Nervous Systems: Part IV The organiza8on and func8on of major parts of the nervous system.

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Nervous Systems: Part IV The organiza8on and func8on of major parts of the nervous system."

Transcription

1 Nervous Systems: Part IV The organiza8on and func8on of major parts of the nervous system.

2

3 KP1: The Peripheral Nervous System handles inputs/outputs while the Central Nervous System makes decisions/processes CNS Organs: Brain Spinal Cord PNS Divisions: Cranial nerves Spinal nerves Ganglia

4 KP2: The brain is composed of white and gray maher. White: Myelinated neurons (helps us think/process) Gray: Unmyelinated neurons (coordinates signals)

5 KP3: The spinal cord sends signals originasng from the brain to the body and handles reflexes The central canal of the spinal cord and the ventricles of the brain are hollow and filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF is a colorless fluid produced in the choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brain. CSF occupies the subacrachnoid space of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Cushions the brain and spinal cord Provides nutrients and remove wastes

6 KP4: Glia are cells that support, nourish, and regulate neurons Many types exist: Embryonic radial glia: form tracks along which newly formed neurons migrate Astrocytes: induce cells lining capillaries in the CNS to form Sght juncsons, resulsng in a blood-brain barrier and restricsng the entry of most substances into the brain

7

8 KP5: Vertebrates have regionally specialized brains SpecializaSon needed to perform diverse funcsons These structures arise during embryonic development

9

10 The Cerebrum or Cortex: The cerebrum or cortex is the largest part of the human brain associated with higher brain funcson such as thought and acson, percepson, voluntary movement, and cognisve funcsons (learning and memory). The cerebral cortex is parscularly extensive in mammals In humans it consists of 80% of brain mass and is highly convoluted to increase surface area. 10

11 LeM cerebral hemisphere Right cerebral hemisphere Cerebral cortex Corpus callosum Cerebrum Basal nuclei Cerebellum Adult brain viewed from the rear

12 Diencephalon Thalamus Pineal gland Hypothalamus Pituitary gland Brainstem Midbrain Pons Medulla oblongata Spinal cord

13 Cerebrum Diencephalon Midbrain Pons Medulla oblongata Cerebellum Spinal cord Child

14 CEREBELLUM Part of the hind brain. InformaSon processing Balance, posture and coordinason Monitors motor and visual and auditory commands received from the cortex. Helps in learning and remembering motor skills. 14

15 Corpus Callosum A thick band of axons that enables the right and lec cerebral hemispheres to communicate. The lec side of the cortex receives informason from, and controls the movement of, the right side of the body, and vice versa. Each cerebral hemisphere is specialized for different tasks-e.g., the right for face recognison and the lec for language. 15

16 Hypothalamus The structure is involved in funcsons including homeostasis, emoson, thirst, hunger, circadian rhythms, and control of the autonomic nervous system. In addison, it controls the pituitary and coordinates with the adrenal glands via the hypothalamus/pituitary/adrenal axis. 16

17 Hippocampus: memory center This part of the mid-brain is important for learning and memory ConverSng short term memory to more permanent memory For recalling spasal relasonships in the world about us 17

18 The Limbic System (EmoSonal Brain) The limbic system includes a group of structures surrounding the brain stem (from the LaSn Limbus, border). Amygdala, hippocampus, parts of the thalamus, hypothalamus EmoSons, mosvason, olfactory, behavior and memory. The focus of emosonal memory is the amygdala. 18

19 Language and Speech Studies of brain acsvity have mapped areas responsible for language and speech Broca s area in the frontal lobe is acsve when speech is generated Wernicke s area in the temporal lobe is acsve when speech is heard These areas belong to a larger network of regions involved in language.

20 InformaSon Processing The cerebral cortex receives input from sensory organs and somatosensory receptors Somatosensory receptors provide informason about touch, pain, pressure, temperature, and the posison of muscles and limbs The thalamus directs different types of input to dissnct locasons

21 Frontal Lobe FuncSon Frontal lobe damage may impair decision making and emosonal responses but leave intellect and memory intact The frontal lobes have a substansal effect on execusve funcsons of thinking and making decisions.

