Medical School Histology Basics. VIBS 289 lab. Blood

Transcription

1 Medical School Histology Basics VIBS 289 lab Blood Larry Johnson Texas A&M University

2 Blood (definition and function) Blood - fluid tissue composed of erythrocytes (RBC), leukocytes (WBC), and platelets suspended in blood plasma. Function of blood is the transportation of cells and fluid. RBC carry O 2 to and CO 2 from tissues.

3 Function of blood is transportation of cells and fluid. WBC Immune defense for body. Plasma Nutrients to tissues. Waste from tissues. Proteins to hold water in plasma. Hormones and other informational mediators. Platelets Prevent loss of transportation.

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6 Peripheral blood HISTO 021 Erythrocytes Reticulocytes

7 Reticulocyte Note ribosomes in the reticulocyte

8 Polychromatophilic normoblasts

9 Bone marrow Reticulocyte entering blood vessel Blood vessel

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11 White Blood Cells Neutrophil Eosinophil Neutrophil Eosinophil Basophil Lymphocyte Monocyte Basophil Lymphocyte Monocyte Neutrophil Eosinophil Basophil Lymphocyte Monocyte

12 White blood cells in blood Eosinophil Neutrophil Basophil Lymphocyte Monocyte

13 Neutrophils platelets Neutrophils Large lymphocyte Monocyte Lymphocyte Neutrophils Red blood cells Slide 113

14 SIZE OF HUMAN BLOOD CELLS CELL/PLATELET SIZE ERYTHROCYTES µm LEUKOCYTES (WBC) % of WBC NEUTROPHIL µm 60-70% LYMPHOCYTE 6-18 µm 25% MONOCYTE µm 5% EOSINOPHIL µm 2-4% BASOPHIL µm 0-1% PLATELETS 2-4 µm

15 Peripheral blood smear (Leishman-Giemsa) Monocyte Neutrophils Monocyte Neutrophils Lymphocyte Neutrophils Monocyte

16 Peripheral blood smear (Leishman-Giemsa) basophil, eosinophil, and neutrophils Lymphocyte Neutrophils Basophil Neutrophils Neutrophils

17 110 Peripheral blood smear (Leishman-Giemsa) eosinophil and neutrophil platelets Neutrophil Eosinophil Red blood cells Eosinophil Neutrophil

18 113 Slide 113 Peripheral blood smear (May-Grunwald-Giemsa) Monocyte Neutrophil Lymphocytes Monocyte Lymphocyte

19 113 Peripheral blood smear (May-Grunwald-Giemsa) Monocyte Lymphocyte Monocyte Monocyte

20 Slide 113 Peripheral blood smear (May-Grunwald-Giemsa) Lymphocyte

21 HISTO 021 HISTO x

22 HISTO 021

23 EM 8a EM 8c EM 8c illustrates an example of a basophil Note the neutrophils and eosinophils in EM 8a

24 140 Cardiac stomach w/chronic infection Infection site Plasma cells

25 Cardiac stomach w/chronic infection Eosinophil Neutrophil

26 EM 12b to observe organelle content differences in an immature and mature neutrophils mature has more mature dumbbellshaped granules EM 8f

27 EM 8f Lymphocytes

28 EM 6 Note the relative paucity of cytoplasmic organelles and the high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio (EM 6) Lymphocytes

29 Large Golgi and many plasma membrane projects on monocytes. HISTO 021 Monocytes

30 Large Golgi and many plasma membrane projects on monocytes. Macrophages 432 (Slide 432) lung EM 8f Monocyte HISTO Blood monocytes differentiate into macrophages like those seen in the lungs

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33 Hematopoiesis Simplified: Part 1 Erythropoiesis Larry Johnson Texas A&M University

34 Erythropoiesis Erythrocytes Reticulocytes No nucleus and red cytoplasm No nucleus and blue - grey cytoplasm Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Polychromatophilic erythroblasts Dark, small, spherical nucleus blue grey cytoplasm Darkening, fractured,spherical nucleus and mixed pools of grey and blue cytoplasm Basophilic erythroblasts Proerythroblasts Fractured, spherical nucleus and thin rim of dark blue cytoplasm Uniformly light, spherical nucleus with thin rim of medium to dark blue cytoplasm

35 McGraw-Hill Companies

36 Erythropoiesis Erythrocytes Proerythroblasts Reticulocytes Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Basophilic erythroblasts Polychromatophilic erythroblasts Erythropoiesis

37 Bone marrow Reticulocyte entering blood vessel Blood vessel

38 Bone marrow

39 EM 12a Bone marrow

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41 Bone marrow

42 EM 8a marrow blood

43 EM 12b

44 EM 8b

45 EM 8f

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48 EM 8b

49 Lung with bronchi macrophage

50 Lung with bronchi

51 432 Lung with bronchi

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53 32583 EM 12c

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56 Many illustrations in these VIBS Histology YouTube videos were modified from the following books and sources: Many thanks to original sources! Bruce Alberts, et al Molecular Biology of the Cell. Garland Publishing, Inc., New York, NY. Bruce Alberts, et al Molecular Biology of the Cell. Garland Publishing, Inc., New York, NY. William J. Banks, Applied Veterinary Histology. Williams and Wilkins, Los Angeles, CA. Hans Elias, et al Histology and Human Microanatomy. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY. Don W. Fawcett Bloom and Fawcett. A textbook of histology. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, PA. Don W. Fawcett Bloom and Fawcett. A textbook of histology. Chapman and Hall, New York, NY. Arthur W. Ham and David H. Cormack Histology. J. S. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, PA. Luis C. Junqueira, et al Basic Histology. Lange Medical Publications, Los Altos, CA. L. Carlos Junqueira, et al Basic Histology. Appleton and Lange, Norwalk, CT. L.L. Langley, et al Dynamic Anatomy and Physiology. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, NY. W.W. Tuttle and Byron A. Schottelius Textbook of Physiology. The C. V. Mosby Company, St. Louis, MO. Leon Weiss Histology Cell and Tissue Biology. Elsevier Biomedical, New York, NY. Leon Weiss and Roy O. Greep Histology. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, NY. Nature ( Vol. 414:88,2001. Arthur C. Guyton,1971.Textbook of Medical Physiology W.B. Saunders company, Philadelphia, PA WW Tuttle and BA Schottelius 1969 Textbook of Physiology C.V. Mosby Co. A.L. Mescher 2013 Junqueira s Basis Histology text and atlas, 13 th ed. McGraw

