Applicazione Clinica: Polmone

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2 Applicazione Clinica: Polmone Andrea Riccardo Filippi Dipar5mento di Oncologia Università di Torino

3 A technique for delivering external beam radiotherapy i. with a high degree of accuracy to an extra-cranial target, ii. using high doses of irradiation, iii. in 1-8 treatment fractions. 4-D imaging Sophisticated plans CT scan on treatment couch Delivery in <4 mins (FFF) S. Senan, M. Guckemberger, U. Ricardi Stage I NSCLC and oligometasta5c disease The IASLC Mul5disciplinary approach to Thoracic Oncology, 2014

4 SABR for peripheral lung tumors ESMO Clinical Prac5ce Guidelines 2013: SABR is the non surgical treatment of choice (dose to a biologically equivalent tumor dose > 100 Gy) NCCN guidelines (version ): non surgical treatment of choice

5 SABR for Stage I NSCLC: phase II studies Loo et al, Discovery Medicine 2011 UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI TORINO

6 Mono- ins5tu5onal largest study, with/without histological diagnosis 676 pa5ents Median follow- up 5me: 32.9 months Senthi et al, Lancet Oncol 2012 UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI TORINO

7 German Society for Radia5on Oncology (DEGRO) Observa5onal Mul5centric Study years 47.1% [Guckenberger et al, JTO 2013]

8 SABR in stage I histologically proven NSCLC: an Italian mul5center observa5onal study 2B OVERALL SURVIVAL 1,0 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 OVERALL SURVIVAL % 1 year: 94.0 % 2 years: 81.6 % 3 years: ,0,00 12,00 24,00 36,00 48,00 60,00 72,00 84,00 96,00 Time since enrollement (months) Ricardi et al, Lung Cancer 2014 Number at risk

9 SABR 2014: surgical viewpoints Await results of randomized clinical trials Late local recurrences may be a problem Upstaging occult nodal disease is beneficial SABR is equivalent to a wedge excision

10 Trials of surgery versus SABR Morganaki D, unpublished

11 SPACE - A - A randomized study of of SABR vs vs modern convenuonal RT RT (3D- CRT) in in medically inoperable stage I I NSCLC From 2007 to pa5ents Results ARM A MST 41.3 months 2 years 3 years 34% Pneumoni5s (any G) 16% Esophagi5s 9% R ARM A: SABR (66 Gy/ 3 fr) ARM B: 3D- CRT (70 Gy/ 35 fr) ARM B MST 42.1 months 2 years 3 years 34% Pneumoni5s (any G) 34% Esophagi5s 32% SABR is much more convenient for the pa5ent and more cost effec5ve standard treatment for inoperable pa5ents with stage I NSCLC Nyman J et al, ESTRO 2014 (abstract)

12 SABR - some surgical viewpoints Await results of randomized clinical trials Late local recurrences may be a problem Upstaging occult nodal disease is beneficial SABR is equivalent to a wedge excision

13 Recurrences following surgery (n= 1294 pts) Lou F, JTCVS 2012

14 Time to distant failure Senthi et al, Lancet Oncol 2012

15 Murthy SC et al, Ann Thorac Surg 2010 N = 285 pa5ents from Cleveland Clinic

16 SABR - some surgical viewpoints Await results of randomized clinical trials Late local recurrences may be a problem Upstaging occult nodal disease is beneficial SABR is equivalent to a wedge excision

17 Stage I NSCLC: Recurrence paherns Propensity score- matched analysis of stage I- II NSCLC treated using either SABR or VATS- lobectomy 86 VATS- lobectomy and 527 SABR pa5ents eligible Nodal staging in VATS group in accordance with ESTS guidelines Matching covariates: Gender - Age ctnm - Tumor diameter Histology - Tumor loca8on FEV 1% - WHO score Charlson comorbidity Verstegen et al, Annals of Oncology 2013

18 Common terminology for recurrences Propensity- score matched analysis [Verstegen NE, 2013]: Locoregional control was defined as the absence of a recurrence adjacent to the surgical margin or planning target volume, and/or in the ipsilateral hilum/ medias5num ACCP- STS, Chest 2012

