General Introduction on Treatment Principles

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Christina Blankenship
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1 General Introduction on Treatment Principles

2 Main contents treatment principles treatment function Prescriptions Applications of specific points

3 Principles to reinforce deficiency and to reduce the excess to clear away the heat and to warm the cold to seek the root when treating diseases three aspects concerned treatment, different individuals, time and geography

4 reinforce deficiency and to reduce the excess Predominance of evil makes excess, while Qi exhaustion makes deficiency

5 reinforce deficiency and to reduce the excess reducing the excess, reinforcing the deficiency, fast method for heat syndrome, retaining method for cold syndrome, moxibustion for prolapsed syndrome

6 reinforce deficiency and to reduce the excess reinforcing methods reinforcing the deficiency 虚则实之 moxibustion for prolapsed syndrome retaining method for cold promoting qi for meridian problem

7 reinforce deficiency and to reduce the excess Reducing reducing the excess 邪盛则虚之 eliminating the fullness fast method for heat blood letting method for stagnation

8 reinforce deficiency and to reduce the excess vital qi deficiency reinforce reinforcing 单式补法或复式补法, 穴性属补 ( 关元足三里 ) to apply single or complex reinforcing method with Guan Yuan R.4 or Zu San Li St.36

9 reinforce deficiency and to reduce the excess Qi prolapsed prolapsed syndrome include atrophy of muscles, prolapsed organs, exhaustion of qi Bai Hui Du. 20 Shen Que Ren.8 Guan Yuan Ren.4 Zu San Li St.36

10 reinforce deficiency and to reduce the excess reducing method to apply single or complex reducing method with 12 Jing-well or Shi Xuan

11 reinforce deficiency and to reduce the excess Blood letting to eliminate blood stagnation acute lumbago Wei Zhong U.B 40 Middle finger pricking for ganglion or infantile malnutrition

12 clear away the heat and to warm the cold heat syndrome fast puncturing Fast puncturing Without retaining needle puncturing Da Zhui Du 14 and Qu Chi L.I 11 for high fever Prick bleeding at Shao Shang Lu.11 and Shang Yang L.I 1 for sore throat

13 clear away the heat and to warm the cold cold syndrome retaining needle 深刺而久留针 ( 如人之不欲行 ) Waiting for Qi from retaining needle or moxibustion applied to treat Bi syndrome caused by wind, cold and damp

14 八纲辨证与补泻原则 Eight principles with reinforcing and reducing Yang Syndrome Shallow puncture for superior Shallow puncture with fast withdrawing needle for heat More needles with reducing method

15 Eight principles with reinforcing and reducing Yin syndrome deep puncture for internal synd. more moxibustion and retaining needle more moxibustion and reinforcing method

16 八纲辨证与补泻原则 Eight principles with reinforcing and reducing even hand method applied for imbalanced meridians reducing method with prick bleeding for blood stagnation reinforcing and moxibustion for prolapsed syndrome

17 Seeking the root when treating different diseases treat root Headache Feng Chi G.B 20 for wind Ge Shu U.B 17 for blood deficiency Feng Long ST40 for phlegm retention Tai Chong Liv.3 for liver Yang ascending

18 Seeking the root when treating different diseases treat branch when disease is in acute cerebral problem Ren Zhong DU 26 for coma Shi Xuan M-UE 1 for high fever Yang Ling Quan GB 34 for spasm of muscles

19 Seeking the root when treating different diseases treat the root when disease is in chronic based on the root Bronchial asthma Fei Shu UB 13 reinforcing Lung Pi Shu UB 20 strengthening Spleen Shen Shu UB 23 reinforcing Kidney

20 Seeking the root when treating different diseases Treat both root and branch at same time Hypertention Branch Bai Hui DU 20 for headache Root Tai Chong LIV 3 for liver wind Tai Xi KID 3 nourishing Yin and balancing Yang

21 three aspects concerned treatment selecting method according to different location and living habit fire or warming needle applied in the north micro-needle ( filiform or cutaneous needle) applied in the south

22 three aspects concerned treatment selecting methods according to different seasons and time shallow puncture at spring or summer deep puncture at autumn or winter selecting point according to different time ( Zi Wu circulation)

23 three aspects concerned treatment selecting method according to sex, ages, and different constitutions long needle for fat people short needle for thin people light puncture for weak, old and child patients light puncture for pregnant and delivered women

