Index. cardiology.theclinics.com. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.

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1 Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A ACC/AHA. See American College of Cardiology/ ACE inhibitors. See Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) 2013 cholesterol guidelines of, See also 2013 American College of Cardiology/ cholesterol guidelines Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors LDL C persons, 302 Antiplatelet therapy LDL C persons, Antiretroviral therapy (ART) in dyslipidemia management in HIV patients statin interactions with, 286 switching drugs in, 293 in HIV management, 279 Apheresis LDL in FH management, lipoprotein, See also Lipoprotein apheresis (LA) Apolipoprotein(s) alteration by LA, ART. See Antiretroviral therapy (ART) ASCVD. See Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) Atherogenesis accelerated in hypertriglyceridemia mechanisms of, Atherogenic cholesterol in patient-centered dyslipidemia, Atherogenic dyslipidemia, Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) assessment of in patient-centered dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia vs. association and causation, new cholesterol guidelines in, Cardiol Clin 33 (2015) /15/$ see front matter Ó 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. B ACC/AHA, See also 2013 American College of Cardiology/ cholesterol guidelines prevention of hypertriglyceridemia management in, See also Hypertriglyceridemia,, in ASCVD prevention risk assessment for, b-blockers LDL C persons, Bile acid sequestrants 291 Breastfeeding dyslipidemia in women who are recommendations for, 222 C Cardiac rehabilitation LDL C persons, 301 Cardiovascular disease (CVD) atherosclerotic new cholesterol guidelines in, See also Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) HCV and, risk factors for in pregnancy, Cholestatic liver disease statin use in patients with, Cholesterol atherogenic in patient-centered dyslipidemia, fetal development effects of, HDL. See High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL C) LDL. See Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL C) cardiology.theclinics.com

2 336 Index Cholesterol (continued ) 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines in, See also 2013 American College of Cardiology/ cholesterol guidelines Cognition statin effects on, See also Statin(s), cognitive side effects of Cognitive impairment defined, 246 statins and, implications for iatrogenesis, Contraception combined oral contraceptives, 226 lipid challenges related to, 226 non combined oral contraceptive methods, IUDs, permanent sterilization, 227 progestin only, 227 CVD. See Cardiovascular disease (CVD) D Diabetes statins and, See also Statin(s), diabetes related to Diet prevention, 318 Dyslipidemia atherogenic, in HIV patients, ART in switching drugs, 293 bile acid sequestrants in, 291 history and physical examination in, 284 intestinal absorption inhibitors in, 287 laboratory evaluation in, 284 lifestyle modification in, 284 lipid targets in, measures of residual risk in, 284 niacin in, 287, nonstatin drugs in, risk stratification and scores related to, statins in, See also Statin(s), in dyslipidemia management, in HIV patients patient-centered 2014 NLA recommendations for, See also 2014 National Lipid Association (NLA) in pregnancy, cholesterol and fetal development, E CVD risk factors and, detection, management, and treatment of, monitoring with, optimum strategies for, fetal considerations, introduction, 209 long-term complications of, PCOS, contraception issues, See also Contraception, dyslipidemia in pregnancy related PCOS and screening for, 223 treatment of, unique challenges related to, 224 maternal considerations, postpartum considerations, , introduction, 325 mortality related to, 327 prevalence of, treatment of, lifestyle modification in, overview of, 327 risk stratification variables and, statin response variation and, in women who are breastfeeding recommendations for, 222 Ezetimibe 287 F Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), described, 169 diagnosis of, 171 evaluation of, genetic testing in, 172, risk assessment tools in, 172 screening strategies in, genetic testing in, 172, current clinical criteria, 269 in improving diagnostic accuracy, screening-related, 271 treatment-related, genetics of, in HIV patients, homozygous treatment of, introduction, pathophysiology of, 169 in pregnancy monitoring and treatment of,

3 Index 337 prevalence of, 170 prognosis of, 172 treatment of, combination therapy in, complications of, drugs in development, 177 homozygous-related, LDL apheresis in, lifestyle and noncholesterol risk factor modification in, 172 pharmacologic, resistance to, surgical, 176 Fenofibrate prevention randomized clinical trials, Fetus development of cholesterol effects on, FH. See Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) Fibrate(s) in hypertriglyceridemia management in HIV patients, Fish oil in hypertriglyceridemia management in HIV patients, 292 Futura for LA, G Genetic testing in FH evaluation, 172, See also Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), genetic testing in in hyperlipidemia, See also Hyperlipidemia, genetic testing in H HCV. See Hepatitis C (HCV) HDL C. See High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL C) Hepatitis C (HCV) in HIV patients with dyslipidemia statins for, 286 statin use in patients with, 261 High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL C) alteration by LA, 201 in HIV patients, 282 prevalence of, 326 HIV background of, CVD risk related to, lipid management in, See also Lipid(s),, in HIV patients Hormone therapy in menopause transition, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). See HIV Hypercholesterolemia familial, See also Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) Hyperlipidemia genetic testing in, current tests available for, 273 disadvantages of, FH, 172, hypertriglyceridemia, 272 introduction, Hypertriglyceridemia accelerated atherogenesis in mechanisms of, ASCVD vs. association and causation, epidemiology of, genetic testing in, 272 in HIV patients, in ASCVD prevention, current guidelines in, diet and lifestyle modification in, 318 pharmacotherapy in, secondary factors management in, triglyceride level lowering medications in randomized clinical trials of, pathophysiology of, in pregnancy differential diagnosis and evaluation of, 220 I IMPROVE-IT study, 192, 241 IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT) study, 192, 241 Intestinal absorption inhibitors 287 Intrauterine devices (IUDs) IUDs. See Intrauterine devices (IUDs) J JUPITER. See Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER) Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER),

