Optimization of extraction method and profiling of plant phenolic compounds through RP-HPLC
|
|
- Evangeline Holland
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Chapter III Optimization of extraction method and profiling of plant phenolic compounds through RP-HPLC 1. INTRODUCTION Phenolics compounds are naturally present antioxidants, found in a variety of plant based food and vegetables. These compounds are attracting a great deal of attention due to increasing evidence suggesting that they may prevent oxidative diseases such as cancer and other neurological diseases (Catherine et al., 1997). Generally flavonoids and phenolic compounds are widely distributed in plants have been exhibiting multiple biological effects such as, diuretics, antinephrities, antiaging, antiinflammatory, anticarcinogenic and antidiabetic etc (Wu et al., 2009). Most well known common polyphenolics are gallic acid, ellagic acid, catachin, quercetin, flavon, rosmeric acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, coumaric acid, quinic acid, vanilic acid, syringic acid, catechuic acid and kaempferol etc (Dai and Mumper, 2010). Green leafy vegetables are major part of constitute in balanced diet and are well balanced nutrition sources of minerals, vitamins and other secondary metabolites. Green leafy vegetables are the most important sources of polyphenols (Drewnowski and Carneros, 2000). For extraction of phenolic compounds, previously several methods have been reported namely supercritical extraction, solid-liquid extraction, Microwave Assisted extraction (MAE), Conventional Assistant Extraction (CAE) and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) etc. (Naczka and Shahidi, 2004). In UAE, ultrasonic frequency sound is very high (>20 khz) that is greater than the upper limit of human detection. Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) involves passing ultrasonic energy in the form of waves through a liquid solvent containing the solid particles. As the waves hit the surface of the material, a force that is either perpendicular or parallel to the surface is 52
2 generated. If the force is perpendicular to the surface, a compressive wave is formed whereas if the force is parallel to the surface, a shear wave is produced. This constant production of compressive and shearing forces gives rise to a phenomenon known as cavitations. Microwaves are a form of non-ionizing electromagnetic energy. In contrast, MAE uses microwave energy to directly heat the molecules within the material often in a matter of seconds. This thermal energy was responsible for phenolic compounds extraction from plant material. Interest in Conventional-Assisted Extraction (CAE) has increased significantly over the past few years as a result of its inherent advantages (reduction in extraction solvent volume and well percolation) over more traditional extraction techniques. In CAE, the solvent and sample are kept at boiling temperature, all phenolic compounds percolated from plant cells to solvent. In addition, the direct heating that occurs with CAE, typically allows for a reduction in the volume of solvent needed for extraction. The majority of the work had focused on the extraction of phenolic compounds by CAE method only, rather than by other extraction methods such as MAE and UAE. Lianfu and Zelong, (2008) reported combination of Ultrasound/Microwave Assistant Extraction (UMAE) as a optimized procedure for lycopene extraction from tomato and its efficacy in the extraction of phenolic compounds from plant material was investigated. To our knowledge, there are no previous reports on the extraction of polyphenols from M. emarginata, the green leafy vegetable using the combination of Ultrasound and Conventional - Assistant Extraction (UCAE) method. The spectrometric method is used traditionally for quantification of phenolic compounds in plant extracts. However, due to complexity of the phenolic compounds, quantification of individual phenolic compound cannot be determined by spectrometric method. Modern chromatographic techniques are successfully used for the individual 53
