Epidemiological studies have shown an association between
|
|
- Rudolph Ellis
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Change in 1 HDL Concentration Predicts Progression in Coronary Artery Stenosis Bela F. Asztalos, Marcelo Batista, Katalin V. Horvath, Caitlin E. Cox, Gerard E. Dallal, Josh S. Morse, Greg B. Brown, Ernst J. Schaefer Objective We examined the effects of simvastatin-niacin and antioxidant vitamins on changes in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subpopulations and alterations in coronary artery stenosis, as assessed by angiography. Methods and Results Lipids, lipoproteins, and HDL particles were measured on and off treatment in 123 subjects of the HDL-Atherosclerosis Treatment Study. Patients were assigned to 4 treatment groups, simvastatin-niacin, simvastatinniacin-antioxidant vitamins, antioxidant vitamins, and placebo. Subjects were followed for 3 years on treatment and then for 2 months off treatment. Simvastatin-niacin significantly increased the 2 large apoa-i containing HDL subpopulations, 1 and pre 1, and significantly decreased the 2 smallest particles, pre 1 and 3, compared with values obtained from the same patients off treatment. Adding antioxidant vitamins to the lipid-modifying agents blunted these effects (not significant). A significant negative correlation (r 0.235; P 0.01) between the changes in 1 HDL particle concentration and coronary artery stenosis was noted. Subjects in the third tertile (157% increase in 1 ) had no progression of stenosis in the 3-year follow-up period, whereas subjects in the first tertile (15% decrease in 1 ) had an average of 2.1% increase in stenosis. Conclusions Simvastatin-niacin therapy significantly increased the large apoa-i containing 1 HDL particles. This increase was significantly associated with less progression of coronary stenosis even after adjusting for traditional risk factors. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003;23: ) Key Words: HDL subpopulations coronary heart disease coronary stenosis statin niacin Epidemiological studies have shown an association between high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) as well as low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and premature coronary heart disease (CHD). 1 5 Moreover, each 1% reduction in LDL-C level or 1% increase in HDL-C level results in an approximately 1% to 2% reduction in CHD risk. 2,6 Accumulating evidence suggests that HDL is a heterogeneous group of particles differing not only in size and composition but also in physiological functions Many laboratories have published data indicating that the large HDL subpopulation containing apolipoprotein (apo) A-I only (LpA-I) carries more antiatherogenic properties than the smaller LpA-I:A-II particles Recently we have documented that monotherapy with different statins not only normalizes lipids but also shifts the HDL subpopulation profile toward normal. 12,15 Although statins increase HDL-C by 4% to 6% and apoa-i by 1%, they increase the large, LpA-I -1 by 14% to 52% and pre -1 by 19% to 89%, depending on type and dose of statin. Niacin has been reported to raise HDL-C up to 30% and to selectively raise LpA-I levels while slightly decreasing LpA-I:A-II levels. 16,17 The precise protective role of HDL-C is not completely understood. There may be value in determining which HDL subpopulation is responsible for the protection against CHD and to define which HDL subpopulations are affected by drugs used for treating lipid disorders. We have developed a quantitative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoblot, image analysis method for separating HDL subpopulations in plasma. 11,18 Most apoa-i containing particles have mobility and have been classified as 1, 2, and 3 with sizes of 11.2, 9.51, and 7.12 nm, respectively. We have demonstrated that 1, along with the pre and pre mobility particles, contains apoa-i without apoa-ii; therefore, these particles are termed LpA-I HDL. ApoA-II is present only in the 2 and 3 HDL subpopulations; consequently, these 2 subpopulations are LpA-I:A-II HDL particles. 19 We have reported a strong positive correlation between HDL-C and the 1 HDL subpopulation 19 and reported that the concentrations of the large, cholesterol-rich, Received January 21, 2003; revision accepted February 19, From the Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging at Tufts University and Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Diabetes, and Molecular Medicine (B.F.A., M.B., K.V.H., C.E.C., G.E.D., E.J.S.), New England Medical Center, Boston, Mass, and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.S.M., G.B.B.), University of Washington, Seattle, Wash. Correspondence to Bela F. Asztalos, PhD, JM-USDA/HNRC at Tufts University, Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA bela.asztalos@tufts.edu 2003 American Heart Association, Inc. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. is available at DOI: /01.ATV BB 847
2 848 Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. May 2003 LpA-I 1 and pre 1 HDL subpopulations are lower whereas the concentrations of the TG-rich LpA-I:A-II 3 are higher in patients with CHD compared with controls. 11 In the present study, we investigated the effects of simvastatin plus niacin, antioxidant vitamins, and simvastatinniacin plus antioxidants combination therapy on the apoa-i containing HDL subpopulation profiles of patients with CHD. We hypothesized that treatment with simvastatin plus niacin would normalize not only the apob-containing lipoproteins but also the HDL subpopulation profile of patients with CHD. Methods Subjects and Study Design We received plasma samples from 123 patients in the HDL-Atherosclerosis Treatment Study (HATS), 20 which enrolled 160 patients with clinical coronary disease (defined as previous myocardial infarction, coronary interventions, or confirmed angina) and with 3 or more stenoses of at least 30% of the luminal diameter or 1 stenosis of at least 50%. All patients had low levels of HDL-C ( 35 in men and 40 in women), LDL-C levels of 145, and TG levels 400. Male patients (n 108) were younger than 63 years and female patients (n 15) were younger than 70 years of age. The trial was carried out in a double-blinded, placebocontrolled fashion with a two-by-two factorial design. The four regimens were as follows: (1) simvastatin plus niacin with antioxidant vitamin placebo (S N); (2) simvastatin-niacin plus antioxidant vitamins (S N antiox); (3) antioxidant vitamins with placebos for simvastatin and niacin (antiox); and (4) all placebos (placebo). Patients randomly received one of these treatments for 36 months and were also seen at 38 months off study medication. An LDL-C target level of 140 was set for all of the subjects regardless of allocation into the treatment groups. Patients receiving placebo were given 10 to 20 mg of simvastatin if their LDL-C level was 140 or higher. The primary end points were change in coronary stenosis (defined by arteriography) and occurrence of a first cardiovascular event (death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or revascularization). We received plasma samples from patients taken at 2 time points, 24 months (on treatment) and 38 months (off treatment). Treatments Treatments have previously been described in detail by Brown et al. 20,21 Patients received a mean dose of mg/d simvastatin and mg/d niacin in the S N group and mg/d simvastatin and mg/d niacin and antioxidant vitamins in doses of IU vitamin E, mg vitamin C, and 95 5 g selenium per day in the S N antiox group. In the antioxidant group, subjects received IU vitamin E, mg vitamin C, and 93 7 g selenium. To reach the LDL-C goal ( 140 ), 3 subjects in the placebo group and 4 subjects in the antioxidant group had been receiving simvastatin treatment at the 24-month blood-sampling period in mg/d and mg/d mean doses, respectively. All subjects received counseling for a healthy lifestyle and raising HDL levels. Emphasis was also placed on weight loss, smoking cessation, and monounsaturated fat consumption. Lipoprotein Analyses Fasting plasma concentrations of TG and total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol were determined by Northwest Lipid Research Laboratories using standard techniques. 