Appendix 6: Indications for adult allogeneic bone marrow transplant in New Zealand

Transcription

1 Appendix 6: Indications for adult allogeneic bone marrow transplant in New Zealand This list provides indications for the majority of adult BMTs that are performed in New Zealand. A small number of BMTs are performed for other rare indications, comprising less than 10 percent of BMT activity. A decision to perform BMT on an individual patient is based upon: an improved outcome following BMT compared with non-transplant therapy, recognising that transplant may be part of a combined modality approach. Potential benefits include cure, improved survival or a better quality of life an assessment of the potential benefits compared with risks. This assessment may change with time, and is dependent upon many factors, including patient disease; disease stage and risk; age and co-morbidity; goals of therapy; treatment options and availability; cost; and patient and physician preference. The decision to perform BMT in New Zealand is made after due consideration in relation to evidence, international standards, peer review at local BMT advisory committees, patient counselling and consent and availability of health care resources. All BMT units in New Zealand are authorised to perform such procedures and report their data to regional and international transplant registries for ongoing audit of effectiveness. Myeloablative allogeneic BMT / RIC allogeneic BMT Up to 70 years of age approximately based on PS / Comorbidity Chronological age is not used in isolation to decide on conditioning regimen choice. Biological fitness and formal comorbidity assessment are more relevant. There is no age differentiation between HLA identical sibling and 8/8 allellic high resolution MUD, depending on patient assessment/comorbidity index. All potential donor sources should be considered unless otherwise stated. Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) Adverse risk in CR1 Adverse karyotype or molecular profile Therapy-related AML Antecedent haematological disorder Slow response to induction chemotherapy Primary refractory disease Any risk group in CR2 Previously treated AML managed with successful reinduction chemotherapy Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APML) relapsed disease Morphological CR2 with persisting molecular positivity

2 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) Myelodysplastic syndrome Aplastic anaemia Chronic myeloid leukaemia Myelofibrosis Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia Multiple myeloma Indolent Mantle cell Hodgkin Transplant in CR1 Consider in any adult with ALL aged >25 years with available HLA identical sibling donor (ablative conditioning age <40 years; RIC age >40 years) High risk ALL and available MUD donor (ablative conditioning age <40 years; RIC age >40 years) Acute biphenotypic leukaemia Any risk group in CR2 Previously treated ALL managed with successful reinduction chemotherapy Consider allogeneic BMT in patients with: IPSS intermediate-2 / high risk score adverse cytogenetic profile clonal evolution increased blast count red blood cell or platelet transfusion dependence Very severe/severe disease at first presentation Patients < 40 years with HLA identical sibling donor Consider allogeneic BMT in patients failing adequate trial of immunosuppression Patients >40 years with HLA identical sibling donor Patients with suitable matched unrelated donor Patients in first chronic phase failing tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy Patients with prior advanced stage disease obtaining disease control with tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy Consider allogeneic BMT in patients with: poor risk assessment based on blood count and cytogenetics significant red cell transfusion requirement Consider RIC allogeneic BMT in: early stage disease with poor risk features (for example 17p deletion) fludarabine refractory patients (non-response / relapse within 6 12 months of therapy) young patients with multiple relapsed disease following prior fludarabine-based therapy Consider RIC allogeneic BMT in patients with poor risk disease (t(4;14), deletion 13q by G-banding, deletion 17p, complex karyotype) in first response as part of tandem autologous/allogeneic approach Consider allogeneic BMT in patients with advanced stage but chemosensitive in second or later disease response Consider RIC allogeneic BMT in patients with advanced stage disease in second response Consider RIC allogeneic BMT in relapsed disease six months following prior autologous BMT with good stable partial remission to salvage chemotherapy

3 Aggressive T / NK cell s in CR1 Consider allogeneic BMT for chemosensitive aggressive disease Relapsed T / NK cell s and large B cell Consider allogeneic BMT for carefully selected patients with stable relapsed chemosensitive disease