3 phenolic compound quantification. Chromatographic methods combined with instrumentation analysis used for the profiling and quantification of phenolic compounds. Gas chromatography (GC) is widely used for phenolic and flavonoid compounds identification based on volatile and non volatile nature of compounds (Stalikas, 2007). The most successful instrumentation method is using HPLC, by which phenolic compounds including anthocyanins, tannins, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, flavanones, flavones, and phenolic acids in different plant extract and food samples (McCallum et al., 2007; Mertz et al., 2007; Pawlowska et al., 2008) could be qualitatively and quantitatively analysed. The reversed-phase (RP) columns have considerably enhanced HPLC separation of different classes of phenolic compounds and RP C 18 columns are almost exclusively employed. It was found that column temperature may affect the separation of phenolics such as individual anthocyanin. Acetonitrile and methanol are the most commonly used organic solvents as mobile phase. In many cases, the mobile phase was acidified with a modifier such as acetic, formic and phosphoric acid for better phenolic compounds separation and to minimize peak tailing. Both isocratic and gradient elution are applied to separate phenolic compounds. The choice depends on the number and type of the analyte and the nature of the matrix. Previously several reviews have been published on the application of HPLC methodologies for the analysis of phenolics (Naczka and Shahidi, 2004; Stalikas, 2007; Dai and Mumper, 2010). After choosing the appropriate column (i.e. stationary phase) and mobile phase (i.e. organic solvents or buffer), the next important step in RP-HPLC method development and choosing the elution mode, that is isocratic elution (constant elution) or gradient elution (The mobile phase composition does not have to remain constant). The gradient provides an adequate separation within an acceptable analysis time (Robards, 2003). Moreover, HPLC with mass spectroscopy (MS) techniques is the most 54
4 powerful analytical technique for identification of mass of the molecule; it offers an unique chance to analyze simultaneously all components of interest together with their possible derivatives or degradation products (Downey and Rochfort, 2008). This chapter evaluates the optimization of phenolic compound extractions from M. emarginata using MAE, UAE, CAE and UCAE methods. Further optimization of RP-HPLC conditions like mobile phase, ph, gradient programme and absorbance maximum for phenolic compounds separation was carried out. 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1. Plant material M. emarginata leaves were used for phenolic compound extraction and identification. Plant collection and sample storage were carried out as previously discussed in chapter I Optimization of phenolic Extraction 2.2. Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) 500 mg of powdered plant material was extracted with 40 ml of 70 % methanol (with 10 ml 5 M HCl) in a microwave for min. On mass yield basis, an extraction time of 20 min at 650 W microwave powers was found to be optimum. The extracts were filtered and concentrated to dryness under vacuum (temperature, 40 ± 3 C) (Lianfu and Zelong, 2008) Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) 500 mg of powdered plant leaves was sonicated with 40 ml of 70 % methanol (10 ml 5 M HCl) in an ultrasonic bath at a frequency of 40 KHz (Elma Ultrasonic, Germany) and at a controlled temperature of 30 ± 5 C for min. An extraction time of 60 min was taken as optimum on mass yield basis. The extracts were filtered 55
