Biology Diagrams. Biology Review

Transcription

1 Biology Diagrams Biology Review

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3 Matching A) Light source B) Respiratory System C) Mitochondria D) Nucleus E) Vacuole F) Cytokinesis G) Daughter cells H) Interphase I) Telophase J) Ocular lens K) Fine adjustment knob L) White blood cells M) Coarse adjustment knob N) Organelle O) Chromosomes P) Cilia Q) DNA R) Diaphragm S) Cell membrane T) Respiration U) Cell Theory V) Objective lenses W) Body tube X) Mutation Y) Digestive System Z) Red blood cells AA) Plasma BB) Connective tissue CC) Muscle tissue DD) Nerve tissue EE) Circulatory system FF) Epithelial tissue GG) platelets HH) Mitosis II) Veins JJ) Arteries KK) Capillaries LL) Prophase MM) Anaphase NN) Metaphase OO) Nervous System Answer Column A 1. Magnifies the object on a microscope. 2. Stores water, wastes, and other substances inside a cell. 3. Infection-fighting blood cells 4. Detects movement or moves to create a current in the surrounding liquid around a cell. 5. Large molecules that carry genetic information. 6. A random change in a cell s genetic information. 7. Blood cell that aids in clotting. 8. Supports the cell and allows some substances to move in and out of the cell. 9. The adjustment knob that is NOT used with medium or high power objective lenses 10. An environmental factor that causes cancer. 11. Division of a cell s cytoplasm and organelles. 12. transports oxygen, nutrients, wastes, hormones, and other substances to and from all the cells in the body. 13. tissue composed of living cells and non-living materials that supports, protects and connects the body s organs. 14. The part of the cell cycle when the chromosomes are pulled toward opposite sides of the cell. 15. Division of the nucleus. 16. The name of the new cells once a cell divides. 17. The part of the cell cycle that includes growth of the cell and preparation for division. 18. Carries blood away from the heart under pressure 19. Tissue made up cells that shorten or contract to allow to allow movement. 20. Protects internal structures, and supports the body, and allows the body to move. 21. Allows the exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes between the blood an the body tissues. 22. Takes in oxygen from the air and removes carbon dioxide from the body. 23. Carries blood toward the heart under low pressure. 24. Blood cell that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide to the body. 25. Tissue that covers surfaces and lines internal organs.

4 Multiple Choice 1. What happens during telophase? a) The chromosomes thicken and become visible b) The chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell. c) The daughter chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell. d) The daughter chromosomes stretch out and become invisible again. 2. Which blood component is responsible for blood clotting? a) Red blood cells b) White blood cells c) Platelets d) plasma 3. Which organelle contains the cell s DNA? a) Cell membrane b) Nucleus c) Cilia d) mitochondria 4. Which type of cell can divide many times without specializing? a) Nerve b) Muscle c) Epithelial d) Stem 5. Which organ systems work together to remove carbon dioxide from the body? a) Digestive system and circulatory system b) Respiratory system and digestive system c) Respiratory system and circulatory system d) Circulatory system and nervous system 6. The final stage of cell division when the cytoplasm divides is known as a) Cytokinesis b) Mitosis c) Anaphase d) Telophase 7. In which organ are cardiac muscles found? a) Nerves b) Lung c) Heart d) Small intestine 8. Which of the following is connective tissue? a) Veins b) Neurons c) Bone d) Epithelial 9. What is the function of epithelial tissue? a) To support, protect, and connect the body s organs b) To cover body surfaces and lien internal organs c) To contract and produce movement d) To sense information about our surroundings 10. Which of the following diseases is not a respiratory disease? a) Emphysema b) Colitis c) Influenza d) Tuberculosis

5 Chapter 2 Review Please answer the following in complete sentences. 1. Explain why cells divide as an organism grows, rather than just getting larger. (2.2, 2.3) 2. Describe the differences between a benign tumour and a malignant tumour. Which one is more dangerous? Explain why. 3. Describe the difference between cytokinesis and mitosis. 4. Describe the function of red blood cells and nerve cells. 5. Draw and briefly describe the phases of mitosis. 6. What states that the basic unit of living things is the cell? 7. Where is the cell s genetic information found? 8. A cell with 22 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes will be in each cell that is produced 9. List three reasons why cells divide.

6 10. Explain the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction. 11. List three stages of the cell cycle. 12. Why are carcinogens harmful to cells? Provide an example of a carcinogen. 13. Skin cell divide frequently, making new cells. What has to happen to the chromosomes in a skin cell each time it divides? 14. Identify these specialized cells from the descriptions of their functions (p.55). Cells that move bones Cells that cover the body and help keep moisture inside Cells that distribute oxygen and remove carbon dioxide Cells that transmit electrical signals from the brain 15. Name three organ systems and their functions.

7 16. How does connective tissue differ from other tissues? 17. Describe the difference between smooth and striated muscles. 18. How are stem cells different from other body cells? Describe an obstacle that stands in the way of stem cell therapy. 19. Describe the four components of blood and the tasks they perform in the body. 20. List the biological levels of organization in order. 21. What kind of muscle causes the heart to beat? What makes this kind of muscle different from the muscles in the digestive system? 22. Describe how the respiratory, digestive, and circulatory systems work together to provide our cells with essential materials. 23. Name the four major types of tissue in the human body. Give an example of where in the body you would find each of the four major types of tissues. 24. Name five organs that were visible in the fish dissection that are also in the human body.

8 Additional Questions (All of these questions are extra practice for your test. Take the time in and out of class to complete each question) Chapter 2 Self Quiz: p #1-22, 28, 30, 31 Review: p #1-2, 4-6, 8-10, 11, 14, 15, 19, 21, 24, 29 Chapter 3 Self Quiz: p.108 #1-14, 18-20, 22, Review: p.110 #1-7, 9, 11, 13, 19, 21 Take responsibility for your own learning