21,22 ApoA-I and apoa-ii values were determined by immuno-turbidometric assays. 23 Remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) measurements were carried out using immuno-separation technique (Japan ImmunoResearch Laboratories). 24 Quantitative coronary angiography was performed at the Cardiology Department of the University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, at baseline and at 36 months. 20,21 TABLE 1. Values Obtained On and Off Medication and Changes () on Simvastatin-Niacin for 2 Years (n 30) Off Medication, Male/female 28/2 On Medication, TC * LDL-C * HDL-C * VLDL-C * RLP-C TG * apoa-i apoa-ii pre * pre * * * pre * pre * pre pre 1 / * values represent the mean individual changes SD To convert cholesterol values to millimoles per liter, divide by To convert triglyceride values to millimoles per liter, divide by *P P 0.01 Two-dimensional nondenaturing agarose-polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis and image analysis for determining the apoa-i containing and apoa-ii containing HDL subpopulations were carried out on plasma previously stored at 80 C, as described. 18,19 For quality-control purposes, a plasma sample stored frozen at 80 C in single-use aliquots was included with each run. The CVs were 10% for the mobility subpopulations and 15% for the rest of the particles. Statistical Analysis Values of the measured parameters of each patient obtained on treatment (24 months) and off treatment (38 months) were compared by the Wilcoxon matched-pair signed-rank test. Pearson correlation analysis was used to estimate the correlation between changes in coronary stenosis and the changes in HDL subpopulation profile. Data were log-transformed to bring the individual distributions closer to normal and make the associations more linear. A multiple regression analysis was also performed when data were adjusted for other independent risk factors. Statmost and SYSTAT software packages were used for the statistical analyses. Results In Tables 1 through 4, we present the biochemical parameters of patients off and on treatments and the changes of these parameters after receiving simvastatin plus niacin (S N), simvastatin-niacin plus antioxidant (S N Antiox), antioxidant (Antiox), and placebo (placebo) treatments for 2 years. On S N treatment (Table 1), there were significant decreases in TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C, RLP-C, plasma TG, and apoa-ii concentrations (27%, 36%, 35%, 15%, 27%, and 7%, respectively). HDL-C and apoa-i levels were increased significantly by 20% and 7%, respectively. S N treatment also
3 Asztalos et al Coronary Stenosis and HDL Subpopulations 849 TABLE 2. Values Obtained On and Off Medication and Changes () on Simvastatin-Niacin-Antioxidant Vitamins for 2 Years (n 28) Off Medication, Male/female 22/6 On Medication, TC * LDL-C * HDL-C * VLDL-C RLP-C * TG * apoa-i * apoa-ii pre * pre * * pre * pre * pre pre 1 / * values represent the mean individual changes SD. *P P TABLE 3. Values Obtained On and Off Treatment and Changes () After Treatment With Antioxidant Vitamins for 2 Years (n 33) Off Treatment, Male/female 28/5 On Treatment, TC LDL-C HDL-C VLDL-C RLP-C TG apoa-i apoa-ii pre * pre pre pre pre pre 1 / values represent the mean individual changes SD. *P P P caused significant changes in all but 2 apoa-i containing HDL subspecies. The small pre 1 and 3 particles decreased significantly by 39% and 17%, respectively. The 1, 2, pre 1, and pre 2 particles significantly increased by 115%, 27%, 311%, and 77%, respectively. There was a significant decrease in the mean value of the pre 1 / 1 ratio (58%). Treatment with simvastatin-niacin plus antioxidants (Table 2) also altered significantly the concentrations of all the measured plasma parameters except apoa-ii. The mean decreases in TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C, RLP-C, and TG were 23%, 29%, 38%, 17%, and 27%, respectively. In contrast, HDL-C and apoa-i increased significantly by 21% and 10%, respectively, on this treatment. Pre 1 and 3 decreased significantly (37% and 7%, respectively). The 1, 2, and all of the pre -mobility particles increased significantly by 90%, 23%, 173%, 83%, and 35%, respectively. The pre 1 / 1 ratio decreased significantly by 62%. The third group of patients was treated with antioxidant vitamins (Table 3). During this treatment, none of the measured plasma parameters changed significantly; however, there was a trend for antioxidants to increase concentrations of VLDL-C, RLP-C, and plasma TG. Pre 1 and pre 2 HDL decreased significantly by 22% and 18%, whereas concentrations of the other particles increased, but only the changes in pre 2 (16%) reached significance. The ratio of pre 1 / 1 tended to decrease. In the placebo-treated group (Table 4), the mean value of TC and LDL-C decreased significantly by 7% and 9%, and HDL-C increased significantly by 8%. Pre 1 decreased significantly by 32%. The larger spherical particles, 1, 2, pre 1, and pre 2, increased significantly by 42%, 13%, 97%, and 46%, respectively. The increases in pre 2 and pre 3 were not significant. The ratio of pre 1 / 1 decreased significantly (41%). A significant negative correlation was found between the mean change of the large apo-a-i containing 1 HDL subpopulations and the mean change in coronary stenosis (r 0.235; P 0.01), and a positive correlation was found between the mean change in pre 1 / 1 ratio and the mean change of coronary stenosis (r 0.202; P 0.02) using data from all subjects in the regression analysis. Changes in the concentrations of 1 HDL particles and coronary stenosis were also compared after subjects were divided into tertiles based on the changes in the concentrations of 1 HDL (Table 5). Subjects in the first tertile, whose mean values of 1 HDL decreased by 15%, increased their mean coronary stenosis by 2.1%. Subjects in the second tertile with a 48% increase in 1 had a mean increase in coronary stenosis of 1.4%. Subjects in the third tertile had a mean increase in 1 HDL of 157% with no change in coronary stenosis. Discussion In the present study, we wished to address 3 questions. How does simvastatin and niacin treatment modify the HDL subpopulation profile of patients with hypoalphalipoproteinemia? How does treatment with antioxidants alone or in combination with S N modify the HDL subpopulation profile in the same subjects? Is there any correlation between