5 and concentrated to dryness under vacuum (temperature, C) and the yield obtained used for further analysis (Lianfu and Zelong, 2008) Conventional-Assistant Extraction (CAE) 500 mg of powdered plant leaves with 40 ml of 70 % aqueous methanol was taken. Then 10 ml of 5 M HCl was added. The mixture was stirred carefully. The extraction mixture was then refluxed in a water bath at 100 C for 145 min. After cooling, it was filtered with Whatman No.1 filter paper). Then filtrate was centrifuged at 5000 rpm. The supernatant was filtered with 0.22 µm membrane syringe filter (Pall, Biosciences, USA) prior to injection in RP-HPLC (Proestos et al., 2005) Ultrasound/Conventional-Assistant Extraction (UCAE) 500 mg of powdered plant leaves with 40 ml of 70 % aqueous methanol was taken. Then 10 ml of 5 M HCl was added. The mixture was stirred carefully. The extraction mixture was then refluxed in a water bath at 100 C for 145 min. After cooling, it was filtered with Whatman No.1 filter paper) and filtrate was sonicated at a frequency of 40 KHz in ultra sonic bath for 10 min. Then the filtrate was centrifuged at 5000 rpm and the supernatant was filtered with 0.22 µm membrane syringe filter (Pall Biosciences, USA) prior to injection Optimization of RP-HPLC Method The analytical HPLC system employed consists of High Performance Liquid Chromatography (Waters, USA) coupled with a photodiode array detector (PDA-2998), USA. C 18 reverse phase column of mm, 5µm particle size (SYMMETRY) was used. The mobile phase used was water with 0.1% formic acid as solvent A and 100% methanol as Solvent B. The different isocratic and gradient programmes were followed for phenolic compound separation. The optimized gradient program of 0 10% B (5 min), 10 15% B (5 min), 15 20% B (5 min), 20 30% B (5 min), 30-40% B (10 56
6 min) was followed, flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, and the injection volume was 20 µl. The wavelength was monitored between 210 to 400 nm. The analytical data was evaluated using EMPOWER 2 data processing software from Waters, USA. 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.1. Optimization of UCAE for phenolic compounds extraction The phenolics extraction efficiency of CAE, MAE and UAE methods were assessed by comparing their RP-HPLC chromatogram (Figure 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3). Among these extraction methods, the highest recovery of phenolic compounds in terms of number and yield was obtained in CAE when compared with MAE and UAE. The CAE is traditionally successful extraction method because in this method, maceration or percolation mechanism accounts for better extraction efficiency and little amount of water in the extracting solvent can penetrate easily into the cells of the plant matrix and facilitate better heating of the plant matrix. This in twist increases the mass transfer of the active constituents into the extracting solvent (Wenkui Li et al., 2003). Further, the chromatographic profile of the combination of both UAE and CAE method (UCAE) was better in terms of number of phenolics eluted and resolution of their individual peak when compared with chromatographic profile of other extraction methods (Figure 4.4). Since, the conventional extraction gives better percolation of sample to solvents under boiling temperature and the ultrasound extraction technology, the sonication gives individual phenolic compounds fractions and also offers a mechanical effect to give high penetration of solvent into the sample surfaces, thereby increasing the contact surface area between the solid and liquid phase and result in quick diffusion of sample solute from the solid phase to the extraction solvent (Ghafoor et al., 2009). 57
7 Figure 4.1. Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) RP-HPLC chromatogram at 280 nm Figure 4.2. Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) RP-HPLC chromatogram at 280 nm 58
8 Figure 4.3. Conventional Assistant extraction (CAE) RP-HPLC chromatogram at 280 nm Figure 4.4. Ultrasound Conventional-Assistant extraction (UCAE) RP-HPLC chromatogram at 280 nm 59
