Index. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.

Transcription

1 Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Abdominoperineal excision, of rectal cancer, current controversies in, extent of perineal dissection and removal of pelvic floor, positioning of patient for, reconstruction of pelvic floor, extralevator, intersphincteric, 99 ischioanal, new concept of, problems with convention synchronous combined, Adenomas, detection rate with colonoscopy, 3 4 avoiding missed, 6 7 reasons for missed, 4 Adjuvant chemotherapy, for colorectal cancer, challenges and barriers to, importance of timing, Age, and functional consequences of colorectal cancer management, , , 137 Anatomy, rectal, relevant to imaging in rectal cancer, Antibiotics, prophylactic, in colon and rectal cancer surgery, B Bowel dysfunction, after treatment of colorectal cancer, colon cancer, 128 patient factors, rectal cancer, 128 treatment factors, tumor factors, 129 C Cancer prevention, role of colonoscopy in, 2 3 Central vascular ligation, with complete mesocolic excision, Chemoradiation, in rectal cancer, management of complete response after, assessing response, defining complete response, 114 future studies, interpreting the literature, neoadjuvant, of rectal cancer, controversies in, choice of drugs and combination with radiation, Surg Oncol Clin N Am 23 (2014) surgonc.theclinics.com /14/$ see front matter ª 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

2 162 Chemoradiation (continued ) efficacy of endocavitary radiation, 86 optimum timing of surgery after radiation, preferred radiation protocol for superficial cancers, 86 protocol of, efficacy and toxicity, 81 radiation use in all cases or on selective basis only, 85 Chemotherapy, adjuvant, for colorectal cancer, challenges and barriers to, importance of timing, neoadjuvant radiation and, for rectal cancer, with radiation for rectal cancer, management of complete response after, Colectomy, single-incision laparoscopic, 43 Colon cancer. See also Colorectal cancer. adequacy of colon resection in, complete mesocolic excision with central vascular ligation, current surgical practice for, 26 evidence to support, how can we improve outcome of, 28 improved lymph node yield and survival, which lymph nodes do tumors spread to, functional consequences of management, bowel function, future improvements in, sexual function, urinary function, laparoscopy for, controversies in, long-term oncologic outcomes, operative and short-term outcomes, technical quality factors in surgery for, adjuvant chemotherapy, 12 en bloc resection for T4 lesions, 12 laparoscopy, 12 lymphadenectomy and vessel ligation, prophylactic oophorectomy, 12 synchronous cancers, 12 Colonoscopy, 1 9 adenoma detection rates, 3 4 aims of, 2 and cancer prevention, 2 3 avoiding missed lesions, 6 7 bowel preparation, 6 instrumental and technical measures, 7 pattern recognition, 6 reinforcements, 7 technique, 6 in high-risk colons, 5 6 miss rates, 3 reasons for missing adenomas, 4 serrated polyp detection, 4 5 Colorectal cancer, abdominoperineal excision of rectal cancer,

3 current controversies in, extralevator, intersphincteric, 99 ischioanal, new concept of, problems with convention synchronous combined, adjuvant chemotherapy for, challenges and barriers to, importance of timing, chemoradiation in rectal cancer, management of complete response, assessing response, defining complete response, 114 future studies, interpreting the literature, colon resection, complete mesocolic excision with central vascular ligation, current surgical practice for, 26 evidence to support, how can we improve outcome of, 28 improved lymph node yield and survival, which lymph nodes do tumors spread to, colonoscopy, 1 9 adenoma detection rates, 3 4 aims of, 2 and cancer prevention, 2 3 avoiding missed lesions, 6 7 bowel preparation, 6 instrumental and technical measures, 7 pattern recognition, 6 reinforcements, 7 technique, 6 in high-risk colons, 5 6 miss rates, 3 reasons for missing adenomas, 4 serrated polyp detection, 4 5 functional consequences of management, bowel function, future improvements in, sexual function, urinary function, imaging in rectal cancer, laparoscopy for, controversies in, colon cancer, conversion rates, cost-effectiveness, 41 in the elderly,