4 850 Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. May 2003 TABLE 4. Values Obtained On and Off Treatment and Changes () After Treatment With All Placebos for 2 Years (n 30) Off Treatment, Male/female 28/2 On Treatment, TC LDL-C HDL-C VLDL-C RLP-C TG apoa-i apoa-ii pre * pre pre pre pre pre 1 / * Values are mean SD. values represent the mean individual changes SD. *P P changes in HDL subpopulation profiles and coronary artery stenosis? We received samples collected after 2 months off treatment (38 months) and samples collected at 24 months on treatment of 123 participants of the HATS. We assumed that the plasma biochemical parameters collected 2 months off treatment were similar to those parameters at baseline (0 month). To test this assumption, we compared the lipid and apoa-i values obtained from samples collected at baseline and at 38 months (off treatment). HDL-C was 3.4% higher (P 0.05) at baseline than at 38 months, but no other parameters were significantly different at these 2 time points. We also compared lipid data obtained at 24 and 36 months (time point of arteriography) and found no significant differences in the values obtained at these 2 time points. We determined the concentrations of apoa-i and apoa-ii in all HDL subpopulations by two-dimensional nondenaturing gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting, and image analysis. On both lipid-modifying treatments (S N and S N antiox), the apoa-i contents of the small particles, pre 1 and 3, decreased; in contrast, those of the larger particles increased. We attribute these changes at least partially to CETP activity, which is decreased on statin therapy. 25 However, the increases in the mean values of 1 and pre 1 (115% and 311%) are much larger than can be achieved by statin monotherapy. 15 This finding is in agreement with recently published data on the HATS study indicating a 47% increase in the concentration of apoa-i in the large LpA-I (9.2 to 11.2 nm) HDL. 26 Plasma apoa-ii concentrations decreased significantly (P 0.01) only in the S N-treated group. This was the only TABLE 5. Mean Changes in the Concentrations of 1 -HDL Particles and Coronary Stenosis After Dividing Subjects Into Tertiles Based on Changes in 1 Particle Levels n Stenosis 1st tertile nd tertile rd tertile group with significant increase in the apoa-i:a-ii ratio in plasma. This ratio was more complex in the 2 LpA-I:A-II HDL subpopulations, 2 and 3. In the S N, S N antiox, and placebo-treated groups, the apoa-i:a-ii ratio increased significantly (P 0.05) in the larger -2 HDL subpopulation because of a significant increase in apoa-i and no change in apoa-ii concentration. In the same 3 groups, both apoa-i and apoa-ii decreased in the smaller 3 particles, resulting in no change in the apoa-i/a-ii ratio. There were some differences in the average changes of the measured parameters between the groups treated with S N versus the group treated with S N antiox. The addition of antioxidants to S N treatment blunted the response for treatment by 22% and 44% in case of 1 and pre 1 particles, respectively, despite a similar increase in HDL-C concentration on S N and S N antiox. This finding illustrates how lipid-modifying medications are able to alter the HDL subpopulation profile independently of changing HDL-C level. We postulate that the size and chemical composition of HDL is more important than HDL-C level in determining risk for CHD. 11,27 We hypothesize that the large, cholesterol-rich LpA-I 1 and pre 1 particles have the most antiatherogenic properties and are sensitive markers of an antiatherogenic lipoprotein profile. Recently we demonstrated that 4 statins (atorvastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, and lovastatin), at common therapeutic doses, increased the levels of these HDL particles in patients with CHD. 12,15 We have also documented that there is a wide range of individual responses for statin treatments in terms of changing the concentrations of plasma lipids and HDL subpopulations. In this study, we also found large differences in individual responses to the treatments. The individual responses and the mean changes in the concentrations of 1 are presented in the Figure. The mean changes in 1 HDL were positive for all 4 groups. However, some patients responded to the lipid-lowering treatments with decreased concentrations of HDL-C and 1. This broad range of variation in response to lipid-lowering therapy in the measured lipid and HDL parameters is not fully understood. Earlier we found that subjects with low HDL-C or high LDL-C levels responded better to treatment with different statins than subjects with the opposite lipid profile. 15 Probably different genetic, lifestyle, or other pathological factors influence the response to lipid-lowering treatments. After correlating all of the apoa-i containing HDL subpopulations with changes in coronary stenosis, we found a significant negative correlation (r 0.235; P 0.01) between the changes in the concentrations of the large 1 HDL subpopulation and changes of coronary stenosis when data from all subjects, regardless of treatment, were compared.
5 Asztalos et al Coronary Stenosis and HDL Subpopulations 851 Individual variations in the concentration of 1 HDL particles after receiving the following 4 different treatments for 2 years: all placebos (Placebo), simvastatin niacin (S N), simvastatin niacin antioxidant vitamins (S N Antiox), or antioxidant vitamins (Antiox). Percent changes were calculated between on and off treatments for each individual. Solid lines represent the mean changes. This correlation was still significant when the data were adjusted for other risk factors (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, apob, age, sex, diabetes, and smoking status). It is worth noting that in the first tertile, with a 15% decrease in 1 and a 2.1% increase in stenosis, 30% of the subjects received all placebos and 50% received antioxidant treatment, whereas 20% received S N alone or in combination with antioxidants. On the other hand, in the third tertile, with a 157% increase in 1 and no change in the mean level of stenosis, 15% of the patients received all placebos and 8% received antioxidant treatments, whereas 85% received S N alone or in combination with antioxidants. No significant correlation between changes in other HDL subpopulations and changes in stenosis was noticed. The correlation between the ontreatment concentrations of 1 HDL and changes in coronary stenosis was also negative (r 0.189) but not significant (P 0.06). We still do not have enough information to speculate whether the high concentration of 1 HDL particles alone or as part of a specific HDL subpopulation profile, marked with high level of 1, is responsible for the protective effect against arteriosclerosis. We have to mention that not only 1 but also all of the pre mobility particles concentrations are lower in patients with CHD and increase during statin monotherapy or combination therapy. 12,15 In particular, pre 1 is sensitive to the above-mentioned therapies, because its concentration increased 3-fold more than 1 on statin and niacin therapy. Our finding that S N treatment increased the largest HDL particles ( 1 and pre 1 ) the most is in line with the observation that HDL2 increased the most on this same treatment. 21 We agree with the concept of Fielding that the discoidal pre 1 HDL particles pick up cholesterol at the periphery and mature into large spherical -mobility particles as cholesterol is esterified by the action of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase. 8 We have preliminary data indicating a significant negative correlation between the pre 1 and 1 HDL subpopulations (unpublished data, 2002). Considering these data, we believe that the pre 1 / 1 ratio is a measure of the efficiency of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), and a significant decrease in this rate indicates enhanced RCT. It is assumed that increased RCT, accompanied by decreased cholesterol concentrations in LDL, VLDL, and remnant-like particles plus decreased plasma TG, represents an improved lipoprotein profile and a decreased risk for atherosclerosis. Our data indicate that treatment with simvastatin plus niacin normalized not only the lipid but also the HDL subpopulation profile of patients with CHD. The most important changes are probably the significant increases in 1 and pre 1 and the significant decrease in pre 1 HDL subpopulations. Moreover, the mean changes in the concentration of 1 and the pre 1 / 1 ratio are significantly correlated with the mean change in coronary artery stenosis. These data are consistent with the concept that increasing 1 HDL decreases progression of coronary artery stenosis. Acknowledgments This study was supported by KOS Pharmaceuticals, Inc (Miami, Fla) and by the National Institutes of Health (grant HL-64738). References 1. Miller GJ, Miller NE. Plasma high density lipoprotein concentration and development of ischemic heart disease. Lancet. 