Shirin Abadi, B.Sc.(Pharm.), ACPR, Pharm.D. Clinical Pharmacy Specialist & Pharmacy Education Coordinator, BC Cancer Agency Clinical Associate
|
|
- Elijah Montgomery
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Shirin Abadi, B.Sc.(Pharm.), ACPR, Pharm.D. Clinical Pharmacy Specialist & Pharmacy Education Coordinator, BC Cancer Agency Clinical Associate Professor of Pharmacy & Associate Member of Medicine, UBC September 16 th, 2014
2 1. Define the term microorganism. 2. Differentiate between gram positive, gram negative & anaerobic bacteria. 3. Identify the factors that contribute to antimicrobial efficacy. 4. Describe the mechanisms of action of betalactams, macrolides, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, quinolones, glycopeptides & oxazolidinones. 5. List the common side effects associated with antibiotics. 6. Explain the most common mechanisms of antibiotic resistance.
3 Organisms of microscopic size Consist of a single cell or cluster of cells Examples: Bacteria Viruses Fungi Protozoa Algae Good or bad?
4 Microscopic Single-celled Prokaryotic Fission/Spores Ubiquitous
5 Spherical (Cocci) Example: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Rod-shape (Bacilli) Example: E. coli, Klebsiella, Spiral Example: Spirochaeta,
6 Differentiate bacteria into two large groups: Gram Positive thick cell wall (peptidoglycan layer) violet or purple Gram Negative thin cell wall (peptidoglycan layer) red or pink
7 Examples: Staphylococcus Streptococcus Enterococcus Corynebacterium Listeria
8 Examples: E. coli Klebsiella H. influenzae N. meningitidis Pseudomonas
9 Examples: Bacteroides Clostridium Actinomyces
10 Large group Diverse structures Different mechanisms of actions Different types: Bacteria Antibacterials Viruses Antivirals Fungi Antifungals Parasites Antiparasitic agents
11 Inhibit: Cell wall synthesis Cell membrane synthesis 30s and 50s ribosomal subunits synthesis Nucleic acid metabolism Topoisomerases function Viral proteases Viral integrases Viral envelope fusion proteins Folate synthesis Chemical detoxification processes (e.g., in parasites)
12 Bug sensitive to drug Penetrate site of infection: Physical barriers for drug to traverse (e.g., epithelial & endothelial cells & type of junction between cells) Chemical properties of drug (e.g., hydrophilic or hydrophobic) Presence of multidrug transporters (e.g., P- glycoprotein) Achieve concentration above MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) during dosing interval
13 Examples: Penicillins Cephalosporins Carbapenems Mechanism of Action: Inhibit synthesis of bacterial peptidoglycan cell wall
14 Products of actinomycetes (soil bacteria) Examples: Erythromycin Azithromycin Clarithromycin Mechanism of Action: Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes
15 Examples: Gentamicin Tobramycin Amikacin Mechanism of Action: Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes
16 Examples: Tetracycline Doxycycline Minocycline Mechanism of Action: Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes
17 Examples: Levofloxacin Ciprofloxacin Moxifloxacin Mechanism of Action: Inhibit DNA gyrase/topoisomerase inhibit bacterial DNA replication
18 Example: Vancomycin Mechanism of Action: Inhibits cell wall synthesis in Gram Positive bacteria, by binding to the D-alanyl-D-alanine terminus of cell wall precursor units
19 Example: Linezolid Mechanism of Action: Inhibits protein synthesis by binding at the P site of the 50S ribosomal subunits
20 Rash Diarrhea Abdominal pain Nausea/vomiting Drug fever Hypersensitivity (allergic) reactions Photosensitivity Headache Dizziness Taste alterations
21 entry of antibiotic into pathogen export of antibiotic by efflux pumps Release of microbial enzymes that destroy antibiotic Alteration of microbial proteins that transform pro-drugs to effective moieties Alteration of target proteins Development of alternative pathways to those inhibited by antibiotic Goodman & Gilman, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 12 th Ed, 2011
22 Diverse & large number of microorganisms Bacteria: Gram Positive Gram Negative Anaerobes Antimicrobials: Different types Different mechanisms of action Efficacy depends on sensitivities, penetration, and concentration at site of infection Prone to resistance, side effects, & drug interactions
23
B. Incorrect! Peginterferon α-2a is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and may be preferable to interferon- α.