24 promoting meridians 针灸治疗作用 The function of Acupuncture Pain is due to the stagnation of qi and blood Most of the diseases are caused by qi or blood stagnation, so acupuncture is for promotion while moxibustion for warming. Promoting meridians is one of the most important and direct method

25 Promoting meridians Puncturing Da zhi DU 14, Qu Chi LI 11, Wai Guan SJ 5 for high fever

26 Promoting meridians stagnation of meridians if due to heat, you puncture Da zhi(du 14), Qu Chi(LI 11) and Wai Guan (SJ 5) for high fever if due to cold, you puncture and moxibustion at Zhong Wan (Ren.12) for deficient cold

27 Regulating Yin and Yang The key for Acupuncture is to regulate Yin and Yang from The Yellow Emperor regulate Qi refers to differentiate Yin and Yang from The Yellow Emperor So regulating Yin and Yang is the final goal of Acupuncture

28 Regulating Yin and Yang you apply Wei zhong (UB 40), Wai Guan (SJ 5) for high fever due to excessive heat reducing the excess you apply Yin Ling Quan (SP 9), Feng Long (ST 40) for cold retention due to excessive cold

29 Regulating Yin and Yang reinforcing the deficiency you apply Tai Xi (KID 3), Zhao Hai(KID 6) to nourish yin and balance yang you apply Guan Yuan (Ren 4), Ming Men(DU 4) to warm yang and balance yin

30 Assisting in vital energy and eliminating the evils Assisting in vital energy and eliminating the evils are considered as an important principle and method in Acupuncture treatment.

31 Assisting in vital energy and eliminating the evils Taking facial paralysis as an example in the earlier period of facial paralysis, you apply reducing method of blood letting He Gu (LI 4), Tai Chong (LIV 3) in the later period of facial paralysis, you apply reinforcing method of needling or moxibustion reinforce Zu San Li (ST 36), San Yin Jiao (SP 6)

32 Assisting in vital energy and eliminating the evils characters of points Reinforcing points: Qi Hai (Ren 6), Guan Yuan (Ren 4), Ming Men (DU 4), Shen Shu (UB 23), Zu San Li (ST 36) reducing points: Wei Zhong (UB 40), Shui Gou (DU 26), Shi Xuan (M-UE-1), He Gu (LI 4)

33 Acupuncture prescriptions selection of points local point distal point based on symptoms matching points based on meridians matching points based on locations selection of puncturing method

34 Principle for selecting the points local principles local point applied for local problems su liao (DU 25),ying xiang (LI 20) for nose problem Jing Ming (UB 1), Tai Yang (M-HN-9) for eye problem chang qiang (DU 1), ci liao (UB 32) for hemorrhoid

35 Principle for selecting the points local principles distal point applied for meridian problem Yellow Emperor says: you select the points from lower part of body for upper part diseases, while select the points from upper part for lower part diseases.

36 Principle for selecting the points 4 General points Lie Que (LU 7) for head and neck problem He Gu (LI 4) for face and mouth problem Zu san li (ST 36) for abdominal problem Wei Zhong (UB 40) for lumbar and back problem

37 Selection for distal points Tai Chong (LIV 3) through Yong Quan (KID 1) for hypertention Moxa on Bai Hui (DU 20) for prolapse of uterus and anus Puncture Yin Jiao (Ren 24) for lumbago, Lumbago point for acute lumbar twist Tiao Kou (ST 38) through Cheng Shan (UB 57) for frozen shoulder

38 Syndromes points Selection of points based on different manifestations or etiology Da Zhui (DU 14), Wai Guan (SJ 5), Qu Chi (LI 11) for fever Feng Long (ST 40) for phlegm retention Ren Zhong (DU 26), Shi Xuan (M-UE-1) for coma Ge Shu (UB 17) for blood def. or bleeding

39 Symptoms points Selection of points based on some special symptoms Ding Chuan (M-BW-1) for asthma Bai Chong Wo (M-LE-34) for parasites Lumbar point for lumbago

40 Point s matching methods Matching on meridians itself meridians matching on exterior and interior matching on same name Locations matching on upper and lower place matching on front and back place matching on left and right place

41 Matching based on meridians selection of point based on own meridians Yi Feng (SJ 17), Er Men (SJ 21), Zhong Du (SJ 3) for tinnitus and deaf Zhong Fu (LU 1), CHi Ze (LU 5), Lie Que (LU 7) for cough due to Lung problem

