Angiogeneza kod skvamoznih prekanceroznih lezija grlića materice

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Angiogeneza kod skvamoznih prekanceroznih lezija grlića materice"

Transcription

1 Volumen 64, Broj 1 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Strana 7 ORIGINALNI Č L A N C I UDC: : Angiogeneza kod skvamoznih prekanceroznih lezija grlića materice Angiogenesis in squamous precancerous cervical lesions Milan Panjković*, Tatjana Ivković-Kapicl *Institut za plućne bolesti i tuberkulozu, Sremska Kamenica; Institut za onkologiju, Sremska Kamenica Apstrakt Uvod/Cilj. Vaskularizacija je jedno od osnovnih obeležja malignih tumora. Neoangiogeneza započinje još u fazi displazije i in situ karcinoma, dakle pre progresije u invazivni tumorski stadijum. Cilj rada bio je analiza angiogeneze u stromi ispod displastički izmenjenog epitela u zavisnosti od stepena cerviksne intraepitelne displazije (CIN). Metode. Odabrani isečci konusa grlića materice 50 bolesnica (pet sa normalnim epitelom, sedam sa CIN1 promenama, 13 sa CIN2 i 25 sa CIN3 promenama), bojeni su imunohistohemijski sa anti-cd31 antitelom, markerom za endotelne ćelije, pri čemu su brojani svi krvni sudovi ispod bazalne membrane i to u tri vidna polja velikog uveličanja, na osnovu čega je određen njihov prosečan broj. Rezultati. Prosečan broj krvnih sudova (BKS) strome neposredno ispod epitela sa elementima displazije bio je 18,1±7,83. Prosečan BKS u stromi grlića bolesnica sa epitelnim promenama CIN1 stepena iznosio je 12,9±4,54, dok je kod bolesnica sa promenama CIN2 i CIN3 stepena ovaj broj bio 18,72±8,56, odnosno 19,24±7,83. Srednja vrednost BKS strome kod bolesnica sa prisustvom intraepitelnih krvnih sudova (n = 23) iznosila je 22±8,64, a kod bolesnica bez prisustva ovih struktura u epitelu ova vrednost je bila 12,91±4,36. Iako je zabeležen porast prosečnog BKS sa porastom stepena skvamoznih intraepitelnih promena, statistički značajna razlika nađena je samo između CIN1 i CIN3 stepena promena. Prosečan BKS kod bolesnica sa prisustvom epitelnih krvnih sudova bio je statistički značajno veći od prosečnog BKS kod bolesnica bez ovih elemenata. Zaključak. Prosečan broj krvnih sudova u stromi i stepen skvamoznih prekancerskih lezija grlića pozitivno korelišu u statistički značajnom stepenu, učestalost prisustva krvnih sudova u epitelu raste sa porastom stepena skvamoznih prekancerskih promena grlića, a prosečan broj krvnih sudova u stromi je statistički značajno veći u slučajevima sa prisustvom ovih struktura. Ključne reči: grlić materice; prekancerska stanja; neovaskularizacija, patološka. Abstract Background/Aim. Vascularisation is one of basic tumor's characteristics. Neoangiogenesis starts at the stage of the dysplastic epithelial changes, thus before the progression into invasive lesion. This study was designed to determine the relation between stromal angiogenesis and the grade of cervical intraepithelial changes (CIN). Methods. The tissue sections of 50 cone biopsies were immunohistochemically stained for CD31 antigen, a marker for endothelial cells. All microvessels along the basement membrane subtending dysplastic epithelium were counted. The mean microvessel count was calculated from the three separate fields for each specimen. All the cases were devided into four groups: normal cervical epithelium (n = 5), CIN1 (n = 7), CIN2 (n = 13), and CIN3 (n = 25). Results. The mean microvessel count (MVC) under the dysplastic epithelium was For the patients with CIN1 changes the mean MVC was 12.9, while this number was and for the patients with CIN2 and CIN3 grade of epithelial changes, respectively. In a subset of the high grade lesions vascular structures were also noted in the upper layer of the epithelium. The mean MVC in the cases with the presence of these structures was 22, while this number was in the cases without intraepithelial vessels. Althoug we found an increase of the mean MVC with the increase of the CIN grade, statisticaly significant differences were found out between CIN1 and CIN3 lesions. The mean MVC of the patients with the presence of intraepithelial vessels was statisticaly higher than the mean MVC of the patients without these structures. Conclusion. On the basis of the obtained results, we can conclude that the mean MVC and CIN grade positively correlated, while the number of cases with intraepithelial vessels increased with the CIN grade. Key words: cervix uteri; precancerous conditions; neovascularization, pathologic. Correspondence to: Milan Panjković, Institut za plućne bolesti i tuberkulozu, Institutski put 4, Sremska Kamenica.

2 Strana 8 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Volumen 64, Broj 1 Uvod Angiogeneza, stvaranje novih kapilara iz prethodno postojeće vaskularne mreže, kompleksan je proces koji se sastoji iz aktivacije, migracije i proliferacije endotelnih ćelija. Ovaj proces leži u osnovi reprodukcije, razvoja, zarastanja rana, kao i angiogenih i neoplastičkih bolesti 1, 2. Vaskularizacija je jedno od osnovnih obeležja rasta malignih tumora. Najviše proučavana forma vaskularizacije je tumorski indukovana neoangiogeneza 3, 4. Značaj tumorske neoangiogeneze je u tome što omogućava rast tumora ne samo zahvaljujući perfuziji nego i parakrinom efektu različitih materija na tumorske ćelije. Faktori oslobođeni iz endotelnih ćelija stimulišu tumor na rast. Angiogeneza je i sastavni deo procesa metastaziranja. Novostvoreni kapilari su propustljivi i izuzetno pogodni za ulazak ćelija tumora u cirkulaciju. Zato bogato vaskularizovani tumori imaju veći metastatski potencijal 4 7. Zbog svega navedenog tumorska angiogeneza ima prognostički značaj što je i dokazano kod bolesnika sa karcinomom endometrijuma 8, dojke 9, prostate 10, creva 11, nazofarinksa 12, malignog melanoma 13 i želuca 14. Neoangiogeneza započinje još u fazi displazije i in situ karcinoma, dakle pre progresije u invazivni tumorski stadijum. Makroskopski uočljivo prisustvo vaskularne mreže u kolposkopskom nalazu cerviksne displazije najočigledniji je dokaz njenih vaskularnih karakteristika 15. Brojne studije ukazuju na angiogeni potencijal različitih displastičkih promena kao što su displazija epitela mokraćne bešike, in situ karcinom dojke, vulvarna intraepitelna neoplazija i druge. Na osnovu toga moglo bi se zaključiti da povećana angiogena aktivnost može biti jedan od predznaka maligne alteracije 16. Cilj rada bio je analiza stepena angiogeneze u stromi ispod displastično izmenjenog epitela u zavisnosti od stepena cerviksne intraepitelne neoplazije (CIN). Metode Ispitivanjem je obuhvaćeno 50 bolesnica kod kojih izvršena konizacija u Institutu za onkologiju, Sremska Kamenica, u vremenskom periodu od do godine. Konusni isečak (konizat), otvaran je i serijski sečen na isečke debljine do 2 mm (najmanje 12), koji su fiksirani u 10% formalinu i nakon parafinskog kalupljenja, sečeni mikrotomom na isečke debljine 4 6 μm. Deparafinisani tkivni isečci su zatim bojeni metodom hematoksilin-eozin. Patohistološkim pregledom svih dobijenih isečaka iz konizata izabran je po jedan, sa promenama epitela najvišeg stepena, a zatim je određen stepen CIN, na osnovu klasifikacije World Health Organisation and International Society of Gynaecological Pathologists Classification (WHO/ISGYP). Bolesnice su na osnovu dijagnoze koja je dobijena patohistološkim pregledom konizata podeljene u četiri grupe: pet bolesnica je bilo bez promena, sedam sa promenama CIN1 stepena, 13 sa promenama CIN2 stepena i 25 sa promenama CIN3 stepena. Grupe su zatim međusobno upoređivane u odnosu na imunohistohemijsku ekspresiju CD-31 antigena (stepen tumorski indukovane angiogeneze). Za imunohistohemijske analize korišćeni su izabrani uzorci iz konusa, fiksirani u formalinu i ukalupljeni u parafin, sečeni su na isečke debljine 4 μm i zatim lepljeni na Superfrost (Menzel-Glaser) pozitivno naelektrisane staklene pločice unapred pripremljene za imunohistohemijske reakcije. Nakon deparafinizacije pristupalo se blokiranju endogene peroksidaze sa 3% H 2 O 2 u trajanju od 5 minuta. Imunohistohemijska identifikacija vršena je primenom streptavidin-biotinperoksidaza tehnike (B-SA), prema standardnoj LSAB proceduri (DAKO). Za analizu neovaskularizacije korišćena je imunohistohemijska identifikacija primarnim antitelom DAKO CD31 M 0823, koji markira endotelne ćelije reagujući sa 130 kda glikoproteinom platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM). Prilikom bojenja korišćeno je razblaženje 1 : 10, a vreme inkubacije iznosilo je 32 minuta. Isečci su inkubirani 30 minuta na sobnoj temperaturi sa biotiniliziranim antimišijim antitelom, a zatim inkubirani sa streptavidin-peroksidaza kompleks sistemom, u trajanju od 30 minuta. Kao hromogeni supstrat primenjen je 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole (AEC, DAKO). Nakon svakog inkubiranja uzorci su isprani u tris puferisanom rastvoru (TBS: 0,05 M, ph 7,6) i rađen je kontrast hematoksilinom. Isečci su pokrivani specijalnim vodenim medijumom. Normalno tkivo grlića u okolini promene služilo je kao pozitivna kontrola, a kao negativna kontrola služili su uzorci tkiva kod kojih je tokom tretmana izostavljeno primarno antitelo, dok su ostale faze imunohistohemijske procedure sprovedene. Utvrđivanje područja sa najintenzivnijom neovaskularizacijom (hot spots) vršeno je svetlosnim mikroskopom na malom povećanju. Ove zone su se nalazile na granici epitela i strome uz bazalnu membranu. Svaka crvenkastosmeđe obojena endotelna ćelija, ili grupa endotelnih ćelija, brojana je kao pojedinačni krvni sud. Analiza angiogeneze vršena je kvantitativno, brojanjem krvnih sudova, na polju sa velikim uveličanjem, u tri područja najaktivnije neovaskularizacije. Broj novoformiranih krvnih sudova određivan je kao srednja vrednost izmerenih vrednosti. Radi što bolje evaluacije angiogeneze, brojanje krvnih sudova vršeno je dva puta, pri čemu vrednosti prethodnog brojanja nisu bile poznate. Statistička obrada dobijenih rezultata izvršena je prema osnovnim statističkim metodama: ocena postojanja i nivoa statističkog značaja razlike parametrijskih podataka testirana je primenom Studentovog t testa, a vrednost p < 0,05 smatrana je statistički značajnom. Rezultati Citoplazma svih endotelnih ćelija bila je CD31 antitelom obojena crvenkasto smeđe. Sve pojedinačne endotelne ćelije, kao i grupice sa ili bez lumena, brojane su kao pojedinačni krvni sudovi (slika 1). Prosečan broj krvnih sudova (BKS) u stromi grlića ispod normalnog pločasto-slojevitog epitela iznosio je 8±0,78. Broj krvnih sudova kretao se u intervalu od 5 do 10. Prosečan BKS strome neposredno ispod epitela, sa elementima displazije, bio je 18,1±7,83 i kretao se u intervalu od 6 do 57. Razlika u BKS strome ispod neizmenjenog epitela i epitela sa elementima displazije pokazivala je visoku statističku značajnost (t = 2,83; p < 0,01). Krvni sudovi nalazili su se neposredno uz bazalnu membranu, kao i u okolini žlezda sa