Pharmacology - Problem Drill 24: Antibiotics, Antifungal and Antiviral Drugs Question No. 1 of 10 1. reduces the replication of influenza A and B viruses by inhibiting viral neuraminidase. Question #01
More informationTopical antimicrobial agents in wound care. Professor Val Edwards-Jones Manchester Metropolitan University UK
Topical antimicrobial agents in wound care Professor Val Edwards-Jones Manchester Metropolitan University UK Antimicrobial agents Antibacterial agents Antifungal agents Antiviral agents Antiparasitic agents?others
More informationVancomycin. A bactericidal drug which acts by inhibiting cell wall synthesis. Active only against gram-positive bacteria, particularly staphylococci.
Vancomycin A bactericidal drug which acts by inhibiting cell wall synthesis. Active only against gram-positive bacteria, particularly staphylococci. Used IV in treating endocarditis caused by methicillin-resistant
More informationgram neg.(semisynthetic) Bacteria Drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis Drug Action Organisms Comments Spectrum of Action Mycobacterium
Mickey Dufilho s Drugs and Bugs Revised 10/10/15 Bacteria Drugs that Inhibit Cell Wall Synthesis Drug Action Spectrum of Action Comments Spectrum of Action Bacitracin Beta-Lactam antibiotics Penicillin
More informationlife-threatening infections
Vancomycin Vancomycin has become increasingly important in the treatment of life-threatening infections. MRSA infections. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) infections Enterococcal
More informationAntibiotics for Research
Antibiotics for Research Natural antibiotics have existed for centuries prior to scientists identifying and isolating active moieties responsible for antibacterial activity. Today antibiotics are widely
More informationProkaryotic Cell Structure
Prokaryotic Cell Structure Chapter 3 Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes DNA Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Organelles Size & Organization Kingdoms 1 Where do viruses fit in? Acellular microorganisms Cannot reproduce outside
More informationProkaryotic Cell Structure
Prokaryotic Cell Structure Chapter 3 Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes DNA Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Organelles Size & Organization Kingdoms Where do viruses fit in? Acellular microorganisms Cannot reproduce outside
More informationClassification of Infectious Agents. Dr W. D. Colby
Classification of Infectious Agents Dr W. D. Colby Nonliving Infectious Agents PRIONS: abnormally configured self-replicating protein templates VIRUSES: nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) genes packaged in protein
More information5/6/17. Diseases. Disease. Pathogens. Domain Bacteria Characteristics. Bacteria Viruses (including HIV) Pathogens are disease-causing organisms
5/6/17 Disease Diseases I. II. Bacteria Viruses (including HIV) Biol 105 Chapter 13a Pathogens Pathogens are disease-causing organisms Domain Bacteria Characteristics 1. Domain Bacteria are prokaryotic.
More informationBiodiversity: prokaryotes & viruses
Biodiversity: prokaryotes & viruses All three domains contain microscopic organisms. Focus now: Prokaryotes Prokaryotes in general Asexual, single-celled, no nucleus or organelles, circular DNA Can live
More informationHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
The Microbial Size The Viruses Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Electron Micrograph Images of Viruses Influenza virus (RNA virus) Rotavirus (RNA virus) Adenovirus, showing
More informationAnti-Microbial Drugs
Name: Date: Monday March 7 th 2011 Class: I "Pharmacology Anti-Microbial Drugs Lecture 5 د. حيدر الشكرجي Macrolides: Anti-Microbial Drugs Erythromycin was the 1 st of macrolides to find clinical application,
More informationProtein Synthesis Inhibitors. Ass Prof. Dr. Naza M. Ali 15 Nov 2018 Lec 8
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors Ass Prof. Dr. Naza M. Ali 15 Nov 2018 Lec 8 These drugs selectively inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. The selectivity is due to the differences between bacterial and human
More information2018 Science Olympiad: Microbe Mission - Sample Tournament Div C
2018 Science Olympiad: Microbe Mission - Sample Tournament Div C Section A: Types of cells and their parts 1. Please state if the cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Then label the following molecular components
More informationAntibiotics acting on Protein Synthesis E. Westhof
Antibiotics acting on Protein Synthesis E. Westhof 1. Considérations générales et introductives 1 Facts about Antibiotics Alexander Fleming (1928) discovered penicillin Ignored until early 1940s with extensive
