Index. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.

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1 Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Abdominal radiotherapy, toxic effects of, Acute promyelocytic leukemia, associated with acquired bleeding problems, Acute renal failure. See Renal complications. Adjunct therapies, for cerebral edema and increased cranial pressure in cancer patients, 519 Adjuvant analgesics, with opioid therapy for cancer pain, Adrenal infarction, special issues in cancer patients, 495 Aminoglycosides, acute renal failure in cancer patients due to, Amphotericin B, acute renal failure in cancer patients due to, 572 Analgesia. See Pain. Angiography, computed tomographic (CTA), for pulmonary embolism diagnosis, 490 Anticoagulation, in cancer patients with thrombocytopenia, 494 Antiplatelet agents, acquired bleeding problems in cancer patients caused by, 616 Antithrombotic therapy, acquired bleeding problems in cancer patients due to complications of, antiplatelet agents, 616 fibrinolytic agents, 618 heparin, new agents, 618 warfarin, Apoplexy, pituitary, acute stroke in cancer patients due to, 525 Azotemia, renal complications in cancer patients, epidemiology, management, 573 postrenal, extrarenal obstruction, intrarenal obstruction, 573 prerenal, 568 renal, complications due to bone marrow transplant, 572 contrast agent nephropathy, 572 malignant infiltration, 568 nephrotoxic drugs, tumor lysis syndrome, B Bleeding problems, acquired, in cancer patients, approach to, laboratories, patient review, 603 Hematol Oncol Clin N Am 24 (2010) doi: /s (10) hemonc.theclinics.com /10/$ see front matter ª 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

2 660 Bleeding (continued) coagulation factor-related bleeding, acquired factor VIII inhibitors, 607 acquired von Willebrand disease, 607 disseminated intravascular coagulation, complications of antithrombotic therapy, antiplatelet agents, 616 fibrinolytic agents, 618 heparin, new agents, 618 warfarin, massive transfusion therapy, complications of, 606 recombinant factor VIIa, platelet numbers and function, drug-induced hemolytic disseminated intravascular coagulation syndromes, drug-induced thrombocytopenia, 608 heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, 610 immune thrombocytopenia, 608 in the platelet refractory patient, post-transfusion thrombocytopenia, 608 therapy-related TTP/hemolytic uremic syndrome, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, uremia, 613 specific hematological cancers associated with, acute promyelocytic leukemia, dysproteinemias, myeloproliferative syndromes, 615 other leukemias and myelodysplastic syndromes, 615 Bone marrow transplant, nephropathy in cancer patients due to complications of, 572 Brain tumors, thrombosis in patients with primary or metastases, Budd-Chiari syndrome, special issues in cancer patients, 495 C Cancer, emergencies related to, acquired bleeding problems, cancer-related pain, electrolyte complications of malignancy, malignant epidural spinal cord compression, myeloproliferative disorders and hyperviscosity syndrome, neurologic, acute stroke, altered mental status, cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure, leptomeningeal metastases, paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes, seizures, neutropenic enterocolitis, radiation therapy-related toxicity, renal complications,

3 661 superior vena cava syndrome, venous thrombotic, Cardiac toxicity, radiation therapy-related, 638 Central nervous system toxicity, radiation therapy-related, Cerebral edema, and increased cranial pressure in cancer patients, adjunct therapies, 519 corticosteroids, hyperventilation, 519 osmotherapy, 519 Cerebral metastases, hemorrhagic, acute stroke in cancer patients due to, 525 Cerebral vein thrombosis, special issues in cancer patients, Chemotherapy, agents implicated in neutropenic enterocolitis, for superior vena cava syndrome in cancer patients, 507 Coagulation factor-related bleeding, acquired, in cancer patients, acquired factor VIII inhibitors, 607 acquired von Willebrand disease, 607 disseminated intravascular coagulation, Computed tomography (CT), CT angiography (CTA), for pulmonary embolism diagnosis, 490 diagnostic, in neutropenic enterocolitis, Constipation, prophylaxis against, with opioid therapy for cancer pain, 654 Contrast agents, nephropathy in cancer patients due to, 572 Corticosteroids, for cerebral edema and increased cranial pressure in cancer patients, for malignant epidural spinal cord compression, 541 Cross-tolerance, in opioid therapy for cancer pain, 650 Cyclosporine, acute renal failure in cancer patients due to, 571 D D-dimer assays, for pulmonary embolism/deep vein thrombosis, Deep vein thrombosis, in cancer patients, diagnostic tests, duration and choice of therapy, 493 immediate therapy, natural history, 487 pathophysiology, Delirium, in cancer patients, Disseminated intravascular coagulation, bleeding in cancer patients due to, drug-induced hemolytic, bleeding problems in cancer patients due to, Doppler ultrasound, for deep vein thrombosis diagnosis, 490 Double effect, with opioid therapy for cancer pain, 649 Drug-induced hemolytic disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, bleeding problems in cancer patients due to, Drug-induced thrombocytopenia, bleeding problems in cancer patients due to, 609 Drugs, nephrotoxic, acute renal failure in cancer patients due to, aminoglycosides, cyclosporine, 571 tacrolimus, 571 opioid therapy for cancer-related pain, Dysproteinemias, acquired bleeding problems associated with,

