phenylephrine - phenylephrine

Transcription

1 * * Fischer 344 carbachol carbachol M phenylephrine - phenylephrine [ 3 H] quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) [ 3 H] QNB QOL quality of life 1 3) 2

2 Krebs-Henseleit ml organ bath 3 7T mm NaCl 118, KCl 4.7 NaHCO MgSO KH 2 PO glucose 11.1 ascorbic acid CaCl ph 7.4 organ bath 3 KCl 66.7mM KCl K + camp K ), 4 propranolol 10-6 M carbachol M M carbachol atropine 10-7 Mcarbachol Fischer g Tris-HCl buffer 25mM Tris, 10mM MgCl 2,. Krebs-Henseleit NaCl 56 KCl 66.7mM prazosin 10-7 M pirenzepine M 10-7 M 10-6 M methoctramine M 10-7 M 10-6 M p-f-hhsid M 10-7 M 10-6 M carbachol Schild plot phenylephrine 10-8 M M. ph ml mm Kinematica, Luzern, Switzerland 95%O2, 5% CO2

3 Lowry 6 1mg/ml [ 3 H] quinuclidinyl benzilate QNB carbamylcholine chloride phenylephrine Whatman GF/C M24R, Brandel, Gaitherberg, MD, USA tetrahydrochloride Sigma Chemical Co. St. Louis, MO, USA atropine sulfate mono- hydrate mltris-hcl buffer [ H] QNB [ 3 H]QNB New England Nuclear Bos- ton, MA, USA II, Amersham, Arlington Heights, IL, USA ml ACS- Tri- Carb 2300TR, Liquid Scintillation Analyzer, Packard, Downers Grove, IL, USA atropine 10 6 M Scatchard plot QNB hydrochloride prazosin hydrochloride pro- Tris-HCl buffer ml pranolol hydrochloride hexahydro-sila-difenidolhydrochloride p-fluoroanalog (p-f-hhsid) pirenzepine hydrochloride methoctramine Student s t-test Welch s t-test + N.S. not significant carbachol K + % carbachol% carbachol carbachol atropine10-7 M carbachol atropine10-7 M

4 carbachol pirenzepine A K + % carbachol% carbachol carbachol pirenzepine 10-7 Mpirenzepine M pirenzepine 10-6 M B carbachol pirenzepine Schild plot dose ratio carbachol p-f-hhsid A K + % carbachol% carbachol carbachol p-f-hhsid 10-7 Mp-F-HHSiD M p-f-hhsid 10-6 M B carbachol p-f-hhsid Schild plot dose ratio

5 P<0.05. K g, n 8, g, n g, n 8, g, n 6 K + carbachol phenylephrine K + carbachol carbachol methoctramine K + % % n 8 carbachol% % n 6 EC 50 carbachol ( ) 10-7 M ( ) carbacholmethoctramine10-7 M methoctramine M 10-7 M methoctramine 10-6 M carbachol 3 H QNB 3 H QNB A B

6 atropine carbachol 4 nm pirenzepine, p-f-hhsid carbachol Schild plot pirenzepine , n=4, , n=4) 0.87 p-f-hhsid0.98 carbachol ) p-f-hhsid pa methoctramine phenylephrine 2), %, n 8, %, n 6, P<0.01 EC 50 ( ) 10-6 M, ( ) 10-6 M phenylephrine K + % phenylephrine% phenylephrine *P 0.05 **P 0.01(vs ). [ 3 H]QNB 0.25 Bmax fmol / mg protein , n=4, , n=4 Kd ( (, Ca 2+ Ca 2+ KCl KCl 66.7mM K + Ca 2+ Young Aged Bmax (fmol/mg protein) Kd(nM) Bmax Kdn n 4 4

7 Ordway 8 KCl 3 Nishimoto 4 Saito 9 KCl Ca 2+ Fischer344 K + carbachol phenylephrine phenylephrine, norepinephrine, clonidine EC 50 carbachol EC Ordway 8 7 Fischer 344 acetylcholine, bethanechol, oxotremorine EC 50 Sprague-Dawley 10 Fischer Fischer 344 Hayes 15 Sprague-Dawley Nishimoto 3), 4 Ordway 12 Bmax fmol/mg protein Kd Kolta 14 phenylephrine

