AP I f2014 E3 c_5 & 6

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1 AP I f2014 E3 c_5 & 6 Student: Multiple choice questions choose the best answer. True/false answer A for true and B for false 1. The layer within the epidermis that acts as the foundation providing new cells is the. A. stratum corneum B. stratum basale C. basement membrane D. stratum granulosum 2. The superficial cells of the are sloughed off and continually replaced. A. stratum corneum B. stratum basale C. basement membrane D. stratum granulosum 3. Apocrine sweat glands are located A. on the soles of the feet and palms of the hands. B. in the genital and axillary regions. C. on the scalp of the head. D. throughout the body. 4. If body temperature increases above normal, what occurs? A. sweat is produced by both eccrine and apocrine glands B. the nervous system causes blood vessels to dilate C. sweating occurs and blood vessels of the dermis dilate D. sweating occurs and the blood vessels of the dermis contract 1

2 5. The pigment of the skin which contributes to skin coloration is A. hemoglobin. B. melanin. C. keratin. D. carotene. 6. Keratin is a that is secreted by cells of the epidermis to waterproof the skin and protects against abrasion. A. protein B. lipid C. carbohydrate D. lipoprotein 7. Exposure to sunlight stimulates the production of A. melanin. B. vitamin D. C. melanin and vitamin D. D. more skin cells. 8. The epidermis is formed of epithelium, and its outermost layer consists of dead cells filled with. A. stratifed squamous; keratin B. stratified columnar; keratin C. stratified columnar; fat globules D. stratified squamous; fat globules 9. The skin pigment that provides protection from ultraviolet radiation is, which is produced by. A. carotene; hypodermal cells B. hemoglobin; blood cells C. melanin; dermal cells D. melanin; melanocytes 2

3 10. The is composed of fibrous connective tissue whose strength and toughness results from abundant fibers. A. hypodermis; elastic B. dermis; collagen C. dermis; elastic D. hypodermis; collagen 11. The lacks blood vessels and must be nourished by materials diffusing from blood vessels in the. A. dermis; hypodermis B. epidermis; dermis C. epidermis; hypodermis D. hypodermis; dermis 12. Glands secreting an oily liquid into hair follicles are glands. A. sebaceous B. sudoriferous C. eccrine D. apocrine 13. Perspiration contains which of the following substances? A. urea B. water C. salts D. all of the above 14. Which of the following are likely to be destroyed in a third degree burn? A. epidermis B. arrector pili muscles C. sweat glands D. all of the above 3

4 15. In the ABCDE rule for melanoma, which of the following is NOT a warning sign? A. Uneven coloration B. Diameter less than 3mm C. Asymmetric D. Changing size, shape, and elevation 16. In the ABCDE rule for melanoma, "B" stands for A. borders that are even. B. borders that are irregular. C. burning feeling. D. bright colors. 17. Which of the following is the most common type of skin cancer? A. Basal cell carcinoma B. Squamous cell carcinoma C. Melanoma D. Kaposi's sarcoma 18. Which is the most dangerous form of skin cancer? A. Basal cell carcinoma B. Squamous cell carcinoma C. Melanoma D. Both basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma 19. What type of skin gland secretes earwax? A. Sebaceous gland B. Eccrine sweat gland C. Apocrine sweat gland D. Ceruminous gland 20. Exposure to sunlight is the most common cause of skin cancer. 4

5 21. The skin is both an organ and an organ system. 22. The ABCDE rule is used to determine the skin area involved in a burn. 23. The stratum basale is supplied with sensory nerves to detect pain, temperature, and touch. 24. The epidermis is very vascular. 25. The dermal papillae, found in the hypodermis, create the unique fingerprints of individuals. 26. An adult with third-degree burns over 15% of their body would NOT be considered critical. 27. Many age-related changes to the skin appear to be due to sun damage. 28. The skin aids the urinary system by excreting water and small amounts of other wastes through perspiration. 29. Which of the following is a function of the skeleton? A. Produces blood cells B. Provides sites for muscle attachment C. Protects internal organs D. All apply. 5

6 30. What are the bones storage depots for? A. Calcium and vitamin D B. Fat and vitamin C C. Calcium and white blood cells D. Calcium, fat, and phosphate 31. The end of a long bone is the A. diaphysis. B. periosteum. C. shaft. D. epiphysis. 32. The shaft of a long bone is the A. periosteum. B. diaphysis. C. articular cartilage. D. endosteum. 33. The medullary cavity contains A. yellow marrow. B. spongy bone. C. the periosteum. D. red marrow. 34. Red marrow A. produces blood cells. B. is located in spongy bone. C. is located in the epiphyseal plate. D. produces blood cells and is located in spongy bone. 35. What are the cells found within an osteon? A. Osteoblasts B. Osteocytes C. Epiphysealcytes D. Chondrocytes 6

7 36. Which of the following is NOT a feature of compact bone? A. Lacunae B. Lamellae C. Trabeculae D. Osteon 37. What structures allow osteocytes to access nutrients and oxygen? A. Trabeculae B. Lamella C. Canaliculi D. Articular cartilage 38. What is found in the medullary cavity of an adult long bone? A. Red bone marrow B. Fat C. Calcium D. Blood vessels 39. Which of the following are the bone-eating (resorbing) cells? A. Osteoprogenitor cells B. Osteocytes C. Osteoblasts D. Osteoclasts 40. What type of cells secrete the matrix of bone? A. Osteoprogenitor cells B. Osteoblasts C. Osteocytes D. Osteoclasts 41. Which would form by way of intramembranous ossification? A. Humerus B. Metacarpal C. Frontal bone D. Clavicle 7

8 42. During endochondral ossification A. hyaline cartilage changes to adipose tissue. B. osteoblasts break down bone. C. hyaline cartilage is replaced by bone. D. simple fractures are more common. 43. What structure is the site of bone growth in length? A. Primary ossification center B. Epiphyseal plates C. Periosteum D. None apply. 44. The addition of new bone on top of existing bone to increase bone thickness is called A. endochondral ossification. B. intramembranous ossification. C. osteoprogenesis. D. appositional growth. 45. Osteoblasts are the cells that secrete the organic matrix of bone. 46. Once a person reaches adulthood, they no longer form new bone. 47. Spongy bone is not as strong as compact bone. 48. The endosteum is the tough connective tissue covering the bone. 49. Compact bone is the main bone tissue found in the epiphyses of long bones. 8

9 50. Arthritis and osteoporosis are common diseases of the skeletal system due to aging. See extra credit on next page 9

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