22 Central Nervous System (informa8on processing) Afferent neurons Peripheral Nervous System Efferent neurons Sensory receptors Autonomic nervous system Motor system Control of skeletal muscle Internal and external s8muli Sympathe8c division Parasympathe8c division Control of smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, glands Enteric division

23 Peripheral Nervous System FuncSons Motor System: Neurons that carry signals to skeletal muscles mainly as a response to external ssmuli. Autonomic Nervous System: involuntary control over organs Parasympathe8c Nervous System: Rest and digesson Sympathe8c nervous System: Fight or flight 23

24 Review of Independent PracSce: The cerebrum or cortex: Cerebellum: Corpus Callosum: Hypothalamus: Hippocampus: The Limbic System: 24

25 Exit Ticket: Think-pair-share: If a woman with a severed corpus callosum viewed a photograph of a familiar face, first in the lec field of vision and then in the right field, why would it be difficult for her to put a name to the face in either field? 25

26 EXIT TICKET Response: Each cerebral hemisphere is specialized for different parts of this task- the right for face recognison and the lec for language. Without an intact corpus callosum, neither hemisphere can take advantage of the other s processing abilises. 26

Nervous System: Part IV The Central Nervous System The Brain

Nervous System: Part IV The Central Nervous System The Brain Nervous System: Part IV The Central Nervous System The Brain Can you survive when part of your brain is destroyed? 2 Essential Knowledge 3.D.2 2. Cells communicate with each other through direct contact

More information

Organiza?on of the nervous system. Organiza?on of the nervous system. BIOL 164 Human Biology Ch 8 The Nervous System. I. CNS (Central Nervous System)

Organiza?on of the nervous system. Organiza?on of the nervous system. BIOL 164 Human Biology Ch 8 The Nervous System. I. CNS (Central Nervous System) BIOL 164 Human Biology Ch 8 The Nervous System Organiza?on of the nervous system I. CNS (Central Nervous System) brain and spinal cord: central command center integrates and coordinates all voluntary and

More information

Somatic Nervous Systems. III. Autonomic Nervous System. Parasympathetic Nervous System. Sympathetic Nervous Systems

Somatic Nervous Systems. III. Autonomic Nervous System. Parasympathetic Nervous System. Sympathetic Nervous Systems 7/21/2014 Outline Nervous System - PNS and CNS I. II. Two Parts of the Nervous System Central Nervous System vs Peripheral Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System A. B. Brain and Spinal Cord III. Autonomic

More information

Nervous System - PNS and CNS. Bio 105

Nervous System - PNS and CNS. Bio 105 Nervous System - PNS and CNS Bio 105 Outline I. Central Nervous System vs Peripheral Nervous System II. Peripheral Nervous System A. Autonomic Nervous Systems B. Somatic Nervous Systems III. Autonomic

More information

3/15/17. Outline. Nervous System - PNS and CNS. Two Parts of the Nervous System

3/15/17. Outline. Nervous System - PNS and CNS. Two Parts of the Nervous System Nervous System - PNS and CNS Bio 105 Outline I. Central Nervous System vs Peripheral Nervous System II. Peripheral Nervous System A. Autonomic Nervous Systems B. Somatic Nervous Systems III. Autonomic

More information

The Nervous System. Divisions of the Nervous System. Branches of the Autonomic Nervous System. Central versus Peripheral

The Nervous System. Divisions of the Nervous System. Branches of the Autonomic Nervous System. Central versus Peripheral The Nervous System Divisions of the Nervous System Central versus Peripheral Central Brain and spinal cord Peripheral Everything else Somatic versus Autonomic Somatic Nerves serving conscious sensations

More information

The Nervous System PART B

The Nervous System PART B 7 The Nervous System PART B PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB The Reflex Arc Reflex

More information

The Brain Worksheet Sections 5-7

The Brain Worksheet Sections 5-7 The Brain Worksheet Sections 5-7 1. neuroglia 2. autonomic nervous system 3. sensory neurons 4. oligodendrocytes 5. ascending tracts 6. descending tracts 7. saltatory propagation 8. continuous propagation

More information

CHAPTER 13&14: The Central Nervous System. Anatomy of the CNS

CHAPTER 13&14: The Central Nervous System. Anatomy of the CNS CHAPTER 13&14: The Central Nervous System Anatomy of the CNS in human consists of brain and spinal cord as stated earlier neurons have little support from their extracellular matrix and depend on glial

More information

Biology. Slide 1 of 37. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Biology. Slide 1 of 37. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology 1 of 37 35-3 Divisions of the Nervous 2 of 37 The Nervous The human nervous system has two major divisions: central nervous system peripheral nervous system 3 of 37 The Central Nervous The Central

More information

Big Ideas. (e.g. puberty, immune function (autoimmune disorders)) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

Big Ideas. (e.g. puberty, immune function (autoimmune disorders)) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Nervous Systems Big Ideas 2.E.1: Timing and coordination of specific events are necessary for the normal development of an organism, and these events are regulated by a variety of mechanisms. (e.g. puberty,

More information

Cephalization. Nervous Systems Chapter 49 11/10/2013. Nervous systems consist of circuits of neurons and supporting cells

Cephalization. Nervous Systems Chapter 49 11/10/2013. Nervous systems consist of circuits of neurons and supporting cells Nervous Systems Chapter 49 Cephalization Nervous systems consist of circuits of neurons and supporting cells Nervous system organization usually correlates with lifestyle Organization of the vertebrate

