Continua Reuben Granich 1, Somya Gupta 1, Irene Hall 2, John Aberle-Grasse 2, Shannon Hader 2, Jonathan Mermin 2 1) International Association of Providers of AIDS Care

More information

ON THE ROAD TO ENDING TB HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE 30 HIGHEST TB BURDEN COUNTRIES

ON THE ROAD TO ENDING TB HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE 30 HIGHEST TB BURDEN COUNTRIES ON THE ROAD TO ENDING TB HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE 30 HIGHEST TB BURDEN COUNTRIES VISION: A WORLD FREE OF TB Zero deaths, disease and suffering due to tuberculosis GOAL: END THE GLOBAL TB EPIDEMIC INDICATORS

More information

TT Procured by UNICEF

TT Procured by UNICEF TT TT Procured by UNICEF 2001-08 250,000,000 200,000,000 150,000,000 100,000,000 50,000,000 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Routine SIA TT historical demand and forecast overview Upcoming Tender

More information

BCG. and your baby. Immunisation. Protecting babies against TB. the safest way to protect your child

BCG. and your baby. Immunisation. Protecting babies against TB. the safest way to protect your child BCG and your baby Protecting babies against TB Immunisation the safest way to protect your child This leaflet is about the BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) vaccination that is being offered to protect your

More information

The WHO Global Project on anti-tb drug resistance surveillance: background, objectives, achievements, challenges, next steps

The WHO Global Project on anti-tb drug resistance surveillance: background, objectives, achievements, challenges, next steps The WHO Global Project on anti-tb drug resistance surveillance: background, objectives, achievements, challenges, next steps Matteo Zignol STOP TB Department World Health Organization TB surveillance and

More information

Revitalising community engagement for TB and TB/HIV prevention, diagnosis and treatment

Revitalising community engagement for TB and TB/HIV prevention, diagnosis and treatment 17 th TB/HIV Core Group meeting, Beijing, China. November 11, 2011 Revitalising community engagement for TB and TB/HIV prevention, diagnosis and treatment Haileyesus Getahun Stop TB Department WHO Outline

More information

National TB prevalence surveys

National TB prevalence surveys National TB prevalence surveys 2009-2015 小野崎郁史 Ikushi Onozaki Irwin Law TB Monitoring & Evaluation Global TB Programme WHO Mandate WHO Global Task Force on TB Impact Measurement To produce a robust, rigorous

More information

Epidemiology of TB: A Local and National Overview

Epidemiology of TB: A Local and National Overview Epidemiology of TB: A Local and National Overview Sonal S. Munsiff, MD Director, Bureau of Tuberculosis Control NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Medical Officer, DTBE, CDC February 4, 24 Tuberculosis

More information

UNAIDS Office on AIDS, Security and Humanitarian Response; Initiative on HIV/AIDS and Uniformed Services, with special emphasis on young recruits

UNAIDS Office on AIDS, Security and Humanitarian Response; Initiative on HIV/AIDS and Uniformed Services, with special emphasis on young recruits REGIONS COUNTRY PROJECT DESCRIPTION MONITORING / South and South East Cambodia Bangladesh UNAIDS to support HIV/AIDS prevention activities for Demobilizing personnel UNAIDS to support HIV/AIDS prevention

More information

THE FEW REMAINING (IMPOSSIBLE) CASES

THE FEW REMAINING (IMPOSSIBLE) CASES THE FEW REMAINING (IMPOSSIBLE) CASES AG Holley 60 th Anniversary Celebration AG Holley State Hospital Lantana, FL July 21, 2010 Lee B. Reichman, MD, MPH AG Holley 60th Anniversary Celebration 1 TB Historical

More information

Impact Dashboard - October 2014

Impact Dashboard - October 2014 Impact Dashboard - 2014 By 2014, PSI and its network members averted an estimated 44.2 million DALYs globally. PSI has met 60.6% of the strategic plan (SP) target to avert 198.7 million DALYs, and 56.4%

More information

Dear Roanoke College Student:

Dear Roanoke College Student: Dear Roanoke College Student: Congratulations on your acceptance and decision to attend Roanoke College. We at Health Services look forward to serving your needs and wish you the best of luck as you begin

More information

Impact Dashboard - August 2014

Impact Dashboard - August 2014 Impact Dashboard - By, PSI and its network members averted an estimated 29.7 million DALYs globally. PSI has met 53.3% of the strategic plan (SP) target to avert 198.7 million DALYs, and 53.0% of the SP

