11/21/2007. Introduction to Psychological and Psychiatric Disorders. James M. Rice, RhD, CLCP Medical Psychology Associates, PC

Transcription

1 Introduction to Psychological and Psychiatric Disorders James M. Rice, RhD, CLCP Medical Psychology Associates, PC Goals of this lecture/presentation To discuss, review, and understand the DSM IV multiaxial system for classifying mental To look at the influence physical illnesses can have on emotional/mental ; and To look at the role emotional/mental play in the etiology, development, and maintenance of physical illnesses, and chronic illnesses in particular 1

2 A general introduction What do I mean by mental and how are they defined? A general introduction Who diagnoses mental? How are mental classified? Why is this important to Life Care Planners? A mental disorder is.... conceptualized as a clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome or pattern that occurs in an individual and that is associated with present distress (e.g., a painful symptom) or disability (e.g., impairment in one or more important areas of functioning) or with a significantly increased risk of suffering death, pain, disability, or an important loss of freedom. (DSM, pg xxi) 2

3 So, how are mental classified? With the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, otherwise known as DSM IV So, who is qualified to diagnose mental? This varies from state to state, and is subject to change as licensing laws change. For most states, all Psychiatrists and any MD/DO can diagnose, as can PhD level Psychologists. Some doctoral level counselors, MA level counselors, and MSW s also diagnose, but many do not and work under the supervision of an MD or PhD The classification of mental The multiaxial system of diagnosis What is it? Axis I Clinical Disorders Axis II Personality Disorders Axis II Personality Disorders Axis III Medical Problems Axis IV Psychosocial/Environmental factors Axis V. Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) 3

4 Let s talk about each of these Axes Axis I Clinical Disorders 1)What are they? Examples of Axis I Disorders include: 1) Mood like Major Depressive Disorder 2) Thought like Schizophrenia 3) Anxiety like Panic disorder and PTSD 4) Somatoform like conversion disorder 5) Many others too like Dementia, Substance Abuse, etc. An important point The mental health professional diagnosing an individual not only confirms the presence of certain diagnostic criteria, but also that these problems produce clinically significant problems and distress. For example Major Depressive Disorder 4

5 An example of an Anxiety Disorder Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) An example of a Somatoform disorder Conversion Disorder Finally, an example of a Thought disorder Schizophrenia 5

6 What about Axis II Disorders? How are they defined? Examples of Axis II Examples of Axis II Disorders include: Antisocial Personality Disorder Borderline Personality Disorder Dependent Personality Disorder What about Axis III, Axis IV, and Axis V? Briefly. Axis III General Medical Conditions Axis IV Psychosocial and Environmental Problems y Axis V Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) 6

7 Treatment options for Mental Disorders It is beyond the scope of this lecture to address all treatment options. Most treatment options include medications, psychotherapy, or both. How is this relevant to Life Care Planning? Injury, y,tau trauma, a,illness, and disease produce physical problems They also produce emotional, cognitive, and behavioral problems Summary and Conclusions Definition of mental DSM IV A classification system for mental A description of Axis I and Axis II A brief discussion of treatment issues Mental and life care planning 7