4 164 Colorectal (continued) learning curve for, 42 lymph node harvest, 41 obesity and, 41 pelvic nerves, 42 rectal cancer, robotic surgery for rectal cancer, 43 single-incision laparoscopic colectomy, 43 neoadjuvant chemoradiation of rectal cancer, choice of drugs and combination with radiation, efficacy of endocavitary radiation, 86 optimum timing of surgery after radiation, preferred radiation protocol for superficial cancers, 86 protocol of, efficacy and toxicity, 81 radiation use in all cases or on selective basis only, 85 newly diagnosed, with synchronous stage 4 disease, approach to stage 4 metastasis, to liver, to lung, 158 to peritoneum, detecting the synchronous tumor, need for immediate palliative surgery for primary tumor, type and extent of metastatic disease, quality assurance in surgery for, appropriate prophylactic antibiotic use, impact of postoperative complications, system quality factors, technical factors, colon cancer, rectal cancer, venous thromboembolism prevention, Complete clinical response, management of, in rectal cancer after chemoradiation, assessing response, defining complete response, 114 future studies, interpreting the literature, Complete mesocolic excision, with central vascular ligation, Cost-effectiveness, of laparoscopy in colon and rectal cancer, 41 E Elderly patients, laparoscopy for colon and rectal cancer in, Endocavitary radiation, efficacy in rectal cancer, 86 Endorectal ultrasonography (ERUS), vs. MRI in rectal cancer, Extralevator abdominoperineal resection (ELAPE), for rectal cancer,

5 165 pelvic dissection in, perineal part of, F Familial adenomatous polyposis, colonoscopy in patients with attenuated, 5 6 Functional consequences, of colorectal cancer management, bowel function, future improvements in, sexual function, urinary function, G Gender, and functional consequences of colorectal cancer management, 129, 134, I Imaging, in rectal cancer, MRI vs. endorectal ultrasonography, Impotence, after colorectal cancer. See Sexual dysfunction. Incontinence, after colorectal cancer. See Bowel dysfunction and Urinary dysfunction. Ischioanal abdominoperineal resection, for rectal cancer, perineal part of, L Laparoscopy, for colorectal cancer, controversies in, colon cancer, conversion rates, cost-effectiveness, 41 in the elderly, learning curve for, 42 lymph node harvest, 41 obesity and, 41 pelvic nerves, 42 rectal cancer, robotic surgery for rectal cancer, 43 single-incision laparoscopic colectomy, 43 Learning curve, for laparoscopy for colon and rectal cancer, 42 Liver, stage 4 colorectal cancer metastasis to, Lung, stage 4 colorectal cancer metastasis to, 158 Lymph nodes, harvest of, laparoscopic vs. open, 41 improved yield and improved survival in colon cancer, nodal metastases in rectal cancer, MRI vs. ERUS in detection of, 74 spread of colonic tumors to, Lynch syndrome, colonoscopy in patients with, 5 6

6 166 M Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), vs. endorectal ultrasonography in rectal cancer, Mesocolic excision, complete, with central vascular ligation, Mesorectal fascia, MRI vs. ERUS in detection of neoplastic involvement, Metastasis, approach to newly diagnosed colorectal cancer with synchronous stage 4 disease, approach to stage 4 metastasis, to liver, to lung, 158 to peritoneum, detecting the synchronous tumor, need for immediate palliative surgery for primary tumor, nodal, MRI vs. ERUS in diagnosis of in rectal cancer, 74 type and extent of metastatic disease, Missed lesions, on colonoscopy, 1 9 rate of, 3 reasons for, 4 ways to avoid, 6 7 bowel preparation, 6 instrumental and technical measures, 7 pattern recognition, 6 reinforcements, 7 technique, 6 N Neoadjuvant therapy, chemoradiation of rectal cancer, controversies in, choice of drugs and combination with radiation, efficacy of endocavitary radiation, 86 optimum timing of surgery after radiation, preferred radiation protocol for superficial cancers, 86 protocol of, efficacy and toxicity, 81 radiation use in all cases or on selective basis only, 85 management of complete response after chemoradiation in rectal cancer, assessing response, defining complete response, 114 future studies, interpreting the literature, Nerve damage, risk of, in laparoscopy for colon and rectal cancer, 42 O Obesity, impact on laparoscopy in colon and rectal cancer, 41 Outcomes, improvement of, in colon cancer surgery, 28 quality assurance in colon and rectal cancer surgery, appropriate prophylactic antibiotic use, 15 16

