Write It! Station Directions

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2 Write It! Station Directions It is recommended that you have completed at least two of the following stations before working at this station. -Read It! -Explore It! -Watch It! -Research It! Answer each of the task card questions on the lab sheet in complete sentences.

3 Explain in your own words what the main functions of the human skeleton are. Describe the difference between the axial and appendicular skeleton. CKeslerScience.com How does the skeleton work with other body systems in order to function properly? CKeslerScience.com

4 Assess It! Station Directions It is recommended that you have completed at least two of the following stations before working at this station. -Read It! -Explore It! -Watch It! -Research It! Each member will answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Assess It! section.

5 Which is not a function of the skeletal system? Which organism has an exoskeleton? A. Movement and protection B. Homeostasis C. Support D. Transporting oxygen-rich blood to the body A. A shark B. A human C. A black bear D. A common beetle What is main function of the skull? Ligaments and tendons are used to. A. To keep out electromagnetic waves B. Allows for movement from one place to another C. Produces brain cells D. Protects the brain from injury A. Exchange gases within the body B. Transport nutrients to cells C. Produce red blood cells D. Attach muscles to bones

6 Read It! Station Directions Each member of the group will read the passage and answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Read It! section. It is important to remember that the answers will come directly from the reading passage.

7 Skeletal System The adult human skeletal system consists of 206 bones, as well as a network of tendons, ligaments and cartilage that connects them. The skeletal system performs vital functions support, movement, protection, blood cell production, calcium storage and endocrine regulation that enable us to survive. The skeletons of adult males and females have some variation, primarily to accommodate childbirth. The female pelvis is flatter, more rounded and proportionally larger. A male's pelvis is about 90 degrees or less of angle, whereas a female's is 100 degrees or more. While they become brittle when outside of the body, bones are very much alive inside the body, being fed by a network of blood vessels from the circulatory system and nerves from the nervous system. A typical bone has a dense and tough outer layer. Next is a layer of spongy bone, which lighter and slightly flexible. In the middle of some bones is jellylike bone marrow, where new cells are constantly being produced for blood. Teeth are considered part of the skeletal system but they are not counted as bones. Teeth are made of dentin and enamel, which is strongest substance in your body. Teeth also play a key role in the digestive system. The skeletal system has two distinctive parts: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton, with a total of 80 bones, consists of the vertebral column, the rib cage and the skull. The axial skeleton transmits the weight from the head, the trunk and the upper extremities down to the lower extremities at the hip joints, which help humans maintain our upright posture. The appendicular skeleton has a total of 126 bones, and is formed by the pectoral girdles, the upper limbs, the pelvic girdle and the lower limbs. Their functions are to make walking, running and other movement possible and to protect the major organs responsible for digestion, excretion and reproduction.

8 Which list represents the components of the human skeleton? A. Bones, tendons, ligaments, muscles B. Tendons, teeth ligaments, cartilage C. Bones, tendons, teeth, ligaments D. Bones, tendons, ligaments, cartilage What is the main difference between the male and female skeleton? A. The male has more bones B. The female has a larger, flatter pelvis bone C. Male bones are always larger D. Female bones have more marrow A typical bone is made up of which of these 3 parts? A. Dense outer layer, spongy bone, marrow B. Soft outer layer, spongy bone, marrow C. Marrow, dense inner layer, dense outer layer D. Dense outer layer, spongy bone, muscle tissue There are two main parts to of the human skeleton. They are the and skeletons. A. Axial, appendix B. Appendicular, axial C. Axial, skeletal D. Appendicular, excretory

9 Watch It! Station Directions Each member of the group will go to the website listed on task card #1 Complete the task cards in order. Every student will answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Watch It! section of the lab sheet.

10 YouTube: G Drive: URL is case-sensitive 1. Click Play on the video. 2. Answer questions from cards #2-4 on your lab sheet. YouTube What are the two types of completed skeletons called? What are some pros and cons of each? What are the 5 main functions of the skeletal system? What two systems work in conjunction to allow for movement? How do they work together?

11 Research It! Station Directions Each member of the group will go to the website listed on task card #1 Complete the task cards in order. Every student will answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Research It! section.

12 1. Go to Answer the following questions on your lab sheet. 1. Read the first paragraph and summarize the role of the human skeletal system. 1. How many individual bones are in the human body? 2. List 3 axial skeletal bones and 3 appendicular bones. 3. Scroll down to the Skeletal System Physiology section and summarize how the skeleton supports and protects.

13 Explore It! Station Directions One member of the group will read the task cards in order. The group will be responsible for completing each of the tasks that are being read. Each member of the group will then write their conclusions down on the lab sheet in the Explore It! section.

14 There are 5 main functions for the human skeleton. 1. What do you think is the main function of the human skeleton? Support and protect Movement Storage Blood Homeostasis 1. In your own words, explain how you think each of these relate to the skeletal system 1. Support and protect the skeleton allows the body to be supported and protects our internal organs from damage. 2. Movement the skeleton works with the muscular system to allow for movement. 3. Storage the interior of the bone can store calcium, phosphorus, and fatty acids 4. Blood Inside the marrow of the bone stem cells can be turned into red blood cells as well as many other types of cells. 5. Homeostasis bones are able to absorb or release calcium into the blood to maintain a stable environment in the body.

15 1. Take 2 minutes to look at the model and/or diagram of the skeletal system. 2. Find 7 bones that you are unfamiliar with, and list their scientific name as well as their common name. (example: Femur thigh bone)

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17 Illustrate It! Station Directions Each member of the group will draw a quick sketch on the lab sheet that shows they understand the concept being taught. Use the colored pencils and markers that are provided. The directions for the sketch are provided on the task card at the table.

18 Illustrate It! Station Directions 1. Use the diagram and colored pencils to label 10 of the major bones in the human body. You can choose the ones you want to label. 2. Shade in the axial skeleton red and the appendicular skeleton green.

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20 Organize It! Station Directions It is recommended that you have completed at least two of the following stations before working at this station. -Read It! -Explore It! -Watch It! -Research It! Each group will use the diagram to answer the questions on the cards.

21 Use the skeletal diagram to answer the following questions. The axial skeleton consists of the 80 bones along the central axis of the human body. The appendicular skeleton is composed of 126 bones in the human body involved in locomotion (lower limbs) of the axial skeleton and manipulation of objects in the environment (upper limbs). 1. On your lab sheet determine which bones are axial and which ones are appendicular. Label them. 2. Beside each of the bone names also list which part of the body the bone belongs to. (ex. Head, shoulder, etc.)

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