Duration Goal. Activity Overview

Transcription

1 Duration Goal Module 7: Pilina A o Understanding Sexually Transmitted Infections 60 minutes To gain knowledge about different STIs and how STIs can be transmitted. Learner Outcomes Students will: 1. Identify the types of STIs and how STIs are transmitted. 2. Be able to identify the bodily fluids that transmit HIV and some other STIs. 3. Understand that there are many myths about STIs and HIV. Standards and Benchmarks Materials Needed Activity Overview HE , HE , HE , HE , HE , HE Pono Choices Poster 2. Group Agreements Poster 3. The Voyage of the Wa a Kaulua 4. Student Workbooks a. Reflection Squares b. Myth or Fact Worksheet 5. Understanding STIs Presentation 6. Video: You Cannot Get HIV Ladatt! A. Introduction (2 minutes) B. Review Ohana Activity: Hāpai Pono (5 minutes) C. Hawaiian Cultural Value: Pilina A o (3 minutes) D. The Voyage of the Wa a Kaulua (10 minutes) E. Understanding STIs (15 minutes) F. You Cannot Get HIV Ladatt! (15 minutes) G. Myth or Fact Activity (5 minutes) H. Conclusion (5 minutes) 1

2 Activity A Introduction 2 Minutes Teacher Directions To Be Done Teacher Script Review the previous lesson. All students should have their Student Workbook. Welcome back to the Pono Choices program. The last time we met, we learned how to prevent an unintended pregnancy. We also discussed the Hawaiian Cultural Value Hāpai Pono. Turn to your neighbor to review the definition for Hāpai Pono. Who remembers what Hāpai Pono means? (a pregnancy that is right with the person physically, emotionally, spiritually and financially) Hāpai Pono means: a pregnancy that is right with the person; physically, emotionally, spiritually and financially. Give an overview of what the students will be learning in this lesson of the Pono Choices program. After this lesson you will be able to: identify the types of STIs and how STIs are transmitted, identify the bodily fluids that transmit HIV and some other STIs, and understand that there are many myths about STIs and HIV. END END END 2

3 Activity B Review Ohana Activity: Hāpai Pono 5 Minutes Teacher Directions To Be Done Teacher Script Review the Ohana Activity from Module 6. Take out your Ohana Activity Worksheet. You asked your ohana to share what some of the costs were related to having and raising a child, and what they thought some of the major responsibilities were. Debrief Ohana Activity Topics to Discuss Let s hear some of your responses. Who would like to share? (they said it costs a lot of money to have a baby, they said the total cost for raising a child until age 18 was more than some people make in a year, they said that some of the responsibilities involved providing health care, food, clothing, day care, education, sports and activities, and a lot of time) Great job! As we can see, there are many different ways ohana have experienced the costs and the responsibilities of having and raising a child. Because pregnancy involves physical, emotional, spiritual and financial demands, we can see that it is a big responsibility. END END END 3

4 Activity C Hawaiian Cultural Value: Pilina A o 3 Minutes Teacher Directions To be Done Teacher Script Introduce today s Hawaiian Cultural Value: Pilina A o. Have Voyage of the Wa a Kaulua Pilina A o slide displayed on DDS. Today s Hawaiian Cultural Value is Pilina A o. (pee-lee-nah ah-oh) Repeat after me, Pilina A o. Pilina A o. Students will write HCV and definition on a Reflection Square in their Student Workbook. Read definition from Voyage of the Wa a Kaulua Pilina A o slide on DDS: Students write the word and definition for today on a Reflection Square. Pilina A o means linking your knowledge to understanding. The root word of pilina is pili, and pili means to adhere to, join, or connect with something or someone. In the back of your workbook, write today s Hawaiian Cultural Value and definition on a Reflection Square. I want you to connect the knowledge of what STIs are to the understanding of how STIs are transmitted. END END END 4