More informationAcute Bacterial Sinusitis: The latest treatment recommendations. Objectives Having completed the learning activities, the participant will be able to:
Acute Bacterial Sinusitis: The latest treatment recommendations Presented by: Monica Tombasco, MS, MSNA, FNP-BC, CRNA Senior Lecturer Fitzgerald Health Education Associates, Inc., North Andover, MA Emergency
More informationCases in employees. Cases. Day of onset (July)
Cases in employees 70 60 50 Cases 40 30 20 10 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 Day of onset (July) 70 60 50 40 Cases 30 Cases in employees and visitors Employees Visitors 20 10 0 0 2 4 6 8
More informationAntimicrobial prophylaxis in liver transplant A multicenter survey endorsed by the European Liver and Intestine Transplant Association
Antimicrobial prophylaxis in liver transplant A multicenter survey endorsed by the European Liver and Intestine Transplant Association Els Vandecasteele, Jan De Waele, Dominique Vandijck, Stijn Blot, Dirk
More information8/13/2009. Diseases. Disease. Pathogens. Domain Bacteria Characteristics. Bacteria Shapes. Domain Bacteria Characteristics
Disease Diseases I. Bacteria II. Viruses including Biol 105 Lecture 17 Chapter 13a are disease-causing organisms Domain Bacteria Characteristics 1. Domain Bacteria are prokaryotic 2. Lack a membrane-bound
More informationMicrobiology - Problem Drill 16: Antibiotics. Question No. 1 of 10. Question. Feedback. Question
Microbiology - Problem Drill 16: Antibiotics No. 1 of 10 1. An effective chemotherapeutic drug should have. (A) Low therapeutic index (B) More toxicity (C) Selective toxicity (D) Mutation inducing properties
More informationBacteria. Bacteria and Archaea are both: unicelluar (single-celled) prokaryotes (lacking a nucleus and membrane bound organelles)
Bacteria Bacteria and Archaea are both: unicelluar (single-celled) prokaryotes (lacking a nucleus and membrane bound organelles) 1 Grouped by their need for oxygen obligate anaerobes are poisoned by oxygen
More informationDevelopment of C sporins. Beta-lactam antibiotics - Cephalosporins. Second generation C sporins. Targets - PBP s
Beta-lactam antibiotics - Cephalosporins Development of C sporins Targets - PBP s Activity - Cidal - growing organisms (like the penicillins) Principles of action - Affinity for PBP s Permeability properties
More informationMacrolides, Clindamycin & Ketolides Polymyxins
Macrolides, Clindamycin & Ketolides Polymyxins Kwan Soo Ko Macrolides - Erythromycin - Azithromycin - Clarithromycin Lincosamides - Lincomycin - Clindamycin Unrelated chemically But, many similar biological
More informationNormal Human Flora. (Human Microbiome) Dr.Sarmad M.H. Zeiny Baghdad College of Medicine
Normal Human Flora (Human Microbiome) Dr.Sarmad M.H. Zeiny Baghdad College of Medicine 2014-2015 Objectives Describe important human normal flora. Demonstrate the epidemiology of human normal flora. Determine
More informationnumber Done by Corrected by Doctor Hamed Al Zoubi
number 8 Done by م ها أبو عجمي ة Corrected by Mamoon Alqtamin Doctor Hamed Al Zoubi The last page includes definitions for the underlined asterisked words *, You can skip Extra notes, Enjoy! A Brief Introduction
More informationI. Bacteria II. Viruses including HIV. Domain Bacteria Characteristics. 5. Cell wall present in many species. 6. Reproduction by binary fission
Disease Diseases I. Bacteria II. Viruses including are disease-causing organisms Biol 105 Lecture 17 Chapter 13a Domain Bacteria Characteristics 1. Domain Bacteria are prokaryotic 2. Lack a membrane-bound
More informationCHAPTER ONE: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
CHAPTER ONE: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction Scope and Methodology Total Size and Growth of the Market Issues and Trends Affecting Market Leading Competitors CHAPTER TWO: INTRODUCTION AND INDUSTRY TRENDS
More informationOther β-lactam. A. Carbapenems:
A. Carbapenems: Other β-lactam Carbapenems are synthetic β-lactam antibiotics Differ in structure from the penicillins in that the sulfur atom of the thiazolidine ring. Imipenem, meropenem, doripenem,
More informationList of teams: Practice question: Which of the following individuals was among the first to recognize the importance of handwashing?
List of teams: 1. Group 1 - Room 304 - Dr. Dobkin 2. Group 2 - Room 306 - Dr. Yin 3. Group 3 - Room 308 - Dr. Lowy 4. Group 4 - Room 310 - Dr. Neu 5. Group 5 - Room 316 - Dr. Prince 6. Group 6 - Room 320
More information1. Which of the following statements concerning Plasmodium vivax is TRUE?