More information

Basic Brain Structure

Basic Brain Structure The Human Brain Basic Brain Structure Composed of 100 billion cells Makes up 2% of bodies weight Contains 15% of bodies blood supply Uses 20% of bodies oxygen and glucose Brain Protection Surrounded by

More information

Biology 3201 Nervous System #2- Anatomy. Components of a Nervous System

Biology 3201 Nervous System #2- Anatomy. Components of a Nervous System Biology 3201 Nervous System #2- Anatomy Components of a Nervous System In any nervous system, there are 4 main components: (1) sensors: gather information from the external environment (sense organs) (2)

More information

Good Morning! Take out your notes and vocab 1-10! Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Good Morning! Take out your notes and vocab 1-10! Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Good Morning! Take out your notes and vocab 1-10! Functions of the Nervous System 1. Sensory input gathering information To monitor changes occurring inside and outside the body (changes = stimuli) 2.

More information

CHAPTER 48: NERVOUS SYSTEMS

CHAPTER 48: NERVOUS SYSTEMS CHAPTER 48: NERVOUS SYSTEMS Name I. AN OVERVIEW OF NERVOUS SYSTEMS A. Nervous systems perform the three overlapping functions of sensory input, integration, and motor output B. Networks of neurons with

More information

Neurology study of the nervous system. nervous & endocrine systems work together to maintain homeostasis

Neurology study of the nervous system. nervous & endocrine systems work together to maintain homeostasis Nervous System Neurology study of the nervous system nervous & endocrine systems work together to maintain homeostasis Nervous System works very fast Uses electrical signals called nerve impulses Short-lived

More information

Organization of The Nervous System PROF. MOUSAED ALFAYEZ & DR. SANAA ALSHAARAWY

Organization of The Nervous System PROF. MOUSAED ALFAYEZ & DR. SANAA ALSHAARAWY Organization of The Nervous System PROF. MOUSAED ALFAYEZ & DR. SANAA ALSHAARAWY Objectives At the end of the lecture, the students should be able to: List the parts of the nervous system. List the function

More information

The Nervous System 7PART B. PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College

The Nervous System 7PART B. PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College The Nervous System 7PART B What is a reflex? What is a reflex? What is meant by the statement that

More information

meninges Outermost layer of the meninge dura mater arachnoid mater pia mater membranes located between bone and soft tissue of the nervous system

meninges Outermost layer of the meninge dura mater arachnoid mater pia mater membranes located between bone and soft tissue of the nervous system membranes located between bone and soft tissue of the nervous system meninges Outermost layer of the meninge dura mater middle layer of the meninges, contains no blood vessels arachnoid mater Innermost

More information

Instructor s Review for Final Exams. The Nervous System

Instructor s Review for Final Exams. The Nervous System Instructor s Review for Final Exams The Nervous System Divisions of the Central Nervous System? Brain and spinal cord. Key word, central. Divisions of the nervous system Central and Peripheral Coverings

More information

Central Nervous System (CNS) -> brain and spinal cord. Major Divisions of the nervous system:

Central Nervous System (CNS) -> brain and spinal cord. Major Divisions of the nervous system: Central Nervous System (CNS) -> brain and spinal cord Major Divisions of the nervous system: Afferent (sensory input) -> cell bodies outside of the central nervous system (CNS), carry info into the CNS

More information

E) A, B, and C Answer: D Topic: Concept 49.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

E) A, B, and C Answer: D Topic: Concept 49.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Chapter 49 Nervous Systems Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Which of the following is (are) characteristic of a simple nervous system? A) a nerve net such as is found in cnidarians B) nerve cell ganglia C)

More information

Organization of The Nervous System PROF. SAEED ABUEL MAKAREM

Organization of The Nervous System PROF. SAEED ABUEL MAKAREM Organization of The Nervous System PROF. SAEED ABUEL MAKAREM Objectives By the end of the lecture, you should be able to: List the parts of the nervous system. List the function of the nervous system.

More information

The CNS and PNS: How is our Nervous System Organized?

The CNS and PNS: How is our Nervous System Organized? Honors Biology Guided Notes Chapter 28 Nervous System Name 28.10 28.19 The CNS and PNS: How is our Nervous System Organized? ANIMAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS Define Cephalization and Centralization. What type of

More information

Chapter 9. Nervous System

Chapter 9. Nervous System Chapter 9 Nervous System Central Nervous System (CNS) vs. Peripheral Nervous System(PNS) CNS Brain Spinal cord PNS Peripheral nerves connecting CNS to the body Cranial nerves Spinal nerves Neurons transmit

More information

Nervous Systems. Chapter 49. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for

Nervous Systems. Chapter 49. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Chapter 49 Nervous Systems PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp Concept