More information

GBD2013 Tuberculosis estimates of mortality, incidence and prevalence

GBD2013 Tuberculosis estimates of mortality, incidence and prevalence GBD2013 Tuberculosis estimates of mortality, incidence and prevalence Theo Vos Professor of Global Health March 31, 2015 Tuberculosis estimation strategy 1) Goal: Use all available data on different outcomes

More information

Epidemiology and economics: modelling the scenarios for the end of AIDS

Epidemiology and economics: modelling the scenarios for the end of AIDS Epidemiology and economics: modelling the scenarios for the end of AIDS Controlling the HIV Epidemic with Antiretrovirals: from consensus to implementations London, England September 22, 2013 Reuben Granich,

More information

Tuberculosisisthesecondmostimportantcause of adult death

Tuberculosisisthesecondmostimportantcause of adult death Global Investments In TB Control: Economic Benefits As a successful treatment spreads in countries that are the hardest hit by TB, researchers can determine where limited funds can be spentmosteffectively.

More information

Humanitarian Initiative to Prepare for a Pandemic Influenza Emergency (HIPPIE) Ron Waldman, MD Avian and Pandemic Influenza Unit USAID/Washington

Humanitarian Initiative to Prepare for a Pandemic Influenza Emergency (HIPPIE) Ron Waldman, MD Avian and Pandemic Influenza Unit USAID/Washington Humanitarian Initiative to Prepare for a Pandemic Influenza Emergency (HIPPIE) Ron Waldman, MD Avian and Pandemic Influenza Unit USAID/Washington Objectives of Presentation Review current status of avian

More information

Update on Progress and Challenges in Achieving Measles and Rubella Targets

Update on Progress and Challenges in Achieving Measles and Rubella Targets Update on Progress and Challenges in Achieving Measles and Rubella Targets SAGE Meeting 6 November 2013 P. Strebel, WHO/IVB/EPI Overview Global progress Regional updates Summary 2 Measles and Rubella Targets

More information

Measuring Progress Towards the Millennium Development Goals for TB Control

Measuring Progress Towards the Millennium Development Goals for TB Control Measuring Progress Towards the Millennium Development Goals for TB Control Task Force convened under the auspices of the Strategic and Technical Advisory Group (STAG), Stop Tuberculosis Department, World

More information

Estimating the global burden of tuberculosis. WHO estimates of TB incidence, prevalence and mortality, by country,

Estimating the global burden of tuberculosis. WHO estimates of TB incidence, prevalence and mortality, by country, Estimating the global burden of tuberculosis WHO estimates of TB incidence, prevalence and mortality, by country, 1990 2007 This morning s presentation Why estimate the burden? A brief history of TB estimates

More information

EXPLANATION OF INDICATORS CHOSEN FOR THE 2017 ANNUAL SUN MOVEMENT PROGRESS REPORT

EXPLANATION OF INDICATORS CHOSEN FOR THE 2017 ANNUAL SUN MOVEMENT PROGRESS REPORT UNICEF / Zar Mon Annexes EXPLANATION OF INDICATORS CHOSEN FOR THE 2017 ANNUAL SUN MOVEMENT PROGRESS REPORT This report includes nine nutrition statistics, as per the 2017 Global Nutrition Report. These

More information

ICM: Trade-offs in the fight against HIV/AIDS

ICM: Trade-offs in the fight against HIV/AIDS ICM: Trade-offs in the fight against HIV/AIDS 1 As the HIV/AIDS pandemic enters its 25 th year, both the number of infections and number of deaths due to the disease continue to rise. Despite an enormous

More information

Gavi s strategic framework 22 June 2016

Gavi s strategic framework 22 June 2016 Gavi s 2016 2020 strategic framework 22 June 2016 Gavi 2000-2015 Gavi 3.0 Gavi 2.0 250 million children immunised Gavi 1.0 90m children immunised 200 million children immunised 2000 2005 2006 2010 2011

More information

GOAL 2: ACHIEVE RUBELLA AND CRS ELIMINATION. (indicator G2.2) Highlights

GOAL 2: ACHIEVE RUBELLA AND CRS ELIMINATION. (indicator G2.2) Highlights GOAL 2: ACHIEVE RUBELLA AND CRS ELIMINATION (indicator G2.2) Highlights As of December 2014, 140 Member States had introduced rubella vaccines; coverage, however, varies from 12% to 94% depending on region.