1 Microm 301 Final Exam 2012 Practice Questions and Key 1. Which of the following statements concerning Plasmodium vivax is TRUE? A. It infects all stages of erythrocytes (immature, mature, and senescent).
More informationMedicinal Chemistry 410 Exam #1 February 20, 2009 Name: Med. Chem. #
Medicinal Chemistry 410 Exam #1 February 20, 2009 ame: Med. Chem. # 1 Part. (75 Points) There are 50 multiple choice questions worth 1.5 points each (75 Points). Please use the cantron heet provided. f
More informationBUGS and DRUGS Part 2 March 13, 2013 Marieke Kruidering- Hall
BUGS and DRUGS Part March, 0 Marieke Kruidering- Hall BIOGRAPHY: Marieke Kruidering- Hall is Associate Professor in the Department of Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology. She was born in the Netherlands.
More informationAminoglycosides. Not orally absorbed. Interact with negatively charged lipopolysaccharide on Gram- cell wall. Aminoglycoside properties
Aminoglycosides Tobramycin Kanamycin H2N Gentamicin Amikacin NHCOCHCH2CH2NH2 OH Aminoglycosides made of linked sugars. Decorated with many OH and NH2 groups, which render these compounds positively charged
More informationMICROBIOLOGY ROBERT W. BAUMAN. Chapter 14. Pathogenicity
MICROBIOLOGY ROBERT W. BAUMAN Chapter 14 Pathogenicity Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity Pathogenicity -The ability to cause disease Virulence - The extent of pathogenicity Virulence Factors Adhesion
More informationProtein Synthesis Inhibitors
Frank Lowy Protein Synthesis Inhibitors This lecture discusses a diverse group of antibiotics that are grouped together because they all have a common mechanism of action they are protein synthesis inhibitors.
More informationAntibiotics, Expectorants, and Cough Suppressants. Center For Cardiac Fitness Pulmonary Rehab The Miriam Hospital
Antibiotics, Expectorants, and Cough Suppressants Center For Cardiac Fitness Pulmonary Rehab The Miriam Hospital Objectives Review the mechanism of action (MOA), dosing, benefits, and various options for:
More informationProtein Synthesis Inhibitors
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors Macrolides - Lincosamides Aminoglycosides Tetracyclines Chloramphenicol Oxazolidinones Streptogramins Lecture Outline Description of protein synthesis - translation Antibiotics
More informationLaboratory CLSI M100-S18 update. Paul D. Fey, Ph.D. Associate Professor/Associate Director Josh Rowland, M.T. (ASCP) State Training Coordinator
Nebraska Public Health Laboratory 2008 CLSI M100-S18 update Paul D. Fey, Ph.D. Associate Professor/Associate Director Josh Rowland, M.T. (ASCP) State Training Coordinator Agenda Discuss 2008 M100- S18
More informationNon-Beta-lactam Antibiotic: Testing and Desensitization
Non-Beta-lactam Antibiotic: Testing and Desensitization David A. Khan, MD Professor of Medicine Allergy & Immunology Program Director Division of Allergy & Immunology 1 Disclosures n Research Grants n
More informationAdenium Biotech. Management: - Peter Nordkild, MD, CEO, ex Novo Nordisk, Ferring, Egalet - Søren Neve, PhD, project director, ex Lundbeck, Novozymes
Adenium Biotech Management: - Peter Nordkild, MD, CEO, ex Novo Nordisk, Ferring, Egalet - Søren Neve, PhD, project director, ex Lundbeck, Novozymes Board of Directors: - Stephan Christgau, PhD, chairman,
More informationOverview of Translation (2) Protein Synthesis Inhibitors. Overview of Translation (3) Lecture Outline. Overview of Translation (1)
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors Macrolides - Lincosamides Aminoglycosides Tetracyclines Chloramphenicol Streptogramins Oxazolidinones Overview of Translation (2) Initiation trna + AA binds translation elongation
More informationPHARMACOKINETIC & PHARMACODYNAMIC OF ANTIBIOTICS
PHARMACOKINETIC & PHARMACODYNAMIC OF ANTIBIOTICS SITI HIR HURAIZAH MD TAHIR Bpharm (UKM), MSc (Clinical Microbiology) (UoN) CLINICAL PHARMACIST HOSPITAL MELAKA WHY STUDY PHARMACOKINETICS (PK) AND PHARMACODYNAMICS
More informationBeta-lactamase production should have no effect on Azithromycin activity.