9 3.2. Optimization of RP-HPLC condition A separation of mobile phase composition with a constant flow throughout the procedure is termed isocratic (meaning constant composition). In gradient programme, which the mobile phase composition does not have to remain constant. A separation in which the mobile phase composition is changed during the separation process is described as a gradient elution. Both isocratic and gradient program was used for optimization of RP-HPLC condition for ME phenolic compound identification. The Figure 4.5 shows phenolic compound elution by isocratic program. Figure 4.6, 4.7 and 4.8 shows the different gradient programs such as 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Among this gradient elution, the gradient program no.3 was chosen since it gave more phenolic compounds interms of yield and number compared to isocratic and other gradient programs. Many of the previous reports shown gradient programs were used for better separation phenolic compounds from plant materials (Fang et al., 2002; Min Ye et al., 2005; Navindra et al., 2006). Recently Beer and Joubert, (2010) reported development of HPLC method for phenolic compound analysis of Cyclopia subternata. Kokotkiewicz et al, (2012) have reported isolation and structural elucidation of phenolic compounds from Cyclopia subternata using gradient program. Generally phenolic compounds absorbance shows maximum peaks in the UV region. So in this study, the multiwavelength absorbance between of nm was used. Phenolic compounds were monitored in the range between 280, 300 to 320 nm (Figure 4.9). Among these monitoring wavelengths, at 280 nm, most of the abundant phenolic compounds were detected. It is because most of the phenolic compounds absorbance maximum is near to 280 nm. Escarpa and Gonzalez, (1999) have reported phenolic compounds identification from apples and pears was carried out using highperformance liquid chromatography with diode-array detector and was monitored at 280 nm. 60
10 Figure 4.5. Isocratic program RP-HPLC chromatogram at 280 nm Mobile phase Solvent A : Water with 0.1% formic acid Solvent B : 100% Methanol Isocratic program Solvent A - 50 % Solvent B - 50 % 61
11 Figure 4.6. Gradient program 1 RP-HPLC chromatogram at 280 nm Mobile phase Solvent A : Water with 0.1% formic acid Solvent B : 100% Methanol Program 1 0 5% B (5 min), 10 10% B (5 min), 15 15% B (5 min), 20 20% B (5 min), 30 25% B (10 min), 25 40% B (20 min). 62
12 Figure 4.7. Gradient program 2 RP-HPLC chromatogram at 280 nm Mobile phase Solvent A : Water with 0.1% formic acid Solvent B : 100% Methanol Program 2 0 5% B (5 min), 10 10% B (5 min), 15 20% B (5 min), 20 25% B (5 min), 30 35% B (10 min), 35 40% B (30 min). 63
13 Figure 4.8. Gradient program 3 RP-HPLC chromatogram at 280 nm Mobile phase Solvent A : Water with 0.1% formic acid Solvent B : 100% Methanol Program % B (5 min), 10 15% B (5 min), 15 20% B (5 min), 20 30% B (5 min), 30 40% B (10 min), 40 40% B (20 min). 64
14 a b c Figure 4.9. Different nm absorbance of RP-HPLC chromatogram detection a. Ultrasound Conventional-Assistant extraction (UCAE) RP-HPLC chromatogram at 280 nm b. Ultrasound Conventional-Assistant Extraction (UCAE) RP-HPLC chromatogram at 320 nm c. Ultrasound Conventional-Assistant Extraction (UCAE) RP-HPLC chromatogram at 340 nm 65
15 4. CONCLUSION In this chapter, we successfully investigated the optimization of phenolic compounds extraction using CAE, MAE, UAE and UCAE methods. The optimized phenolic compound extraction method was named as ultrasound-conventional assistant extraction (UCAE). Further, the optimized RP-HPLC condition for phenolic compound detection was chosen as gradient programme No.3 which gave more number of phenolic compounds yield at 280 nm wavelength. 66
CHAPTER 8 HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPLC) ANALYSIS OF PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF M. ROXBURGHIANUS AND P. FRATERNUS PLANT EXTRACTS
CHAPTER 8 HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPLC) ANALYSIS OF PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF M. ROXBURGHIANUS AND P. FRATERNUS PLANT EXTRACTS CHAPTER 8: HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPLC)
More informationQualitative and quantitative determination of phenolic antioxidant compounds in red wine and fruit juice with the Agilent 1290 Infinity 2D-LC Solution