3 Volumen 64, Broj 1 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Strana 9 displastičnim skvamoznim epitelom. Odnos srednjeg broja krvnih sudova i stepena skvamozne displazije prikazan je na slici 2. Prosečan BKS u stromi grlića bolesnica sa promenama epitela CIN1 stepena iznosio je 12,9±4,54, dok je kod bolesnica sa promenama CIN2, tj. CIN3 stepena ovaj broj bio 18,72±8,56, tj.19,24±7,83. Razlika u srednjem BKS između promena epitela CIN1 : CIN2, kao i CIN2 : CIN3 stepena nije dostizala statističku značajnost (t = 1,59 i t = 0,19), dok je statistički značajna razlika nađena između promena CIN1 i CIN3 stepena (t = 2,07; p < 0,05). Prosečan BKS u stromi ispod epitela korelisao je sa stepenom displastičnih promena (ρ = 0,32; p < 0,05). Analizom materijala u pojedinim slučajevima je uočeno prisustvo intraepitelnih krvnih sudova (slika 3). Ovi krvni sudovi nađeni su kod jedne (14%) bolesnice sa diplazijom epitela CIN1 stepena, sedam (54,46%) sa displazijom CIN2 i 15 (60%) sa promenama CIN3 stepena. Sl. 3 Krvni sudovi u displastično izmenjenom epitelu grlića (CD31 200) U normalnom epitelu ovi krvni sudovi nisu nađeni. Statistički značajna razlika u prisustvu ovih struktura nađena je između stepena promena CIN1 i CIN2 (t = 2,105; p < 0,05), dok između CIN2 i CIN3 lezija ova razlika nije dostigla statističku značajnost (t = 0,35; p > 0,1). Srednja vrednost BKS strome kod bolesnica sa prisustvom intraepitelnih krvnih sudova (n = 23) iznosila je 22±8,64, a kod bolesnica bez nalaza ovih struktura u epitelu ova vrednost bila je 12,91±4,36, što je prikazano na slici 4. Razlika u broju krvnih sudova strome između grupe bolesnica sa prisustvom intraepitelnih krvnih sudova i grupe bez tih elemenata bila je visoko statistički značajna (t = 4,73; p < 0,001). 25 Prosečan BKS Sl. 1 Krvni sudovi uz bazalnu membranu ispod displastično izmenjenog epitela grlića (CD31 10) Prosečan BKS 5 0 Slučajevi sa prisustvom krvnih sudova u epitelu Slučajevi bez prisustvom krvnih sudova u epitelu Sl. 4 Prosečan broj krvnih sudova (BKS) u zavisnosti od prisustva krvnih sudova u epitelu kod skvamoznih prekanceroznih lezija grlića materice CIN 1 CIN 2 CIN 3 Sl. 2 Odnos prosečnog broja krvnih sudova (BKS) i stepena skvamoznih prekanceroznih lezija grlića materice Diskusija Proces interakcije između tumorskih, endotelnih i ćelija strome tokom progresije tumora veoma je dinamičan i determiniše rast tumora i prisustvo metastaza 17. Stepen angiogeneze i njena progresija u toku prekancerskih promena epi-

