The Immune System. A macrophage. ! Functions of the Immune System. ! Types of Immune Responses. ! Organization of the Immune System

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1 The Immune System! Functions of the Immune System! Types of Immune Responses! Organization of the Immune System! Innate Defense Mechanisms! Acquired Defense Mechanisms! Applied Immunology A macrophage 1 Antibodies

2 Antigens

3 Antibodies

4 Functions of Antibodies Passive Transfer of Antibody

5 Clonal Selection Antibody Production

6 Immunity: -APC s -Ag Processing -Il-1 Production -Ag Presentation -Th Activation -Il-2 Production -Th Development -Th1 and CMI -Th2 and Antibody -Tc Developement -Tc Killing Hematopoiesis For all except lymphocytes Hematopoietic Natural killer cell Lymphoid stem cell Colony stimulating Erythroblast Megakaryoblast Myeloblast Monoblast Lymphoblasts Megakaryocyte Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) Platelets (thrombocytes) Eosinophil Basophil Neutrophil Granulocytes Monocytes T- lymphocyte thymus Lymphocytes B- lymphocyte bone marrow Macrophage White Blood Cells (leukocytes) Dendritic cell Plasma Cell

7 Hematopoiesis For all except lymphocytes Colony stimulating Hematopoietic Erythroblast Megakaryoblast Myeloblast Monoblast Natural killer cell Lymphoid stem cell Lymphoblast s Megakaryocyte Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) Platelets (thrombocytes) Eosinophil Basophil Neutrophil Granulocytes Monocytes T- lymphocyte thymus Lymphocytes B- lymphocyte bone marrow Macrophage White Blood Cells (leukocytes) Dendritic cell Plasma Cell Hematopoiesis For all except lymphocytes Colony stimulating Hematopoietic Erythroblast Megakaryoblast Myeloblast Monoblast Natural killer cell Lymphoid stem cell Lymphoblast s Megakaryocyte Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) Platelets (thrombocytes) Eosinophil Basophil Neutrophil Granulocytes Monocytes T- lymphocyte thymus Lymphocytes B- lymphocyte bone marrow Macrophage White Blood Cells (leukocytes) Dendritic cell Plasma Cell

8 Hematopoiesis For all except lymphocytes Colony stimulating Hematopoietic Erythroblast Megakaryoblast Myeloblast Monoblast Natural killer cell Lymphoid stem cell Lymphoblast s Megakaryocyte Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) Platelets (thrombocytes) Eosinophil Basophil Neutrophil Granulocytes Monocytes T- lymphocyte thymus Lymphocytes B- lymphocyte bone marrow Macrophage White Blood Cells (leukocytes) Dendritic cell Plasma Cell Hematopoiesis For all except lymphocytes Colony stimulating Hematopoietic Erythroblast Megakaryoblast Myeloblast Monoblast Natural killer cell Lymphoid stem cell Lymphoblast s Megakaryocyte Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) Platelets (thrombocytes) Eosinophil Basophil Neutrophil Granulocytes Monocytes T- lymphocyte thymus Lymphocytes B- lymphocyte bone marrow Macrophage White Blood Cells (leukocytes) Dendritic cell Plasma Cell

9 Hematopoiesis For all except lymphocytes Colony stimulating Hematopoietic Erythroblast Megakaryoblast Myeloblast Monoblast Natural killer cell Lymphoid stem cell Lymphoblast s Megakaryocyte Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) Platelets (thrombocytes) Eosinophil Basophil Neutrophil Granulocytes Monocytes T- lymphocyte thymus Lymphocytes B- lymphocyte bone marrow Macrophage White Blood Cells (leukocytes) Dendritic cell Plasma Cell Hematopoiesis For all except lymphocytes Colony stimulating Hematopoietic Erythroblast Megakaryoblast Myeloblast Monoblast Natural killer cell Lymphoid stem cell Lymphoblast s Megakaryocyte Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) Platelets (thrombocytes) Eosinophil Basophil Neutrophil Granulocytes Monocytes T- lymphocyte thymus Lymphocytes B- lymphocyte bone marrow Macrophage White Blood Cells (leukocytes) Dendritic cell Plasma Cell

10 Hematopoiesis For all except lymphocytes Colony stimulating Hematopoietic Erythroblast Megakaryoblast Myeloblast Monoblast Natural killer cell Lymphoid stem cell Lymphoblast s Megakaryocyte Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) Platelets (thrombocytes) Eosinophil Basophil Neutrophil Granulocytes Monocytes T- lymphocyte thymus Lymphocytes B- lymphocyte bone marrow Macrophage White Blood Cells (leukocytes) Dendritic cell Plasma Cell Hematopoiesis is regulated by cytokines GM-CSF IL3 For all except lymphocytes Hematopoietic GM-CSF IL6, IL3 Natural killer cell Lymphoid stem cell Colony stimulating GM-CSF, IL3, EPO Erythroblast Megakaryoblast Myeloblast Monoblast EPO GM-CSF, IL3 IL11, EPO Megakaryocyte GM-CSF EPO, IL6 GM-CSF IL5 GM-CSF, IL3 GM-CSF IL4 GM-CSF G-CSF GM-CSF M-CSF Lymphoblasts IL7 IL2 IL4 IL5 IL2 IL4 IL6 Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) Platelets (thrombocytes) Eosinophil Basophil Neutrophil Granulocytes Monocytes IL8 T- lymphocyte thymus Lymphocytes B- lymphocyte bone marrow Macrophage White Blood Cells (leukocytes) Dendritic cell Plasma Cell

11 Tissues

12 ! Functions of the Immune System! Types of Immune Responses The Immune System! Organization of the Immune System! Innate Defense Mechanisms Phagocytosis Inflammation Interferon Complement! Acquired Defense Mechanisms! Applied Immunology 23 Distribution of Phagocytic Cells

13 Phagocytosis Inflammation

14 Interferon

15 C! Functions of the Immune System! Types of Immune Responses! Organization of the Immune System! Innate Defense Mechanisms! Acquired Defense Mechanisms! Applied Immunology The Immune System -Methods of acquiring immunity -Vaccination -Immunological-based testing: ELISA assays -Clinical immunology 30

16 Figure 17.1

17

18

19 Pregnancy Testing ELISA Testing

20 The Immune System! Clinical Immunology: Hypersensitivity Transplantation Immunology Autoimmunity Immunotherapy Immunosuppression Immunodeficiency Cancer of the Immune System 39

21 Type I Hypersensitivity: Immediate Allergy Testing

22 Immunotherapy

23 Type II Hypersensitivity: Cytotoxic

24 Type III Hypersensitivity: Immune Complex

25 Type IV Hypersensitivity: Delayed

26

27 Avoiding the Immune Response

immunity defenses invertebrates vertebrates chapter 48 Animal defenses --

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