More information

Finding the missing TB cases

Finding the missing TB cases Finding the missing TB cases Optimizing strategies to enhance case detection in high HIV burden settings Dr Malgosia Grzemska Global TB Programme, WHO/HQ, Geneva SWITZERLAND Child and Adolescent TB Working

More information

HIV DIAGNOSTIC TESTS IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES: FORECASTS OF GLOBAL DEMAND FOR

HIV DIAGNOSTIC TESTS IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES: FORECASTS OF GLOBAL DEMAND FOR HIV DIAGNOSTIC TESTS IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES: FORECASTS OF GLOBAL DEMAND FOR 2015 2020 Presented by Vincent Habiyambere (WHO), Biyi Adesina (Avenir Health) and Meghan Wareham (CHAI) on behalf

More information

The Goals Model as a Tool for Allocating HIV/AIDS Resources & Strategic Planning

The Goals Model as a Tool for Allocating HIV/AIDS Resources & Strategic Planning The Goals Model as a Tool for Allocating HIV/AIDS Resources & Strategic Planning Steven Forsythe, PhD Senior Health Economist, Futures Institute Steven.Forsythe@gmail.com How do the Tools Fit? Surveillance

More information

The global TB epidemic and progress in control

The global TB epidemic and progress in control CHAPTER 1 The global TB epidemic and progress in control The status of the TB epidemic and progress in control of the disease have been assessed by WHO annually since 1997. This assessment has included

More information

Funding for AIDS: The World Bank s Role. Yolanda Tayler, WB Bi-regional Workshop for the Procurement of ARVs Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Funding for AIDS: The World Bank s Role. Yolanda Tayler, WB Bi-regional Workshop for the Procurement of ARVs Phnom Penh, Cambodia Funding for AIDS: The World Bank s Role Yolanda Tayler, WB Bi-regional Workshop for the Procurement of ARVs Phnom Penh, Cambodia Outline New resources needs estimates Bridging the gap Global overview of

More information

Prevalence Survey -Global Overview- Background, Survey results since 2007, Lessons and Implications to the program Ikushi Onozaki MD MPH WHO HQ STB

Prevalence Survey -Global Overview- Background, Survey results since 2007, Lessons and Implications to the program Ikushi Onozaki MD MPH WHO HQ STB Prevalence Survey -Global Overview- Background, Survey results since 2007, Lessons and Implications to the program Ikushi Onozaki MD MPH WHO HQ STB TME The Global Task Force on TB Impact Measurement WHO

More information

Diagnostic Procurement The Clinton Foundation HIV/AIDS Initiative

Diagnostic Procurement The Clinton Foundation HIV/AIDS Initiative Diagnostic Procurement The Clinton Foundation HIV/AIDS Initiative 28 October 2008 Geneva 1 CHAI Work in Diagnostics - Context Diagnostic Test Agreements - In 2002 when CHAI was formed, the price of many

More information

Tuberculosis in England 2018 report (presenting data to end of 2017) Tables and figures slide set

Tuberculosis in England 2018 report (presenting data to end of 2017) Tables and figures slide set Tuberculosis in England 2018 report (presenting data to end of 2017) Tables and figures slide set Number of TB notifications and rates, England, 1971-2017 2 Tuberculosis in England: 2018 report, Office

More information

The need for new TB diagnostics in children and the way forward

The need for new TB diagnostics in children and the way forward The need for new TB diagnostics in children and the way forward Steve Graham Centre for International Child Health University of Melbourne Department of Paediatrics Royal Children s Hospital Melbourne

More information

#1 #2 OR Immunity verified by immune titer (please attach report) * No titer needed if proof of two doses of Varicella provided

#1 #2 OR Immunity verified by immune titer (please attach report) * No titer needed if proof of two doses of Varicella provided Student Information: Date of Birth: There are two ways to provide us with your immunization information. 1) Students can have their healthcare provider fill out and sign the form below. A healthcare provider

More information

Disparities in access: renewed focus on the underserved. Rick Johnston, WHO UNC Water and Health, Chapel Hill 13 October, 2014

Disparities in access: renewed focus on the underserved. Rick Johnston, WHO UNC Water and Health, Chapel Hill 13 October, 2014 Disparities in access: renewed focus on the underserved Rick Johnston, WHO UNC Water and Health, Chapel Hill 13 October, 2014 Sector proposal for post-2015 targets By 2030: to eliminate open defecation;