Qualitative and quantitative determination of phenolic antioxidant compounds in red wine and fruit juice with the Agilent 1290 Infinity 2D-LC Solution Application Note Food Testing Author Edgar Naegele
More informationRITONAVIRI COMPRESSI RITONAVIR TABLETS. Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia (July 2012)
July 2012 RITONAVIRI COMPRESSI RITONAVIR TABLETS Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia (July 2012) This monograph was adopted at the Forty-sixth WHO Expert Committee on Specifications
More informationTENOFOVIR TABLETS: Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia (June 2010)
June 2010 TENOFOVIR TABLETS: Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia (June 2010) This monograph was adopted at the Forty-fourth WHO Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical
More informationAnalysis of HMF by HPLC
COST Action 927 Training School Building Skills on the Analysis of Thermal Process Contaminants in Foods 22-26 October 2007, Ankara Analysis of HMF by HPLC Vural Gökmen O O OH Background O COOH O R 2 Carbonyl
More informationTHE IDENTIFICATION OF PHENOLIC ACIDS BY HPLC METHOD FROM STRAWBERRIES. Abstract
M. Cioroi. Scientifical Researches. Agroalimentary Processes and Technologies, Volume XI, No. 1 (2005), 211-216 THE IDENTIFICATION OF PHENOLIC ACIDS BY HPLC METHOD FROM STRAWBERRIES Maria Cioroi, Department
More informationSeparation of Polyphenols by Comprehensive 2D-LC and Molecular Formula Determination by Coupling to Accurate Mass Measurement
Separation of Polyphenols by Comprehensive 2D-LC and Molecular Formula Determination by Coupling to Accurate Mass Measurement Application Note Food Testing & Agriculture Author Edgar Naegele Agilent Technologies,
More informationSimultaneous estimation of Metformin HCl and Sitagliptin in drug substance and drug products by RP-HPLC method
International Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017, Mar., Vol. 8 (1) ISSN: 0976-9390 IJCPS Simultaneous estimation of Metformin HCl and Sitagliptin in drug substance and drug products by
More informationSTANDARD OPERATING PROTOCOL (SOP)
1 STANDARD PERATING PRTCL (SP) Subject: Determination of Flavonol Glycosides in Ginkgo biloba Products by HPLC Analysis Project/Core No.: Core B Total 6 Pages SP No.: CB0104 Modified Date: 07/30/01 BTANICAL
More informationCHAPTER INTRODUCTION OF DOSAGE FORM AND LITERATURE REVIEW
132 CHAPTER 6 DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A STABILITY-INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF PARACETAMOL, TRAMADOL HYDROCHLORIDE AND DOMPERIDONE IN A COMBINED DOSAGE FORM 6.1 INTRODUCTION
More informationDevelopment and validation of stability indicating RP-LC method for estimation of calcium dobesilate in pharmaceutical formulations
Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Scholars Research Library Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2016, 8 (11):236-242 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN 0975-5071 USA CODEN: DPLEB4
More informationTHIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY
THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY Thin layer chromatography is the best known technique of plant biochemistry. TLC is used for preliminary separation and determination of plant constituents. It is helpful for
More informationMETHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION BY RP-HPLC FOR ESTIMATION OF ZOLPIDEM TARTARATE
WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES Ramalakshmi et al. SJIF Impact Factor 6.647 Volume 7, Issue 2, 1010-1018 Research Article ISSN 2278 4357 METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION BY RP-HPLC
More informationAmudha S et al., Asian Journal of Pharmthiaceutical Technology & Innovation, 04 (21); 2016; Research Article
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Technology & Innovation ISSN: 2347-8810 Research Article Received on: 09-11-2016 Accepted on: 20-11-2016 Published on: 15-12-2016 Corresponding Author: * Amudha S, Dept.
More informationApplication Note Soy for Isoflavones by HPLC. Botanical Name: Glycine max L. Common Names: Parts of Plant Used: Beans.