19 Propensity score- matched analysis Verstegen et al, Annals of Oncology 2013

20 Propensity score- matched analysis Verstegen et al, Annals of Oncology 2013

21 SABR - some surgical viewpoints Await results of randomized clinical trials Late local recurrences may be a problem Upstaging occult nodal disease is beneficial SABR is equivalent to a wedge excision

22 SABR is not comparable to wedge excision Grills I, JCO 2010: Outcomes of SABR or wedge excision at single- ins5tu5on Freedom from local failure Freedom from regional failure

23 T1, GOLD I- IV T2, GOLD I- II R&O, 2011

24 Stage I- II NSCLC and severe COPD? Systema5c Review: Eligible pa5ents had to have GOLD III- IV or a predicted postopera5ve FEV 1 of 40% Palma D et al, IJROBP 2012

25 Palma et al, JCO 2010

26 Prognos5c factors?

27 Cox Regression Mul5variable Analysis on Histologically Proven NSCLC in Italian observa5onal cohort study Table 3 Multivariate analysis. Parameter LR DFS OS CSS HR (95% CI) p HR (95% CI) p HR (95% CI) p HR (95% CI) p Stage IB vs IA 0.55 ( ) ( ) * 2.46 ( ) * 3.47 ( ) * GTV volume >13 cc vs 13 cc 4.4 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 0.45 Sex Male vs Female 0.5 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 0.61 Age >75 years vs 75 years 0.6 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 0.49 Histology Adenocarcinoma vs others 2.42 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 0.69 Abbreviations: LR, local recurrence; DFS, disease-free survival; OS, overall survival; CSS, cancer-specific survival; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval. 3A CANCER SPECIFIC SURVIVAL 3B OVERALL SURVIVAL 1,0 - Stage IA - Stage IB 1,0 - Stage IA - Stage IB 0,8 0,8 0,6 0,6 0,4 0,4 0,2 0,2 Log rank p < Log rank p < ,0 0,0,00 12,00 24,00 36,00 48,00 60,00 72,00 84,00 96,00 Time since enrollement (months) Number at risk Stage IA Stage IB ,00 12,00 24,00 36,00 48,00 60,00 72,00 84,00 96,00 Time since enrollement (months) Number at risk Stage IA Stage IB

28 Mul5variate analysis form the DEGRO Observa5onal Mul5centric Study Guckenberger et al, JTO 2013

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30 Toxicity and Quality of Life

31 Poor baseline PFT did not predict decreased OS FEV1 mean decline 5.8%; DLCO mean decline 6.3% (SS at 6 weeks and 3 months) Minimal changes of arterial blood gases and no decline in oxygen saturation Stanic S et al, IJROBP 2014

32 SABR and Quality of Life No declines in QoL reported after SABR van der Voort van Zyp NC, IJROBP 2010 Widder J, IJROBP 2011 Lagerwaard F, JTO 2012 Videtic GM, Support Care Cancer 2013

33 Quality of Life self assessed Lagerwaard et al, JTO 2012

34 SABR in Lung Mets

35 Before tumors metastasize When combined with adjuvant therapies for the treatment of micrometasta5c disease To eradicate oligometastases To poten5ally eradicate residual disease aver effec5ve systemic treatments SABR is one of the best treatment opuons, with increasing potenual Nature Clin Pract Oncol, 2005

36 Clinical Trials on SABR for Lung Oligometastases Schulz, Filippi et al, J Thor Oncol 2014

37 Consecu5ve pa5ents treated between 2007 and 2010 (68 PME and 42 SABR) PME: first choice S A B R : s e c o n d b e s t alterna8ve 3- ys OS years acer SABR: 60% 3- ys OS acer PME: 62% Widder et al, R&O, 2013

38 Aknowledgements Thoracic Oncology Unit University of Torino Radia5on Oncology: Cris5na Mantovani, Alessia Guarneri, Serena Badellino, Umberto Ricardi Medical Oncology: Lucio Buffoni, Silvia Novello, Giorgio V. Scagliow Thoracic Surgery: Enrico Ruffini Pneumology: Paolo Solidoro

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