7 167 impact of postoperative complications, system quality factors, technical factors, colon cancer, rectal cancer, venous thromboembolism prevention, P Peritoneum, stage 4 colorectal cancer metastasis to, Polyps, serrated, detection on colonoscopy, 4 5 Postoperative complications, impact on colon and rectal cancer surgery, Prophylactic antibiotics, appropriate use in colon and rectal cancer surgery, Q Quality assurance, in colon and rectal cancer surgery, appropriate prophylactic antibiotic use, impact of postoperative complications, system quality factors, technical factors, colon cancer, rectal cancer, venous thromboembolism prevention, R Radiation therapy, neoadjuvant with chemotherapy, of rectal cancer, choice of drugs and combination with, efficacy of endocavitary, 86 optimum timing of surgery after, preferred radiation protocol for superficial cancers, 86 protocol of, efficacy and toxicity, 81 radiation use in all cases or on selective basis only, 85 with chemotherapy for rectal cancer, management of complete response after, Rectal cancer. See also Colorectal cancer. abdominoperineal excision of, current controversies in, extralevator, intersphincteric, 99 ischioanal, new concept of, problems with convention synchronous combined, functional consequences of management, bowel function, future improvements in, sexual function, urinary function, imaging in, MRI vs. endorectal ultrasonography, 59 77

8 168 Rectal (continued ) laparoscopy for, controversies in, long-term outcomes, 40 short-term outcomes, management of complete response after chemoradiation, assessing response, defining complete response, 114 future studies, interpreting the literature, neoadjuvant chemoradiation of, controversies in, choice of drugs and combination with radiation, efficacy of endocavitary radiation, 86 optimum timing of surgery after radiation, preferred radiation protocol for superficial cancers, 86 protocol of, efficacy and toxicity, 81 radiation use in all cases or on selective basis only, 85 robotic surgery for, 43 technical quality factors in surgery for, abdominoperineal resection technique, 14 laparoscopy, 14 local excision, 13 lymphadenectomy, 14 margins, 14 neoadjuvant chemoradiation, 13 staging, 13 total mesorectal excision, vascular ligation, 13 Robotic surgery, for rectal cancer, 43 S Serrated polyps, detection on colonoscopy, 4 5 Sexual dysfunction, after treatment of colorectal cancer, colon cancer, patient factors, rectal cancer, 133 treatment factors, tumor factors, 134 Staging, of rectal cancer, MRI vs. ERUS in, Surgery, for colorectal cancer, abdominoperineal excision of rectal cancer, current controversies in, extralevator, intersphincteric, 99 ischioanal, new concept of, problems with convention synchronous combined, colon resection, complete mesocolic excision with central vascular ligation, 28 29

9 169 current surgical practice for, 26 how can we improve outcome of, 28 improved lymph node yield and survival, which lymph nodes do tumors spread to, laparoscopic, controversies in, colon cancer, conversion rates, cost-effectiveness, 41 in the elderly, learning curve for, 42 lymph node harvest, 41 obesity and, 41 pelvic nerves, 42 rectal cancer, robotic surgery for rectal cancer, 43 single-incision laparoscopic colectomy, 43 quality assurance in surgery for, appropriate prophylactic antibiotic use, impact of postoperative complications, system quality factors, technical factors, venous thromboembolism prevention, Synchronous stage 4 disease, in patient with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer, approach to stage 4 metastasis, to liver, to lung, 158 to peritoneum, detecting the synchronous tumor, need for immediate palliative surgery for primary tumor, type and extent of metastatic disease, T Timing of treatment, for adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer, for surgery after neoadjuvant radiation for rectal cancer, U Ultrasonography, endorectal (ERUS), vs. MRI in rectal cancer, Urgency, after colorectal cancer. See Urinary dysfunction. Urinary dysfunction, after treatment of colorectal cancer, colon cancer, 137 patient factors, rectal cancer, 137 treatment factors, tumor factors, 138

10 170 V Vascular ligation, central, with complete mesocolic excision, Venous thromboembolism prevention, appropriate use in colon and rectal cancer surgery, 16 17