AZIMEX Composition Azimex 250 Capsules Each capsule contains Azithromycin (as dihydrate) 250 mg Capsules Azimex 500 mg Capsules Each capsule contains Azithromycin (as dihydrate) 500 mg Action Azithromycin
More informationBacteria & Viruses. Biology Science Department
Bacteria & Viruses What do you already know? What are the differences between viruses and bacteria? Are all bacteria harmful? When you get a cold, should you take an antibiotic to help you get better?
More informationAntibiotics and Ribosomes as Drug Targets
Antibiotics and Ribosomes as Drug Targets www.biochemj.org/bj/330/0581/bj3300581.htm Professor Vassie Ware Bioscience in the 21 st Century November 5, 2012 PERSPECTIVE Widespread use of antibiotics after
More informationnumber Done by Corrected by Doctor Dr. Hamed Al Zoubi
number Done by Corrected by 46 2017/9/20 Doctor Dr. Hamed Al Zoubi 66 /8486535 مركز الرائد للخدمات الطالبية 66 /8486535 مركز الرائد للخدمات الطالبية 2 nd year Medical Students JU Bacterial Structure and
More informationMicrobes as Agents of Infectious Disease
Microbes as Agents of Infectious Disease Normal Flora Virulence and Pathogenicity Toxicity vs. Invasiveness WE ARE NOT ALONE! We are outnumbered. The average human contains about 10 trillion cells. On
More informationMicrobes as Agents of Infectious Disease
Microbes as Agents of Infectious Disease Normal Flora Virulence and Pathogenicity Toxicity vs. Invasiveness WE ARE NOT ALONE! We are outnumbered. The average human contains about 10 trillion cells. On
More informationMicrobiology. Morphology & Ultra-Structure of Microorganism. Prof. Dr. Batool Hassan Al-Ghurabi
Microbiology Morphology & Ultra-Structure of Microorganism Prof. Dr. Batool Hassan Al-Ghurabi Microbiology: the study of organisms too small to be seen without magnification. Micro - too small to be seen
More informationInfectious agents: A multitude of microscopic invaders
From bacteria to parasites: Understanding infections Substances that invade your body live everywhere in the air, on food and plants, on and in animals, in the soil and water, and on just about every other
More informationMicrobiology. Microbiology
Microbiology Microbiology What are GERMS? What are GERMS? Microorganisms that make you sick (pathogens) There are many different types of microorganisms: Bacteria (strep throat, food poisoning like E.
More informationBacteria and Viruses. Chapter 20 Biology II
Bacteria and Viruses Chapter 20 Biology II 3 Domains of Living Organisms Section 1 - Bacteria Prokaryotes Oldest living things on Earth Date back 3.5 mya Single-celled organisms No membrane bound organelles
More informationControl of mycoplasma infection of poultry by antibiotics
Control of mycoplasma diseases of poultry, swine and cattle Control of mycoplasma infection of poultry by antibiotics László Stipkovits and Susan Szathmáry RT-Europe Research Center, Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
More informationTreatment of febrile neutropenia in patients with neoplasia
Treatment of febrile neutropenia in patients with neoplasia George Samonis MD, PhD Medical Oncologist Infectious Diseases Specialist Professor of Medicine The University of Crete, Heraklion,, Crete, Greece
More informationCell Structure. Morphology of Prokaryotic Cell. Cytoplasmic Membrane 4/6/2011. Chapter 3. Cytoplasmic membrane
Cell Structure Chapter 3 Morphology of Prokaryotic Cell Cytoplasmic membrane Delicate thin fluid structure Surrounds cytoplasm of cell Defines boundary Defines boundary Serves as a selectively permeable
More informationUnit II Problem 2 Microbiology Lab: Pneumonia
Unit II Problem 2 Microbiology Lab: Pneumonia - What are the steps needed to obtain a proper sputum specimen? You need the following: A wide-mouth labeled container. Gloves. Water. Mouth wash + tissues.
More informationILOs. 10/10/2016 Maha Fathy 2
ILOs 1- List different components of bacterial cell. 2-Describe structure of cell wall of Gram +ve and ve bacteria 3-Recognize role of cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane in survival and growth of bacterial
More informationHelicobacter 2008;13:1-6. Am J Gastroent 2007;102: Am J of Med 2004;117:31-35.