5 Activity D The Voyage of the Wa a Kaulua 10 Minutes Teacher Directions To Be Done Teacher Script Introduce The Voyage of the Wa a Kaulua. Have Voyage of the Wa a Kaulua Pilina A o slide displayed on DDS. Review story from previous lesson. We are now going to listen to The Voyage of the Wa a Kaulua. Last time, we heard that Ka iwi and Pailolo were observing the differences between a pregnancy that was hāpai pono and one that was not. They noticed that Holopuni and Me e worked hard and accomplished many of their goals and dreams. Together, they planned their pregnancy. Have students turn to the divider page for Module 7. Students can take notes or make drawings that help them remember today s story. Read the slide before starting the story: Direct students attention to the story and have them listen for certain details. Start audio End audio Their friend Kalohi s pregnancy was not planned. She was young, confused, and immature. She was unsure about her relationship with her partner, George, and acknowledged that her pregnancy was not pono. Pilina A o: linking your knowledge to understanding. When a wa a is on a voyage it may encounter rough seas. In order to successfully navigate and reach your goals and dreams, you must connect your knowledge with your skills to meet the challenges you may encounter. Turn to page 21 in your workbook for the Review Questions and a place to take notes or make drawings. 5

6 Why were STIs spreading rapidly in the story? (no one knew how STIs were spread or how to prevent them) What were some of the ways that Ka iwi and Pailolo s community learned about how STIs were transmitted? (unprotected sex, tattooing) As we just heard in The Voyage of the Wa a Kaulua, part of Pilina A o is to gain knowledge about how STIs are spread and understand how to prevent them. This lesson is about knowing how STIs are transmitted so you know how to protect yourself. END END END 6

7 Activity E Understanding STIs Presentation 15 Minutes Teacher Directions To Be Done Teacher Script Go through a brief presentation to provide students with information about what STIs are and how they are spread. Have the Understanding STIs Presentation ready. Begin the Understanding STIs Presentation We are going to be learning about STIs, including HIV. You will learn the 2 main types of STIs, the 3 main ways many STIs are transmitted, and the 4 main bodily fluids that can transmit HIV and some other STIs. Advance Slide Teacher Script An STI is an infection or disease that passes from one infected person to another person. STIs, or sexually transmitted infections, and STDs, sexually transmitted diseases, refer to the same thing and are often used interchangeably. The current trend is to use the term STI. It s the more accurate term since not all infections become diseases. STIs can be transmitted during: unprotected vaginal, anal or oral sex, intimate sexual contact, including skin-to-skin contact, or non-sexual contact with infected bodily fluids, like blood. When we talk about STI transmission it s important for everyone to remember our definition of sex, which is: Vaginal Sex is when the penis enters the vagina. Anal Sex is when the penis enters the anus. Oral Sex is when one person s mouth is on another person s genital area. 7

8 And remember that the genital area includes the penis, scrotum, vulva, vagina, labia, clitoris and anus. For STI transmission, sex can also include intimate sexual contact, such as skin-to-skin or genital-to-genital contact. Teacher note: Skin- to-skin transmission often refers to contact with a sore, wart or other infected skin. When we talk about unprotected sex we mean not using a barrier, such as a condom, dental dam, or other type of barrier, when having vaginal, anal, or oral sex. Teacher note: Condom failure is more often the result of inconsistent and incorrect use than the result of breakage. Condom breakage rate is very low in the United States and each latex condom is electronically tested for holes before packaging. Here are some different types of barriers. We have already talked about male and female condoms when we discussed birth control methods, as they can help prevent pregnancy as well as STIs. Using condoms plus a hormonal method can reduce your risk of an unintended pregnancy even further. A male condom is a thin sheath that covers the penis to prevent semen from entering the vagina, anus, or mouth. Condoms that protect against STIs and pregnancy are made from latex, polyisoprene, or polyurethane. A female condom is a thin, loose-fitting pouch. The closed end has a flexible ring, which is inserted into the vagina. The open end remains outside, partially covering the labia. A dental dam is a flat piece of latex or polyurethane and is used to prevent bodily fluids from entering the mouth during oral sex. A latex glove can be used to protect a person s hand during contact with another person s genital area. 8