4 Appendix 7: Indications for adult autologous bone marrow transplant in New Zealand This list provides indications for the majority of adult BMT performed in New Zealand. A small number of BMTs are performed for other rare indications, comprising less than 10 percent of BMT activity. Autologous BMT up to 70 years of age approximately based on PS / Comorbidity AML ALL Multiple myeloma AL amyloid Severe autoimmune diseases Hodgkin Aggressive Indolent Mantle cell Germ cell tumours Specific AML groups in CR2 APML in molecular CR2 Recent studies demonstrate no advantage of autologous BMT compared with chemotherapy De novo myeloma Standard of care following initial chemotherapy chemosensitive disease Primary refractory disease Proven place of single or double BMT depending on myeloma response Relapsed myeloma Consider second autologous BMT if treatment-free interval of at least three years after first BMT Autologous BMT on first relapse if BMT not performed as part of initial myeloma treatment Perform BMT in carefully selected patients with limited organ involvement Consider in carefully selected patients on a case-by-case basis Standard of care in primary refractory or relapsed demonstrating some chemosensitivity Consider in very poor risk chemosensitive large B cell or poor risk T/NK cell at presentation Consider in primary refractory large B cell with demonstrated stable chemosensitivity Standard of care in chemosensitive relapsed large B cell Consider in chemosensitive relapsed indolent B cell Recommended in de novo chemosensitive mantle cell Consider in chemosensitive relapse (CR2) Standard of care for chemosensitive relapsed germ cell tumour

5 Appendix 8: Summary table of indications for BMT procedures, 2010 Key: Allo Allogeneic Auto Autologous R BMT recommended D Developmental ACP Accepted clinical practice NR Not recommended Sib Sibling Allo Sib (or suitably matched family donor) RIC Allo Allo MUD Auto Age limit RIC Disease AML CR1 (intermediate/high risk) R R R ACP Early first relapse R ACP R NR CR2 R R R ACP Primary resistant leukaemia ACP NR ACP NR Resistant relapse NR NR NR NR Adult ALL L3 (Burkitt s) CR1 NR NR NR NR Sensitive relapse R NR R ACP Ph + ALL CR1 R ACP R NR CR2 R ACP R NR Ph - ALL CR1 R ACP R NR CR2 R ACP R NR Primary resistant leukaemia NR NR NR NR Resistant relapse NR NR NR NR CML First chronic phase, failing TKI R R R NR >First chronic or Accl phase R ACP R NR Blast crisis NR NR NR NR CLL Chemosensitive and poor risk first presentation (eg, 17p del) or fludarabine refractory or advanced stage CLL Poor risk CLL in CR, or good PR ACP R ACP ACP D Myeloma Primary responsive (single or double transplant) D ACP D R Primary refractory D ACP D R Sensitive relapse (no initial transplant or long first remission to transplant) NR ACP NR R Al amyloid Limited disease, good risk D D D ACP MDS Good risk (eg RA, RAEB) R R R NR Poor risk (chemosensitive) R R R D

6 Allo Sib (or suitably matched family donor) RIC Allo Allo MUD Auto Severe aplastic anaemia Severe autoimmune disease De novo, age < 40 R NR NR Relapsed, refractory to immunosupp R R NR Red cell aplasia R ACP ACP NR Thalassaemia major and severe variants R ACP NR Sickle cell disease R ACP NR D D NR ACP Hodgkin Poor prognosis CR1 NR NR NR NR Primary refractory NR ACP ACP R Chemosensitive relapse NR ACP ACP R Age limit RIC Disease Lymphoma Lymphoblastic (adults) CR1 ACP ACP ACP ACP Chemosensitive relapse R ACP R ACP Burkitt s Chemosensitive relapse ACP ACP ACP R Aggressive poor risk CR1 NR NR NR ACP Primary refractory NR NR NR R Chemosensitive relapse ACP ACP D ACP Indolent ACP ACP ACP ACP Mantle De Novo CR/PR NR ACP NR ACP Chemosensitive relapse R R ACP ACP Myelofibrosis Progressive or high risk R R R NR Adult solid tumours Germ cell tumours relapse NR NR NR ACP