More information

Cell body of sensory neuron in dorsal root ganglion. Hamstring. muscle

Cell body of sensory neuron in dorsal root ganglion. Hamstring. muscle The nervous system In vertebrates The CNS (central nervous system) is composed of the brain and spinal cord The PNS (peripheral nervous system is composed of nerves and ganglia The spinal cord conveys

More information

Human Nervous System. The nervous system has three functions

Human Nervous System. The nervous system has three functions Chapter 37 Human Nervous System The nervous system has three functions 1) Receive sensory input from both external and internal stimuli 2) Perform integration. (Coordinating all of the various inputs of

More information

The Human Brain. I Think Therefore I am

The Human Brain. I Think Therefore I am The Human Brain I Think Therefore I am The Beginning The simplest creatures have very simple nervous systems made up of nothing but a bunch of nerve cells They have neural nets, individual neurons linked

More information

8.3 The Central Nervous System. SBI4U Ms. Ho-Lau

8.3 The Central Nervous System. SBI4U Ms. Ho-Lau 8.3 The Central Nervous System SBI4U Ms. Ho-Lau The Central Nervous System the structural and functional centre for the entire nervous system the site of neural integration and processing The Central

More information

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM CONCEPT 2: THE VERTEBRATE BRAIN IS REGIONALLY SPECIALIZED

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM CONCEPT 2: THE VERTEBRATE BRAIN IS REGIONALLY SPECIALIZED THE NERVOUS SYSTEM CONCEPT 2: THE VERTEBRATE BRAIN IS REGIONALLY SPECIALIZED Images of the human brain in popular culture almost always focus on the cerebrum, the part of the brain whose surface lies just

More information

Chapter 18: The Brain & Cranial Nerves. Origin of the Brain

Chapter 18: The Brain & Cranial Nerves. Origin of the Brain Chapter 18: The Brain & Cranial Nerves BIO 218 Fall 2015 Origin of the Brain The brain originates from a structure called the neural tube, which arises during a developmental stage called neurulation.

More information

action potential afferent neuron Weblike; specifically, the weblike middle layer of the three meninges. arachnoid astrocytes autonomic nervous system

action potential afferent neuron Weblike; specifically, the weblike middle layer of the three meninges. arachnoid astrocytes autonomic nervous system action potential A large transient depolarization event, including polarity reversal, that is conducted along the membrane of a muscle cell or a nerve fiber. afferent neuron Nerve cell that carries impulses

More information

BRAIN PART I (A & B): VENTRICLES & MENINGES

BRAIN PART I (A & B): VENTRICLES & MENINGES BRAIN PART I (A & B): VENTRICLES & MENINGES Cranial Meninges Cranial meninges are continuous with spinal meninges Dura mater: inner layer (meningeal layer) outer layer (endosteal layer) fused to periosteum

More information

Lesson 14. The Nervous System. Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1

Lesson 14. The Nervous System. Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1 Lesson 14 The Nervous System Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1 Structures and Functions of Nerve Cells The nervous system has two principal cell types: Neurons (nerve cells) Glia The functions

More information

14 - Central Nervous System. The Brain Taft College Human Physiology

14 - Central Nervous System. The Brain Taft College Human Physiology 14 - Central Nervous System The Brain Taft College Human Physiology Development of the Brain The brain begins as a simple tube, a neural tube. The tube or chamber (ventricle) is filled with cerebrospinal

More information

Chapter 3. Structure and Function of the Nervous System. Copyright (c) Allyn and Bacon 2004

Chapter 3. Structure and Function of the Nervous System. Copyright (c) Allyn and Bacon 2004 Chapter 3 Structure and Function of the Nervous System 1 Basic Features of the Nervous System Neuraxis: An imaginary line drawn through the center of the length of the central nervous system, from the

More information

Ch 13: Central Nervous System Part 1: The Brain p 374

Ch 13: Central Nervous System Part 1: The Brain p 374 Ch 13: Central Nervous System Part 1: The Brain p 374 Discuss the organization of the brain, including the major structures and how they relate to one another! Review the meninges of the spinal cord and

More information

Parts of the Brain. Hindbrain. Controls autonomic functions Breathing, Heartbeat, Blood pressure, Swallowing, Vomiting, etc. Upper part of hindbrain

Parts of the Brain. Hindbrain. Controls autonomic functions Breathing, Heartbeat, Blood pressure, Swallowing, Vomiting, etc. Upper part of hindbrain Parts of the Brain The human brain is made up of three main parts: 1) Hindbrain (or brainstem) Which is made up of: Myelencephalon Metencephalon 2) Midbrain Which is made up of: Mesencephalon 3) Forebrain

More information

Nervous System. Oct 15 10:00 AM

Nervous System. Oct 15 10:00 AM Nervous System Oct 15 10:00 AM 1 Nerve net = series of interconnected nerve cells Nerve = axons of many nerve cells Oct 15 10:10 AM 2 bilateral organisms exhibit cephalization (evolutionary trend towards

More information

Bellringer: The central nervous system is comprised of: What is the name of the outermost layer of the brain? a. Brain. b.