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60 Hematopoiesis Simplified: Part 1 Erythropoiesis Larry Johnson Texas A&M Univers

61 Hematopoiesis Simplified: Part 1 Erythropo Objectives are to: Identify the developmental cells of erythropoiesis Characterize developmental changes in the cytoplasm and nucleus of these cells Bone marrow Blood vessel

62 19761 Bone marrow Blood in vessel

63 HISTO x

64 HISTO x

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73 Erythropoiesis Erythrocytes Reticulocytes No nucleus and red cytoplasm No nucleus and blue - grey cytoplasm Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Polychromatophilic erythroblasts Dark, small, spherical nucleus blue grey cytoplasm Darkening, fractured,spherical nucleus and mixed pools of grey and blue cytoplasm Basophilic erythroblasts Proerythroblasts Fractured, spherical nucleus and thin rim of dark blue cytoplasm Uniformly light, spherical nucleus with thin rim of medium to dark blue cytoplasm

74 McGraw-Hill Companies

75 Erythropoiesis Erythrocytes Proerythroblasts Reticulocytes Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Basophilic erythroblasts Polychromatophilic erythroblasts Erythropoiesis

76 Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Erythrocytes

77 Erythrocyte Proerythroblast Reticulocytes Orthochromatophilic erythroblast Basophilic erythroblast Polychromatophilic erythroblast Erythropoiesis

78 Polychromatophilic erythroblasts

79 Erythrocyte Proerythroblast Reticulocytes Orthochromatophilic erythroblast Basophilic erythroblast Polychromatophilic erythroblast Erythropoiesis

80 Basophilic erythroblast

81 Erythrocyte Proerythroblast Reticulocytes Orthochromatophilic erythroblast Basophilic erythroblast Polychromatophilic erythroblast Erythropoiesis

82 Proerythroblasts

83 Erythropoiesis Erythrocytes Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Reticulocytes

84 Early orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Late polychromatophilic erythroblasts

85 Polychromatophilic erythroblasts Early polychromatophilic erythroblasts

86 Basophilic erythroblasts Proerythroblasts

87 RBCs Basophilic erythroblast Orthochromatophili c erythroblasts Late polychromatophilic erythroblast ut 112 platelets Reticulocyte Polychromatophilic erythroblast Eosinophil or basophil Erythrocytes Proerythroblast

88 Bone marrow Reticulocyte entering blood vessel Blood vessel

89 The End of Hematopoiesis Simplified: Part 1 Erythropoiesis

90 Granulopoiesis is next

91 Hematopoiesis Simplified: Part 2 Granulopoiesis Larry Johnson Texas A&M Univers

92 Hematopoiesis Simplified: Objectives are to: Part 2 Granulopoiesis Identify the developmental cells of granulopoiesis Characterize developmental changes in the cytoplasm and nucleus of these cells Bone marrow

93 19761 Bone marrow Blood Blood

94 32583 ` Bone marrow Developing granulocytes

95 21 Peripheral blood

96 Granulopoiesis Neutrophils Lobulated, dark nucleus, mature grey cytoplasm with small granules Neutrophilic band or stab cells Horse-shoe shaped, darkening nucleus, grey mature cytoplasm Neutrophilic metamyelocytes Neutrophilic myelocytes Promyelocytes Oval to kidney bean-shaped, indented nucleus, grey mature cytoplasm with a weak blue tent Large, oval, non-indented nucleus, large amount of cytoplasm with specific and non-specific granules Large, oval, non-indented nucleus, large amount of sky blue cytoplasm with non-specific granules

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98 Granulopoiesis Neutrophils Promyelocytes Neutrophilic band cells Neutrophilic myelocytes Neutrophilic metamyelocytes

99 ut 112 Neutrophil Neutrophilic metamyelocytes Neutrophilic metamyelocyte Platelets Eosinophil or basophil Neutrophilic myelocytes

100 Neutrophils Promyelocytes Neutrophilic band cells Neutrophilic myelocytes Neutrophilic metamyelocytes Granulopoiesis

101 Neutrophilic metamyelocytes 112 Lymphocytes Unknown nuclei Neutrophilic myelocytes Promyelocyte Neutrophilic myelocytes Lymphocytes Neutrophilic band cells Neutrophilic band cells Neutrophilic metamyelocytes Neutrophilic band cell

102 Neutrophils Neutrophilic band cells Granulopoiesis

103 Neutrophilic metamyelocytes Early neutrophilic metamyelocytes

104 Neutrophilic myelocytes

105 Late promyelocytes Promyelocyte

106 Neutrophilic metamyelocytes Unknown nuclei Neutrophilic myelocytes Neutrophilic band cells Neutrophilic metamyelocytes Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Proerythroblast Eosinophils or basophils Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts

107 32583 Bone marrow White blood cell entering a blood vessel Blood vessel Blood vessel

108 he End of Hematopoiesis Simplified: Part 2 Granulopo