Guide to Draw It to Know It Neuroanatomy (relative to Medical Neuro, UI-COM Urbana)

Transcription

1 Guide to Draw It to Know It Neuroanatomy (relative to Medical Neuro, UI-COM Urbana) Note: Sometimes DITKI goes into far more detail than is necessary for the course, and in other cases not enough. As helpful as this program may be, please remember to give the learning sessions and Powerpoints their appropriate due. I will update this list again before Unit 3 of the course. Note that italicized tutorials are not strictly necessary but may provide additional context. Dr. Brown Unit 1: Neuroscience Fundamentals Learning Sessions 1-3: Overview of the Nervous System General Organization o Introduction to Neuroanatomy o Cerebrum-Essentials o Divisions & Signs o Orientational Terminology o The other tutorials in this section are OK to look at, but note that we ll be covering all of the relevant structures in greater detail later in the course. Cerebral Hemispheres o Everything except Cerebral Cortical Histology Cerebral White Matter o Internal Capsule o Meninges and CSF-Essentials (some of this is covered in Learning Session 4) o Spinal Meninges Learning Session 4: The Ventricular System o Meninges and CSF-Essentials (some of this is covered in Learning Session 3) o Cisterns, Sinuses, and Veins (it s worth knowing where the cisterns of the brain are located, but don t worry about memorizing them; the other topics here are covered in Learning Sessions 5-7) Learning Session 5-7: Neurovasculature Arterial Supply o Cerebrovasculature: Circle of Willis o Cerebral Arterial Territories o Brainstem & Cerebellar Arterial Territories (the way we cover brainstem blood supply in lecture is arguably simpler)

2 o The Advanced Topics tutorials are, for the most part, too esoteric for the purposes of our course (unless you re in your neurosurgery residency!), while the Head & Neck tutorials may be useful for Anatomy. o Cisterns, Sinuses, and Veins (now would be a good time to focus on dural venous sinuses and veins!) Learning Sessions 8-10: Neurocytology, Neurophysiology, Synapses & Neurotransmitters Nerve and Muscle o Peripheral Nerve Histology (covered more thoroughly in CTB) o Neuron Cell Structure o Glial Cells o All 6 tutorials under Nerve Transmission Learning Session 11: Neuroradiology Supplementary Learning Session: Neuroembryology Neuroembryology o The Germ Layer (worth reviewing, but you already covered this fairly thoroughly in Embryology) o Neurulation o Brain Vesicle Formation TBL 1: Neurovascular Emergencies o Herniations and Hemorrhages Unit 2: Neuroscience Fundamentals Learning Session 12: Introduction to the Spinal Cord and Somatosensation I General Organization o Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nervous System Peripheral Nerve Innervation o Dermatomes o Spinal Cord Overview: Anatomy and Histology Spinal Canal o The Spine (this will be review to an extent and should help you to appreciate the relationship of the spinal cord to the meninges and vertebral column) o Spinal Nerves (although the functional divisions of the anterior and posterior rami of the spinal nerves aren't hard to understand, you will not be held responsible for them in Neuro; the grey and white rami

3 communicans we will discuss when we talk about the autonomic nervous system); Arterial Supply o Spinal Cord Arteries (you will not be held responsible for anything the but ASpA, PSpAs, and radicular arteries in Neuro) Learning Sessions 13-14: Somatosensation II & III o Major Tracts o Ascending Spinal Cord Pathways o Spinal Cord Disorders (we will talk about the corticospinal tract next week, at which time some of the common spinal disorders will make more sense) o Major Motor and Sensory Projections (limit your attention for now to the DCML and STT as they exist in the brainstem) o Brainstem Overview, The Midbrain, The Pons, and The Medulla will give Diencephalon o The Thalamus (for context on where the VPL nucleus is located in the thalamus) Learning Session 15: Somatosensation IV: Pain and its Perception Peripheral Nerve Innervation o Referred Pain Learning Sessions 16-19: Motor Systems I-IV Nerve and Muscle o Motor Units (don t worry about anything beyond what the motor unit is and how the innervation ratio is defined) o Major Tracts (worth reviewing now that you know something about the CST) o Descending Spinal Cord Pathways o Spinal Cord Disorders (worth reviewing now that you know something about the CST) Spinal Canal o Muscle Stretch Reflex o Muscles and Nerve (also contains a little information corresponding to Learning Session 12) o Major Motor and Sensory Projections (attend to the CST in relation to the DCML pathway and STT )

4 o Brainstem Overview, The Midbrain, The Pons, and The Medulla will give TBL 2: Peripheral Neuropathies Peripheral Nerve Innervation (perhaps useful for Anatomy not particularly for Neuro) o Upper Extremity - Mononeuropathies & Plexopathies o Lower Extremity Mononeuropathies Learning Sessions 20-23: Cranial Nerves I-IV o Major Motor and Sensory Projections (bring the trigeminothalamic tract and CBT into the mix) o Brainstem Overview, The Midbrain, The Pons, and The Medulla will give Cranial Nerves and Skull Base o Cranial Nerve Overview (in general, we won t spend time in Neuro talking about the courses of the cranial nerves after they exit the brainstem; this will be left for Anatomy) o Cranial Nerve Nuclei & Functions (DITKI uses a somewhat different and arguably more confusing manner of organizing the various cranial nuclei than the one we will introduce you to in the course) o Cranial Nerve Embryology o CNs 3, 4, 6, 12, 11 - The Somatomotor Set (don t worry too much about CN XI) o CNs 5, 7, 9, 10 - Pharnygeal Arch Set - Motor o CNs 5, 7, 9, 10 - Pharnygeal Arch Set - Sensory o CNs 1, 2, 8 - Solely Sensory Set (don t worry too much about CNs I and VIII; we will revisit the latter when we discuss the auditory and vestibular systems) Cranial Neuropathies o Brain Aneurysms and Cavernous Sinus Disease (don t worry about the details surrounding cavernous sinus thrombosis) o Internuclear Ophthalamoplegias o Pupillary Reflex Responses o Oral-Palatal Deviations & The Gag Reflex o Stroke vs Bell's Palsy o Trigeminal Neuropathies & The Masseter Reflex Eye Movements o Final Common Pathway o Pupillary Light Reflex

5 o Extraocular Movements (since you will not have covered this yet in Anatomy, it s worth covering it here. For Neuro, you will only be responsible for the six extraocular muscles primary actions.) Learning Sessions 23-24: Visual System I & II Vision o Eye Anatomy (be familiar with the basic anatomy of the eye, using the learning session as a guide as to which anatomy is relevant) o Optic Refraction and Light Detection at the Retina (appreciate the basic cellular composition of the retina, where light is transduced, and how it ultimately reaches the optic nerves, CNs II) o Phototransduction ( in the learning session pptx., but not particularly high-yield ) o Retinal Histology (possibly useful for CTB, but not for Neuro!) o Visual Pathways o Visual Field Deficits (this is a really useful tutorial!) Learning Sessions 25: Basal Ganglia Basal Ganglia o Basal Ganglia Anatomy (most of this will be review from Unit 1, and the other details are probably of limited importance) o Basal Ganglia Physiology (focus on the direct and indirect motor loop pathways) Learning Session 26: Cerebellum o Spinocerebellar Pathways (we will only focus on the dorsal spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar tracts) Cerebellum o Cerebellar Anatomy o Pathways & Midline Structures of Cerebellum o Cerebellar Histology & Circuitry (focus mostly on the flow of information through the cerebellum) TBL 3: Movement Disorders o Spinal Cord Disorders