4 Strana 10 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Volumen 64, Broj 1 tela grlića materice praćena je u ovom radu. Nađeno je da je neovaskularizacija bila ograničena na usku zonu neposredno ispod displastičkog epitela, kao i oko endocerviksnih žlezda koje su zamenjene skvamoznim displastičkim epitelom. Prema dobijenim rezultatima nije bilo statistički značajne razlike u godinama starosti između bolesnica s niskim i visokim prosečnim BKS. Nađena je statistički značajna razlika između prosečnog BKS u slučajevima sa normalnim epitelom i onim sa prisustvom displastičnih promena. Zabeležen je porast prosečnog BKS, sa porastom stepena skvamoznih intraepitelnih promena i pozitivna značajna korelacija ovog parametra i stepena cerviksne displazije. U određenom broju slučajeva zapaženo je prisustvo vaskularnih struktura u samom epitelu, posebno u gornjoj polovini. Ovi krvni sudovi verovatno potiču od stromnih vaskularnih papila koje se šire prema površini epitela. Broj slučajeva sa prisustvom ovih struktura rastao je sa stepenom displastičnih promena epitela. Prosečan BKS kod bolesnica sa prisustvom epitelnih krvnih sudova bio je statistički značajno veći od prosečnog BKS kod bolesnica bez ovih elemenata. Moguće je da krvni sudovi nađeni u epitelu nastaju kao posledica nastavka procesa vaskularizacije duž bazalne membrane i širenja stromnih papila prema površini epitela. Naši rezultati su u saglasnosti sa rezultatima Smith-McCunea i Weidnera 18 koji su u svom pionirskom radu na malom broju slučajeva (n = 23), koristeći faktor VIII i angiogeni odnos, našli da postoji povećanje stepena angiogeneze sa porastom težine displastičkih promena epitela. U navedenom radu autori ističu i prisustvo vaskularnih struktura u displastičnom epitelu, posebno u površnim delovima, a ističu i porast broja slučajeva sa ovim promenama sa progresijom lezija, što je u saglasnosti sa našim rezultatima. Međutim, za razliku od naših nalaza, prosečan broj krvnih sudova kod bolesnica sa ovim strukturama i bez njih ne pokazuje statistički značajnu razliku, tako da autori pretpostavljaju da je stvaranje epitelnih krvnih sudova deo potpuno odvojenog procesa od neoangiogeneze duž bazalne membrane. U našem radu su u ovu analizu uključeni svi slučajevi sa prisustvom intraepitelnih krvnih sudova, dok Smith-McCune i Weidner 18 su analizirali samo one sa CIN3 stepenom promena, što može biti jedan od uzroka neslagnja rezultata. Keith i sar. 19 su našli slične promene u displastičkom epitelu bronha kod pušača. Pored povećanja prosečnog BKS u stromi neposredno ispod, prisustvo ovih struktura prema njima predstavlja abnormalan tip vaskularizacije, koji se javlja pre pojave bronijalnog karcinoma. U novijem radu Smith-McCune i sar. 20 su ukazali na to da i normalan epitel grlića, pored displastičkog, ima angiogene karakteristike što ukazuje na mogućnost da inflamacija izazvana displazijom dovodi do povećanog stvaranja angiogenih citokina i krvnih sudova i u okolini. Abulafia i sar. 21 su, koristeći faktor VIII kao marker krvnih sudova, našli da ne postoji statistički značajna razlika između prosečnog BKS kontrolnih slučajeva sa normalnim epitelom i onih sa cerviksnim in situ karcinomom i da značajan porast BKS postoji tek sa progresijom lezija u invazivni oblik, iako korelacija sa dubinom invazije nije nađena. Prema ovim autorima cerviksni in situ karcinom predstavlja prevaskularnu fazu neoplastičnog procesa. Lee i sar. 22, 23 su koristili CD 34 kao marker krvnih sudova i pokazali su da postoji jaka korelacija između prosečnog BKS u stromi ispod prekancerskih lezija glića materice i progresije ovih promena. Ozalp i sar. 24 su u svom radu našli da postoji statistički značajna razlika u prosečnom BKS u stromi, između bolesnica sa CIN1 promenama, sa jedne, i onih sa CIN2 i CIN 3 promenama, sa druge strane, što je u saglasnosti sa našim rezultatima. Soini i sar. 25 su koristeći faktor VIII našli da, iako postoji blag porast, nema statistički značajne razlike u prosečnom BKS po stepenima CIN promena, dok su Bancher- Todesca i sar. 16 koristeći isti marker našli značajnu korelaciju ekspresije ovog antigena i porast broja krvnih sudova duž bazalne membrane sa progresijom displastičnih promena kod bolesnica sa vulvarnom intraepitelnom neoplazijom. Feng i sar. 26 su u svojoj studiji ukazali na povećanje ekspresije vaskularnogenolateralnog faktora rasta (VEGF) na lestvici promena od normalne sluznice želuca, preko lake i teške displazije do invazivnog karcinoma, dok su Kondo i sar. 27 na osnovu porasta ekspresije VEGF u ovom spektru promena našli da postoji porast broja krvnih sudova u njima. Navedeni rezultati pokazuju da se angiogeni preobražaj i sticanje angiogenog fenotipa odvija još u toku preinvazivnih displastičkih lezija i da se neovaskularizacija u cerviksnoj intraepitelnoj neoplaziji razvija u fazama. U displastičkim promenama težeg stepena češće prisustvo krvnih sudova u epitelu, ukazuje na sledeću fazu angiogeneze u kojoj se stromne vaskularne papile izdužuju prema površini epitela. Nije, međutim, poznato da li ove papile potiču iz već postojećih stromnih papila ili nastaju daljim sazrevanjem mreže krvnih sudova neposredno ispod bazalne membrane. Hipotetično, u sledećoj fazi angiogeneze krvni sudovi mogu stići do površine epitela i biti detektovani kao atipični krvni sudovi kolposkopski, što je prekretnica u progresiji ovih promena u invazivni karcinom. Angiogeneza je verovatno jedan od faktora koji je značajan za rast, perzistiranje i progresiju displastičnih promena, što otvara mogućnost korišćenja antiangiogenih materija u njihovoj terapiji 16, 18. Zaključak Prosečan broj krvnih sudova u stromi i stepen skvamoznih prekanceroznih lezija grlića pozitivno korelišu u statistički značajnom stepenu, učestalost prisustva krvnih sudova u epitelu raste sa porastom stepena skvamoznih prekanceroznih promena grlića, a prosečan broj krvnih sudova u stromi statistički značajno je veći u slučajevima sa prisustvom ovih struktura.

5 Volumen 64, Broj 1 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Strana 11 L I T E R A T U R A 1. Tomanek RJ, Schatteman GC. Angiogenesis: new insights and therapeutic potential. Anat Rec 2000; 261(3): Timar J, Dome B, Fazekas K, Janovics A, Paku S. Angiogenesisdependent diseases and angiogenesis therapy. Pathol Oncol Res 2001; 7(2): Folkman J. Tumor angiogenesis: therapeutic implications. N Engl J Med 1971; 285(21): Shing Y, Folkman J, Sullivan R, Butterfield C, Murray J, Klagsbrun M. Heparin affinity: purification of a tumor-derived capillary endothelial cell growth factor. Science 1984; 223(4642): Patan S, Munn LL, Jain RK. Intussusceptive microvascular growth in a human colon adenocarcinoma xenograft: a novel mechanism of tumor angiogenesis. Microvasc Res 1996; 51(2): Pluda JM. Tumor-associated angiogenesis: mechanisms, clinical implications, and therapeutic strategies. Semin Oncol 1997; 24(2): Zetter BR. Angiogenesis and tumor metastasis. Annu Rev Med 1998; 49: Obermair A, Tempfer C, Wasicky R, Kaider A, Hefler L, Kainz C. Prognostic significance of tumor angiogenesis in endometrial cancer. Obstet Gynecol 1999; 93(3): Gasparini G, Harris AL. Clinical importance of the determination of tumor angiogenesis in breast carcinoma: much more than a new prognostic tool. J Clin Oncol 1995; 13(3): Offersen BV, Borre M, Overgaard J. Immunohistochemical determination of tumor angiogenesis measured by the maximal microvessel density in human prostate cancer. APMIS 1998; 106(4): Choi HJ, Hyun MS, Jung GJ, Kim SS, Hong SH. Tumor angiogenesis as a prognostic predictor in colorectal carcinoma with special reference to mode of metastasis and recurrence. Oncology 1998; 55(6): Roychowdhury DF, Tseng A Jr, Fu KK, Weinburg V, Weidner N. New prognostic factors in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Tumor angiogenesis and C-erbB2 expression. Cancer 1996; 77(8): Bayer-Garner IB, Hough AJ Jr, Smoller BR. Vascular endothelial growth factor expression in malignant melanoma: prognostic versus diagnostic usefulness. Mod Pathol 1999; 12(8): Maeda K, Chung YS, Ogawa Y, Takatsuka S, Kang SM, Ogawa M, et al. Prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in gastric carcinoma. Cancer 1996; 77(5): Paku S. Current concepts of tumor-induced angiogenesis. Pathol Oncol Res 1998; 4(1): Bancher-Todesca D, Obermair A, Bilgi S, Kohlberger P, Kainz C, Breitenecker G, et al. Angiogenesis in vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Gynecol Oncol 1997; 64(3): Weidner N, Semple JP, Welch WR, Folkman J. Tumor angiogenesis and metastasis--correlation in invasive breast carcinoma. N Engl J Med 1991; 324(1): Smith-McCune KK, Weidner N. Demonstration and characterization of the angiogenic properties of cervical dysplasia. Cancer Res 1994; 54(3): Keith RL, Miller YE, Gemmill RM, Drabkin HA, Dempsey EC, Kennedy TC, et al. Angiogenic squamous dysplasia in bronchi of individuals at high risk for lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2000; 6(5): Smith-McCune KK, Zhu Y, Darragh T. Angiogenesis in histologically benign squamous mucosa is a sensitive marker for nearby cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Angiogenesis 1998; 2(2): Abulafia O, Triest WE, Sherer DM. Angiogenesis in squamous cell carcinoma in situ and microinvasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Obstet Gynecol 1996; 88(6): Lee JS, Kim HS, Jung JJ, Lee MC, Park CS. Angiogenesis, cell proliferation and apoptosis in progression of cervical neoplasia. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 2002; 24(2): Lee JS, Kim HS, Park JT, Lee MC, Park CS. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the progression of cervical neoplasia and its relation to angiogenesis and p53 status. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 2003; 25(6): Ozalp S, Yalcin OT, Oner U, Tanir HM, Acikalin M, Sarac I. Microvessel density as a prognostic factor in preinvasive and invasive cervical lesions. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 2003; 24(5): Soini Y, Pollanen R, Kemppainen S, Paakko P, Lehto VP. The association of vascular proliferation with HPV status and epithelial PCNA positivity in cervical intraepithelial lesions. APMIS 1996; 104(3): Feng CW, Wang LD, Jiao LH, Liu B, Zheng S, Xie XJ. Expression of p53, inducible nitric oxide synthase and vascular endothelial growth factor in gastric precancerous and cancerous lesions: correlation with clinical features. BMC Cancer 2002; 2: Kondo Y, Arii S, Furutani M, Isigami S, Mori A, Onodera H, et al. Implication of vascular endothelial growth factor and p53 status for angiogenesis in noninvasive colorectal carcinoma. Cancer 2000; 88(8): Rad je primljen 28. II 2006.

