The Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tdcs) in Action Observation. Danielle Giangrasso August 2013 SREBCS Dr. Roger Newman-Norlund

Transcription

1 The Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tdcs) in Action Observation Danielle Giangrasso August 2013 SREBCS Dr. Roger Newman-Norlund

2 Action Observation (AO) Improve performance of an action by observation alone 1 AO with Physical Therapy can enhance the effects of motor training after stroke 2 1. Mattar and Gribble 2005; Torriero et al Celnik, P., et al. 2008; Sharma, N., V. Pomeroy, and J.-C. Baron, M 2006; Ertelt, D., et al

3 Action Observation Network (AON) Neural commonalities for both physical and observational learning 1 Training the AON circuit by either means improves motor learning 2 Training in one modality (eg. Observation) can increase motor learning within the other (eg. Performance) 3 1. Cross, E., Kraemer, D. J. M., Hamilton, A. F. de C., Kelley, W. M., & Grafton, S. T. 2.Barzouka et al. 2007; Bouquet et al Aglioti, S.M., Cesari, P., Romani, M., & Urgesi, C. (2008)

4 Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tdcs) Non-invasive brain stimulation technique Anodal tdcs (+): Increases neuronal excitability tdcs has been associated with improvements in: motor learning in healthy subjects [23] motor performance in stroke patients [26]

5 Area of Interest Ventral Premotor Cortex: Area within hmns Action recognition 1 & preparation 2 Motor vocabulary 3 L_aPMv = 5.14 cm L_S = 3.89 cm Angle = Iacoboni, M., Molnar-Szakacs, I., Gallese, V., Buccino, G., Mazziotta, J.C., et al. (2005) 2. Gallese, V., Fadiga, L., Fogassi, L., & Rizzolatti, G. (1996) 3. Rizzolatti 1988, Iacoboni (1999)

6 Experimental Paradigm Pre-test tdcs & EMG Video Observation Post-test (1) 1 week 1 week Posttest (2) Hypothesis 1: Both groups will improve in their performance of motor tasks because they both engaged in action observation. Hypothesis 2: The Stimulation condition will have a greater increase in performance of motor tasks than the Sham condition, due to the effects of a- tdcs.

7 Motor Tasks Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHF) Latches-Board Task

8 Motor Tasks (continued) Hand Formation Sequencing Task 1300 ms each Each Set: Two letter non-word Three letter non-word Four letter non-word

9 Experimental Paradigm + ASL Recognition Test Hand Form SQ: 3x JTHF: 3x Latches Board :3x Pre-test tdcs & EMG Video Observation Post-test (1) 1 week 1 week Post-test

10 Experimental Paradigm Pre-test tdcs & EMG Video Observation Post-test (1) 1 week Expert performance of JTHF and Latches 1 week Post-test Hand formations sequenced into sets of: 2, 3, & 4 item sequences 18 minute loop

11 Experimental Paradigm tdcs Sham and Stim conditions EMG Three Trigno sensors to monitor muscle activity Pre-test tdcs & EMG Video Observation Post-test (1) 1 week 1 week Post-test

12 Time Improved (seconds) Preliminary Results Time Improvement Between Test Conditions in JTHF Stim Sham Pre-Post1 Post1-Post2 Pre-1 Pre-Post2 week Post JTHF Pretest- Post (1) Visual trend suggesting a potential effect of a-tdcs on motor improvement Post- 1 week Post Ceiling effect for Stim? Pretest- 1 week Post Still an observable visual trend

13 Time Improved (seconds) Preliminary Results Time Improvement Between Test Conditions in Latches Stim Sham Latches-Board Similar trend Not as strong as JTHF Pre-Post1 Post1-Post2 Pre-Post2 1 week Post

14 Time Improvement (seconds) Preliminary Results Time Improvement in 3-Item Sequences Stim Sham Hand Formation Sequencing Opposite trend Further analysis needed Pre-Post1 Post1-Post2 Pre- Pre-Post2 1 week Post

15 Implications Observable visual trend that suggests a potential effect of a-tdcs within JTHF and the Latches-Board tasks Explicit vs. Implicit goals Perceptual Blueprint 1 1. Zelaznik and Spring 1976; Doody et al. 1985; Carroll and Bandura 1990; Lee et al. 1990; Blandin and Proteau 2000; Cross, E. S. 2012

16 Miscellaneous Implications Unfamiliar ASL letters assigned nicknames meaninglessness of ASL? 1 Teeth Peace or Gun Groundhog 1. Tanaka,S., Inui,T., Iwaki, S., Konishi, J., & Nakai, T. 2001

17 Acknowledgements Roger Newman-Norlund, PhD. Melissa Kolar, MA Jennifer Vendemia, PhD. Corey Boswell Jongwon Kim

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