EOR TC QL Q. Factors affecting the quality of life in lung cancer patients measured by EORTC QL Q questionnaire CHEN G Xi2

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1 230 EOR TC QL Q EORTC QLQ 106 t, EORTC QLQ R ;R Factors affecting the quality of life in lung cancer patients measured by EORTC QL Q questionnaire CHEN G Xi2 aolin, ZHOU Deming, L U L iping. Depart ment of Oncology, Jinan Second Hospital, Jinan, S handong , P. R. China Corresponding author : CHEN G Xiaolin, E2m ail : m ail. com Abstract Objective To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of lung cancer patients and to investigate the dif2 ferences in QoL with respect to social and medical characteristics. Methods Structured questionnaires ( EORTC QLQ2C30 and QLQ2LC13) were used in 106 consecutive lung cancer patients for data collection during January 1, 2002 to December 31, The t test and one2way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the dif2 ferences in QoL at a 5 % level of significance. Results The QoL of lung cancer patients were worse than reference value. The QoL of young, male and married patient groups was better than that in old, female and single groups. The QoL in patients with lower education or income was worse than that in patients with high education and in2 come. Small cell lung cancer patients showed poorer QoL than non2small cell lung cancer patients did. The locally advanced or metastatic patients had worse QoL. All the kinds of treatments could worsen the QoL, however, the patients receiving surgical treatment had best QoL. Conclusion The results suggest that the establishment of QoL judgment standard in Chinese lung cancer patients might be useful for clinicians, researchers and policy2makers. Key words Quality of life Lung neoplasms EORTC QLQ, 120, [1 ],,,,80 % [2,3, ] EORTC QLQ, : (, ) ; ; ; 1, : ( :, E2 mail : com) 1. 1

2 231 ( P < 0. 05) PN 1. 2 DI,NV AP FI ( P < 0. 05) 1, Tab 1 The social, physiopathological and treatment, characteristics of the patients Number of, Characteristic patients( %) 1. 3 Age ( gx s = years,min = 32 years,max = 86 years) ( EORTC QLQ2 < 50 years C30), years 35 (33. 0) 28 (26. 4) [4 > 65 years 43 (40. 6) [5 [6 ] Gender, Male 81 (76. 4), Female 25 (23. 6) 5 Marital status Married 70 (66. 0) ( PF RF CF EF Unmarried(Single/ Divorced/ Widowed) 36 (34. 0) SF) 3 ( FA NV Occupation PN) 1 (QoL) 6 ( Farmer 35 (33. 0) D Y SL AP CO DI Factory worker 30 (28. 3) Government employee 24 (22. 6) FI),30 ( E2 Private employee 17 (16. 0) ORTC QLQ2LC13) Education, Primary school or lower 42 (39. 6) [5,7 13 Secondary or high school 48 (45. 3) College or above 16 (15. 1) Family monthly income (yuan), ( gx s = ,Min = 580,Max = 4700) EORTC QLQ2C30 EORTC QLQ2LC13 < (34. 0) (34. 9) > (31. 1) ( ) Type of lung cancer 1. 4 QLQ2C30 QLQ2LC13 NSCLC 0100 SCLC 69 (65. 1) 37 (34. 9) TNM stage, 2 (1. 9), 20 (18. 9) [8 53 (50. 0) (29. 2) Metastasis status, ( SPSS11. 0) Metastasis 36 (34. 0) Adrenal 7 (6. 6) t Liver 4 (3. 8),95 % Bone 9 (8. 5) Brain 16 (15. 1) No metastasis 70 (66. 0) Treatment Surgery 16 (15. 1) Chemotherapy 52 (49. 1) Radiotherapy 12 (11. 3) 106 Combined treatment 26 (24. 5) (3) [9 QLQ2C30 ] EF, PF RF CF QoL ( P <