4 662 E Electrolyte complications, of malignancy, hypercalcemia, hypoglycemia of malignancy, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypophosphatemia, 563 osmotic demyelination syndrome, Emboli, pulmonary, in cancer patients, septic, acute stroke in cancer patients due to, 525 tumor, acute stroke in cancer patients due to, Emergencies, cancer-related, acquired bleeding problems, cancer-related pain, electrolyte complications of malignancy, malignant epidural spinal cord compression, myeloproliferative disorders and hyperviscosity syndrome, neurologic, acute stroke, altered mental status, cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure, leptomeningeal metastases, paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes, seizures, neutropenic enterocolitis, radiation therapy-related toxicity, renal complications, superior vena cava syndrome, venous thrombotic, Endarteritis, radiation therapy-related, 638 Endobronchial ultrasound-guided biopsy, superior vena cava syndrome in cancer patients, Endocarditis, nonbacterial thrombotic, acute stroke in cancer patients due to, Endovascular stenting, for superior vena cava syndrome in cancer patients, Enterocolitis, neutropenic, in cancer patients, background and state of the evidence, clinical presentation and risk factors, medical vs. surgical treatment, role of diagnostic imaging, Epidural spinal cord compression, malignant. See Spinal cord compression. Erythrocytosis, in cancer patients, F Factor VIII inhibitors, acquired, bleeding in cancer patients due to, 607 Fibrinolytic agents, acquired bleeding problems in cancer patients caused by, 618 Fibrosis, radiation therapy-related toxicity, 627 H Head and neck cancer, radiation therapy-related toxicity,

5 663 Hematological cancers, associated with acquired bleeding problems in patients with, dysproteinemias, myeloproliferative syndromes, 615 other leukemias and myelodysplastic syndromes, 615 Hemolytic-uremic syndrome, bleeding problems in cancer patients due to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and, Hemorrhagic cerebral metastases, acute stroke in cancer patients due to, 525 Heparin, acquired bleeding problems in cancer patients caused by, low-molecular-weight, for pulmonary embolism/deep vein thrombosis in cancer patients, Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, bleeding problems in cancer patients due to, 611 Hypercalcemia, in cancer patients, Hyperleukocytosis, in cancer patients, Hyperventilation, for cerebral edema and increased cranial pressure in cancer patients, 519 Hyperviscosity syndrome, myeloproliferative disorders and, related to hyperproteinemia, Hypoglycemia of malignancy, Hypomagnesemia, in cancer patients, Hyponatremia, in cancer patients, Hypophosphatemia, in cancer patients, 563 I Imaging studies, diagnostic, in neutropenic enterocolitis, superior vena cava syndrome in cancer patients, Immune thrombocytopenia, bleeding problems in cancer patients due to, 609 Infiltration, malignant, acute renal failure in cancer patients due to, 568 Intracranial pressure, increased, and cerebral edema in cancer patients, K Kidneys. See Renal complications. Kyphoplasty, percutaneous, for malignant epidural spinal cord compression, 547 L Leptomeningeal metastases, in cancer patients, Leukemia, acute promyelocytic, acquired bleeding problems associated with, pediatric, neutropenic enterocolitis as complication of, Low-molecular-weight heparin, for pulmonary embolism/deep vein thrombosis in cancer patients, Lung cancer, superior vena cava syndrome in patients with, Lymphoma, superior vena cava syndrome in patients with, M Malignant epidural spinal cord compression. See Spinal cord compression. Malignant pain, assessment of, Mental status, altered, in cancer patients, delirium, nonconvulsive status epilepticus, 521