Pouzdanost CINtec TM p16 INK4a citološkog imunohistohemijskog testa u skriningu prekanceroznih lezija grlića materice

Pouzdanost CINtec TM p16 INK4a citološkog imunohistohemijskog testa u skriningu prekanceroznih lezija grlića materice Volumen 65, Broj 3 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Strana 211 ORIGINALNI Č L A N C I UDC: 618.146 078.3:618.146 006.6 Pouzdanost CINtec TM p16 INK4a citološkog imunohistohemijskog testa u skriningu prekanceroznih

More information

QUANTIFICATION OF ARGYROPHILIC NUCLEOLAR ORGANIZER REGIONS IN ESTROGEN RECEPTOR POSITIVE AND ESTROGEN RECEPTOR NEGATIVE DUCTAL BREAST CARCINOMAS

QUANTIFICATION OF ARGYROPHILIC NUCLEOLAR ORGANIZER REGIONS IN ESTROGEN RECEPTOR POSITIVE AND ESTROGEN RECEPTOR NEGATIVE DUCTAL BREAST CARCINOMAS FACTA UNIVERSITATIS Series: Medicine and Biology Vol.13, No 2, 2006, pp. 65-69 UC 618.19-006 QUANTIFICATION OF ARGYROPHILIC NUCLEOLAR ORGANIZER REGIONS IN ESTROGEN RECEPTOR POSITIVE AND ESTROGEN RECEPTOR

More information

QUANTITATIVE MORPHOLOGY AS A PROGNOSTIC FACTOR IN FELINE SPONTANEOUS CUTANEOUS SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS

QUANTITATIVE MORPHOLOGY AS A PROGNOSTIC FACTOR IN FELINE SPONTANEOUS CUTANEOUS SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS Research article UDK: 636.8.09:616.428-006.6 DOI: 10.2478/acve-2018-0022 QUANTITATIVE MORPHOLOGY AS A PROGNOSTIC FACTOR IN FELINE SPONTANEOUS CUTANEOUS SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS SIMEONOV Radostin a * a

More information

Uloga tipizacije humanog papiloma virusa i citologije u ranom otkrivanju recidiva cervikalne intraepitelne neoplazije

Uloga tipizacije humanog papiloma virusa i citologije u ranom otkrivanju recidiva cervikalne intraepitelne neoplazije Strana 314 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Volumen 68, Broj 4 ORIGINALNI Č LANAK UDC: 618.146-006-036.87-07:[616-076.5:578 DOI: 10.2298/VSP1104314Z Uloga tipizacije humanog papiloma virusa i citologije u ranom

More information

Immunohistochemical Expression of p53, bcl2 and CD34 in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasias and Carcinomas

Immunohistochemical Expression of p53, bcl2 and CD34 in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasias and Carcinomas Iraqi JMS Published by Al-Nahrain College of Medicine ISSN 1681-6579 Email: iraqijms@colmed-alnahrain.edu.iq http://www.colmed-alnahrain.edu.iq http://www.iraqijms.net Immunohistochemical Expression of

More information

PHENOTYPIC CONNECTION OF THE MAIN BODY PARTS OF RABBITS AND LAYERS

PHENOTYPIC CONNECTION OF THE MAIN BODY PARTS OF RABBITS AND LAYERS Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 27 (2), p 259-263, 2011 ISSN 1450-9156 Publisher: Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun UDC 637. 55/636.52 DOI:10.2298/BAH1102259K PHENOTYPIC CONNECTION OF THE

More information

Correlation between expression and significance of δ-catenin, CD31, and VEGF of non-small cell lung cancer

Correlation between expression and significance of δ-catenin, CD31, and VEGF of non-small cell lung cancer Correlation between expression and significance of δ-catenin, CD31, and VEGF of non-small cell lung cancer X.L. Liu 1, L.D. Liu 2, S.G. Zhang 1, S.D. Dai 3, W.Y. Li 1 and L. Zhang 1 1 Thoracic Surgery,

More information

The role of angiogenesis and COX-2 expression in the evolution of vulvar lichen sclerosus to squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva

The role of angiogenesis and COX-2 expression in the evolution of vulvar lichen sclerosus to squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva Gynecologic Oncology 106 (2007) 567 571 www.elsevier.com/locate/ygyno The role of angiogenesis and COX-2 expression in the evolution of vulvar lichen sclerosus to squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva Maria

More information

Microvascular density in prostate core biopsy - Prognostic predictors?

Microvascular density in prostate core biopsy - Prognostic predictors? doi:10.5937/pomc14-13641 UDK: 616.65-091.8 COBISS.SR-ID 241363724 Mikrovaskularna gustina u iglenim biopsijama prostate - prediktor prognoze? Microvascular density in prostate core biopsy - Prognostic

More information

Gordana Cvetković*, Goran Plavec*, Ilija Tomić*, Vesna Ilić, Zvonko Magić, Željka Tatomirović, Dobrivoje Novković*, Rade Milić*, Vukojica Karličić*

Gordana Cvetković*, Goran Plavec*, Ilija Tomić*, Vesna Ilić, Zvonko Magić, Željka Tatomirović, Dobrivoje Novković*, Rade Milić*, Vukojica Karličić* Volumen 66, Broj 2 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Strana 149 ORIGINALAN Č L A N A K UDC: 616.24-006.6-085:575.10 Prediktivni značaj mutacija u K-ras onkogenu za hemioterapijske protokole na bazi platine kod bolesnika

More information

Postoperativne neletalne komplikacije nakon operacije na otvorenom srcu

Postoperativne neletalne komplikacije nakon operacije na otvorenom srcu Volumen 69, Broj 1 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Strana 27 ORIGINALNI Č LANAK UDC: 616.12-089-16 DOI: 10.2298/VSP1201027G Postoperativne neletalne komplikacije nakon operacije na otvorenom srcu Postoperative

More information

The value of modified DASH questionnaire for evaluation of elbow function after supracondylar fractures in children

The value of modified DASH questionnaire for evaluation of elbow function after supracondylar fractures in children Volumen 65, Broj 1 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Strana 27 O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E UDC: 616.727.3 1.5 53.2:615.825.5 The value of modified questionnaire for evaluation of elbow function after supracondylar

More information

THE FREQUENCY OF ALLELIC LETHALS AND COMPLEMENTATION MAPS IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER FROM MEXICO. Victor M.