More information

Estimating TB burden. Philippe Glaziou World Health Organization Accra, Ghana

Estimating TB burden. Philippe Glaziou World Health Organization Accra, Ghana Estimating TB burden Philippe Glaziou World Health Organization Accra, Ghana Outline Basic facts about TB epidemiology What should we expect with regards TB burden over time? Main indicators of TB disease

More information

Main global and regional trends

Main global and regional trends I N T R O D U C T I O N Main global and regional trends Promising developments have been seen in recent years in global efforts to address the AS epidemic, including increased access to effective treatment

More information

Call to Action To Accelerate Access to DR-TB Drugs: 2016 Update

Call to Action To Accelerate Access to DR-TB Drugs: 2016 Update Call to Action To Accelerate Access to DR-TB Drugs: 2016 Update June 3, 2016 On March 10 th, 2015, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), ACTION Global Health Advocacy Partnership, SWIFT Response Project, Treatment

More information

Financing malaria control

Financing malaria control Chapter 6. Financing malaria control The three major sources of funds for malaria control pro - grammes are national government spending, external assistance from donors and household or private out-of-pocket

More information

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine: Current Supply & Demand Outlook. UNICEF Supply Division

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine: Current Supply & Demand Outlook. UNICEF Supply Division Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine: Current Supply & Demand Outlook UNICEF Supply Division Update: October 2013 0 Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) Supply & Demand Outlook October 2013 Update Key updates

More information

La Lotta alla Tubercolosi. Matteo Zignol and Mario C. Raviglione Stop TB Department WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. Geneva March 2012

La Lotta alla Tubercolosi. Matteo Zignol and Mario C. Raviglione Stop TB Department WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. Geneva March 2012 La Lotta alla Tubercolosi Matteo Zignol and Mario C. Raviglione Stop TB Department WHO, Geneva, Switzerland Geneva 19-20 March 2012 Overview of the presentation The global burden of tuberculosis The WHO

More information

Sexual and reproductive health care: A comparison of providers and delivery points between the African Region and other regions

Sexual and reproductive health care: A comparison of providers and delivery points between the African Region and other regions Core competencies in primary care: Supplement 2 Sexual and reproductive health care: A comparison of providers and delivery points between the African Region and other regions The Core competencies in

More information

MDR-TB and HIV co-infection in Eastern Europe. Francis Drobniewski MBBS PhD Professor of Global Health and Tuberculosis

MDR-TB and HIV co-infection in Eastern Europe. Francis Drobniewski MBBS PhD Professor of Global Health and Tuberculosis MDR-TB and HIV co-infection in Eastern Europe Francis Drobniewski MBBS PhD Professor of Global Health and Tuberculosis f.drobniewski@imperial.ac.uk Conflict of interest In the last year I have been a consultant

More information

Monitoring top 10 indicators. Philippe Glaziou September 2016

Monitoring top 10 indicators. Philippe Glaziou September 2016 Monitoring top 10 indicators Philippe Glaziou September 2016 Global TB Report 2016 outline top-10 indicators 1. Introduction 2. The SDGs, End TB Strategy and a new era of global TB monitoring 3. TB disease

More information

Subgroup Report Prevalence Survey. Ikushi Onozaki WHO/HQ/HTM/STB/TBS

Subgroup Report Prevalence Survey. Ikushi Onozaki WHO/HQ/HTM/STB/TBS Subgroup Report Prevalence Survey Ikushi Onozaki WHO/HQ/HTM/STB/TBS Role of sub-group Facilitate planning, implementation and reporting of National TB surveys in the 21 priority countries designated by

More information

Report of Medical History

Report of Medical History Report of Medical History Students are required to have a current Report of Medical History if they plan to live in university housing. These records can be obtained from the high school, college or university

More information

Overview of the Presentation

Overview of the Presentation Overview of the Presentation Definitions(TBCase, MDR-TB & XDR-TB) Global Tuberculosis (TB,HIV/TB,MDR & XDR)Scenario & Trend Risk factor for TB Natural history of TB Types of TB & Trends of Extra Pulmonary

More information

HIV and Harm Reduction in Prisons

HIV and Harm Reduction in Prisons HIV and Harm Reduction in Prisons School of Public Health and Community Medicine Professor Kate Dolan Program of International Research and Training National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre UNSW, Sydney,

More information

Respiratory Problems in Children

Respiratory Problems in Children Respiratory Problems in Children A/Prof Alex Tang all that glitters is not gold, all the wheezes is not asthma Objective Describe an overview of respiratory problems in children Define common respiratory