1975;1: Gordon DJ, Probstfield JL, Garrison RJ, Neaton JD, Castelli WP, Knoke JD, Jacobs DR, Bangdiwala S, Tyroler HA. High density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular disease: four prospective American studies. Circulation. 1989;79: Krauss RM. Triglycerides and atherogenic lipoproteins: rationale for lipid management. Am J Med. 1998;105:48S 62S. 4. Goldbourt U, Yaari S, Medalie JH. Isolated low HDL cholesterol as a risk factor for coronary heart disease mortality: a 21-year follow-up of 8000 men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1997;17: von Eckardstein A, Assmann G. Prevention of coronary heart disease by raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2000;11: Wilson PW, Anderson KM, Castelli WP. Twelve-year incidence of coronary heart disease in middle-aged adults during the era of hypertensive therapy: Framingham Offspring Study. Am J Med. 1991;90: Mowri HO, Patsch W, Smith LC, Gotto AM, Patsch JR. Different reactivities of high-density lipoprotein2 subfractions with hepatic lipase. J Lipid Res. 1992;33: Castro GR, Fielding CJ. Early incorporation of cell-derived cholesterol into pre- -migrating high-density lipoprotein. Biochemistry. 1988;27: Miida T, Kawano M, Fielding CJ, Fielding PE. Regulation of the concentration of pre high-density lipoprotein in normal plasma by cell membranes and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity. Biochemistry. 1992;31: von Eckardstein A, Huang Y, Assmann G. Physiological role and clinical relevance of high density lipoprotein subclasses. Curr Opin Lipidol. 1994;5: Asztalos BF, Roheim PS, Milani RL, Lefevre M, McNamara JR, Horvath KV, Schaefer EJ. Distribution of ApoA-I-containing HDL subpopulations in patients with coronary heart disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2000;20: Asztalos BF, Horvath KV, McNamara JR, Roheim PS, Rubinstein JJ, Schaefer EJ. Effects of atorvastatin on the HDL subpopulation profile of coronary heart disease patients. J Lipid Res. 2002;43: Cheung MC, Brown BG, Wolf AC, Albers JJ. Altered particle size distribution of apolipoprotein A-I containing lipoproteins in subjects with coronary heart disease. J Lipid Res. 1991;32: Fruchart JC, Ailhaud G. Apolipoprotein A-containing lipoprotein particles: physiological role, quantification, and clinical significance. Clin Chem. 1992;38:
6 852 Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. May Asztalos BF, Horvath KV, McNamara JR, Roheim PS, Rubinstein JJ, Schaefer EJ. Comparing the effects of five different statins on the HDL subpopulation profiles of coronary heart disease patients. Atherosclerosis. 2002;164: Elam MB, Hunninghake DB, Davis KB, Garg R, Johnson C, Egan D, Kostis JB, Sheps DS, Brinton EA. Effect of niacin on lipid and lipoprotein levels and glycemic control in patients with diabetes and peripheral artery disease. JAMA. 2000;284: Atmeh RF, Shepherd J, Packard CJ. Subpopulations of apolipoprotein A-I in human high density lipoproteins: their metabolic properties and response to drug therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1983;751: Asztalos BF, Sloop CH, Wong L, Roheim PS. Two-dimensional electrophoresis of plasma lipoproteins: recognition of new apo A-I-containing subpopulations. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993;1169: Asztalos BF, Lefevre M, Foster TA, Tulley R, Widhauser M, Wong L, Roheim PS. Normolipidemic subjects with low HDL cholesterol levels have altered HDL subpopulations. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1997; 17: Brown GB, Zhao XQ, Chait A, Frohlich J, Cheung M, Heise N, Dowdy A, DeAngelis D, Fisher LD, Albers J. Lipid altering or antioxidant vitamins for patients with coronary disease and very low HDL cholesterol? The HDL-Atherosclerosis Treatment Study design. Can J Cardiol. 1998;14(suppl A):6A 13A. 21. Brown GB, Zhao XQ, Chait A, Fisher LD, Cheung M, Morse JS, Dowdy AA, Marino EK, Bolson EL, Alaupovich P, Frohlich J, Albers JJ. Simvastatin and niacin, antioxidant vitamins, or the combination for the prevention of coronary disease. N Engl J Med. 2001;345: Cheung MC, Zhao XQ, Chait A, Albers JJ, Brown GB. Antioxidant supplements block the response of HDL to simvastatin-niacin therapy in patients with coronary artery disease and low HDL. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2001;21: Contois JH, McNamara JR, Lammi-Keefe CJ, Wilson PWF, Massov T, Schaefer EJ. Reference intervals for plasma apolipoprotein A-I determined with a standardized commercial immunoturbidometric assay: results from the Framingham Offspring Study. Clin Chem. 1996;42: Nakajima K, Saito T, Tamura A, Suzuki M, Nakano T, Adachi M, Tanaka A, Tada N, Nakamura H, Campos E, Havel RJ. Cholesterol in remnant-like lipoproteins in human serum using monoclonal anti apob-100 and anti apoa-i immunoaffinity mixed gels. Clin Chim Acta. 1993;223: Guerin M, Lassel TS, Le Goff W, Farnier M, Chapman MJ. Action of atorvastatin in combined hyperlipidemia: preferential reduction of cholesterol ester transfer from HDL to VLDL1 particles. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2000;20: Brown GB, Cheung MC, Lee AC, Zhao XQ, Chait A. Antioxidant vitamins and lipid therapy. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2002;22: Sweetnam PM, Bolton CH, Yarnel IW, Bainton D, Baker IA, Elwood PC, Miller NE. Associations of HDL2 and HDL3 cholesterol subfractions with the development of ischemic heart disease in British men. Circulation. 1994;90:
Effects of atorvastatin on the HDL subpopulation profile of coronary heart disease patients
Effects of atorvastatin on the HDL subpopulation profile of coronary heart disease patients Bela F. Asztalos, 1, * Katalin V. Horvath,* Judith R. McNamara,* Paul S. Roheim, Joel J. Rubinstein, and Ernst
More informationKatsuyuki Nakajima, PhD. Member of JCCLS International Committee
Katsuyuki Nakajima, PhD Member of JCCLS International Committee Visiting Professor and Scientist Tufts University, Boston, MA & Framingham Offspring Study, Framingham, MA August 20 th, 2011, Tokyo Framingham
More informationBehind LDL: The Metabolism of ApoB, the Essential Apolipoprotein in LDL and VLDL
Behind LDL: The Metabolism of ApoB, the Essential Apolipoprotein in LDL and VLDL Sung-Joon Lee, PhD Division of Food Science Institute of Biomedical Science and Safety Korea University Composition of Lipoproteins:
More informationRole of Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein in Coronary Artery Disease Patients With Normal Plasma Cholesterol Levels. Small Dense KATAGIRI, MD, FJCC
J Cardiol 2000 ; 36: 371 378 Small Dense Role of Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein in Coronary Artery Disease Patients With Normal Plasma Cholesterol Levels Shinji Tsutomu Taro Keiko Takeshi Minoru Hiroshi
More informationEffect of pravastatin on LDL particle concentration as determined by NMR spectroscopy: a substudy of a randomized placebo controlled trial
European Heart Journal (2003) 24, 1843 1847 ARTICLE IN PRESS Clinical research Effect of pravastatin on LDL particle concentration as determined by NMR spectroscopy: a substudy of a randomized placebo
More informationHigh density lipoprotein metabolism
High density lipoprotein metabolism Lipoprotein classes and atherosclerosis Chylomicrons, VLDL, and their catabolic remnants Pro-atherogenic LDL HDL Anti-atherogenic Plasma lipid transport Liver VLDL FC
More informationThere are many ways to lower triglycerides in humans: Which are the most relevant for pancreatitis and for CV risk?