An Update on Helicobacter pylori and Its Treatment Trenika Mitchell, PharmD, BCPS Clinical Assistant Professor University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy October 18, 2008 Objectives Review the epidemiology
More informationI is a cascading prodrug. II is used to treat hepatitis B infection III ultimately inhibits viral reverse transcriptase.
Medicinal Chemistry 410 Exam #1 February 19, 2010 ame: Med. Chem. # 1 Part. (75 Points) There are 50 multiple choice questions worth 1.5 points each (75 Points). Please use the cantron heet provided. f
More informationUrinary Tract Infections: From Simple to Complex. Adriane N Irwin, MS, PharmD, BCACP Clinical Assistant Professor Ambulatory Care October 25, 2014
Urinary Tract Infections: From Simple to Complex Adriane N Irwin, MS, PharmD, BCACP Clinical Assistant Professor Ambulatory Care October 25, 2014 Learning Objectives Develop empiric antimicrobial treatment
More informationChapter 4 Inflammation and Infection
Chapter 4 Inflammation and Infection Defense Mechanisms Three lines of defense protect the body against foreign invasion: Physical or surface barriers Inflammation Immune response Inflammation Non-specific
More informationMANAGEMENT of BACTERIAL RHINOSINUSITIS
MANAGEMENT of BACTERIAL RHINOSINUSITIS Jennifer Le, PharmD Assistant Professor of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences Martin S. Lipsky, MD Dean and Professor of
More information5 Infections. To be used in conjunction with NICE guidance, The British National Formulary for adults and/or children and
5 Infections To be used in conjunction with NICE guidance, The British National Formulary for adults and/or children and Southend University Hospital, Antibiotic Guidelines Index 5.1 Antibacterial drugs
More informationThis letter authorises the extended use of the following guidance until 1st December 2018:
NHS Grampian Westholme Woodend Hospital Queens Road ABERDEEN AB15 6LS NHS Grampian Date 29 1h May 2018 Our Ref FApenicillin/hype/MGPG/May 18 Enquiries to Frances Adamson Extension 56689 Direct Line 01224
More informationChapter 13 Viruses, Viroids, and Prions. Biology 1009 Microbiology Johnson-Summer 2003
Chapter 13 Viruses, Viroids, and Prions Biology 1009 Microbiology Johnson-Summer 2003 Viruses Virology-study of viruses Characteristics: acellular obligate intracellular parasites no ribosomes or means
More informationAntibiotics.. Tetracyclines. Aminoglycoside. Macrolides. Chloramphenicol
Antibiotics. Tetracyclines. Aminoglycoside. Macrolides. Chloramphenicol Antibiotics as disturber with the biosynthesis of protein These antibiotics all target the bacterial ribosome and interfere in the
More informationUniversity of Alberta Hospital Antibiogram for 2007 and 2008 Division of Medical Microbiology Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
University of Alberta Hospital Antibiogram for 2007 and 2008 Division of Medical Microbiology Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology This material is supported in part by unrestricted educational
More informationA.Kavitha Assistant professor Department of Botany RBVRR Womens college
A.Kavitha Assistant professor Department of Botany RBVRR Womens college The Ultrastructure Of A Typical Bacterial Cell The Bacterial Cell This is a diagram of a typical bacterial cell, displaying all of
More informationMahon: Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology, 4 th Edition
Mahon: Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology, 4 th Edition Chapter 01: Bacterial Cell Structure, Physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. To survive, microbial inhabitants have learned
More informationAntibiotics: Definition CHAPTER 37. Antibiotics. NDEG 26 A Pharmacology I Eliza Rivera-Mitu, RN, MSN. Antibiotics: Classes
CHAPTER 37 Antibiotics NDEG 26 A Pharmacology I Eliza Rivera-Mitu, RN, MSN Antibiotics: Definition Medications used to treat bacterial infections Ideally, before beginning antibiotic therapy, the suspected
More informationCOMPLETE DIGESTIVE STOOL ANALYSIS - Level 2
COMPLETE DIGESTIVE STOOL ANALYSIS - Level 2 MACROSCOPIC DESCRIPTION Stool Colour Brown Brown Colour - Brown is the colour of normal stool. Other colours may indicate abnormal GIT conditions. Stool Form
More informationRespiratory tract infections. Krzysztof Buczkowski
Respiratory tract infections Krzysztof Buczkowski Etiology Viruses Rhinoviruses Adenoviruses Coronaviruses Influenza and Parainfluenza Viruses Respiratory Syncitial Viruses Enteroviruses Etiology Bacteria
More informationTranslocation Studies Mid-Term Review (MTR) Meeting Marseille, France
Marie Curie Actions Research Training Networks (RTN) Translocation Studies Mid-Term Review (MTR) Meeting Marseille, France F. Vidal-Aroca, M.G.P. Page and J. Dreier Background Deteriorating situation regarding
More informationThis material is supported in part by unrestricted educational grants from: Abbott, Bayer HealthCare, Merck Frosst, Roche Diagnostics, and Wyeth Inc.