THE FREQUENCY OF ALLELIC LETHALS AND COMPLEMENTATION MAPS IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER FROM MEXICO. Victor M. UDC 575.2: 595.773.4 Original scientific paper THE FREQUENCY OF ALLELIC LETHALS AND COMPLEMENTATION MAPS IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER FROM MEXICO Victor M. SALCEDA Departamento de

More information

Opto-magnetic imaging spectroscopy in characterization of the tissues during hyperbaric oxygen therapy

Opto-magnetic imaging spectroscopy in characterization of the tissues during hyperbaric oxygen therapy Page 922 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Vojnosanit Pregl 2015; 72(10): 922 927. PRELIMINARY REPORT UDC: 62::61]::615.835 DOI: 10.2298/VSP140610077S Opto-magnetic imaging spectroscopy in characterization of the

More information

EKSPRESIJA C-MYC PROTO-ONKOGENA U PREMALIGNIM I MALIGNIM PROMENAMA GRLIĆA MATERICE

EKSPRESIJA C-MYC PROTO-ONKOGENA U PREMALIGNIM I MALIGNIM PROMENAMA GRLIĆA MATERICE Original article Originalni naučni rad UDK 6.146-006.6:575 Medicus 2007; 8(1): 15-19 EXPRESSION OF C-MYC PROTO-ONCOGENE IN PREMALIGNANT AND MALIGNANT UTERINE CERVIX LESIONS Zoran Protrka 1, Slobodanka

More information

Understanding Your Pap Test Results

Understanding Your Pap Test Results Understanding Your Pap Test Results Most laboratories in the United States use a standard set of terms called the Bethesda System to report pap test results. Normal: Pap samples that have no cell abnormalities

More information

EFFECT OF BODY WEIGHT OF GOATS AND LACTATION ORDER ON THE GROWTH RATE OF KIDS IN THE SUCKLING PERIOD

EFFECT OF BODY WEIGHT OF GOATS AND LACTATION ORDER ON THE GROWTH RATE OF KIDS IN THE SUCKLING PERIOD Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 27 (3), p 1193-1200, 2011 ISSN 1450-9156 Publisher: Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun UDC 636.082.4 DOI: 10.2298/BAH1103193Z EFFECT OF BODY WEIGHT OF GOATS

More information

CERVIX. MLS Basic histological diagnosis MLS HIST 422 Semester 8- batch 7 L12 : Dr. Ali Eltayb.

CERVIX. MLS Basic histological diagnosis MLS HIST 422 Semester 8- batch 7 L12 : Dr. Ali Eltayb. CERVIX MLS Basic histological diagnosis MLS HIST 422 Semester 8- batch 7 L12 : Dr. Ali Eltayb. CERVIX Most cervical lesions are: Most are Cervicitis. cancers ( common in women worldwide). CERVICITIS Extremely

More information

ORIGINAL STUDIES ORIGINALNI NAUČNI RADOVI

ORIGINAL STUDIES ORIGINALNI NAUČNI RADOVI Med Pregl 2015; LXVIII (3-4): 85-92. Novi Sad: mart-april. 85 ORIGINAL STUDIES ORIGINALNI NAUČNI RADOVI Clinical Center Banja Luka, University of Banja Luka Original study Faculty of Medicine, the Republic

More information

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ENERGY AND PROTEINS LEVELS IN DIET ON PRODUCTION PARAMETERS OF BROILER CHICKEN FROM TWO GENOTYPES**

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ENERGY AND PROTEINS LEVELS IN DIET ON PRODUCTION PARAMETERS OF BROILER CHICKEN FROM TWO GENOTYPES** Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 23 (5-6), p 551-557, 2007 ISSN 1450-9156 Publisher: Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun UDC 636.084.52 THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ENERGY AND PROTEINS LEVELS IN

More information

Povezanost pušenja cigareta i plućne tuberkuloze

Povezanost pušenja cigareta i plućne tuberkuloze Volumen 66, Broj 10 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Strana 797 ORIGINALNI Č L A N C I UDC: 613.84:616.24-002.5-092 Povezanost pušenja cigareta i plućne tuberkuloze Association between tobacco smoking and pulmonary

More information

The detection rate of early gastric cancer has been increasing owing to advances in

The detection rate of early gastric cancer has been increasing owing to advances in Focused Issue of This Month Sung Hoon Noh, MD, ph.d Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine E - mail : sunghoonn@yuhs.ac J Korean Med Assoc 2010; 53(4): 306-310 Abstract The detection

More information

MYSTICAL EXPERIENCE TO MEASURABLE DESCRIPTION: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPIRITUALITY AND FLOW IN GOLF UDC :130.1

MYSTICAL EXPERIENCE TO MEASURABLE DESCRIPTION: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPIRITUALITY AND FLOW IN GOLF UDC :130.1 FACTA UNIVERSITATIS Series: Physical Education and Sport Vol. 12, N o 1, 2014, pp. 1-10 Original research article MYSTICAL EXPERIENCE TO MEASURABLE DESCRIPTION: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPIRITUALITY AND

More information

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma OMPJ Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Oral Epithelial Dysplasia 10.5005/jp-journals-10037-1003 and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ORIGINAL RESEARCH Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression

More information

Appropriate Use of Cytology and HPV Testing in the New Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines

Appropriate Use of Cytology and HPV Testing in the New Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines Appropriate Use of Cytology and HPV Testing in the New Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines Tim Kremer, MD Ralph Anderson, MD 1 Objectives Describe the natural history of HPV particularly as it relates

More information

Department of Pathology, Kathmandu Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal

Department of Pathology, Kathmandu Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2007), Vol. 5, No. 4, Issue 20, 461-467 Original Article Correlation of PAP smear findings with clinical findings and cervical biopsy Pradhan B 1, Pradhan SB 2, Mital

More information

Neoangiogenesis in cervical cancer: focus on CD34 assessment

Neoangiogenesis in cervical cancer: focus on CD34 assessment Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology 2010, 51(2):289 294 ORIGINAL PAPER Neoangiogenesis in cervical cancer: focus on CD34 assessment CODRINA ANCUŢA 1), E. ANCUŢA 2), FL. ZUGUN-ELOAE 1,3), E. CARASEVICI

More information

Woo Dae Kang, Ho Sun Choi, Seok Mo Kim

Woo Dae Kang, Ho Sun Choi, Seok Mo Kim Is vaccination with quadrivalent HPV vaccine after Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure effective in preventing recurrence in patients with High-grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN2-3)? Chonnam

More information

Immunohistochemical Expression of Cell Proliferating Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) and p53 Protein in Cervical Cancer

Immunohistochemical Expression of Cell Proliferating Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) and p53 Protein in Cervical Cancer DOI 10.1007/s13224-012-0180-6 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Immunohistochemical Expression of Cell Proliferating Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) and p53 Protein in Cervical Cancer Madhumati Goel Kavita Somani Anju Mehrotra

More information

Evaluation of Angiogenesis in Canine Mammary Tumors by Quantitative Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Immunohistochemistry

Evaluation of Angiogenesis in Canine Mammary Tumors by Quantitative Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Immunohistochemistry Vet Pathol 7:297 01 (2000) Evaluation of Angiogenesis in Canine Mammary Tumors by Quantitative Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Immunohistochemistry B. RESTUCCI, G.DE VICO, AND P. MAIOLINO Dipartimento

More information

Tenascin (TN) is a large glycoprotein of the extracellular

Tenascin (TN) is a large glycoprotein of the extracellular Tenascin Expression in Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Invasive of the Uterine Cervix Basem F. Iskaros, MD; Leopold G. Koss, MD Tenascin (TN) is a large glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix that is transiently

More information

the Intravenous Glucose Bolus

the Intravenous Glucose Bolus 7 Biljana Nedeljković Beleslin 1, Jasmina Ćirić, Miloš Stojanović, Mirjana Stojković, Slavica Savić, Tijana Lalić, Tanja Nišić, Marija Miletić, Miloš Žarković Insulin Pulsatility After the Intravenous

More information

Correlation between the Finnish Diabetes risk Score and the severity of coronary artery disease

Correlation between the Finnish Diabetes risk Score and the severity of coronary artery disease Strana 474 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Vojnosanit Pregl 2014; 71(5): 474 480. ORIGINAL ARTICLE UDC: 616.132.2-036-02:616.379-008.64-02 DOI: 10.2298/VSP1405474D Correlation between the Finnish Diabetes risk

More information

Informacioni sistemi i baze podataka

Informacioni sistemi i baze podataka Fakultet tehničkih nauka, Novi Sad Predmet: Informacioni sistemi i baze podataka Dr Slavica Kordić Milanka Bjelica Vojislav Đukić Primer radnik({mbr, Ime, Prz, Sef, Plt, God, Pre}, {Mbr}), projekat({spr,

More information

Histopathology: Cervical HPV and neoplasia

Histopathology: Cervical HPV and neoplasia Histopathology: Cervical HPV and neoplasia These presentations are to help you identify basic histopathological features. They do not contain the additional factual information that you need to learn about

More information

Subepithelial vascular patterns in bronchial dysplasias using a high magnification bronchovideoscope

Subepithelial vascular patterns in bronchial dysplasias using a high magnification bronchovideoscope 902 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Subepithelial vascular patterns in bronchial dysplasias using a high magnification bronchovideoscope K Shibuya, H Hoshino, M Chiyo, K Yasufuku, T Iizasa, Y Saitoh, M Baba, K Hiroshima,

More information

CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY TO ENCEPHALITOGENIC FACTOR (MMI TEST) IN WOMEN WITH CERVICAL DYSPLASIA AND CARCINOMA

CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY TO ENCEPHALITOGENIC FACTOR (MMI TEST) IN WOMEN WITH CERVICAL DYSPLASIA AND CARCINOMA Br. J. Cancer (1978) 38, 396 CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY TO ENCEPHALITOGENIC FACTOR (MMI TEST) IN WOMEN WITH CERVICAL DYSPLASIA AND CARCINOMA IN SITU: THE EFFECTS OF SERUM D. J. FLAVELL*l, A. SINGER2 AND C.