Bellringer: The central nervous system is comprised of: What is the name of the outermost layer of the brain? a. Brain. b. Bellringer: The central is comprised of: a. Brain b. Spinal cord c. Sensory receptors d. Both a and b What is the name of the outermost layer of the brain? a. Pia mater b. Dura mater c. Arachnoid d. Pons

More information

THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. The Brain & Spinal Cord

THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. The Brain & Spinal Cord THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM The Brain & Spinal Cord Review: Nervous System Parallel Distributed Processing Composition of the CNS Nuclei: Clusters of neurons in the CNS ( neighborhoods ) Fiber Tracts/Pathways:

More information

The neurvous system senses, interprets, and responds to changes in the environment. Two types of cells makes this possible:

The neurvous system senses, interprets, and responds to changes in the environment. Two types of cells makes this possible: NERVOUS SYSTEM The neurvous system senses, interprets, and responds to changes in the environment. Two types of cells makes this possible: the neuron and the supporting cells ("glial cells"). Neuron Neurons

More information

The Nervous System PART B

The Nervous System PART B 7 The Nervous System PART B PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB Central Nervous System

More information

Unit 3 : Nervous System

Unit 3 : Nervous System Unit 3 : Nervous System Mind Map Structural Classification The nervous Tissue Disorders of The nervous system Nervous System Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System The brain Spinal Cord Sensory

More information

Nervous System and Brain Review. Bio 3201

Nervous System and Brain Review. Bio 3201 Nervous System and Brain Review Bio 3201 Dont worry about: glial cells Oligodendrocytes Satelite cells etc Nervous System - Vital to maintaining homeostasis in organisms - Comprised of : brain, spinal

More information

Functional Organization of the Central Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Central Nervous System Functional Organization of the Central Nervous System Hierarchical orgnization CNS consists of the brain and the spinal cord The brain analyzes and interprets the information Response messages are

More information

Nervous System. 1. What N.S. division controls skeletal muscles? 3. What kind of neuroglia myelinates axons in the PNS?

Nervous System. 1. What N.S. division controls skeletal muscles? 3. What kind of neuroglia myelinates axons in the PNS? . What N.S. division controls skeletal muscles? Nervous System SRS Review %. Central nervous system %. Peripheral nervous system %. Afferent division %. Somatic division %. Autonomic division %. Sympathetic

More information

Principles of Anatomy and Physiology

Principles of Anatomy and Physiology Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14 th Edition CHAPTER 14 The Brain and Cranial Nerves Introduction The purpose of the chapter is to: 1. Understand how the brain is organized, protected, and supplied

More information

Lecture - Chapter 13: Central Nervous System

Lecture - Chapter 13: Central Nervous System Lecture - Chapter 13: Central Nervous System 1. Describe the following structures of the brain, what is the general function of each: a. Cerebrum b. Diencephalon c. Brain Stem d. Cerebellum 2. What structures

More information

Chapter 8. The Nervous System

Chapter 8. The Nervous System Chapter 8 The Nervous System The Nervous System Consists of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems Principle Parts of Nervous System Central Nervous System (CNS) Components: brain and spinal cord

More information

1. NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. FUNCTION The major function of the nervous system can be summarized as follows (Figure 1-1).

1. NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. FUNCTION The major function of the nervous system can be summarized as follows (Figure 1-1). 1. NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTION The major function of the nervous system can be summarized as follows (Figure 1-1). Sensory input. Multiple signals from both, internal and external environment are detected

More information

Nervous Systems. 26 April 2017

Nervous Systems. 26 April 2017 Nervous Systems 26 April 2017 Nervous systems consist of circuits of neurons and supporting cells Each single-celled organism can respond to stimuli in its environment Animals are multicellular and most

More information

Biology 3201 Unit 1: Maintaining Dynamic Equilibrium II

Biology 3201 Unit 1: Maintaining Dynamic Equilibrium II Biology 3201 Unit 1: Maintaining Dynamic Equilibrium II Ch. 12 The Nervous System (Introduction and Anatomy) The Nervous System - Introduction Cells, tissues, organs and organ systems must maintain a biological

More information

3.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the nervous system Understand the functions and disorders of the nervous system

3.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the nervous system Understand the functions and disorders of the nervous system 3.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the nervous system 1 3.02 Essential Questions What are the functions of the nervous system? What are some disorders of the nervous system? How are nervous

More information

Human Nervous System

Human Nervous System Human Nervous System A network of interconnected parts that controls behavior & connects us to the world Central Nervous System consists of the brain and spinal cord Peripheral Nervous System consists

More information

Primary Functions. Monitor changes. Integrate input. Initiate a response. External / internal. Process, interpret, make decisions, store information