Application Note 0066 - Soy for Isoflavones by HPLC As published in The Handbook of Analytical Methods for Dietary Supplements Botanical Name: Glycine max L. Common Names: Soybean Parts of Plant Used:
More informationStability indicating RP-HPLC method development and validation of Etizolam and Propranolol hydrochloride in pharmaceutical dosage form
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ISSN (Print): 2321-3310; ISSN (Online): 2321-3086 Published by Atom and Cell Publishers All Rights Reserved Available online at: http://www.wjpsonline.org/ Original
More informationAnalysis of several common. organic acids in tobacco leaf, snus, and moist snuff
Analysis of several common organic acids in tobacco leaf, snus, and moist snuff S. C. Moldoveanu, W. A. Scott R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. Background Among the organic acids commonly present in tobacco, are
More informationRapid Gradient and Elevated Temperature UHPLC of Flavonoids in Citrus Fruit
Rapid Gradient and Elevated Temperature UHPLC of Flavonoids in Citrus Fruit Application Note General Chromatography, Food Industry Authors John W. Henderson Jr., Judy Berry, Anne Mack, William Long Agilent
More informationSUMMARY, CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS
196 Chapter-5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS 197 CHAPTER 5 5.1 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations Summary and Conclusion are drawn based on the work carried out by the author on development
More informationIsolation of five carotenoid compounds from tangerine tomatoes
Isolation of five carotenoid compounds from tangerine tomatoes Thesis Thomas Haufe Advisor: Steven J. Schwartz, Ph.D Department of Food Science and Technology Presented in fulfillment of the requirements
More informationASSAY AND IMPURITY METHOD FOR DURACOR TABLETS BY HPLC
ASSAY AND IMPURITY METHOD FOR DURACOR TABLETS BY HPLC METHOD APPROVALS Norvin Pharma Inc. Author Analytical Laboratory Approver Analytical Laboratory Group Leader Approver Manager Quality Control Chemistry
More informationSTANDARD OPERATING PROTOCOL (SOP)
1 STANDARD PERATING PRTCL (SP) Subject: To determine the Contents of isoflavone in soybean products by HPLC Analysis Project/Core No.: Core B Total 9 Pages SP No.: CB0102 Modified Date: 05/15/01 BTANICAL
More informationIJPAR Vol.3 Issue 4 Oct-Dec-2014 Journal Home page:
IJPAR Vol.3 Issue 4 Oct-Dec-2014 Journal Home page: ISSN: 2320-2831 Research article Open Access Method development and validation of tenofovir disoproxil fumerate and emtricitabine in combined tablet
More informationTitle Revision n date
A. THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE (TLC) 1. SCOPE The method describes the identification of hydrocortisone acetate, dexamethasone, betamethasone, betamethasone 17-valerate and triamcinolone acetonide
More informationARTESUNATE TABLETS: Final text for revision of The International Pharmacopoeia (December 2009) ARTESUNATI COMPRESSI ARTESUNATE TABLETS
December 2009 ARTESUNATE TABLETS: Final text for revision of The International Pharmacopoeia (December 2009) This monograph was adopted at the Forty-fourth WHO Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical
More informationInvestigation of phenolic compounds of the herbs of Veronica Genus
2016; 5(7): 41-46 ISSN: 2277-7695 TPI 2016; 5(7): 41-46 2016 TPI www.thepharmajournal.com Received: 08-05-2016 Accepted: 09-06-2016 Ivanna Milian Svitlana Marchyshyn Solomiia Kozachok Nazar Yavorivskiy
More informationKey Words: Brassica oleraceae, glucosinolate, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, FNH-I-003
IDENTIFICATION OF MAJOR GLUCOSINOLATES IN BROCCOLI (Brassica oleracea var. italica) BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS SPECTROMETRY (LC-MS) AND DETERMINATION OF ANTICANCER PROPERTIES OF BROCCOLI EXTRACTS Carlos
More informationCHAPTER INTRODUCTION OF DOSAGE FORM AND LITERATURE REVIEW
51 CHAPTER 2 SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF PIOGLITAZONE, GLIMEPIRIDE AND GLIMEPIRIDE IMPURITIES IN COMBINATION DRUG PRODUCT BY A VALIDATED STABILITY-INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD 2.1 INTRODUCTION OF DOSAGE FORM
More informationISSN: ; CODEN ECJHAO E-Journal of Chemistry 2011, 8(3),
ISSN: 0973-4945; CODEN ECJHAO E- Chemistry http://www.e-journals.net 2011, 8(3), 1275-1279 Simultaneous Determination of Paracetamol, Phenylephrine Hydrochloride, Oxolamine Citrate and Chlorpheniramine
More informationA stability indicating RP-HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of darunavir and cobicistat in bulk and tablet dosage form
Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Scholars Research Library Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2016, 8 (12):89-96 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN 0975-5071 USA CODEN: DPLEB4
More informationJournal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2018, 10(3): Research Article
Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2018, 10(3):142-147 Research Article ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Development of Reverse Phase HPLC Method and Validation
More informationApplication Note. Agilent Application Solution Analysis of ascorbic acid, citric acid and benzoic acid in orange juice. Author. Abstract.
