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4 !"!"#$%&'()*+,-./01!"#$%&'()*+,-./012!"ENF!"#$%&'()*+,( EOF!"#$%&'()*+,-.!)!"#$%&'(EPF!"#$%&'!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123!"#$%&'() kvr!" VRB MKP ã!"#$!"#$% &'()*+,-./)01!"#$ kvr!"#$%&'(!"#$ kvr!"#$%&'()*!xooz!"#$%&'()*+,-./01!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123!"#$%&'()*+$%,-./01!"#$%&'()*+,-./!0"!"#$%&'()*+!"#!"#$%&'()*+,-./01!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123!"#$%&'(%)*+,-./ 01 m`o!"#$%&'()*+,-./!"#$!"#$%&'()*+,-.'/0!"#$% T= NS= xopz!"#$%!"#$%&'()*+,-./$012!"#$%&'()*+,-./012!"#$%&'()*+,-./012!"#$% &'()*+,-./01!"#$%&'()*+,-./$01(!"xOQIORz!"#$%&'()*+!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123!"#!"#$% fëçåá~òáç= =oáñ~ãéáåáå!"#$%&'(!"#$% fëçåá~òáç= =oáñ~ãéáåáå!!"#$% &'()*+,-./01&!"#$%&'()*+,-./+0/1!"#$%&'#()*+QB=xOUz!!"#$%!&'() OBxOVz!"#!"#$%&'()*+,-.+/0!"#$%&'()*#+,-./01!"#$%&' ()*+$%,-./0!"#$%&'()*+,-!"./01!"#$%&'()*!"#$%&'()*!"#$%&'()*+,-./01! "#$%& '()*+,-./01!"#$%&'ENF!"#$%&'(!"#EOF!"#$%&'()"*+!"#$%&'()*EPF!"#$%!"#$%&'()*+,-./!"#$%&= i~íéåí=q_=áåñéåíáçå!"#!"#$%&'()*+,-./01!"#$%&'()*+,-./"#$0 xpmipnz!"#$%&'()*+,'!"#$%&'()*!+,-./012!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123 Eca^F OMMR!"#$%&'()E_äççÇ ~ëë~ó= Ñçê= jóåçä~åíéêáìã= íìäéêåìäçëáëi= _^jqf nì~åíácbolk=q_=íéëí!"#$%&'()*! Tzu Chi Med J (Suppl 6) PU!"#$%&'()*+, VR Q!"#$NNITRN!"#$%&xOSz!"#$%&'()*+",#$-./!"#$%&'()*+,--./0!"#$%&'()*+,-#$./01!"#$%&'()*+,-. /0$%!"#$%&'()*+,! -.!"#$%&'()*+,#-./012!"#$ %&'()*+,-./01!"#$%&'()*+,-./01!!"#$%&'()*+,-./01xOTz

5 =!"#$!" kqjxpoz!"#$%&'()!"#$%&'()*+,-./0!"#$%&'()*+"#$%,+!"#$%$&'()*+,-./012!"#$%&'()*+,-./0#12!"#$%%&'() *+,-./()!"#$%&'()*+,-./0#12!"#$%&'()*+,-./012!"#$%&'()*+,-.! 1. Diagnostic standards and Classification of Tuberculosis in Adult and Children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161: World Health Organization : Global tuberculosis control: surveillance, planning, financing. WHO Geneva 2006, World Health Organization, 2006, pp !"#$%&'()*+,-./% !VP!"#$%&'()* 2005pp Sepkowitz KA: Tuberculosis and the health care worker: A historical perspective. Ann Intern Med 1994; 120: Menzies D, Fanning A, Yuan L, Fitzgerald M: Tuberculosis among health care workers. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: World Health Organization: Guidelines for implementing collaborative TB and HIV programme activities WHO report, 2003, pp Kilinc O, Ucan ES, Cakan MDA, et al: Risk of tuberculosis among healthcare workers: Can tuberculosis be considered as an occupational disease? Respir Med 2002; 96: Jelip J, Mathew GG, Yusin T, et al : Risk factors of tuberculosis among health care workers in Sabah, Malaysia. Tuberculosis 2004; 84: Toman's tuberculosis case detection, treatment, and monitoring 2nd edition World Health Organization Geneva, 2004, pp MacGregor RR: A year's experience with tuberculosis in a private urban teaching hospital in the postsanatorium era. Am J Med 1975; 58: Craven RB, Wenzel RP, Atuk N: Minimizing tuberculosis risk to hospital personnel and students exposed to unsuspected disease. Ann Intern Med 1975; 82: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Nosocomial transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis found through screening for severe acute respiratory syndrome-taipei, Taiwan, MMWR Recomm Rep 2004; 53: !"#$%&'()*%+,-.)*%/ !"#$!"%&'()*+,-./012345!"#$%&'()*+,-.=!=2005; 21: Jensen PA, Lambert LA, Iademarco MF, Ridzon R: Guidelines for preventing the transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in health-care settings, MMWR Recomm Rep 2005; 54: American Thoracic Society, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Infectious Disease Society of America: Controlling tuberculosis in the United State. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 172: Davis YM, McCray E, Simone PM: Hospital infection control practices for tuberculosis. Clin Chest Med 1997; 18: !"#$%&'()*+,-./%0123$4* CDC: Tuberculosis Coalition for Technical Assistance. International Standard for Tuberculosis Care. The Hague: Tuberculosis Coalition for Technical Assistance, CDC: Guidelines for Environmental Infection Control in Health-Care Facilities Recommendations of CDC and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). MMWR Recomm Rep 2003; 52: Russell AD, Hugo WB, Ayliffe GAJ: Principles and practice of disinfection, preservation and sterilization. 4nd ed. London: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 2004, pp American National Standard Institute. American national standard for respiratory protection. ANSI Z New York: American National Standards Institute, Andrew OT, Schoenfeld PY, Hopewell PC, Humphreys MH: Tuberculosis in patients with end-stage renal disease. Am J Med 1980; 68: Newberry WM, Sanford JP: Defective cellular immunity in renal failure: Depression of reactivity of lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin by renal failure serum. J Clin Invest 1971; 50: Andrew OT, Schoenfeld PY, Hopewell PC, Humphreys MH: Tuberculosis in patients with end-stage renal disease. Am J Med 1980; 68: !"#W= =E!F tw/index_info_info.asp?data_id= Dooley SW Jr, Castro KG, Hutton MD, Mullan RJ, Polder JA, Snider DE Jr: Guidelines for preventing the transmission of tuberculosis in health care settings, with special focus on HIV-related issues. MMWR Recomm Rep 1990; 39:1-29 Tzu Chi Med J (Suppl 6)! PV

6 28. World Health Organizer: Drug- and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). dotsplus/faq/en/index.html., !"#$%&'()*+,-./012!" OMMS 30. American Thoracic Society, CDC: Targeted tuberculin testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. MMWR 2000; 49(RR06): Snider DE Jr, Caurthen GM: Tuberculin skin testing of hospital employees: Infection, "boosting," and two-step testing. Am J Infect Control 1984; 12: Mazurek GH, Jereb J, Lobue P, et al: Guidelines for using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold test for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, United State. MMWR Recomm Rep 2005; 54: QM! Tzu Chi Med J (Suppl 6)