Primary Functions. Monitor changes. Integrate input. Initiate a response. External / internal. Process, interpret, make decisions, store information NERVOUS SYSTEM Monitor changes External / internal Integrate input Primary Functions Process, interpret, make decisions, store information Initiate a response E.g., movement, hormone release, stimulate/inhibit

More information

Organization and Overview of the Central Nervous System CNS 424. By Prof. Hisham Al-Matubsi

Organization and Overview of the Central Nervous System CNS 424. By Prof. Hisham Al-Matubsi Organization and Overview of the Central Nervous System CNS 424 By Prof. Hisham Al-Matubsi Components Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors Responsible for Sensory perceptions, mental activities,

More information

CNS composed of: Grey matter Unmyelinated axons Dendrites and cell bodies White matter Myelinated axon tracts

CNS composed of: Grey matter Unmyelinated axons Dendrites and cell bodies White matter Myelinated axon tracts CNS composed of: Grey matter Unmyelinated axons Dendrites and cell bodies White matter Myelinated axon tracts The Brain: A Quick Tour Frontal Lobe Control of skeletal muscles Personality Concentration

More information

Unit Three. The brain includes: cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, & cerebellum. The brain lies within the cranial cavity of the skull.

Unit Three. The brain includes: cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, & cerebellum. The brain lies within the cranial cavity of the skull. Human Anatomy & Physiology 11 Divisions of the Nervous System Karen W. Smith, Instructor Unit Three BRAIN & SPINAL CORD Refer to the following URLs. Be sure to study these along with your book. http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/nervous.html

More information

NOTES CHAPTER 9 (Brief) The Nervous System LECTURE NOTES

NOTES CHAPTER 9 (Brief) The Nervous System LECTURE NOTES NOTES CHAPTER 9 (Brief) The Nervous System LECTURE NOTES I. Divisions of the Nervous System two major divisions A. Central Nervous System (CNS) 1. brain 2. spinal cord B. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

More information

Sheep Brain Dissection

Sheep Brain Dissection Sheep Brain Dissection Mammalian brains have many features in common. Human brains may not be available, so sheep brains often are dissected as an aid to understanding the mammalian brain since he general

More information

Nervous system, integration: Overview, and peripheral nervous system:

Nervous system, integration: Overview, and peripheral nervous system: Nervous system, integration: Overview, and peripheral nervous system: Some review & misc. parts [Fig. 28.11B, p. 573]: - white matter --> looks white due to the myelinated sheaths, which are quite fatty.

More information

Biological Bases of Behavior. 3: Structure of the Nervous System

Biological Bases of Behavior. 3: Structure of the Nervous System Biological Bases of Behavior 3: Structure of the Nervous System Neuroanatomy Terms The neuraxis is an imaginary line drawn through the spinal cord up to the front of the brain Anatomical directions are

More information

Central vs. Peripheral Nervous System

Central vs. Peripheral Nervous System Nervous System 2 C 1 2 : A N A L Y Z E T H E F U N C T I O N A L I N T E R R E L A T I O N S H I P S O F T H E D I V I S I O N S O F T H E N E R V O U S S Y S T E M Central vs. Peripheral Nervous System

More information

Anatomy and Physiology (Bio 220) The Brain Chapter 14 and select portions of Chapter 16

Anatomy and Physiology (Bio 220) The Brain Chapter 14 and select portions of Chapter 16 Anatomy and Physiology (Bio 220) The Brain Chapter 14 and select portions of Chapter 16 I. Introduction A. Appearance 1. physical 2. weight 3. relative weight B. Major parts of the brain 1. cerebrum 2.

More information

LESSON 1.2 WORKBOOK How does brain structure impact its function?

LESSON 1.2 WORKBOOK How does brain structure impact its function? DEFINITIONS OF TERMS Central nervous system (CNS) contains the brain and spinal cord. Peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes all the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. For a complete list of defined

More information

1. Processes nutrients and provides energy for the neuron to function; contains the cell's nucleus; also called the soma.

1. Processes nutrients and provides energy for the neuron to function; contains the cell's nucleus; also called the soma. 1. Base of brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing 2. tissue destruction; a brain lesion is a naturally or experimentally caused destruction of brain tissue 3. A thick band of axons that connects the

More information

The Nervous System. Lab Exercise 29. Objectives. Introduction

The Nervous System. Lab Exercise 29. Objectives. Introduction Lab Exercise The Nervous System Objectives -You should be able to recognize a neuron and identify its components. - Be able to identify the principal components of the brain and be able to name at least

More information

The brain: Diencephalon

The brain: Diencephalon The brain: Diencephalon Hypothalamus helps maintain homeostasis (hunger, sleep, thirst, body temperature and water balance) and controls pituitary gland Thalamus 2 masses of gray matter that receive all