There are many ways to lower triglycerides in humans: Which are the most relevant for pancreatitis and for CV risk? Michael Davidson M.D. FACC, Diplomate of the American Board of Lipidology Professor,
More informationThe inhibition of CETP: From simply raising HDL-c to promoting cholesterol efflux and lowering of atherogenic lipoproteins Prof Dr J Wouter Jukema
The inhibition of CETP: From simply raising HDL-c to promoting cholesterol efflux and lowering of atherogenic lipoproteins Prof Dr J Wouter Jukema Dept Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden,
More informationATP IV: Predicting Guideline Updates
Disclosures ATP IV: Predicting Guideline Updates Daniel M. Riche, Pharm.D., BCPS, CDE Speaker s Bureau Merck Janssen Boehringer-Ingelheim Learning Objectives Describe at least two evidence-based recommendations
More informationTreatment of Atherosclerosis in 2007
Treatment of Atherosclerosis in 2007 Szilard Voros, M.D. Medical Director Cardiovascular MR and CT Piedmont Hospital, Piedmont Hospital Our Paradigm Genotype Phenotype Environment Atherosclerotic Disease
More information2.5% of all deaths globally each year. 7th leading cause of death by % of people with diabetes live in low and middle income countries
Lipid Disorders in Diabetes (Diabetic Dyslipidemia) Khosrow Adeli PhD, FCACB, DABCC Head and Professor, Clinical Biochemistry, The Hospital for Sick Children, University it of Toronto Diabetes A Global
More informationWhat Else Do You Need to Know? Presenter Disclosure Information. Case 1: Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in a 53-Year-Old Man. Learning Objectives
9: 1:am Understanding Dyslipidemia Testing and Screening: Importance of Lipoprotein Particle Analysis SPEAKER Matthew Sorrentino, MD, FACC Presenter Disclosure Information The following relationships exist
More informationLipoproteins Metabolism Reference: Campbell Biochemistry and Lippincott s Biochemistry
Lipoproteins Metabolism Reference: Campbell Biochemistry and Lippincott s Biochemistry Learning Objectives 1. Define lipoproteins and explain the rationale of their formation in blood. 2. List different
More informationMedical evidence suggests that
COMBINATION THERAPY TO ACHIEVE LIPID GOALS David G. Robertson, MD* ABSTRACT Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains the leading cause of death in the United States despite recent advances in treatment and
More informationLipid Management: Beyond LDL
Lipid Management: Beyond LDL Lisa R. Tannock MD Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine University of Kentucky Overview Discuss the concept of residual risk Review current evidence-based medicine
More informationHow would you manage Ms. Gold
How would you manage Ms. Gold 32 yo Asian woman with dyslipidemia Current medications: Simvastatin 20mg QD Most recent lipid profile: TC = 246, TG = 100, LDL = 176, HDL = 50 What about Mr. Williams? 56
More informationMeasurement of Serum Intermediate Density Lipoproteins (Remnant-like Particles) Original Policy Date
MP 2.04.22 Measurement of Serum Intermediate Density Lipoproteins (Remnant-like Particles) Medical Policy Section Medicine Issue 12:2013 Original Policy Date 12:2013 Last Review Status/Date Reviewed with
More informationNew Features of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III Lipid-Lowering Guidelines
Clin. Cardiol. Vol. 26 (Suppl. III), III-19 III-24 (2003) New Features of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III Lipid-Lowering Guidelines H. BRYAN BREWER, JR, M.D. Molecular
More informationCETP inhibition: pros and cons. Philip Barter The Heart Research Institute Sydney, Australia
CETP inhibition: pros and cons Philip Barter The Heart Research Institute Sydney, Australia Philip Barter Disclosures Received honorariums for lectures, consultancies or membership of advisory boards from:
More informationMetabolism and Atherogenic Properties of LDL
Metabolism and Atherogenic Properties of LDL Manfredi Rizzo, MD, PhD Associate Professor of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine, University of Palermo, Italy & Affiliate Associate Professor of Internal
More informationLow HDL and Diabetic Dyslipidemia
The Lowdown: Low HDL and Diabetic Dyslipidemia Patients with diabetes commonly have a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) no higher than that of the general population. What treatment is warranted
More informationAccelerated atherosclerosis begins years prior to the diagnosis of diabetes
Joslin Diabetes Forum 211: Optimizing Care for the Practicing Clinician Risk for atherosclerosis is 2 4 times greater in patients with diabetes CVD accounts for 65% of diabetic mortality >5% of patients
More informationRaising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: where are we now?
European Heart Journal Supplements (23) 5 (Supplement D), D17 D25 Raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: where are we now? Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, U.S.A. KEYWORDS Apolipoprotein;
More informationReview of guidelines for management of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients
2012 international Conference on Diabetes and metabolism (ICDM) Review of guidelines for management of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients Nan Hee Kim, MD, PhD Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University
More informationThe Cardiovascular Institute Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York
The Cardiovascular Institute Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York HDL YES HDL NO Juan Jose Badimon, Ph.D Professor of Medicine Director, Atherothrombosis Research Unit The Mount Sinai School of Medicine
More informationCurrent Cholesterol Guidelines and Treatment of Residual Risk COPYRIGHT. J. Peter Oettgen, MD
Current Cholesterol Guidelines and Treatment of Residual Risk J. Peter Oettgen, MD Associate Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School Director, Preventive Cardiology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
More informationApproach to Dyslipidemia among diabetic patients
Approach to Dyslipidemia among diabetic patients Farzad Hadaegh, MD, Professor of Internal Medicine & Endocrinology Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences
More informationLIPOPROTEIN PROFILING
LIPOPROTEIN PROFILING in CLINICAL DIAGNOSTICS and LIFE SCIENCE RESEARCH Product Information, March 2015 2004-2015, numares HEALTH LIPOPROTEINS AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE High blood cholesterol is a well-known
More informationLow-density lipoprotein as the key factor in atherogenesis too high, too long, or both
Low-density lipoprotein as the key factor in atherogenesis too high, too long, or both Lluís Masana Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit. Sant Joan University Hospital. IISPV. CIBERDEM Rovira i Virgili
More informationLipids, Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Risk: Getting the Most out of New and Old Biomarkers. New and Old Biomarkers. Disclosures
Lipids, Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Risk: Getting the Most out of New and Old Biomarkers William Cromwell, MD, FAHA, FNLA Diplomate, American Board of Clinical Lipidology Chief Lipoprotein and Metabolic
More informationC h a p t e r 1 9 Protective HDL Cholesterol : Modalities to Elevate it
C h a p t e r 1 9 Protective HDL Cholesterol : Modalities to Elevate it PC Manoria 1, Pankaj Manoria 2, SK Parashar 3 1 Former Professor and Head, Department of Cardiology, GMC, Bhopal, M.P. 2 Senior Resident,
More informationDyslipidemia in the light of Current Guidelines - Do we change our Practice?
