508 the number of suicide deaths in deaths per 100,000 people was the suicide rate in Suicide deaths in 2013 by gender

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1 An overview of suicide statistics This document summarises information about suicide deaths in New Zealand covering up to 13. It does not attempt to explain causes of suicidal behaviour or causes of changes to suicide rates. 58 the number of suicide deaths in deaths per, people was the suicide rate in 13 Suicide deaths in 13 by gender Male Female times more men died by suicide than women in 13 Māori have higher suicide rates than other ethnic groups 3 NZ suicide death rate (per,) by ethnicity Male Female Total Māori Pacific Asian European & Other Suicide rate in 13 by life-stage age group Total Youth (15 24 years) have higher suicide rates than other life stage age groups 1

2 Ethnicity and Deprivation Suicide rates among Māori and Pacific peoples decrease with age whereas suicide rates among European and Other people do not. Māori youth have higher suicide rates than youth from other ethnic groups. Suicide rates by ethnicity and five-year age group (from 5 years of age), 9-13 Māori Pacific Asian European & Other 3 Percentage of suicide deaths by deprivation quintile In 13 suicide rates increased with level of deprivation. More Māori and Pacific people living in the most deprived areas died by suicide than Māori and Pacific people living in less deprived areas. 1 1 (least deprived) (most deprived) Suicide deaths (percentage) by ethnic deprivation European and Other people suicide rates do not increase with level of deprivation (Lowest Deprivation) (Highest Deprivation) European and Other Māori Pacific 2

3 Age and trends over time Suicide rates among Māori and Pacific peoples decrease with age whereas suicide rates among European and Other people do not. Māori youth have higher suicide rates than youth from other ethnic groups. Percentage of suicide deaths by age and ethnicity 13 Māori Pacific Asian European and Other 15.1 deaths per, in 1998 the highest suicide rate since records began. Approximately 27% decrease in suicide rates since Almost 1 decrease in suicide rates between 6 and 13. Suicide rates for males have changed more over time than suicide rates for females NZ suicide death rate (per,) Male Female Total

4 Geographical location Bay of Plenty, Lakes, MidCentral and South Canterbury DHB regions have significantly higher suicide rates than the national average. Waitemata, Auckland and Capital & Coast DHB regions have significantly lower suicide rates than the national average. Significantly lower suicide rate Significantly higher suicide rate There is little difference in rates of urban and rural suicide, for each lifestage group. The differences are not statistically significant. Rate of suicide, by urban/rural profile and life-stage age group, 13 Rate (per,) 35 Urban Rural Age-group (years) 4

5 International comparisons Compared with other countries in the OECD, New Zealand s suicide rates (males and females) are towards the middle of the range. New Zealand s male youth suicide rate was the third highest and New Zealand s female youth suicide rate was the highest. Total suicide rates per, in the OECD for males and females Female Male Total youth suicide rates per, in the OECD for males and females Female Male Turkey Greece Mexico Italy Spain Israel United Kingdom Portugal Netherlands Luxembourg Denmark Norway Germany Australia Switzerland Sweden Canada New Zealand Iceland Ireland Slovakia USA Austria Chile France Czech Republic Belgium Finland Poland Japan Estonia Slovenia Hungary Republic of Korea Portugal Turkey Greece Spain Italy Luxembourg Israel Denmark United Kingdom Netherlands Iceland Germany France Switzerland Mexico Slovakia Austria Hungary Norway Sweden Czech Republic Australia Belgium Canada Republic of Korea USA Estonia Poland Slovenia Japan Chile Ireland New Zealand Finland

6 Health service use Around 3 of people who died by suicide were hospitalised for self harm in the year before they died. More women who died by suicide were hospitalised for self harm before they died Suicide deaths 8-13 by self harm hospitalisation* Male Yes Male No Female Yes Female No Suicide deaths 8-13 by GP service use* Male Yes Male No Female Yes Female No Around of people who died by suicide did not use a GP service in the year before they died. More men who died by suicide did not use a GP service in the year before they died Around 82% of European and Other people who died by suicide used a GP service in the year before they died. Asian, Māori and Pacific people who died by suicide were less likely to use a GP service in the year before they died Suicide deaths and GP service use* by ethnicity Maori Pacific Asian European and Other Yes No 6

7 Mental health service use On average 4 of people who died by suicide accessed mental health services in the year before they died. Suicide deaths 8-13 by acute mental health service use* Male Yes Male No Female Yes Female No Pacific people were less likely to have accessed mental health services than people from other ethnic groups in the year before they died by suicide. Suicide deaths and acute mental health service use* by ethnicity Maori Pacific Asian European and Other Yes No 7

8 Method Hanging, strangulation and suffocation is the most common method. More females use poisoning by solids and liquids as a method than males. More males use firearms and explosives as a method than females. Method of suicide death Hanging, strangulation and suffocation (X7) Poisoning - gases and vapours (X66-7) Submersion (drowning) (X71) Firearms and explosives (X72, X74-5) Poisoning - solids and liquids (X6-5, X68-9) Other means (X76-84) Male Female Māori, Pacific and Asian people use hanging, strangulation and suffocation as a method more than European and Other people More European and Other people use firearms and explosives, and poisoning as a method than people from other ethnic groups Method of suicide death by ethnicity Hanging, strangulation and suffocation (X7) Poisoning - gases and vapours (X66-7) Submersion (drowning) (X71) Firearms and explosives (X72, X74-5) Poisoning - solids and liquids (X6-5, X68-9) Other means (X76-84) Asian Maori Other Pacific 8