More information

The Promise of Introducing Rubella Containing Vaccines on the Impact of Rubella and Measles Control

The Promise of Introducing Rubella Containing Vaccines on the Impact of Rubella and Measles Control The Promise of Introducing Rubella Containing Vaccines on the Impact of Rubella and Measles Control GAVI Partners Forum 4 6 December 2012, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Maya van den Ent, MPH, UNICEF Peter Strebel,

More information

1. Consent for Treatment This form must be completed in order to receive healthcare services in the campus clinic.

1. Consent for Treatment This form must be completed in order to receive healthcare services in the campus clinic. HEALTH & WELLNESS SERVICES INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING THE REQUIRED MEDICAL FORMS FOR: U.S. CITIZENS 18 YEARS OF AGE OR OLDER AT THE TIME THE FORMS ARE COMPLETED. THIS REQUIREMENT MUST BE COMPLETED WHETHER:

More information

2015 CONTRACEPTIVE SOCIAL MARKETING STATISTICS

2015 CONTRACEPTIVE SOCIAL MARKETING STATISTICS 2015 CONTRACEPTIVE SOCIAL MARKETING STATISTICS November 2016 CONNECT WITH US Courtesy of DKT International 1701 K Street, NW Suite 900 Washington, DC 20006 1 SOCIAL MARKETING STATISTICS 2015 Highlights

More information

BACKGROUND DOCUMENT 4e. Prevalence surveys of TB disease post-2015 Why, How, Where?

BACKGROUND DOCUMENT 4e. Prevalence surveys of TB disease post-2015 Why, How, Where? BACKGROUND DOCUMENT 4e Prevalence surveys of TB disease post-2015 Why, How, Where? Prepared by: Philippe Glaziou, Irwin Law, Babis Sismanidis, Ikushi Onozaki, Katherine Floyd Questions for discussion 1.

More information

Certificate of Immunization

Certificate of Immunization Certificate of Immunization Required of all students (Page 1 of 5) QUESTIONS? 440-775-8180 or student.health@oberlin.edu (e-mail preferred) RETURN TO: Oberlin College Student Health Services 247 W. Lorain

More information

Funding Universal Access through a Global Health Charge on alcohol and tobacco: feasibility in the 20 countries with the largest HIV epidemics

Funding Universal Access through a Global Health Charge on alcohol and tobacco: feasibility in the 20 countries with the largest HIV epidemics Funding Universal Access through a Global Health Charge on alcohol and tobacco: feasibility in the 20 countries with the largest HIV epidemics Dr Andrew Hill, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Liverpool University,

More information

CONTRACEPTIVE SOCIAL MARKETING STATISTICS

CONTRACEPTIVE SOCIAL MARKETING STATISTICS 2016 CONTRACEPTIVE SOCIAL MARKETING STATISTICS August 2017 CONNECT WITH US Courtesy of DKT International 1701 K Street, NW Suite 900 Washington DC 20006 SOCIAL MARKETING STATISTICS 2016 Highlights 2016

More information

Sourcing of ARVs & HIV diagnostics. Procurement for Impact P4i

Sourcing of ARVs & HIV diagnostics. Procurement for Impact P4i Sourcing of ARVs & HIV diagnostics Procurement for Impact P4i AMDS ANNUAL STAKEHOLDERS AND PARTNERS MEETING 29 September 2014 Global Fund: Procurement for Impact: P4i Our objective was straightforward:

More information

511,000 (57% new cases) ~50,000 ~30,000

511,000 (57% new cases) ~50,000 ~30,000 Latest global TB estimates - 2007 (Updated Mar 2009) All forms of TB Greatest number of cases in Asia; greatest rates per capita in Africa Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) Estimated number of cases 9.27

More information

Pandemic H1N Dr. Maria Neira Global Influenza Programme WHO, Geneva

Pandemic H1N Dr. Maria Neira Global Influenza Programme WHO, Geneva Pandemic H1N1 2010 Dr. Maria Neira Global Influenza Programme WHO, Geneva WHO Role during pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Under the International Health Regulations (2005) Detect event (notification by Member States

More information

What we need to know: The role of HIV surveillance in ending the AIDS epidemic as a public health threat

What we need to know: The role of HIV surveillance in ending the AIDS epidemic as a public health threat 3 rd Global HIV/AIDS Surveillance Meeting What we need to know: The role of HIV surveillance in ending the AIDS epidemic as a public health threat Peter D Ghys (UNAIDS) Daniel Low-Beer (WHO) Irum Zaidi

More information