9 Which leads us to how STIs are spread. Generally, an STI can pass from an infected person to an uninfected person in 3 main ways: The first way is through unprotected vaginal, anal, or oral sex. The second way is through sharing needles. A person is at risk if they share needles with an infected person to: shoot up drugs, get a tattoo or body piercings, or inject steroids or hormones. Sharing needles could allow infected blood to pass from one person to another. The third way is from mother to baby. This can happen during pregnancy, during delivery, or from breastfeeding. Some STIs can be spread from one person to another by skin-to-skin contact, usually through contact with sores, warts or infected skin. Now let s talk about bodily fluids. We just learned the 3 main ways that STIs can be transmitted. Think about the bodily fluids that could be involved during transmission. Who can tell me what 4 bodily fluids can transmit HIV and some other STIs? Answer: (After students respond, advance slide to show the list of 4 bodily fluids) The 4 main bodily fluids that can transmit HIV and some other STIs are: blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk There are 2 main types of STIs - Bacterial and Viral. Bacterial STIs include: Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and Syphilis. Viral STIs include: HIV, HPV, Hepatitis, and Herpes. 9

10 STIs that are caused by bacteria include Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and Syphilis. Bacterial STIs are curable. A person can take medicine and be rid of a bacterial STI. But just because a bacterial STI can be cured does not mean it cannot cause harm. A bacterial STI may cause irreversible damage if left untreated or undiagnosed. For example, if left untreated, Chlamydia and Gonorrhea can result in infertility. What does infertility mean? Answer: It means a person cannot get pregnant or get someone else pregnant. That might not mean much to you now, but it may have a big impact on you later on in your life. If a person cured their bacterial STI, and has unprotected sex, can they get it again? Answer: YES! STIs caused by a virus include HIV, HPV, Hepatitis, and Herpes. Viral STIs cannot be cured. Once a person gets a viral STI they may have it for the rest of their life. Viral STIs are treatable. The sooner it is diagnosed and treatment begins, the more effective the treatment will be. But, they can cause severe damage if left undiagnosed or untreated. Some can even cause death. HPV and Herpes are STIs that can be transmitted via skin-to-skin contact. Teacher note: A person can take medications to treat the symptoms of a viral infection, but the medication does not make the virus go away. 10

11 Here are some common signs and symptoms of having an STI. The #1, most common symptom, has been left blank, and we will talk about it in a moment. Other signs include: Burning when urinating, urinating more frequently, and/or blood in the urine, Sores or blisters on or near the genital area, Itching of the genital area, and Unusual discharge from the penis, vagina or anus. What is the #1, most common symptom, when a person has an STI? (Advance to next slide when the students guess No Symptoms ) Answer: NO SYMPTOMS. Many people who have an STI will not have ANY symptoms! If a person does not have any symptoms, what is the only way to find out if they have an STI? Answer: Get tested. We will talk more about testing when we talk about preventing STIs. You cannot tell if someone has an STI by looking at them, and they may not even know they have one themselves! Let s review what we learned: What are the 2 main types of STIs that we identified? Answer: Bacterial and viral What are the 3 main ways a person can get an STI? Answer: Unprotected vaginal, anal, oral sex; Sharing needles; and Mother to baby 11

12 What are the 4 main bodily fluids that can transmit HIV and some other STIs? Answer: Blood, Semen, Vaginal Fluids, and Breast Milk. Who can get an STI? Answer: Anyone! It s not who you are or what you look like; it s what you do that makes the difference! END END Activity F You Cannot Get HIV Ladatt! 15 Minutes Teacher Directions To Be Done Teacher Script Show a video about how HIV is transmitted. Teacher note: For current statistical information about HIV in Hawai i, please visit the following website: Have video ready: You Cannot Get HIV Ladatt! Next we are going to watch a video that will talk more about HIV. Is HIV a viral or bacterial STI? (viral or from a virus) This video is called, You Cannot Get HIV Ladatt! It is a locally made video on how a person can and cannot get HIV. While watching the video, I want you to listen to the ways that HIV is spread, and some of the myths people believe about HIV. Start video End video 12