Dyslipidemia in the light of Current Guidelines - Do we change our Practice? Dato Dr. David Chew Soon Ping Senior Consultant Cardiologist Institut Jantung Negara Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
More informationUnit IV Problem 3 Biochemistry: Cholesterol Metabolism and Lipoproteins
Unit IV Problem 3 Biochemistry: Cholesterol Metabolism and Lipoproteins - Cholesterol: It is a sterol which is found in all eukaryotic cells and contains an oxygen (as a hydroxyl group OH) on Carbon number
More informationHYPERLIPIDEMIA IN THE OLDER POPULATION NICOLE SLATER, PHARMD, BCACP AUBURN UNIVERSITY, HARRISON SCHOOL OF PHARMACY JULY 16, 2016
HYPERLIPIDEMIA IN THE OLDER POPULATION NICOLE SLATER, PHARMD, BCACP AUBURN UNIVERSITY, HARRISON SCHOOL OF PHARMACY JULY 16, 2016 NOTHING TO DISCLOSE I, Nicole Slater, have no actual or potential conflict
More informationData Alert. Vascular Biology Working Group. Blunting the atherosclerotic process in patients with coronary artery disease.
1994--4 Vascular Biology Working Group www.vbwg.org c/o Medical Education Consultants, LLC 25 Sylvan Road South, Westport, CT 688 Chairman: Carl J. Pepine, MD Eminent Scholar American Heart Association
More informationDyslipidemia: Lots of Good Evidence, Less Good Interpretation.
Dyslipidemia: Lots of Good Evidence, Less Good Interpretation. G Michael Allan Evidence & CPD Program, ACFP Associate Professor, Dept of Family, U of A. CFPC CoI Templates: Slide 1 Faculty/Presenter Disclosure
More informationChapter VIII: Dr. Sameh Sarray Hlaoui
Chapter VIII: Dr. Sameh Sarray Hlaoui Lipoproteins a Lipids are insoluble in plasma. In order to be transported they are combined with specific proteins to form lipoproteins: Clusters of proteins and lipids.
More informationThe Framingham Coronary Heart Disease Risk Score
Plasma Concentration of C-Reactive Protein and the Calculated Framingham Coronary Heart Disease Risk Score Michelle A. Albert, MD, MPH; Robert J. Glynn, PhD; Paul M Ridker, MD, MPH Background Although
More informationThreshold Level or Not for Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
... SYMPOSIA PROCEEDINGS... Threshold Level or Not for Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Based on a debate between Philip J. Barter, MD, PhD, FRACP, and Frank M. Sacks, MD Debate Summary As drugs, such
More informationStudy of serum Lipid Profile patterns of Indian population in young Ischaemic Heart Disease
Original article: Study of serum Lipid Profile patterns of Indian population in young Ischaemic Heart Disease Dr Sonu Yadav, Dr Abhijit Nikam, Dr Vivek Chiddarwar, Dr A L Kakrani Department of Medicine,
More informationZuhier Awan, MD, PhD, FRCPC
Metabolism, Atherogenic Properties and Agents to Reduce Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins (TRL) The Fifth IAS-OSLA Course on Lipid Metabolism and Cardiovascular Risk Muscat, Oman, February 8-11, 2019 Zuhier
More informationLevels of Cholesterol in Small LDL Particles Predict Atherosclerosis Progression and Incident CHD in the HDL-Atherosclerosis Treatment Study (HATS)
Levels of Cholesterol in Small LDL Particles Predict Atherosclerosis Progression and Incident CHD in the HDL-Atherosclerosis Treatment Study (HATS) Paul T. Williams 1, Xue-Qiao Zhao 2, Santica M. Marcovina
More informationJanet B. Long, MSN, ACNP, CLS, FAHA, FNLA Rhode Island Cardiology Center
Primary and Secondary Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease: What is the role of non statin drugs (fenofibrates, fish oil, niacin, folate and vitamins)? Janet B. Long, MSN, ACNP, CLS, FAHA, FNLA Rhode
More informationSeparation of HDL Particles by Immunoprecipitation
Sun Diagnostics, LLC Separation of HDL Particles by Immunoprecipitation Rae-Anne Nguyen and John H. Contois 13 Introduction We all know that HDL cholesterol concentration is inversely associated with coronary
More informationRemnant lipoproteins are related to intima-media thickness of the carotid artery independently of LDL cholesterol and plasma triglycerides
Remnant lipoproteins are related to intima-media thickness of the carotid artery independently of LDL cholesterol and plasma triglycerides Fredrik Karpe, 1, *, Susanna Boquist,* Rong Tang, Gene M. Bond,
More informationBest Lipid Treatments
Best Lipid Treatments Pam R. Taub MD, FACC Director of Step Family Cardiac Rehabilitation and Wellness Center Associate Professor of Medicine UC San Diego Health System Overview of Talk Review of pathogenesis
More informationSTATIN UTILIZATION MANAGEMENT CRITERIA
STATIN UTILIZATION MANAGEMENT CRITERIA DRUG CLASS: HMG Co-A Reductase Inhibitors & Combinations Agents which require prior review: Advicor (niacin extended-release/lovastatin) Crestor (rosuvastatin)(5mg,10mg,
More informationThe apolipoprotein story
Atherosclerosis Supplements 7 (2006) 23 27 The apolipoprotein story Frank M. Sacks a,b, a Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA b Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical
More informationHae Sun Suh, B.Pharm., Ph.D. Jason N. Doctor, Ph.D.