More information

We are IntechOpen, the world s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists, for scientists. International authors and editors

We are IntechOpen, the world s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists, for scientists. International authors and editors We are IntechOpen, the world s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists, for scientists 4,000 116,000 120M Open access books available International authors and editors Downloads Our

More information

Computer-assisted quantitative analysis of Ki-67 antigen in dysplasia associated lesions or masses in ulcerative colitis

Computer-assisted quantitative analysis of Ki-67 antigen in dysplasia associated lesions or masses in ulcerative colitis Volumen 64, Broj 11 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Strana 753 O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E UDC: 616.348-002.44:616-007.17-091.8 Computer-assisted quantitative analysis of Ki-67 antigen in dysplasia associated

More information

Cytyc Corporation - Case Presentation Archive - June 2003

Cytyc Corporation - Case Presentation Archive - June 2003 ThinPrep General Cytology History: Asymptomatic 35 Year Old Male Specimen type: Anal Cytology - This specimen was collected using a Dacron swab under proctoscopic visualization. This case was provided

More information

MR imaging of FIGO stage I uterine cervical cancer: The diagnostic impact of 3T-MRI

MR imaging of FIGO stage I uterine cervical cancer: The diagnostic impact of 3T-MRI MR imaging of FIGO stage I uterine cervical cancer: The diagnostic impact of 3T-MRI Poster No.: C-1191 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Educational Exhibit Topic: Genitourinary Authors: M. Takeuchi, K. Matsuzaki,

More information

DOI: /pramed S PROFESSIONAL ARTICLES

DOI: /pramed S PROFESSIONAL ARTICLES DOI: 10.5937/pramed1503061S PROFESSIONAL ARTICLES FEAR OF FALLING CORRESPONDENT AUTHORS Stojanovic Z. 1, Kocic M. 2,3, Balov B. 1, Milenkovic M. 1, Savic N. 1, Ivanovic S. 1 1 College of Health Studies

More information

Population Drinking and Gender Gap in Suicide Mortality in Russia

Population Drinking and Gender Gap in Suicide Mortality in Russia Original paper DOI: 10.20471/dec.2017.53.02.02 Received September 6, 2017, accepted after revision November 2, 2017 Population Drinking and Gender Gap in Suicide Mortality in Russia Yury E. Razvodovsky

More information

GRADING THE SEVERITY OF PREINVASIVE CHANGES OF THE UTERINE CERVIX BY COLPOSCOPY AND EXFOLIATING CYTOLOGY

GRADING THE SEVERITY OF PREINVASIVE CHANGES OF THE UTERINE CERVIX BY COLPOSCOPY AND EXFOLIATING CYTOLOGY FACTA UNIVERSITATIS Series: Medicine and Biology Vol.12, No 1, 2005, pp. 55-59 UC 616.833.17-009.11 GRADING THE SEVERITY OF PREINVASIVE CHANGES OF THE UTERINE CERVIX BY COLPOSCOPY AND EXFOLIATING CYTOLOGY

More information

medicinska revija medical review

medicinska revija medical review medicinska revija medical review UDK: 616.441-085.849.2.035.2 ; 615.849.2.035.2:546.15 ID BROJ: 205590796 Zdraveska Kochovska M. and Majstorov V. MD-Medical Data 2014;6(1): 023-027 Originalni ~lanci/ Original

More information

Simeonov, A. et al.: Determination of influence and differences in... Sport Science 10 (2017) Suppl 1:

Simeonov, A. et al.: Determination of influence and differences in... Sport Science 10 (2017) Suppl 1: DETERMINATION OF INFLUENCE AND DIFFERENCES IN SPECIFIC PROFESSIONAL SAMPLE OF EXAMINEES Aleksandar Simeonov¹, Zoran Radić¹ and Ratko Pavlović² ¹Faculty of Physical Education, Sport and Health, University

More information

ANALYSIS OF ANAEROBIC CAPACITY IN ROWERS USING WINGATE TEST ON CYCLE AND ROWING ERGOMETER

ANALYSIS OF ANAEROBIC CAPACITY IN ROWERS USING WINGATE TEST ON CYCLE AND ROWING ERGOMETER 620 Klašnja A, et al. Analysis of anaerobic capacity in rowers Medical Faculty Novi Sad Originalni naučni rad Department of Physiology 1 Original study Clinical center Vojvodina, Novi Sad UDK 612.22:797.12.015.57

More information

Colorectal cancer is the second most common form of. rezime ...

Colorectal cancer is the second most common form of. rezime ... /STRU^NI RAD UDK 616.348-006.04-089-036 DOI: 10.2298/ACI1201031H Influence of second or multiple tumours on the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer.... Philipp Hildebrand, Janina Humke, Elisabeth

More information

Uticaj proteinurije na poremećaj metabolizma lipoproteina (a)

Uticaj proteinurije na poremećaj metabolizma lipoproteina (a) Број 12 ВОЈНОСАНИТЕТСКИ ПРЕГЛЕД Страна 921 O R I G I N A L N I Č L A N A K UDC: 616.611 002:616.633.96 Uticaj proteinurije na poremećaj metabolizma lipoproteina (a) Dejan Petrović*, Radmila Obrenović,

More information

Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, Faculty of Medicine, Obstetrics- Gynecology Department, Romania b

Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, Faculty of Medicine, Obstetrics- Gynecology Department, Romania b Mædica - a Journal of Clinical Medicine ORIGINAL PAPERS Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in the Dr. Salvator Vuia Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital - Arad During the 2000-2009 Period Voicu

More information

BIOMECHANICAL MODEL OF VERTEBRA BASED ON BONE REMODELING

BIOMECHANICAL MODEL OF VERTEBRA BASED ON BONE REMODELING FACTA UNIVERSITATIS Series: Medicine and Biology Vol.11, No 1, 2004, pp. 35-39 UC 617-089.843:616.711]:611.018.4:612.017 BIOMECHANICAL MODEL OF VERTEBRA BASED ON BONE REMODELING Janko D. Jovanović 1, Miomir

More information

Object Localization Procedure for Intratumoral Microvessel Density Estimation

Object Localization Procedure for Intratumoral Microvessel Density Estimation Object Localization Procedure for Intratumoral Microvessel Density Estimation OVIDIU GRIGORE ANDRE PUGA Telecommunications and Multimedia Department INESC Porto Praça da Republica 93, 4050-497 Porto PORTUGAL

More information

Age-related structural changes in the myenteric nervous plexus ganglion along the anterior wall of the proximal human duodenum a morphometric analysis

Age-related structural changes in the myenteric nervous plexus ganglion along the anterior wall of the proximal human duodenum a morphometric analysis Vojnosanit Pregl 2013; 70(2): 177 181. VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Strana 177 ORIGINAL ARTICLE UDC:611.89:611.34]:612.67 DOI : 10.2298/VSP1302177M Age-related structural changes in the myenteric nervous plexus

More information

Gynaecological Malignancies

Gynaecological Malignancies Gynaecological Malignancies Dr Rodney Itaki Lecturer Anatomical Pathology Discipline University of Papua New Guinea Division of Pathology School of Medicine & Health Sciences Overview Genital tract tumors

More information

Should Anal Pap Smears Be a Standard of Care in HIV Management?