8 Ordway 8 8), 14), 23 M1 M5 1 M 1 M M 2 2 M 3: M 2 3 % M 3 % ),19 4 Nishimoto T, Latifpour J, Wheeler MA, M2 Yoshida M, Weiss RM: Age-dependent alterations in -adrenergic responsiveness of rat M3 detrusor smooth muscle. J Urol 1995; 153: carbachol M 3 6 Lowry OH, Resevrough NJ, Farr AL, Tandall p-f-hhsid carbachol RJ: Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 1951; 193: M1 pirenzepine carbachol 8 Ordway GA, Esbenshade TA, Kolta MG, Gerald MC, Wallace LJ: Effect of age on M1 cholinergic muscarinic responsiveness and pirenzepine M 3 receptors in the rat urinary bladder. J Urol ; 136: M 2 methoctramine 9 Saito M, Kondo A, Gotoh M: Age-rerated carbachol changes in the rat detrusor muscle: the contractile response to inorganic ions. J Urol M2 1991; 146: Munro DD, Wendt IR: Contractile and M2 metabolic properties of longitudinal smooth

9 muscle from rat urinary bladder and the effects of aging. J Urol 1993; 150: Pagala MK, Tetsoti L, Nagpal D, Wise GJ: Aging effects on contractility of longitudinal and circular detrusor and trigone of rat bladder. J Urol 2001; 166: Ordway GA, Kolta MG, Gerald MC, Wallace LJ: Age-related change in -adrenergic responsiveness of the urinary bladder of the rat is regionally specific. Neuropharmacology 1986; 25: Restorick JM, Mundy AR: The density of cholinergic and alpha and beta adrenergic receptors in the normal and hyper-reflexic human detrusor.br J Urol 1989; 63: Kolta MG, Wallace LJ, Gerald MC: Agerelated changes in sensitivity of rat urinary bladder to autonomic agents. Mech Ageing Dev 1984; 27: Hayes EE, McConnell JA, Benson GS: The effect of aging on cholinergic receptor binding in the rat urinary bladder. Neurourol Urodyn 1983; 2: Caulfield MP, Birdsall NJM: International union of pharmacology: X. Classification of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Pharmacol Rev 1998; 50: Wang P, Luthin GR, Ruggieri MR: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes mediating urinary bladder contractility and coupling to GTP binding proteins. J Parmacol Exp Ther 1995; 273: Hegde SS, Eglen RM: Muscarinic receptor subtypes modulating smooth muscle contractility in the urinary bladder. Life Sci 1999; 64: Chiarini A, Budriesi R, Bolognesi ML, Minarini A, Melchiorre C: In vitro characterization of tripitramine, a polymethylene tetraamine displaying high selectivity and affinity for muscarinic M2 receptors. Br J Pharmacol 1995; 114: Andersson KE: The pharmacology of lower urinary tract smooth muscles and penile erectile tissue. Pharmacol Rev 1993; 45: Yazawa H, Honda K: The M3-musucarinic chorinoceptor subtype in rat prostate and its down regulation by aging. Jpn J Pharmacol 1993; 61: Braverman A, Legos J, Young W, Luthin G, Ruggieri M: M 2 receptors in genito-urinary smooth muscle pathology. Life Sci 1999; 64: Suzuki Y, Moriyama N, Kanada A, Okaya Y, Kawabe K, Aisaka K: The role of 1Ladrenoceptor in rat urinary bladder: Comparison between young adult and aged rats. Life Sci 1999; 65:

10 Yamagata Med J (2) Tomomi Aita, Kozue Aita, Akiko Yamada, Akira Ishihata, Yumi Katano Division of Clinical Nursing, Department of cardiovascular Physiology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan ABSTRACT The urinary bladder is innervated and functionally regulated by the autonomic nervous system. In order to elucidate the mechanisms of age-related changes in urinary bladder function, we studied the influence of aging on, 1) the contractile response to carbachol in the body and to phenylephrine in the trigone, 2) the binding characteristics of [ 3 H] quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) to muscarinic cholinoceptors in rat urinary bladder. Urinary bladder from young (2-3 months) or aged (27 months) male Fischer 344 rat was isolated. Carbachol-induced contraction was not significantly changed by aging. The contraction was competitively antagonized by p-f-hhsid (M 3-blocker). In contrast, phenylephrine elicited greater contraction in aged trigone than that in young rat. In the receptor assay, [ 3 H] QNB was used as a muscarinic receptor ligand. [ 3 H] QNB binding characteristics were not significantly changed by aging. Because the -adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation was reportedly attenuated in aged bladder, the facilitation of -receptor-mediated contraction and the decreased -receptor-mediated relaxation may cause voiding difficulty in the aged urinary bladder. Key words : bladder, smooth muscle, aging, muscarinic cholinoceptors, -adrenoceptors