Podium Presentation, May 18, 2009 Comparison of Cardiovascular Event Rates in Subjects with Type II Diabetes Mellitus who Augmented from Statin Monotherapy to Statin Plus Fibrate Combination Therapy with
More informationCase Presentation. Rafael Bitzur The Bert W Strassburger Lipid Center Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer
Case Presentation Rafael Bitzur The Bert W Strassburger Lipid Center Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer Case Presentation 50 YO man NSTEMI treated with PCI 1 month ago Medical History: Obesity: BMI 32,
More informationChapter (5) Etiology of Low HDL- Cholesterol
Chapter (5) Etiology of Low HDL- Cholesterol The aim of this chapter is to summarize the different etiological factors mainly the role of life-style and different disease conditions contributing to the
More informationDisclosures. Background 1 What is Known MENOPAUSE, ESTROGENS, AND LIPOPROTEIN PARTICLES. Background 2 What is Not Known 10/2/2017
Disclosures MENOPAUSE, ESTROGENS, AND LIPOPROTEIN PARTICLES Grants: NIH, Quest Diagnostics Consultant: Quest Diagnostics Merck Global Atherosclerosis Advisory Board Ronald M. Krauss, Children s Hospital
More informationConsiderations and Controversies in the Management of Dyslipidemia for ASCVD Risk Reduction
Considerations and Controversies in the Management of Dyslipidemia for ASCVD Risk Reduction Pamela B. Morris, MD, FACC, FAHA, FASCP, FNLA Chair, ACC Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Council The Medical
More informationSoo LIM, MD, PHD Internal Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
Soo LIM, MD, PHD Internal Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital 1. Importance of Lowering LDL-Cholesterol in Diabetes Patients & Lipid Guidelines Prevalence of dyslipidemia in Korea Prevalence
More informationRosuvastatin: An Effective Lipid Lowering Drug against Hypercholesterolemia
ISPUB.COM The Internet Journal of Cardiovascular Research Volume 3 Number 1 Rosuvastatin: An Effective Lipid Lowering Drug against Hypercholesterolemia V Save, N Patil, G Rajadhyaksha Citation V Save,
More informationDavid Y. Gaitonde, MD, FACP Endocrinology DDEAMC, Fort Gordon
David Y. Gaitonde, MD, FACP Endocrinology DDEAMC, Fort Gordon I have no actual or potential conflicts of interest in relation to this program or presentation. Raphael School of Athens, 1509-1511 Apply
More informationApolipoprotein B in the Risk Assessment and Management of Cardiovascular Disease. Original Policy Date
MP 2.04.13 Apolipoprotein B in the Risk Assessment and Management of Cardiovascular Disease Medical Policy Section Medicine Issue 12:2013 Original Policy Date 12:2013 Last Review Status/Date Reviewed with
More informationThe JUPITER trial: What does it tell us? Alice Y.Y. Cheng, MD, FRCPC January 24, 2009
The JUPITER trial: What does it tell us? Alice Y.Y. Cheng, MD, FRCPC January 24, 2009 Learning Objectives 1. Understand the role of statin therapy in the primary and secondary prevention of stroke 2. Explain
More informationEpidemiologic evidence has long suggested that
182 PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY FALL 2004 REVIEW PAPER CME The Effects of Niacin on Lipoprotein Subclass Distribution John M. Morgan, MD; Christina M. Carey, PA-C; Anne Lincoff, MD; David M. Capuzzi, MD, PhD
More informationHypertriglyceridemia: Why, When, and How to Treat. Gregory Cohn, MD, FNLA, FASPC
Hypertriglyceridemia: Why, When, and How to Treat Gregory Cohn, MD, FNLA, FASPC DISCLOSURES Consultant to Akcea Therapeutics (in the past 12 months). OUTLINE I. Lipoproteins II. Non-HDL-C III. Causes and
More informationREAGENTS. RANDOX sdldl CHOLESTEROL (sdldl-c) SIZE MATTERS: THE TRUE WEIGHT OF RISK IN LIPID PROFILING
REAGENTS RANDOX sdldl CHOLESTEROL (sdldl-c) SIZE MATTERS: THE TRUE WEIGHT OF RISK IN LIPID PROFILING Randox sdldl Cholesterol (sdldl-c) Size Matters: The True Wight of Risk in Lipid Profiling 1. BACKGROUND
More informationLipid Lowering in Patients at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
Lipid Lowering in Patients at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease Prof. John J.P. Kastelein, MD PhD FESC Dept. of Vascular Medicine Academic Medical Center / University of Amsterdam The Netherlands Novel
More informationEffects of Niacin on LDL Particle Number
www.medscape.com Effects of Niacin on LDL Particle Number Haseeb Jafri, Richard H Karas, Jeffrey T Kuvin Clin Lipidology. 2009;4(5):565-571. Abstract and Niacin Overview Abstract Niacin has long been used
More informationStudy of relationship of serum Lipid Profile and etiological factors of Ischaemic Heart Diseases
Original article: Study of relationship of serum Lipid Profile and etiological factors of Ischaemic Heart Diseases Dr Abhijit Nikam, Dr Sonu Yadav, Dr Vivek Chiddarwar, Dr A L Kakrani Dept of Medicine,
More informationUpdate on Dyslipidemia and Recent Data on Treating the Statin Intolerant Patient
Update on Dyslipidemia and Recent Data on Treating the Statin Intolerant Patient Steven E. Nissen MD Chairman, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Disclosure Consulting: Many pharmaceutical
More informationMacrovascular Residual Risk. What risk remains after LDL-C management and intensive therapy?
Macrovascular Residual Risk What risk remains after LDL-C management and intensive therapy? Defining Residual Vascular Risk The risk of macrovascular events and microvascular complications which persists
More informationLow-density lipoproteins cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) 1. Evidence from genetic, epidemiologic and clinical studies
Low-density lipoproteins cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) 1. Evidence from genetic, epidemiologic and clinical studies A Consensus Statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society
More informationThe New Gold Standard for Lipoprotein Analysis. Advanced Testing for Cardiovascular Risk
The New Gold Standard for Lipoprotein Analysis Advanced Testing for Cardiovascular Risk Evolution of Lipoprotein Testing The Lipid Panel Total Cholesterol = VLDL + LDL + HDL Evolution of Lipoprotein Testing
More informationThe new guidelines issued in PRESENTATIONS... Future Outlook: Changing Perspectives on Best Practice
... PRESENTATIONS... Future Outlook: Changing Perspectives on Best Practice Based on a presentation by Daniel J. Rader, MD Presentation Summary The guidelines recently released by the National Cholesterol
More informationsad EFFECTIVE DATE: POLICY LAST UPDATED:
Medical Coverage Policy Measurement of Small Low Density Lipoprotein Particles sad EFFECTIVE DATE: 02 16 2010 POLICY LAST UPDATED: 10 15 2013 OVERVIEW Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2),
More informationThe cholesterol-lowering effect of the vitamin nicotinic
Extended-Release Alters the Metabolism of Plasma Apolipoprotein (Apo) A-I and ApoB-Containing Lipoproteins Stefania Lamon-Fava, Margaret R. Diffenderfer, P. Hugh R. Barrett, Aaron Buchsbaum, Mawuli Nyaku,
More informationHigh-Density Lipoprotein Subclass Testing in the Diagnosis and Management of Cardiovascular Disease. Original Policy Date
MP 2.04.17 High-Density Lipoprotein Subclass Testing in the Diagnosis and Management of Cardiovascular Disease Medical Policy Section Medicine Issue 12:2013 Original Policy Date 12:2013 Last Review Status/Date
More informationLipoprotein (a) Disclosures 2/20/2013. Lipoprotein (a): Should We Measure? Should We Treat? Health Diagnostic Laboratory, Inc. No other disclosures
Lipoprotein (a): Should We Measure? Should We Treat? Joseph P. McConnell, Ph.D. DABCC Health Diagnostic Laboratory Inc. Baptist Health South Florida Eleventh Annual Cardiovascular Disease Prevention International
More informationMarshall Tulloch-Reid, MD, MPhil, DSc, FACE Epidemiology Research Unit Tropical Medicine Research Institute The University of the West Indies, Mona,
Marshall Tulloch-Reid, MD, MPhil, DSc, FACE Epidemiology Research Unit Tropical Medicine Research Institute The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica At the end of this presentation the participant
More informationN-3 Fatty Acids Non-HDL-Cand LDL-C Thomas Dayspring MD, FACP
Omega or N-3 Fatty Acids (FA) significantly reduce TG synthesis and significantly deplete the TG content of VLDL particles indicated by significantly reduced V. FA are the substrate for TG synthesis. N3-FA
More informationJMSCR Vol 05 Issue 05 Page May 2017
www.jmscr.igmpublication.org Impact Factor 5.84 Index Copernicus Value: 83.27 ISSN (e)-2347-176x ISSN (p) 2455-0450 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i5.193 Lipid Profile as Early Predictor of Complication
More informationNature Genetics: doi: /ng.3561
Supplementary Figure 1 Pedigrees of families with APOB p.gln725* mutation and APOB p.gly1829glufs8 mutation (a,b) Pedigrees of families with APOB p.gln725* mutation. (c) Pedigree of family with APOB p.gly1829glufs8
More informationIncreasing HDL: the torcetrapib story
HOT TOPICS Cardiology Journal 2007, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 1 5 Copyright 2007 Via Medica ISSN 1507 4145 Increasing HDL: the torcetrapib story Grażyna Zaręba Department of Environmental Medicine, University
More informationNovel HDL Targeted Therapies: The Search Continues Assoc. Prof. K.Kostner,, Univ. of Qld, Brisbane
Novel HDL Targeted Therapies: The Search Continues Assoc. Prof. K.Kostner,, Univ. of Qld, Brisbane Kostner, 2007 2008 LDL Target depends on your level of Risk Acute Plaque Rupture ACS (UA/NSTEMI/STEMI)
More informationApoliporotein Composition of HDL in Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Deficiency
1 Apoliporotein Composition of HDL in Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Deficiency 1 Bela F. Asztalos, 1 Katalin V. Horvath, 1 Koiji Kajinami, 1 Chorthip Nartsupha, 1 Caitlin E. Cox, 1 Marcelo Batista,
More informationClinical Investigation and Reports
Clinical Investigation and Reports Effect of 7-Year Infancy-Onset Dietary on Serum Lipoproteins and Lipoprotein Subclasses in Healthy Children in the Prospective, Randomized Special Turku coronary Risk
More informationUpdate On Diabetic Dyslipidemia: Who Should Be Treated With A Fibrate After ACCORD-LIPID?