6 664 Metastases, hemorrhagic cerebral, acute stroke in cancer patients due to, 525 leptomeningeal, in cancer patients, Myelodysplastic syndromes, acquired bleeding problems associated with, 615 Myeloproliferative disorders, in cancer patients, erythrocytosis and polycythemia vera, hyperleukocytosis, hyperviscosity syndrome related to hyperproteinemia, thrombocytosis, Myeloproliferative syndromes, acquired bleeding problems associated with, 615 N Naloxone, for reversal of opioid therapy for cancer pain, 649 Nephrotoxic drugs, acute renal failure in cancer patients due to, aminoglycosides, cyclosporine, 571 tacrolimus, 571 Neurologic emergencies, in cancer patients, acute stroke, altered mental status, cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure, leptomeningeal metastases, paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes, seizures, Neutropenic enterocolitis, in cancer patients, background and state of the evidence, clinical presentation and risk factors, medical vs. surgical treatment, role of diagnostic imaging, Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, acute stroke in cancer patients due to, O Obstruction, postrenal azotemia in cancer patients due to, extrarenal, intrarenal, 573 Opioid therapy, for cancer-related pain, adjuvant analgesics, bolus effect, 651 breakthrough dosing, 651 cross-tolerance, dosing strategies, 650 non-recommended opioids, pharmacology, prophylaxis against constipation, rapid titration in the emergency department, respiratory depression, naloxone, and double effect, routes of administration, side effects, 654 Osmotherapy, for cerebral edema and increased cranial pressure in cancer patients, 519 Osmotic demyelination syndrome, in cancer patients,

7 665 P Pain, cancer-related, assessment of, opioid therapy for, adjuvant analgesics, bolus effect, 651 breakthrough dosing, 651 cross-tolerance, dosing strategies, 650 non-recommended opioids, pharmacology, prophylaxis against constipation, rapid titration in the emergency department, respiratory depression, naloxone, and double effect, routes of administration, side effects, 654 treatment strategies, WHO stepladder for, Paraneoplastic syndromes, neurologic, Pelvic radiotherapy, toxic effects of, Pituitary apoplexy, acute stroke in cancer patients due to, 525 Platelet number and function, acquired bleeding problems in cancer patients due to, drug-induced hemolytic disseminated intravascular coagulation syndromes, drug-induced thrombocytopenia, 608 heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, 610 immune thrombocytopenia, 608 in the platelet refractory patient, post-transfusion thrombocytopenia, 608 therapy-related TTP/hemolytic uremic syndrome, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, uremia, 613 Platelet refractory patients, bleeding problems in, Pneumonitis, radiation therapy-related toxicity, Polycythemia vera, in cancer patients, Portal vein thrombosis, special issues in cancer patients, 496 Post-transfusion purpura, bleeding problems in cancer patients due to, 609 Postrenal azotemia, in cancer patients, extrarenal obstruction, intrarenal obstruction, 573 Prerenal azotemia, in cancer patients, 568 Promyelocytic leukemia, acute, acquired bleeding problems associated with, Pulmonary embolism, in cancer patients, diagnostic tests, duration and choice of therapy, 493 immediate therapy, natural history, 487 pathophysiology, Pulmonary toxicity, radiation therapy-related,