42 Matching based on meridians matching based on exterior and interior of Fu and Zang organs Liang Men (ST21), Zu San Li(ST 36), Gong Sun(SP 4) for stomach pain Nei Guan(PE 6) through Wai Guan(SJ 5) for heart pain

43 Matching based on meridians matching method based on same name meridians of hand and foot He Gu (LI 4), Nei Ting (ST 44) for Yang Ming headache Hou Xi (SI 3), Kun Lun (UB 60) for stiff neck

44 Matching based on different regions matching point based on upper and lower of lumbar region, arms and legs He Gu (LI 4), Nei Ting(ST 44) for toothache Nei Guan (PE 6), Zu San Li (ST 36) for vomiting and stomachache Bai Hui (DU 26), Guan Yuan (Ren 4) for prolapse of uterus Da Zhui (DU 14), Kun Lun (UB 60) for stiff and headache

45 Matching based on different regions matching point based on front and back of the body Lian Quan (Ren 23), Ya Men (DU 15), Feng Fu (DU 16) for aphasia due to stroke Jing Ming (UB 1), Feng Chi (GB 20) for eye problems Tan Zhong (Ren 17), Ding Chuan M-BW-1) for asthma Zhong Wan (Ren 12), Wei Shu (UB 21) for gastric pain

46 Matching based on different regions matching point based on the left and right sides of the body balanced method of left and right double Zu San Li (ST 36) and Nei Guan (PE 6) for gastric problem left cross to right side 素问阴阳应象大论以右治左, 以左治右, 属 : 巨刺缪刺 left Zu San Li (ST 36) and right Tai Chong (LIV 3) for gastric pain

47 Matching from left and right left and right following meridians Wai Guan (SJ 5) at same side and He Gu (LI 4) at opposite side for migraine Di Cang(ST 4) and Jia Che (ST 6) at same side and He Gu(LI 4) at opposite side for facial paralysis opposite Tiao Kou (ST 38) through Cheng Shan (BL 57) for frozen shoulder opposite Lumbar point for acute lumbar twist points of healthy side for sequela of stroke

48 Application of specific points Specific points refer to the special function of 14 meridian points It includes Five Shu points, Yuan and Luo points, Back Shu and Front Mu Points, Lower He-Sea points, Xi-cleft points, Eight Influential Points, Eight confluent Points, and Crossing points

49 Five shu points Jing-well, Xing-spring, Shu-stream, Jing-river, and He-sea points are located below elbow and knee joint. 60 points in all

50 Five shu points severe and acute problem jing well red face due to liver yang ascending Xing Jian (LIV 2) repetitive onset of joint pain Tai Bai (SP 3) voice problem Jing Qu (LU 8) poor appetite, stomach problem and even bleeding Zu San Li (ST 36)

51 Five shu points Jing is for fullness below heart, Xing for fever, Shu for body and joint pain, Jing for cough and asthma due to common cold, He for Qi ascending and diarrhea Zhong chong (PE 9) for coronary heart disease Nei Ting (ST 44) for Yang Ming heat retention Tai Bai (SP 3) for joint pain Jing Qu (LU 8) for cough and asthma Zu San Li (ST 36) for belching and diarrhea

52 Five shu points Jing is for acute and severe problem with the function of reducing heat and opening the orifice Xing is for heat of Zang-fu and meridians with the function of reducing heat and alleviating pain Shu is for repetitive onset disease as arthritis with the function of promoting Qi and alleviating pain

53 Five shu points Jing is for cough and asthma due to cold or heat with the function of regulating Zang-fu organs He is for disturbances of Zang-fu organs or blood stagnation with the function of regulating Zang-fu organs and promoting meridians

54 Five shu with five elements Sequences Yang-metal, Ying-wood 五输 : 井荥输经合 Jing Xing Shu Jing He 五行 : 阳经 : 金水木火土 Yang meridians: metal water wood fire earth 阴经 : 木火土金水 Yin meridians: wood fire earth metal water

55 Relationship between five shu point and five elements 木 wood 火 fire 土 earth 金 metal 水 water Yin meridians 井荥输经合 Jinwell xingspring Shustream Jingriver Hesea Lung lu.11 lu.10 lu.9 lu.8 lu.5 Kid. K.1 k.2 k.3 k.7 k.10 liv. Liv.1 liv.2 liv.3 liv.4 liv.8