4 338 Index L LA. See Lipoprotein apheresis (LA) LDL apheresis. See Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis Lifestyle modification in dyslipidemia management in HIV patients, 284, in FH management, 172 prevention, 318 LDL C persons, 301 Lipid(s) LDL cholesterol monitoring and, in HIV patients, ART for, 279 background of, changes related to, 279 cost of drugs and coverage, 292 dyslipidemia and, See also Dyslipidemia, in HIV patients, FH, hypertriglyceridemia, introduction, monitoring and follow-up, 293 women s health considerations for, introduction, menopause transition, in normal and abnormal pregnancies, 218 serum in contemporary era, Lipoprotein(s) alteration by LA, HDL C, 201 LDL, Lipoprotein apheresis (LA), adverse events associated with, 200 alternative uses, 204 apolipoproteins altered by, billing and coding information for, 198 clinical benefit of, 200 complications of, 200 contraindications for, 200 criteria for, inflammatory and other markers affected by, 203 introduction, 197 lipoproteins altered by, LP(a) alteration by, 203 machines for approved in US, Futura, MAO3 Liposorber, patient population qualifying for, 198 points of interest, 200 rheology and, triglycerides altered by, Liver statins in FH management effects on, Liver disease cholestatic statin use in patients with, statin use in patients with, See also Statin(s), in patients with liver disease Liver transplantation statin use in patients undergoing, Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) alteration by LA, Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis in FH management, Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL C) in HIV patients, managing residual risk after MI in persons with, See also Myocardial infarction (MI), among LDL C persons, residual risk management after monitoring of lipid targets and, prevalence of, 326 treatment goals for ACC/AHA vs. NLA recommendations, 192 LP(a) alteration by LA, 203 M MAO3 Liposorber for LA, Menopause transition to, MI. See Myocardial infarction (MI) Muscle(s) statins in FH management effects on, 176 Myocardial infarction (MI) among LDL C persons epidemiology of, 300 residual risk management after, ACE inhibitors in, 302 antiplatelet therapy in, b-blockers in, cardiac rehabilitation and lifestyle changes in, 301 guidelines for, introduction, renin angiotensin system inhibition in, 302 serum lipids in, significance of, 300 statins in,

5 Index 339 N NAFLD. See Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) NASH. See Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) National Lipid Association (NLA) 2014 recommendations for patient-centered dyslipidemia, See also 2014 National Lipid Association (NLA) Niacin 287, in hypertriglyceridemia management in ASCVD prevention randomized clinical trials, in HIV patients, 292 NLA. See National Lipid Association (NLA) Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) statin use in patients with, 261 Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) statin use in patients with, 261 Noncholesterol risk factor modification in FH management, 172 O Omega-3 prevention randomized clinical trials, P PBC. See Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) PCOS. See Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Pitavastatin Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) dyslipidemia in pregnancy and, screening for, 223 treatment of, unique challenges related to, Pravastatin 284 Pregnancy dyslipidemia in, See also Dyslipidemia, in pregnancy hypertriglyceridemia in differential diagnosis and evaluation of, 220 lipid values in normal and abnormal, 218 Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) statin use in patients with, Progestin 227 R Renin angiotensin system inhibition LDL C persons, 302 Rheology, Rosuvastatin S Statin(s) ACC/AHA recommendations vs. NLA recommendations, 192 cognitive side effects of, clinical trials considerations for vascular risk factor control, 249 limitations and strengths of current data, 249 objective of, suggestions for clinicians, impairment-related, implications for iatrogenesis, introduction, mechanisms of, diabetes related to, clinical trial evidence regarding, clinical guidance, 241 impact of statin therapy on glycemic control in diabetics, IMPROVE-IT study, 241 JUPITER, mechanisms for causality, metaanalyses of, observational studies, risk-benefit ratio of, WOSCOPS, introduction, 233 in dyslipidemia management in HIV patients, ART interactions with, 286 efficacy of, HCV coinfection and, 286 side effects of, response variation, in FH management liver issues related to, muscle problems related to, 176 in patients with liver disease, complications associated with, evaluation for, 258 introduction, options for, outcome evaluation,

6 340 Index Statin(s) (continued ) safety of, 259 specific disease recommendations, cholestatic liver disease, HCV, 261 liver transplantation, NAFLD, 261 NASH, 261 PBC, LDL C persons, uses of, 257 Sterilization permanent 227 T Transplantation liver statin use in patients undergoing, Triglyceride(s) alteration by LA, in HIV patients, 282 prevalence of, Triglyceride level lowering medications prevention randomized clinical trials, fenofibrate, niacin, omega-3, ongoing, American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) cholesterol guidelines, groups benefiting from statin therapy, LDL C treatment targets in, 186 pooled cohort risk equations for ASCVD risk assessment in, scope and methodology of, vs. NLA recommendations for patient-centered dyslipidemia, National Lipid Association (NLA) recommendations for patient-centered dyslipidemia, ASCVD assessment, atherogenic cholesterol, scope and methodology, 186 treatment algorithm, vs. ACC/AHA recommendations, W West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study (WOSCPS), WOSCPS. See West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study (WOSCPS)