More information

Chapter 49 Nervous Systems

Chapter 49 Nervous Systems Chapter 49 Nervous Systems Concept 49.1 Nervous systems consist of circuits of neurons and supporting cells Nervous System Organization The simplest animals with nervous systems, the cnidarians, have neurons

More information

The Nervous System. Chapter 7. Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology. Elaine N. Marieb. Seventh Edition

The Nervous System. Chapter 7. Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology. Elaine N. Marieb. Seventh Edition Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Elaine N. Marieb Seventh Edition Chapter 7 The Nervous System Functions of the Nervous System 1. Sensory input gathering information To monitor changes occurring

More information

stored information, making decisions, and taking action. 1. It is also the center for intellect, emotions, behavior, and memory.

stored information, making decisions, and taking action. 1. It is also the center for intellect, emotions, behavior, and memory. Chapter 14 - Outline I. INTRODUCTION A. The brain is the center for registering sensations, correlating them with one another and with stored information, making decisions, and taking action. 1. It is

More information

Nervous System: An Introduction. HAP Susan Chabot Lemon Bay High School

Nervous System: An Introduction. HAP Susan Chabot Lemon Bay High School Nervous System: An Introduction HAP Susan Chabot Lemon Bay High School Function of the Nervous System 3 overlapping functions SENSORY INPUT - Monitor changes inside and outside of the body; these changes

More information

Page 1. Neurons Transmit Signal via Action Potentials: neuron At rest, neurons maintain an electrical difference across

Page 1. Neurons Transmit Signal via Action Potentials: neuron At rest, neurons maintain an electrical difference across Chapter 33: The Nervous System and the Senses Neurons: Specialized excitable cells that allow for communication throughout the body via electrical impulses Neuron Anatomy / Function: 1) Dendrites: Receive

More information

Bio11: The Nervous System. Body control systems. The human brain. The human brain. The Cerebrum. What parts of your brain are you using right now?

Bio11: The Nervous System. Body control systems. The human brain. The human brain. The Cerebrum. What parts of your brain are you using right now? Bio11: The Nervous System Body control systems Nervous system Quick Sends message directly to target organ Endocrine system Sends a hormone as a messenger to the target organ Can target several organs

More information

Nervous System: An Introduction. HAP Susan Chabot Lemon Bay High School

Nervous System: An Introduction. HAP Susan Chabot Lemon Bay High School Nervous System: An Introduction HAP Susan Chabot Lemon Bay High School Function of the Nervous System 3 overlapping functions SENSORY INPUT - Monitor changes inside and outside of the body; these changes

More information

II. Nervous System (NS) Organization: can be organized by location/ structure or by function A. Structural Organization 1. Central N.S.

II. Nervous System (NS) Organization: can be organized by location/ structure or by function A. Structural Organization 1. Central N.S. Nervous System I. Nervous system Functions A. Detect Changes in the environment (stimuli) B. Interpret/evaluate those stimuli C. Initiate responses (trigger muscle contractions or glandular response) II.

More information

CHAPTER 13 NERVOUS SYSTEM

CHAPTER 13 NERVOUS SYSTEM CHAPTER 13 NERVOUS SYSTEM LEARNING OUTCOMES 13.1 Overview of the Nervous System 1. Distinguish between the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system with regard to location and function. 2.

More information

Topic/Objective: Identify the structures and functions of

Topic/Objective: Identify the structures and functions of Cornell Notes Textbook Diagrams Video notes Topic/Objective: Identify the structures and functions of the human nervous system. Name: Class/Period: Date: Essential Question: How does the nervous system

More information

The Brain. Brain. Spinal Cord. Cauda Equina

The Brain. Brain. Spinal Cord. Cauda Equina The Brain Brain Spinal Cord Cauda Equina The Brain Ventricles- cavities in the brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid connected to the subarachnoid space- fluid filled space surrounding the brain Brain

More information

Chapter 7 The Nervous System

Chapter 7 The Nervous System Chapter 7 The Nervous System Fxns of the Nervous System 1. Sensory input gathering information To monitor Δs occurring inside and outside the body (Δs = stimuli) 2. Integration to process and interpret

More information

Central Nervous System. January 7, 2016

Central Nervous System. January 7, 2016 Central Nervous System January 7, 2016 Anatomy of a neuron Cell Body (soma) Receives information from the soma s extensions (dendrites) Passes on information away from the soma towards extensions (axons)

More information

Central Nervous System

Central Nervous System Central Nervous System January 7, 2016 Anatomy of a neuron Cell Body (soma) Receives information from the soma s extensions (dendrites) Passes on information away from the soma towards extensions (axons)

More information

The Nervous System and the Endocrine System

The Nervous System and the Endocrine System The Nervous System and the Endocrine System Neurons: The Building Blocks of the Nervous System Nervous System The electrochemical communication system of the body Sends messages from the brain to the

More information

Anatomy of the Human Brain

Anatomy of the Human Brain Anatomy of the Human Brain Overview Lobes of the brain (Forebrain) Midbrain/Hindbrain Protection and Blood supply Structure and Function of a neuron Synaptic Transmission Neurotransmitters The brain Most

More information

Central Nervous System

Central Nervous System Anatomy of a neuron Cell Body (soma) Receives information from the soma s extensions (dendrites) Central Nervous System January 7, 2016 Passes on information away from the soma towards extensions (axons)

More information

WHAT ARE the COMPONENTS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM?