Division of Medical Microbiology Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Alberta Hospital and Stollery Children's Hospital Antibiogram 2006 This material is supported in part by unrestricted
More informationBacteriology Virology Mycology Parasitology Immunology Pathology Epidemiology. Microbe alternate terms Germs, microorganisms, pathogens, agents, bugs
1 BIO 205 Microbiology for Health Professionals The study of microscopic agents as they relate to human health The causes of infectious disease. The control of infectious disease. Host defenses against
More informationMechanisms of Pathogenicity
Mechanisms of Pathogenicity The Microbes Fight Back Medically important bacteria Salmonella Bacillus anthracis Shigella dysenteriae Campylobacter Shigella sonnei Clostridium botulinum Staphylococcus aureus
More informationTetracyclines Chloramphenicol Aminoglycosides Macrolides
Protein synthesis inhibitors Antimicrobial protein synthesis inhibitors Joseph K. Ritter, PhD Assoc. Prof Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology MSB Room 536 jritter@mail2.vcu.edu 828-1022 Tetracyclines
More informationChapter 39 Viruses. Viruses are tiny. They are much smaller (50 times) than a bacterium.
Chapter 39 Viruses Viruses are tiny. They are much smaller (50 times) than a bacterium. They are not made of cellsand cannot reproduceon their own. Therefore they are not alive according to our rules.
More informationA Novel Lantibiotic Acting on Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis Produced by the Uncommon FLAVIA MARINELLI. DBSM, University of Insubria, Varese Italy
A Novel Lantibiotic Acting on Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis Produced by the Uncommon Actinomycete Planomonospora sp. FLAVIA MARINELLI DBSM, University of Insubria, Varese Italy Vicuron Pharmaceuticals,
More informationWORKSHOP. The Multiple Facets of CAP. Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) continues. Jennifer s Situation
Practical Pointers pointers For for Your your Practice practice The Multiple Facets of CAP Dr. George Fox, MD, MSc, FRCPC, FCCP Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) continues to be a significant health burden
More informationMICROBIOLOGY - An Overview
MICROBIOLOGY - An Overview Hieucam Phan, MD Pediatrics St. Luke s Hospital San Francisco, CA Microbiology 6/01 1 Introduction Major Achievements of Medical Sciences in the 20th Century Microbiology DNA
More informationZINEX. Composition Each tablet contains Cefuroxime (as axetil) 250 or 500 mg
ZINEX Composition Each tablet contains Cefuroxime (as axetil) 250 or 500 mg Tablets Action Cefuroxime axetil owes its bactericidal activity to the parent compound cefuroxime. Cefuroxime is a well-characterized
More informationSuperbugs in Dental Practice: A Narrative Review
Anushka Gupta, Nagesh Lakshminarayan REVIEW ARTICLE 10.00/jpjournals... 1 Anushka Gupta, 2 Nagesh Lakshminarayan ABSTRACT Microbes do undergo perpetual mutations, thus they evolve swiftly. This may have
More informationNBCE MOCK BOARD QUESTIONS Microbiology, Public Health, and Immunology
NBCE MOCK BOARD QUESTIONS Microbiology, Public Health, and Immunology 1. What occurs in a primary lymphoid tissue? A. Lymphocytes respond to antigens B. Lymphocytes process antigens C. Lymphocytes produce
More informationPHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY JIGAR SHAH INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY NIRMA UNIVERSITY
PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY JIGAR SHAH INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY NIRMA UNIVERSITY VIRUS - HISTORY In 1886, the Dutch Chemist Adolf Mayer showed TMD In 1892, the Russian Bactriologist Dimtri Iwanowski isolate
More informationAXITAB-CV TAB. COMPOSITION :
AXITAB-CV TAB. COMPOSITION : Each film coated tablet contains: Cefuroxime Axetil I.P. Eq. to Anhydrous 500mg. Potassium Clavulanate Diluted I.P. Eq. to Clavulanic Acid 125mg DESCRIPTION : Cefuroxime Axetil
More informationPHARMACOKINETICS OF COLISTIN IN
PHARMACOKINETICS OF COLISTIN IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS WITH MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT GRAM- NEGATIVE BACILLI INFECTION JOURNAL CLUB PRESENTATION Amal M. Al-Anizi, PharmD Candidate KSU, Infectious disease rotation
More informationBacteria. Remember they are everywhere! In your food (yogurt), air (germs) on your body (remember our video?)