3 ),FA AP ( PF RF CO ( P < 0. 05) PF EF CF CF) ( ) ( P < ( P < 0. 05), 0. 05), FA NV D Y FI ( FA NV PA D Y SL CO) ( P < ( P < 0. 05) 0. 05) , 2 QLQ2C30, EF Tab 2 Total QLQ2C30 scores of lung cancer patients compared with reference scores EORTC QLQ2C30 item Functional scale QoL score Reference gx 3 Patient gx (s) P value Physical functioning (22. 3) Role functioning (26. 9) Emotional functioning (28. 2) Cognitive functioning (23. 1) Social functioning (25. 5) Globe/ QoL (22. 0) Symptom scale/ item Fatigue (22. 8) Nausea/ vomiting (17. 9) Pain (25. 2) Dyspnea (29. 2) Insomnia (25. 4) Appetite loss (20. 4) Constipation (26. 8) Diarrhea (12. 5) Financial difficulties (31. 3) Resource : EORTC QLQ2C30 reference values. EORTC, Brussels, 1998 [9 ] ; P value by one2sample t test ( P < 0. 05) FI ( P < 0. 05) 2. 4 (4) EF ( P < 0. 05), ( P < 0. 05) ,, ( P < 0. 05) , ( P < 0. 05) ( PF EF CF) ( P < 0. 05),, ( P < 0. 05), ( P < 0. 05) (5) 3 EORTC QLQ2C30 Tab 3 Mean scores on scales and items of EORTC QLQ2C30 for lung cancer patients by demographic characteristics Demographic characteristic n Functional scale # QoL # Symptom scale Single item PF RF EF CF SF FA NV PN D Y SL AP CO DI FI Age (year) < > a a a a a a a Gender Male Female b b b b b b b b b Marital status Married Unmarried b b b b b b b Education Primary Secondary College a a a a a a Family monthly income(yuan) < > a a a # : High score indicates better function ; : High score indicates more symptoms ; a : P < by one2way ANOVA ; b : P < by independent2samples t test ; PF = Physical functioning ; RF = Role functioning ; EF = Emotional functioning ; CF = Cognitive functioning ; SF = Social functioning ; QoL = Global health status/ QoL ; FA = Fatigue ; NV = Nausea and vomiting ; PN = Pain ; D Y = Dyspnea ; SL = Insomnia ; AP = Appetite loss ; CO = Constipation ; DI = Di2 arrhea ; FI = Financial difficulties

4 233 Disease/ treatment characteristic Type 4 EORTC QLQ2C30 Tab 4 Mean scores on scales and items of EORTC QLQ2C30 for lung cancer patients n by disease and treatment characteristics Functional scale PF RF EF CF SF QoL Symptom scale FA NV PN Single item D Y SL AP CO DI FI NSCLC SCLC b b b b b b b b b b TNM stage a a a a a a a a a a a a a Metastasis status Metastasis No metastasis b b b b b b b b b b Treatment Surgery Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Combined a a a a a a a : P < by one2way ANOVA ; b : P < by independent2samples t test QLQ2LC13 item 5 EORTC QLQ2LC13 Tab 5 Comparison of EORTC QLQ2LC13 scores in lung cancer patients among different treatment groups gx ( s) Surgery Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Combined Number of patients Dyspnea (28. 9) (23. 3) (15. 8) (23. 4) bc Coughing (44. 8) (21. 9) f (4 E215) (30. 9) Hemoptysis 0. 0 (0. 0) 1. 5 (6. 9) 3. 3 (10. 5) (16. 6) abc Sore mouth 7. 7 (20. 0) 6. 7 (15. 2) (31. 4) ef (29. 6) ab Dysphagia (25. 6) (19. 6) (23. 3) (27. 7) ab Peripheral neuropathy (25. 9) (18. 3) 6. 7 (14. 1) (29. 6) abc Alopecia (32. 2) (34. 1) bdf (17. 6) (27. 7) Pain in chest (25. 9) (16. 8) 3. 3 (10. 5) (27. 1) bc Pain in arm or shoulder (25. 6) (15. 6) 3. 3 (10. 5) (31. 5) bc Pain in other parts (17. 3) 6. 7 (13. 5) 3. 3 (10. 5) (30. 9) b P value 1 a : P < between surgery and combined groups ; b : P < between chemotherapy and combined groups ; c : P < between radiotherapy and com2 bined groups ; d : P < between surgery and chemotherapy groups ; e : P < between surgery and radiotherapy groups ; f : P < between chemotherapy and radiotherapy groups ; 1 : P value by one2way ANOVA 3, [9 ] 1970 EF Carlens [10 ], 50 EORTC, QLQ2C30 QLQ2LC13, QLQ2C30 ( ) 3, QLQ2LC13, 3. 1, 3. 2

5 234 Mao [26 ], Hjermstad [11 ] Michel2 son [12 ],, SF236, 8 4, [13,14 ] [15,16 ], EF Skarstein [17 ] 3. 3,,,,, 90 %, [11 ] Michelson [12 ] 617 Alexiou [18 ] 5, 5 EORTC, Bouchardy [19 ] Penson [25 ] [9 ],,, [20,21 ],, Wolf [27 ] Ganz [22 ] 40, : ;, ;, , 5. 1 (30 %) 106, 16 (15. 1 %), 36 [28 ], EF,Michelson [12 ] 3. 4,,,, Litwin, [23 ] ;Li [24 ],, ; Penson [25 ], ( FI),

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