Agilent Application Solution Analysis of ascorbic acid, citric acid and benzoic acid in orange juice Application Note Author Food Syed Salman Lateef Agilent Technologies, Inc. Bangalore, India 8 6 4 2
More informationRapid and sensitive UHPLC screening for water soluble vitamins in sports beverages
APPLICATION NOTE 21671 Rapid and sensitive UHPLC screening for water soluble vitamins in sports beverages Authors Jon Bardsley, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Runcorn, UK Keywords Vanquish Flex, Acclaim PolarAdvantage
More informationCYCLOSERINI CAPSULAE - CYCLOSERINE CAPSULES (AUGUST 2015)
August 2015 Document for comment 1 2 3 4 5 CYCLOSERINI CAPSULAE - CYCLOSERINE CAPSULES DRAFT PROPOSAL FOR THE INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPOEIA (AUGUST 2015) DRAFT FOR COMMENT 6 Should you have any comments
More informationvii LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO DESCRIPTION PAGE 1.1 System Suitability Parameters and Recommendations Acidic and Alkaline Hydrolysis 15
vii LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO DESCRIPTION PAGE CHAPTER- 1 1.1 System Suitability Parameters and Recommendations 07 1.2 Acidic and Alkaline Hydrolysis 15 1.3 Oxidative Degradation Study 16 1.4 Hydrolysis
More informationDevelopment and Validation of Improved RP-HPLC method for Identification and Estimation of Ellagic and Gallic acid in Triphala churna
International Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN( USA): IJCRGG ISSN : 0974-4290 Vol.2, No.3, pp 1486-1493, July-Sept 2010 Development and Validation of Improved RP-HPLC method for Identification and Estimation
More informationINTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPOEIA MONOGRAPH ON LAMIVUDINE TABLETS
RESTRICTED INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPOEIA MONOGRAPH ON LAMIVUDINE TABLETS DRAFT FOR COMMENT Please address any comments you may have on this document, by 12 July 2006, to Dr S. Kopp, Quality Assurance and
More information[ APPLICATION NOTE ] The Separation of 8 -THC, 9 -THC, and Their Enantiomers by UPC 2 Using Trefoil Chiral Columns INTRODUCTION APPLICATION BENEFITS
The Separation of 8 -THC, 9 -THC, and Their Enantiomers by UPC 2 Using Trefoil Chiral Columns Jacquelyn Runco, Andrew Aubin, and Catharine Layton Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA APPLICATION BENEFITS
More informationPreparation and characterization of Aloe vera extract
Chapter 2 Preparation and characterization of Aloe vera extract 2.1. INTRODUCTION Aloe vera ethanolic extract was prepared according to Noor et.al, 2008 with few modifications. The phytochemical analysis
More informationInt. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 30(1), January February 2015; Article No. 32, Pages:
Research Article Development and Validation of Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method for the Estimation of Cilnidipine in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form. Atul Kadam* 1, Dr. (Mrs.) Purnima Hamrapurkar
More informationSimultaneous determination of ten major phenolic acids in sugarcane by a reversed phase HPLC method
Simultaneous determination of ten major phenolic acids in sugarcane by a reversed phase HPLC method Gleichzeitige Bestimmung 10 bedeutender Phenolsäuren in Zuckerrohr mittels RP-HPLC Zhen-Gang Zhao, Li-Cai
More informationApplication Note. Treatment of poor memory, memory loss, Alzheimer s disease, peripheral vascular disease.