13 Teacher note: The video uses the term safe sex but it is now considered more accurate to use the term safer sex since using condoms can reduce, but not eliminate, a person s risk for HIV transmission. For disease prevention, male condoms should be made of latex, polyurethane or polyisoprene and female condoms should be made of nitrile or polyurethane. If choosing to undergo piercing or tattooing, look for a reputable shop. Ask questions beforehand about how the equipment is cleaned. Make sure the employees use sterile needles. If the staff won t answer questions, look for another shop. Ask From the video, how can a person get HIV? (unprotected vaginal sex, anal sex, or oral sex; sharing needles, getting a tattoo with unsterilized equipment) What was the message about condoms in the video? (a person can get condoms easily at grocery stores, drug stores, or places like Planned Parenthood of Hawai i and the Life Foundation.) Great! They used the term safe sex but it is more correct to say safer sex. Condoms can reduce, but not eliminate, a person s risk for HIV transmission, and as we saw from Mokie s Condom Wagon, there are all different types of condoms so that everyone can find one that works for them. How can a person tell if someone has HIV? (a person cannot look at another person and tell if they have HIV, they must ask if the person has been tested for HIV) How can a person get HIV from tattooing? (from blood transmission on unsterilized needles or blood transmission from contaminated ink, it is important to use a brand new needle and new ink every time a person gets a tattoo) Great job! You are demonstrating good Pilina A o by taking your knowledge of STIs and showing your understanding of how you can get an STI like HIV. END END END 13

14 Activity G Myth or Fact Activity 5 Minutes Teacher Directions To Be Done Teacher Script Teacher note: The purpose of this activity is to highlight some common myths and reinforce the importance of having correct information. The video we just watched talked about many myths regarding HIV. Next, we are going to look at some more myths and facts. Turn to page 22 in your workbook, to the worksheet titled Myth or Fact? What is a myth? (something that is not true) What is a fact? (something that can be proven to be true) Going around the room, have students read the statement and say whether they thought it was a myth or a fact. Give students a few minutes to read each Myth or Fact statement and circle their choice. Great! For the next few minutes you are to read each statement and determine if it is a myth or a fact, based on what we have learned about STIs and HIV. Circle which answer you think is correct. Then, we will review as a class to answer any questions that you have. Now we will look at each statement. Check your answers and make corrections as we go along. 1. Syphilis, Chlamydia, and Gonorrhea are examples of bacterial STIs. (FACT) 2. ALL STIs are curable. (MYTH) 14

15 3. If a person cures their STI it is possible to get re-infected or get it again. (FACT) 4. Abstinence can be practiced by anyone at any time. (FACT) 5. A person may be at risk for an STI from getting a tattoo. (FACT) 6. The only way to know if you are infected with an STI is to get yourself tested. (FACT) 7. STIs can only be spread through sexual contact. (MYTH) 8. A person can die from an STI. (FACT) 9. HIV can be transmitted through vaginal fluids, semen, breast milk, and blood. (FACT) 10. You can tell by looking at someone if they have an STI. (MYTH) Conclude activity by reinforcing the importance of having accurate information. So, by knowing what is fact and what is myth, you are able to protect yourself better, because you are not relying on false information. END END END 15

16 Activity H Conclusion 5 Minutes Teacher Directions To Be Done Teacher Script Conclude this lesson and recap what the students have learned. We ve learned a lot of information about STIs. In this lesson you learned: 2 main types of STIs, 3 main ways many STIs are transmitted, the 4 main bodily fluids that transmit HIV and some other STIs, and you identified some myths and facts about HIV and STIs. It s important to know accurate information about STIs so you can know how to protect yourself. In our next lesson we will learn how to prevent transmission of STIs. END END END 16