WHAT ARE the COMPONENTS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM? The Nervous System WHAT ARE the COMPONENTS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM? The nervous system is made of: the brain & the spinal cord the nerves the senses There are lots of proteins and chemicals in your body

More information

Anatomy & Physiology Central Nervous System Worksheet

Anatomy & Physiology Central Nervous System Worksheet 1. What are the two parts of the CNS? 2. What are the four functions of the CNS Anatomy & Physiology Central Nervous System Worksheet 3. What are the four functions of the meninges? (p430) 4. Starting

More information

Nervous Systems. Nerves are bundles that consist of the axons of multiple nerve cells

Nervous Systems. Nerves are bundles that consist of the axons of multiple nerve cells Chapter 49 Fig. 49-1 Nervous Systems PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan

More information

Chapter 17. Nervous System Nervous systems receive sensory input, interpret it, and send out appropriate commands. !

Chapter 17. Nervous System Nervous systems receive sensory input, interpret it, and send out appropriate commands. ! Chapter 17 Sensory receptor Sensory input Integration Nervous System Motor output Brain and spinal cord Effector cells Peripheral nervous system (PNS) Central nervous system (CNS) 28.1 Nervous systems

More information

Brain-Behavior Network. Central Nervous System. Cerebral Cortex Gyrus and Sulcus. Nervous System

Brain-Behavior Network. Central Nervous System. Cerebral Cortex Gyrus and Sulcus. Nervous System Brain-Behavior Network Nervous System Sensory information comes into and decisions come out of the central nervous system (CNS) Central Nervous System The nerves outside the CNS are called the peripheral

More information

The Nervous System. Functions of the Nervous System input gathering To monitor occurring inside and outside the body Changes =

The Nervous System. Functions of the Nervous System input gathering To monitor occurring inside and outside the body Changes = The Nervous System Functions of the Nervous System input gathering To monitor occurring inside and outside the body Changes = To process and sensory input and decide if is needed output A response to integrated

More information

biological psychology, p. 40 The study of the nervous system, especially the brain. neuroscience, p. 40

biological psychology, p. 40 The study of the nervous system, especially the brain. neuroscience, p. 40 biological psychology, p. 40 The specialized branch of psychology that studies the relationship between behavior and bodily processes and system; also called biopsychology or psychobiology. neuroscience,

More information

Neural Control. Chapter 33 Part 2

Neural Control. Chapter 33 Part 2 Neural Control Chapter 33 Part 2 33.6 A Smorgasbord of Signals Different types of neurons release different neurotransmitters; Parkinson s disease involves dopamine-secreting neurons and motor control

More information

The Nervous System. Biological School. Neuroanatomy. How does a Neuron fire? Acetylcholine (ACH) TYPES OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS

The Nervous System. Biological School. Neuroanatomy. How does a Neuron fire? Acetylcholine (ACH) TYPES OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS Biological School The Nervous System It is all about the body!!!! It starts with an individual nerve cell called a NEURON. Synapse Neuroanatomy Neurotransmitters (chemicals held in terminal buttons that

More information

UNIT 5 REVIEW GUIDE - NERVOUS SYSTEM 1) State the 3 functions of the nervous system. 1) 2) 3)

UNIT 5 REVIEW GUIDE - NERVOUS SYSTEM 1) State the 3 functions of the nervous system. 1) 2) 3) UNIT 5 REVIEW GUIDE - NERVOUS SYSTEM State the 3 functions of the nervous system. Briefly describe the general function(s) of each of the following neuron types: a) SENSORY NEURONS: b) INTERNEURONS: c)

More information

Nervous System C H A P T E R 2

Nervous System C H A P T E R 2 Nervous System C H A P T E R 2 Input Output Neuron 3 Nerve cell Allows information to travel throughout the body to various destinations Receptive Segment Cell Body Dendrites: receive message Myelin sheath

More information

Brain Structures. Some scientists divide the brain up into three parts. Hindbrain Midbrain Forebrain

Brain Structures. Some scientists divide the brain up into three parts. Hindbrain Midbrain Forebrain The Brain Phineas Gage Play The Frontal Lobes and Behavior: The Story of Phineas Gage (12:03) Module #25 from The Brain: Teaching Modules (2 nd edition). http://www.learner.org/resources/series1 42.html

More information