8 666 R Radiation therapy, for superior vena cava syndrome in cancer patients, palliative, for malignant epidural spinal cord compression, radiobiological effects at the cellular and tissue level, therapeutic mechanism of clinical, toxicity related to, in cancer patients, by organ system, abdominal and pelvic, cardiac, 637 central nervous system, head and neck, pulmonary, skin and soft tissue, 627, 630 Recombinant factor VIIa, massive transfusion therapy for acquired bleeding problems in cancer patients, Renal azotemia, in cancer patients, complications due to bone marrow transplant, 572 contrast agent nephropathy, 572 malignant infiltration, 568 nephrotoxic drugs, tumor lysis syndrome, Renal complications, in cancer patients, epidemiology, management, 573 postrenal azotemia, extrarenal obstruction, intrarenal obstruction, 573 prerenal azotemia, 568 renal azotemia, complications due to bone marrow transplant, 572 contrast agent nephropathy, 572 malignant infiltration, 568 nephrotoxic drugs, tumor lysis syndrome, Renal salt wasting, hyponatremia in cancer patients due to, 554 Renal vein thrombosis, special issues in cancer patients, 496 Respiratory depression, with opioid therapy for cancer pain, S Seizures, in cancer patients, Septic emboli, acute stroke in cancer patients due to, 525 Skin toxicity, radiation therapy-related, 627, 630 Soft tissue toxicity, radiation therapy-related, 627, 630 Spinal cord compression, malignant epidural, in cancer patients, clinical presentation, diagnosis, 540 epidemiology, management, corticosteroids, 541 emerging options,

9 667 palliative radiation therapy, surgical decompression, pathophysiology, Spinal stereotactic radiosurgery, for malignant epidural spinal cord compression, Status epilepticus, nonconvulsive, in cancer patients, 521 Stenting, endovascular, for superior vena cava syndrome in cancer patients, Stroke, acute, in cancer patients, hemorrhagic cerebral metastases, 525 nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, pituitary apoplexy, 525 septic emboli, 525 therapy-induced, 524 tumor emboli, Superior vena cava syndrome, in cancer patients, anatomy and physiology, evaluation, diagnostic interventions, 504 imaging studies, 504 management, chemotherapy, 507 endovascular stenting, interventions for symptom relief, radiation, presentation, recommendations, Surgery, decompressive, for malignant epidural spinal cord compression, versus medical treatment of neutropenic enterocolitis, Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone, hyponatremia in cancer patients due to, 554 T Tacrolimus, acute renal failure in cancer patients due to, 571 Therapy-induced stroke, in cancer patients, 524 Thrombocytopenia, bleeding problems in cancer patients due to, drug-induced, 609 heparin-induced, 611 immune, 609 Thrombocytosis, in cancer patients, Thrombolytic therapy, for pulmonary embolism/deep vein thrombosis, Thrombosis, emergencies in cancer patients, pulmonary embolism/deep vein thrombosis, diagnostic tests, duration and choice of therapy, 493 immediate therapy, natural history, 487 pathophysiology, special issues in, adrenal infarction, 495 anticoagulation and thrombocytopenia, 494 Budd-Chiari syndrome, 495 cerebral vein thrombosis,

10 668 Thrombosis (continued) patients with primary brain tumors or metastases, portal vein thrombosis, 496 renal vein thrombosis, 496 upper extremity thrombosis, 494 visceral vein thrombosis, 496 Thrombotic endocarditis, nonbacterial, acute stroke in cancer patients due to, Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, bleeding problems in cancer patients due to, hemolytic-uremic syndrome and, Toxicity, radiation therapy-related, Transfusion therapy, massive, for acquired bleeding problems in cancer patients, complications of, 606 recombinant factor VIIa, Tumor emboli, acute stroke in cancer patients due to, Tumor lysis syndrome, acute renal failure in cancer patients due to, U Ultrasound, diagnostic, in neutropenic enterocolitis, Upper-extremity thrombosis, special issues in cancer patients, 494 Uremia, bleeding problems in cancer patients due to, 614 V Venous thrombotic emergencies, in cancer patients, pulmonary embolism/deep vein thrombosis, diagnostic tests, duration and choice of therapy, 493 immediate therapy, natural history, 487 pathophysiology, special issues in, adrenal infarction, 495 anticoagulation and thrombocytopenia, 494 Budd-Chiari syndrome, 495 cerebral vein, patients with primary brain tumors or metastases, portal vein, 496 renal vein, 496 upper extremity, 494 visceral vein, 496 Vertebroplasty, percutaneous, for malignant epidural spinal cord compression, 547 Visceral vein thrombosis, special issues in cancer patients, 496 W Waldenström macroglobulinemia, hyperviscosity syndrome due to, Warfarin, acquired bleeding problems in cancer patients caused by, for pulmonary embolism/deep vein thrombosis in cancer patients, 493 World Health Organization (WHO), stepladder for management of cancer pain,