Update On Diabetic Dyslipidemia: Who Should Be Treated With A Fibrate After ACCORD-LIPID? Karen Aspry, MD, MS, ABCL, FACC Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown
More informationNicole Ciffone, MS, ANP-C, AACC Clinical Lipid Specialist
1 Nicole Ciffone, MS, ANP-C, AACC Clinical Lipid Specialist New Cardiovascular Horizons Multidisciplinary Strategies for Optimal Cardiovascular Care February 7, 2015 2 Objectives After participating in
More informationEffects of Rosuvastatin and Atorvastatin on LDL and HDL Particle Concentrations in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risk O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E Effects of Rosuvastatin and Atorvastatin on LDL and HDL Particle Concentrations in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome A randomized, double-blind,
More informationProf. John Chapman, MD, PhD, DSc
Prof. John Chapman, MD, PhD, DSc Director of the Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerosis Research Unit of the National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) at the Pitié-Salpétrière Hospital in Paris
More informationHow to Reduce Residual Risk in Primary Prevention
How to Reduce Residual Risk in Primary Prevention Helene Glassberg, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Section of Cardiology Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA USA Patients with
More informationLipoproteins Metabolism
Lipoproteins Metabolism LEARNING OBJECTIVES By the end of this Lecture, the student should be able to describe: What are Lipoproteins? Describe Lipoprotein Particles. Composition of Lipoproteins. The chemical
More informationEffect of the PCSK9 Inhibitor Evolocumab on Cardiovascular Outcomes
Effect of the PCSK9 Inhibitor Evolocumab on Cardiovascular Outcomes MS Sabatine, RP Giugliano, SD Wiviott, FJ Raal, CM Ballantyne, R Somaratne, J Legg, SM Wasserman, R Scott, MJ Koren, and EA Stein for
More informationPathophysiology of Lipid Disorders
Pathophysiology of Lipid Disorders Henry Ginsberg, M.D. Division of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition CHD in the United States CHD is the single largest killer of men and women 12 million have history
More informationVITAMIN E SUPPLEMENT BLOCKS THE RESPONSE OF HDL TO LOVASTATIN THERAPY IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS
ORIGINAL REPORT VITAMIN E SUPPLEMENT BLOCKS THE RESPONSE OF HDL TO LOVASTATIN THERAPY IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS S. M. Namayandeh *, M. Emami-Meybody, S. M. Sadr-Bafghi, S. Yeganehfard, M. Kamran
More informationRecently reported clinical trials have provided strong
Coronary Heart Disease Prediction From Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels, Triglycerides, Lipoprotein(a), Apolipoproteins A-I and B, and HDL Density Subfractions The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC)
More informationGuidelines for Management of Dyslipidemia and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGISTS AMERICAN COLLEGE OF ENDOCRINOLOGY Guidelines for Management of Dyslipidemia and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Writing Committee Chair: Paul S. Jellinger,
More informationThe New England Journal of Medicine
The New England Journal of Medicine Copyright, 1999, by the Massachusetts Medical Society VOLUME 340 J UNE 24, 1999 NUMBER 25 EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT FORMS OF DIETARY HYDROGENATED FATS ON SERUM LIPOPROTEIN
More informationLipid Panel Management Refresher Course for the Family Physician
Lipid Panel Management Refresher Course for the Family Physician Objectives Understand the evidence that was evaluated to develop the 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines Discuss the utility and accuracy of the new
More informationThe TNT Trial Is It Time to Shift Our Goals in Clinical
The TNT Trial Is It Time to Shift Our Goals in Clinical Angioplasty Summit Luncheon Symposium Korea Assoc Prof David Colquhoun 29 April 2005 University of Queensland, Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
More informationLessons from Recent Atherosclerosis Trials
Lessons from Recent Atherosclerosis Trials Han, Ki Hoon MD PhD Asan Medical Center Seoul, Korea Change of concept Primary vs. secondary prevention Low risk vs. High risk High Risk CHD and equivalents CHD
More informationJoslin Diabetes Center Advances in Diabetes and Thyroid Disease 2013 Consensus and Controversy in Diabetic Dyslipidemia
Consensus and Controversy in Diabetes and Dyslipidemia Om P. Ganda MD Director, Lipid Clinic Joslin diabetes Center Boston, MA, USA CVD Outcomes in DM vs non- DM 102 Prospective studies; 698, 782 people,
More informationjournal of medicine The new england Rosuvastatin to Prevent Vascular Events in Men and Women with Elevated C-Reactive Protein Abstract
The new england journal of medicine established in 1812 november 20, 2008 vol. 359 no. 21 to Prevent Vascular Events in Men and Women with Elevated C-Reactive Protein Paul M Ridker, M.D., Eleanor Danielson,
More informationHypertriglyceridemia. Ara Metjian, M.D. Resident s Report 20 December 2002
Hypertriglyceridemia Ara Metjian, M.D. Resident s Report 20 December 2002 Review of Lipids Chylomicrons (CM): Dietary lipids absorbed through the GI tract are assembled intracellularly into CM. Very Low
More informationCardiac Disease Screening Lipid Profile
Cardiac Disease Screening Lipid Profile Date of Origin: 04/2003 Last Review Date: 02/27/2019 Effective Date: 03/01/2019 Dates Reviewed: 01/2004, 04/2005, 12/2005, 06/2006, 06/2007, 07/2008, 6/2011, 05/2012,
More information