Should Anal Pap Smears Be a Standard of Care in HIV Management? Should Anal Pap Smears Be a Standard of Care in HIV Management? Gordon Dickinson, M.D., FACP Professor of Medicine and Chief Infectious Diseases, Miller School of Medicine Short Answer: NO But 15-20 HPV

More information

AN OVERVIEW OF THE TRENDS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN BIH

AN OVERVIEW OF THE TRENDS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN BIH Original scientific article DOI: 10.5644/PI2017.168.04 AN OVERVIEW OF THE TRENDS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN BIH Aida Ramić-Čatak Institute for Public Health of the Federation of BiH Corresponding author:

More information

Colposcopy. Attila L Major, MD, PhD

Colposcopy. Attila L Major, MD, PhD Colposcopy Attila L Major, MD, PhD Histology Colposcopy Cytology It has been estimated that annual Pap smear testing reduces a woman s chance of dying of cervical cancer from 4 in 1000 to about 5 in 10,000

More information

Uloga obiteljskog liječnika u prepoznavanju bolesnika s neuroendokrinim tumorom

Uloga obiteljskog liječnika u prepoznavanju bolesnika s neuroendokrinim tumorom Uloga obiteljskog liječnika u prepoznavanju bolesnika s neuroendokrinim tumorom Dr.sc. Davorin Pezerović OB Vinkovci 11.05.2017. For Za uporabu use by Novartisovim speakers predavačima and SAMO appropriate

More information

Original Article CREPT expression correlates with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma histological grade and clinical outcome

Original Article CREPT expression correlates with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma histological grade and clinical outcome Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2017;10(2):2030-2035 www.ijcep.com /ISSN:1936-2625/IJCEP0009456 Original Article CREPT expression correlates with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma histological grade and clinical

More information

Dysplasia THESIS. Jeffrey M. Hagen. Graduate Program in Dentistry. The Ohio State University. Master's Examination Committee:

Dysplasia THESIS. Jeffrey M. Hagen. Graduate Program in Dentistry. The Ohio State University. Master's Examination Committee: CD31: Invasive Predictive Biomarker for Malignant Transformation of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in the Graduate

More information

I have no financial interests in any product I will discuss today.

I have no financial interests in any product I will discuss today. Cervical Cancer Prevention: 2012 and Beyond George F. Sawaya, MD Professor Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California,

More information

Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia

Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia The terminology and pathology of VAIN are analogous to those of CIN (VAIN I-III). The main difference is that vaginal epithelium does not normally have crypts, so the

More information

Cervical Precancer: Evaluation and Management

Cervical Precancer: Evaluation and Management TAJ June 2002; Volume 15 Number 1 ISSN 1019-8555 The Journal of Teachers Association RMC, Rajshahi Review fam Cervical Precancer: Evaluation and Management SM Khodeza Nahar Begum 1 Abstract Carcinoma of

More information

A ngiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is

A ngiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is 921 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Thrombospondin 1 protein expression relates to good prognostic indices in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast A J Rice, M A Steward, C M Quinn... See end of article for authors

More information

Pap Smear Adequacy Is the Assessing Criterion Including Endocervical Cells Really Valid?

Pap Smear Adequacy Is the Assessing Criterion Including Endocervical Cells Really Valid? Coll. Antropol. 26 (2002) 2: 565 570 UDC 618.146-076.5 Original scientific paper Pap Smear Adequacy Is the Assessing Criterion Including Endocervical Cells Really Valid? M. Pajtler 1 and S. Audy-Jurkovi}

More information

THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS LEVEL OF SKIPJACK TUNA BONE MEAL (Katsuwonus pelamis L) IN RATION ON BROILER CARCASS TENDERNESS AND ABDOMINAL FAT

THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS LEVEL OF SKIPJACK TUNA BONE MEAL (Katsuwonus pelamis L) IN RATION ON BROILER CARCASS TENDERNESS AND ABDOMINAL FAT Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 27 (4), p 1727-1731, 2011 ISSN 1450-9156 Publisher: Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun UDC 636.087.6 DOI: 10.2298/BAH1104727L THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS LEVEL OF

More information

Cervical Testing and Results Management. An Evidenced-Based Approach April 22nd, Debora Bear, MSN, MPH

Cervical Testing and Results Management. An Evidenced-Based Approach April 22nd, Debora Bear, MSN, MPH Cervical Testing and Results Management An Evidenced-Based Approach April 22nd, 2010 Debora Bear, MSN, MPH Assistant Medical Director for Planned Parenthood of New Mexico, Inc. Burden of cervical cancer

More information

Correlation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression and Microvessel Density in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Correlation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression and Microvessel Density in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia JM, Blot WJ. Tobacco use and nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a cohort of US veterans. Int J Cancer 1993;55:538 40. (37) Yi Z, Ohshima H, Bouvier G, Roy P, Zhong J, Li B, et al. Urinary excretion of nitrosamino

More information

THE USAGE OF LOW POWER LASER IN THE THERAPY OF PAIN IN THE PATIENTS WITH ACUTE LOW BACK PAIN SYNDROME

THE USAGE OF LOW POWER LASER IN THE THERAPY OF PAIN IN THE PATIENTS WITH ACUTE LOW BACK PAIN SYNDROME ACTA FAC MED NAISS UDC 66.7-009.7:65.849 Original article ACTA FAC MED NAISS 008; 5 ( 3): 7-3 Mandic Milan Rancic Natasa Clinic for Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Protetics, Clinical Center Nis

More information

Head and Neck Cancer Surgery in Elderly: Complications and Survival Rate

Head and Neck Cancer Surgery in Elderly: Complications and Survival Rate Coll. Antropol. 36 (2012) Suppl. 2: 13 17 Original scientific paper Head and Neck Cancer Surgery in Elderly: Complications and Survival Rate Du{an Milisavljevi} 1, Milan Stankovi} 1, Mi{ko @ivi} 1 and

More information

Tumor Angiogenesis: Determined By VEGF Expression, MAGS Scoring, Doppler Study, As Prognostic Indicator In Carcinoma Breast

Tumor Angiogenesis: Determined By VEGF Expression, MAGS Scoring, Doppler Study, As Prognostic Indicator In Carcinoma Breast ISPUB.COM The Internet Journal of Surgery Volume 8 Number 1 Tumor Angiogenesis: Determined By VEGF Expression, MAGS Scoring, Doppler Study, As Prognostic Indicator In Carcinoma Breast R Shankar, S Tiwary,

More information

Korelacija između histomorfometrijskih promena i tipa izolovanih aerobnih bakterija kod hroničnog gnojnog zapaljenja srednjeg uva

Korelacija između histomorfometrijskih promena i tipa izolovanih aerobnih bakterija kod hroničnog gnojnog zapaljenja srednjeg uva Strana 46 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Volumen 68, Broj 1 ORIGINALNI Č LANAK UDC: 579.61:616-078]::616.284-002.2 DOI:10.2298/VSP1101046Z Korelacija između histomorfometrijskih promena i tipa izolovanih aerobnih

More information

Chapter 9, Part 1: Biology of Cancer and Tumor Spread

Chapter 9, Part 1: Biology of Cancer and Tumor Spread PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Name Chapter 9, Part 1: Biology of Cancer and Tumor Spread I. Cancer Characteristics and Terminology Neoplasm new growth, involves the overgrowth of tissue to form a neoplastic mass (tumor).

More information

The Korean Journal of Cytopathology 13(1): 14-20, 2002

The Korean Journal of Cytopathology 13(1): 14-20, 2002 13 1 The Korean Journal of Cytopathology 13(1): 14-20, 2002 : ASCUS 1941 Papanicolaou. The Bethesda System(TBS) 1) 1988, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance(ascus), low-grade squamous

More information

Efficacy of cervical intrarepithelial neoplasia (CIN)

Efficacy of cervical intrarepithelial neoplasia (CIN) The Ulster Medical Journal, Volume 72, No. 1, pp. 10-15, May 2003. Efficacy of cervical intrarepithelial neoplasia (CIN) treatment by cold coagulation A Zawislak, J H Price, H R McClelland, R G N Storey,

More information

Biomed Environ Sci, 2015; 28(1): 80-84

Biomed Environ Sci, 2015; 28(1): 80-84 80 Biomed Environ Sci, 2015; 28(1): 80-84 Letter to the Editor Assessing the Effectiveness of a Cervical Cancer Screening Program in a Hospital-based Study* YANG Yi1, LANG Jing He1, WANG You Fang1, CHENG

More information

Acceptable predictive accuracy of histopathology results by colposcopy done by Gynecology residents using Reid index

Acceptable predictive accuracy of histopathology results by colposcopy done by Gynecology residents using Reid index DOI 10.1007/s00404-012-2569-y GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY Acceptable predictive accuracy of histopathology results by colposcopy done by Gynecology residents using Reid index Hadi Shojaei Fariba Yarandi Leila

More information

Study Number: Title: Rationale: Phase: Study Period Study Design: Centres: Indication Treatment: Objectives: Primary Outcome/Efficacy Variable:

Study Number: Title: Rationale: Phase: Study Period Study Design: Centres: Indication Treatment: Objectives: Primary Outcome/Efficacy Variable: The study listed may include approved and non-approved uses, formulations or treatment regimens. The results reported in any single study may not reflect the overall results obtained on studies of a product.