Bacteria Remember they are everywhere! In your food (yogurt), air (germs) on your body (remember our video?) Anton van Leeuwenhoek found them by accident. Remember him? Bacteria are prokaryotes. The genetic
More informationIn Vitro Susceptibilities of Aerobic and Facultative Non-Spore- Forming Gram-Positive Bacilli to HMR 3647 (RU 66647) and 14 Other Antimicrobials
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY, May 1998, p. 1028 1033 Vol. 42, No. 5 0066-4804/98/$04.00 0 Copyright 1998, American Society for Microbiology In Vitro Susceptibilities of Aerobic and Facultative
More informationBiology. Chapter 19. Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea. Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr. Cengage Learning 2015
Biology Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr Chapter 19 Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea 19.1 What Are Viruses? Viruses: noncellular infectious agents Consists of a protein coat around a core of
More informationAilyn T. Isais-Agdeppa, MD*, Lulu Bravo, MD*
A FIVE-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY ON THE COMMON MICROBIAL ISOLATES AND SENSITIVITY PATTERN ON BLOOD CULTURE OF PEDIATRIC CANCER PATIENTS ADMITTED AT THE PHILIPPINE GENERAL HOSPITAL FOR FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA
More informationPATHOGENS AND DEFENCE AGAINST INFECTIOUS DISEASE. By: Stephanie, Emily, Cem, and Julie
PATHOGENS AND DEFENCE AGAINST INFECTIOUS DISEASE By: Stephanie, Emily, Cem, and Julie Pathogen Pathogen: an organism or virus that causes a disease. Examples: bacteria, fungi, protozoa, virus Disease Cause
More informationUnit 5: The Kingdoms of Life Module 12: Simple Organisms
Unit 5: The Kingdoms of Life Module 12: Simple Organisms NC Essential Standard: 1.2.3 Explain how specific cell adaptations help cells survive in particular environments 2.1.2 Analyze how various organisms
More informationMICROORGANISM NORMAL FLORA AND PATHOGENS
MICROORGANISMS: NORMAL FLORA AND PATHOGENS BELL WORK- GO TO PAGE 468 IN NEW BOOK; READ THE GIVEN DEFINITIONS AND FIRST THREE PARAGRAPHS AND GIVE A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FOLLOWING: MICROORGANISM PATHOGENIC
More informationAmino glycosides. Initially passively diffuses via porin channels and then actively transported
Pharmacology Week 7 Amino glycosides Streptomycin, Gentamicin, Amikacin Physical and chemical properties Water soluble, stable in solution, more active in alkaline ph MOA: Irreversible inhibitors of protein
More informationHANDS Instant Sanitizing Wipes
HANDS Instant Sanitizing Wipes TECH DATA BULLETIN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Sani Professional Hands Instant Sanitizing Wipes are nonwoven cloth saturated with an ethyl alcohol solution for the antimicrobial
More informationCHOWDHURY MRA 1, AZAD KAK 2, HOSSAIN MZ 3, SARDAR MH 4, SIDDIQUI MR 5, SAAD S 6, RAHMAN MM 7
ORIGINAL ARTICLES MICROBIAL ASPECT OF ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA IN PATIENTS WITH ALTERED CONSCIOUSNESS ADMITTED IN DHAKA MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL, BANGLADESH CHOWDHURY MRA 1, AZAD KAK 2, HOSSAIN MZ 3, SARDAR
More informationClassification of Diseases
Classification of Diseases Disease Any condition that causes the systems of a plant or animal to not function properly. How diseases occur Sporadic: isolated incident in a single animal Enzootic: disease
More informationThe legally binding text is the original French version TRANSPARENCY COMMITTEE OPINION. 18 October 2006
The legally binding text is the original French version TRANSPARENCY COMMITTEE OPINION 18 October 2006 CUBICIN 350 mg (daptomycin), powder for perfusion solution Box of 1 bottle (CIP code: 567 219-3) CUBICIN
More information