What is RESPIRATION?

Transcription

1 Respiration 1

2 What is RESPIRATION? Lung animation the production of energy (ATP) Definition-the exchange of CO2 and O2 AND it s also (it s NOT just breathing. It is also the release of energy by our cells!) it allows exchange of outside air and our circulatory system (blood transport) 2

3 Cellular Respiration Formula Oxygen + food ATP (energy) + carbon dioxide + water O2 + glucose ATP + CO2 + H2O (Reactants) (Products) FORMULA MEANING: The body takes in O2 and food (glucose) to produce ATP (energy). The body then gives off CO2 and H2O as waste The RESPIRATORY SYSTEM must work with the SYSTEM so that the oxygen can be CIRCULATORY transported to cells and CO2 can be taken away from cells! 3

4 Where does respiration happen? In the mitochondria of ALL plant & animal cells! Remember they are the powerhouse of the cell! 4

5 Two Types of Respiration Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Uses oxygen to release energy from food (36 ATP) Ex. Fish, humans, dogs Does not use oxygen to release energy (2 ATP); AKA fermentation, lactic acid or alcohol production Ex. Yeast, bacteria, human muscle 5

6 More on anaerobic respiration Depending on what type of organism you are, you create different products after respiring in the absence of oxygen. If you are a: human cell, you produce 2 ATP and lactic acid (makes your muscles burn) glucose lactic acid + 2ATP bacteria cell used in making cheese & yogurt, you produce 2ATP and H2O & lactic acid glucose yeast cell used in baking and brewing, H2O + lactic acid +2ATP you produce 2 ATP and CO2 and alcohol GLUCOSE SONG glucose alcohol + CO2+ 2ATP Cowboy respiration clip

7 HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Part Nostril Nasal Cavity Pharynx Larynx Epiglottis Function Where air (O2) enters;co2 leaves Area behind our nose; warms, moistens, and cleans air Back of throat voicebox Flap of skin that covers windpipe so food does not enter lungs 7

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11 HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Part Trachea Bronchi Function Windpipe leads to lungs covered with cartilage rings lined with cilia 2 branches of trachea, lead to the lungs Bronchioles smaller branches of bronchi end in air sacs/alveoli 11

12 HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Part Alveoli Lungs Function Air sacs where O2 and CO2 are exchanged with capillaries and the blood stream; 600 million in the average adult organs of breathing where gas exchange occurs Lung surface area clip Diaphragm muscle under lungs that controls lungs expanding & contracting pulls O2 in and pushes CO2 out 12

13 Inside an Alveolus Inhalation/Exhalation: O O Alveolus is 1 cell thick O 2 CO 2 O 2 CO 2 O 2 CO 2 O 2 CO CO 2 2 O 2 O 2 O 2 O 2 CO 2 Capillary blood vessel is 1 cell thick What is the purpose of

14 Nose Mouth Epiglottis (flap) Lung Bronchi Diaphragm Nasal Cavity/sinuses Pharynx Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles Alveoli Respiration Diagram Labels 14

15 Lung Model Long straw (trachea) Y-Straws (Bronchi) Balloon (lungs) Rubber sheet (diaphragm) 15

16 How does the Body Regulate the Rate of Respiration? How do our bodies know when to breathe faster or slower? Our medulla! (in our brains), it detects the amount of CO2 in our blood - As CO2 levels increase, breathing rateincreases Medulla 16

17 Respiration video

18 Comparison of Inhale/Exhale ribs diaphragm oxygen Inhale expand moves down increases Exhale collapse moves up carbon dioxide decreases 18

19 Lung/Diaphragm Animation link Lung function review clip 19

20 Check this Out! Relaxed Diaphragm Which muscles will cause inhalation? Contracted Diaphragm

21 Lung Demonstration!

22 Respiratory Homeostasis Disorders 1. Emphysema: lung cells do not receive enough O2 because alveoli are damaged (stretched out) leads to decreased lung capacity caused by smoking, air pollution 2. Bronchitis : infection of the respiratory tract; results in an increase in mucus in bronchial tubes, swelling, inflammation of the bronchial tubes, coughing, difficulty breathing 22

23 Respiratory Homeostasis Disorders 3. Pneumonia: viral or bacterial infection of lungs that causes them to fill with pus and fluid 4. Asthma: bronchi spasms that cause difficulty breathing; constricted blood vessels in air passageways usually caused by allergies 23

24 Stop Smoking Ad 24

25 Stop Smoking Ad 25

26 jeopardy Type Respiration IRP