56 Relationship between five shu point and five elements 金 metal 水 water 木 wood 火 fire 土 earth Yang meridians 井荥输原经合 Jinwell Xingspring Shustream Yuansource Jingriver He-sea G.B. G.44 G.43 G.41 G.40 G.38 G34 S.I. S.I 1 S.I 2 S.I 3 S.I.4 S.I. 5 S.I 8 St. St. 45 St. 44 St. 43 St. 42 St. 41 St. 36

57 Five shu with five elements Clinical application reducing it s child when it is in excess, and reinforcing it s mother when in deficiency Method reinforcing Tai yuan(lu.9) when Lung is in deficient reducing Chi Ze(Lu.5) when Lung is in excess

58 Five shu with five elements 他经子母补泻法 :other meridians 肺病 : 虚证 : 补土经土穴脾太白 Tai Bai(sp.3) lung deficiency 胃足三里 Zu San Li (st.36) 实证 : 泻水经水穴肾阴谷 YinGu (kid.10) Lung excess 膀胱通谷 Tong Gu (U.B.66)

59 Selecting the points based on time Shallow puncturing at spring and summer seasons Deep puncturing at autumn and winter seasons

60 Matching of primordial and collateral points primordial points the place that Yuan qi of organs accumulated area 12 in all application 1. It is applied for Zang organ s problem as diagnosis 2. It is applied for Zang and Fu organ s problem as both diagnosis and treatment

61 原穴 primordial point Shen Men (HE 7) or Da Ling (PE 7) for irritability and insomnia Tai Yuan (LU 9) for cough due to Lung problem Tai Chong (LIV 3) for abnormal ascending of liver Yang Tai Xi (KID 3) for toothache due to Yin deficiency

62 Collateral points Luo-collateral points It is the connecting place of exterior-interior meridians and separating from the lower part of the elbow and knee joint 16 collateral points in all 12 regular meridians Du Chang qiang (DU 1) Ren Jiu wei (Ren 15) Spleen Da Bao (SP 21) Stomach Xu li (BL 40)

63 Collateral points characteristics of application own meridian s problem Problems of exterior-interior meridians matching each other of both primordial and collateral points Tai Yuan (LU 9) and Pian Li (LI 6) for cough and diarrhea Tai Chong (Liv 3) and Guang Ming (GB 37) for hypochondriac pain due to liver and G.B fire

64 back-shu and front-mu Back-shu points Zang-fu s qi concentrated area at the back 12 Back shu and Front mu applications 1 for diagnosis 2 Applied for Zang-fu and deficiency mostly 3 orifices and tissues Gan Shu(UB 18) for eye and tendons Shen Shu(UB 23) for bone, ears, and defecation problem

65 Front-mu points Zang-fu qi concentrated area at the front 12 Front mu in all applications 1 for diagnosis pressing pain at Zhong Fu (LU 1) for Lung TB knots sensation at Zhong Ji (Ren.3) for U.B calculus 2 Ri Yue (GB 24) for G.B stone Ju Que (Ren14) for angina pectoris 3 matching of Shu and Mu you may select yang points for yin diseases, or opposite

66 Eight confluent points Eight extra meridians cross to 8 meridian s points Gong Sun(Sp.4) and Nei Guan(Pe.6) for heart, chest, stomach Zu Lin Qi(G.B.41) and Wai Guan(S.J.5) for outer canthus Hou Xi(S.I.3) and Shen Mai(U.B.62) for inner canthus and neck Lie Que(Lu.7) and Zhao Hai(Kid.6) for Lung, throat and diaphram

67 Eight confluent points Gong Sun(Sp.4) to abdomen Chong meridian Nei Guan(Pe.6) chest Yin Wei meridian Zu Linqi(G.B.41) to hypochondriac region Dai meridian Wai Guan(S.J.5) Up to shoulder Yang Wei meridian

68 Eight confluent points Hou Xi(S.I.3) S.I up to shoulder Du meridian Shen Mai(U.B.62) starting place of Yang Qiao meridian Lie Que(Lu.7) lung divergent throat Ren meridian Zhao Hai(Kid.6) starting place of Yin Qiao meridian

69 Applications of eight confluent points 1 for extra meridian s problem a. Hou Xi(S.I.3) for stiff neck, vertebrae problem b. Gong Sun(Sp.4) for qi abnormal ascending and spasm c. Shen Mai(U.B.62) and Zhao Hai(Kid.6) for prolapse of eye lids and insomnia