More information

Cytology/Biopsy/Leep Gynecologic Correlation: Practical Considerations and Approaches.

Cytology/Biopsy/Leep Gynecologic Correlation: Practical Considerations and Approaches. Cytology/Biopsy/Leep Gynecologic Correlation: Practical Considerations and Approaches. Fadi W. Abdul-Karim MD MEd. Professor of Pathology. Vice chair for education. Robert Tomsich Pathology and Lab Med

More information

LESION AT PACIFIC MEDICAL COLLEGE, UDAIPUR. 1. Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Pacific Medical college and hospital, Udaipur.

LESION AT PACIFIC MEDICAL COLLEGE, UDAIPUR. 1. Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Pacific Medical college and hospital, Udaipur. International Journal of Medical Science and Education An official Publication of Association for Scientific and Medical Education (ASME) Original Research Article HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND CYTOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

More information

I have no financial interests in any product I will discuss today.

I have no financial interests in any product I will discuss today. Cervical Cancer Screening Update and Implications for Annual Exams George F. Sawaya, MD Professor Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics

More information

Učestalost lokalno uznapredovalog karcinoma prostate kod bolesnika sa intermedijarnim vrednostima prostata-specifičnog antigena

Učestalost lokalno uznapredovalog karcinoma prostate kod bolesnika sa intermedijarnim vrednostima prostata-specifičnog antigena Volumen 64, Broj 8 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Strana 531 ORIGINALNI Č L A N A K UDC: 616.65-006.6-091.8:616-097.3 Učestalost lokalno uznapredovalog karcinoma prostate kod bolesnika sa intermedijarnim vrednostima

More information

1.Acute and Chronic Cervicitis - At the onset of menarche, the production of estrogens by the ovary stimulates maturation of the cervical and vaginal

1.Acute and Chronic Cervicitis - At the onset of menarche, the production of estrogens by the ovary stimulates maturation of the cervical and vaginal Diseases of cervix I. Inflammations 1.Acute and Chronic Cervicitis - At the onset of menarche, the production of estrogens by the ovary stimulates maturation of the cervical and vaginal squamous mucosa

More information

ROLE OF PROSTATIC BASAL CELL MARKER IN DIAGNOSIS OF PROSTATIC LESIONS

ROLE OF PROSTATIC BASAL CELL MARKER IN DIAGNOSIS OF PROSTATIC LESIONS Original Research Article Pathology International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences ISSN 0975-6299 ROLE OF PROSTATIC BASAL CELL MARKER IN DIAGNOSIS OF PROSTATIC LESIONS SUBATHRA K* Department of pathology,

More information

Value of endothelial markers in accurate assessment of microvessel density (MVD) and thus angiogenesis in invasive ductal breast carcinoma

Value of endothelial markers in accurate assessment of microvessel density (MVD) and thus angiogenesis in invasive ductal breast carcinoma International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 8, Issue 9, September 2018 534 Value of endothelial markers in accurate assessment of microvessel density (MVD) and thus angiogenesis

More information

Effectiveness of various surgical methods in treatment of Hirschsprung s disease in children

Effectiveness of various surgical methods in treatment of Hirschsprung s disease in children Page 246 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Vojnosanit Pregl 2016; 73(3): 246 250. ORIGINAL ARTICLE UDC: 617.55-053.2 DOI: 10.2298/VSP140516002L Effectiveness of various surgical methods in treatment of Hirschsprung

More information

Neoplasia 2018 Lecture 2. Dr Heyam Awad MD, FRCPath

Neoplasia 2018 Lecture 2. Dr Heyam Awad MD, FRCPath Neoplasia 2018 Lecture 2 Dr Heyam Awad MD, FRCPath ILOS 1. List the differences between benign and malignant tumors. 2. Recognize the histological features of malignancy. 3. Define dysplasia and understand

More information

I have no financial interests in any product I will discuss today.

I have no financial interests in any product I will discuss today. Cervical Cancer Screening Update and Implications for Annual Exams George F. Sawaya, MD Professor Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics

More information

A Comparison of Endothelial Cell-Selective Adhesion Molecule and von Willebrand Factor Expression in Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis

A Comparison of Endothelial Cell-Selective Adhesion Molecule and von Willebrand Factor Expression in Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis Original Article Middle East Journal of Cancer; April 2018; 9(2): 85-90 A Comparison of Endothelial Cell-Selective Adhesion Molecule and von Willebrand Factor Expression in Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis

More information

Done by khozama jehad. Neoplasia of the cervix

Done by khozama jehad. Neoplasia of the cervix Done by khozama jehad Neoplasia of the cervix An overview of cervical neoplasia very import. Most tumors of the cervix are of epithelial origin and are caused by oncogenic strains of human papillomavirus

More information

Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia 2

Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia 2 ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PAPER ORIGINALNI NAUČNI RAD ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PAPER EEG ABNORMALITIES AS DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC FACTOR FOR ENCEPHALITIS Aleksandar Gavrilovic 1,2, Svetlana Miletic Drakulic 1,2,

More information

Table S2. Expression of PRMT7 in clinical breast carcinoma samples

Table S2. Expression of PRMT7 in clinical breast carcinoma samples Table S2. Expression of PRMT7 in clinical breast carcinoma samples (All data were obtained from cancer microarray database Oncomine.) Analysis type* Analysis Class(number sampels) 1 2 3 4 Correlation (up/down)#

More information

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in cervical cancer

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in cervical cancer Vojnosanit Pregl 214; 71(11): 997 15. VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Strana 997 ORIGINAL ARTICLES UDC: 616-6::618.146-6-91.8 DOI: 1.2298/VSP1411997M Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in cervical cancer Ekspresija ciklooksigenaze-2

More information

1.The metastatic cascade. 2.Pathologic features of metastasis. 3.Therapeutic ramifications

1.The metastatic cascade. 2.Pathologic features of metastasis. 3.Therapeutic ramifications Metastasis 1.The metastatic cascade 2.Pathologic features of metastasis 3.Therapeutic ramifications Sir James Paget (1814-1899) British Surgeon/ Pathologist Paget s disease of bone Paget s disease of the

More information

CPC on Cervical Pathology

CPC on Cervical Pathology CPC on Cervical Pathology Dr. W.K. Ng Senior Medical Officer Department of Clinical Pathology Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital Cervical Smear: High Grade SIL (CIN III) Cervical Smear: High Grade

More information

New Developments in Immunohistochemistry for Gynecologic Pathology

New Developments in Immunohistochemistry for Gynecologic Pathology New Developments in Immunohistochemistry for Gynecologic Pathology Michael T. Deavers, M.D. Professor, Departments of Pathology and Gynecologic Oncology Immunohistochemistry in Gynecologic Pathology Majority

More information

POST-CONIZATION FOLLOW-UP OF PATIENTS WITH HIGH GRADE SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESION TREATED BY LEEP PROCEDURE: A LITERATURE REVIEW

POST-CONIZATION FOLLOW-UP OF PATIENTS WITH HIGH GRADE SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESION TREATED BY LEEP PROCEDURE: A LITERATURE REVIEW POST-CONIZATION FOLLOW-UP OF PATIENTS WITH HIGH GRADE SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESION TREATED BY LEEP PROCEDURE: A LITERATURE REVIEW Boureima Ali Nafissatou and Dong zhao * Department of Gynecology, Shanghai

More information

Serum Fas/FasL levels in dependence on clinical presentations of coronary disease and their relationship with risk factors

Serum Fas/FasL levels in dependence on clinical presentations of coronary disease and their relationship with risk factors Volumen 67, Broj 7 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Strana 537 O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E UDC: 616.12:616.15-008.854 Serum Fas/FasL levels in dependence on clinical presentations of coronary disease and their

More information

THE EFFECT OF BREED, BOAR AND SEASON ON SOME PROPERTIES OF SPERM

THE EFFECT OF BREED, BOAR AND SEASON ON SOME PROPERTIES OF SPERM Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 29 (2), p 299-310, 2013 ISSN 1450-9156 Publisher: Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun UDC 636.082'643 DOI: 10.2298/BAH1302299S THE EFFECT OF BREED, BOAR AND

More information

Significance of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in skin melanoma

Significance of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in skin melanoma Volumen 67, Broj 9 VOJNOSANITETSKI PREGLED Strana 747 O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E UDC: 616.5-006.81:616-091.8 Significance of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in skin melanoma Značaj ekspresije

More information