70 Applications of eight confluent points 2 It is applied for the disease of two meridians related Gong Sun(Sp.4) and Nei Guan(Pe.6) for heart, chest and stomach Lie Que and Zhao Hai for Lung, throat, and diaphragm problems

71 Applications of eight confluent points 2 It is applied for the disease of two meridians related Zu Linqi(G.B.41) and Wai Guan(S.J.5) for external canthus, back ears, cheek, neck, shoulder Hou Xi(S.I.3) and Shen Mai(U.B.62) for inner canthus, neck, ears, shoulder

72 Applications of eight confluent points 3. Treatment based on 4 yin Points and 4 Yang Points Gong Sun (SP 4) and Nei Guan (PE 6) chest and abdomen Yin points Yin meridians Yin places internal Zang and Fu organs Lie Que (LU 7) and Zhao Hai (KID 6) abdomen and pelvic Respiratory system, Heart vessel system, digestive system, urinary system

73 Applications of eight confluent points 3. Treatment based on 4 yin Points and 4 Yang Points Hou Xi (SI 6) and Shen Mai (B 62) Head and sense organs, 4 limbs and back Zu Linqi (GB 41) and Wai Guan (SJ 5) Head and sense organs, joints problems Yang points Yang meridians Yang places external sense organs and 4 limbs Mouth problems, sense organs, motor system and endocrine system

74 Applications of eight confluent points 3. Treatment based on 4 yin Points and 4 Yang Points The applications of Treatment based on 4 yin Points and 4 Yang Points can be changed in clinical practices, such as left-up and left-down, right-up and right-down, left-up and rightdown, right-up and left-down, and etc.

75 八会穴 Eight influential points Specially for the concentration of Zang, Fu, Qi, Blood, Tendon, vessels, and Marrow For special organs and tissues Yang Ling Quan (G.B.34) for tendon, liver and G.b problem Ge Shu (U.B.17) for Blood problem (blood def. bleeding, and blood stagnation)

76 八会穴 Eight influential points Qi Tan Zhong (Ren.17) blood Ge Shu(U.B.17) tendon Yang Ling Quan(G.B.34) bone Da Zhi (U.B.12) marrow Jue Gu(G.B.39) vessels Tai Yuan(Lu.9) Zang Zhang Men(Liv.13) Fu Zhong Wan(Ren.12)

77 郄穴 Xi-cleft points Deep concentration of blood each of the 12 regular meridians, yin-wei, yang-wei, yin-qiao, yang-qiao, together 16 in all. applications 1 For Acute and bleeding Kong Zui(Lu.6) for cough blood Liang Qiu(St.34) for stomachache 2 matching of Xi-cleft and influent point Kong Zui(Lu.6) and Ge Shu(U.B.17) for cough blood Liang Qiu(St.34) and Zhong Wan(Ren.12) for acute gastric pain

78 下合穴 Lower he-sea points Qi of six Fu organs connects to Foot 3 Yang meridians It is applied for related Fu organ s diseases

79 下合穴 Lower he-sea points Hand Tai Yang Xia Ju Xu(St.39) Hand Shao Yang Wei Yang(U.B.39) Hand Yang Ming Shang Ju Xu(St.37) Foot Tai Yang Wei Zhong (U.B.40) Foot Shao Yang Yang Ling Quan(G.B.34) Foot Yang Ming Zu San Li(St.36)

80 交会穴 Crossing points Two meridians or above crosses each other 95 个 95 in all 应用 : 治疗交会经脉的病证 It is applied for related meridians Da Zhui(Du.14) is the accumulated point for foot 3 meridians and Du meridian, so good for heat San Ying Jiao(Sp.6) is the accumulated point for foot 3 yin meridians. for urine, reproductive, digestive problem Guan Yuan (Ren4) and Zhong Ji (Ren3) are the accumulated points for foot 3 yin and Ren meridian, so good for Qi def. Qu Gu(Ren.2) is the accumulated point Liver and Ren meridian, so good for promoting Qi

C 22. Calming LV, tranquilizing internal wind (13) LV yang. Shi Jue Ming ** Properties: Salty, mild cold LV. Actions: Suppress LV yang, clear eye heat

C 22. Calming LV, tranquilizing internal wind (13) LV yang Shi Jue Ming ** Zhen Zhu Mu * (Long Gu -)*** Mu Li *** Dai Zhe Shi ** Bai Ji Li/Ci Ji Li Wind/spasm Gou Teng ** Tian Ma *** Di Long ** Quan Xie