Application Note As published in The Handbook of Analytical Methods for Dietary Supplements 0047 - Ginkgo for Flavonoids and Terpenes by HPLC Botanical Name: Ginkgo biloba L. Common Names: Maidenhair tree,
More informationRelative Measurement of Zeaxanthin Stereoisomers by Chiral HPLC
Relative Measurement of Zeaxanthin Stereoisomers by Chiral HPLC Principle To measure the relative percentages of the (3R,3 R), (3R,3 S) and (3S,3 S) stereoisomers of zeaxanthin in dietary ingredient and
More informationPelagia Research Library
Available online at www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com Der Pharmacia Sinica, 2014, 5(5):91-98 ISSN: 0976-8688 CODEN (USA): PSHIBD A novel RP-HPLC method development and validation of Perindopril Erbumine in
More informationOptimization of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for the Separation and Identification of Six Different Classes of Phenolics
Optimization of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for the Separation and Identification of Six Different Classes of Phenolics Dhirendra P. Singh 1, R. Govindarajan 1, Anakshi Khare 2, and
More informationTenofovir disoproxil fumarate (Tenofoviri disoproxili fumaras)
C 19 H 30 N 5 O 10 P. C 4 H 4 O 4 Relative molecular mass. 635.5. Chemical names. bis(1-methylethyl) 5-{[(1R)-2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-1-methylethoxy]methyl}-5-oxo-2,4,6,8-tetraoxa-5-λ 5 - phosphanonanedioate
More informationDRAFT PROPOSAL FOR THE INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPOEIA: CARBAMAZEPINI COMPRESSI - CARBAMAZEPINE TABLETS
December 2015 Draft document for comment 1 2 3 4 5 6 DRAFT PROPOSAL FOR THE INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPOEIA: CARBAMAZEPINI COMPRESSI - CARBAMAZEPINE TABLETS (December 2015) REVISED DRAFT FOR COMMENT Should
More informationF. Al-Rimawi* Faculty of Science and Technology, Al-Quds University, P.O. Box 20002, East Jerusalem. Abstract
JJC Jordan Journal of Chemistry Vol. 4 No.4, 2009, pp. 357-365 Development and Validation of Analytical Method for Fluconazole and Fluconazole Related Compounds (A, B, and C) in Capsule Formulations by
More informationDRAFT MONOGRAPH FOR THE INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPOEIA EFAVIRENZ, EMTRICITABINE AND TENOFOVIR TABLETS
September 2010 RESTRICTED DRAFT MONOGRAPH FOR THE INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPOEIA EFAVIRENZ, EMTRICITABINE AND TENOFOVIR TABLETS (August 2010) DRAFT FOR COMMENT This document was provided by a quality control
More informationChapter 4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
Chapter 4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 203 Let food be thy medicine, thy medicine shall be thy food...hippocrates 204 4.1. The inverse association between intake of fruits and vegetables and delayed onset of
More informationA New Stability-Indicating and Validated RP-HPLC Method for the Estimation of Liraglutide in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
OPEN ACCESS Eurasian Journal of Analytical Chemistry ISSN: 1306-3057 2017 12(2):31-44 DOI 10.12973/ejac.2017.00152a A New Stability-Indicating and Validated RP-HPLC Method for the Estimation of Liraglutide
More informationA biocatalytic hydrogenation of carboxylic acids
Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) for: A biocatalytic hydrogenation of carboxylic acids Yan Ni, Peter-Leon Hagedoorn,* Jian-He Xu, Isabel Arends, Frank Hollmann* 1. General Chemicals All the carboxylic
More informationEMTRICITABINE AND TENOFOVIR TABLETS
September 2010 RESTRICTED EMTRICITABINE AND TENOFOVIR TABLETS Draft proposal for The International Pharmacopoeia (September2010) REVISED DRAFT FOR COMMENT This document was provided by a quality control
More information2. Review of literature: 2.1 General review on methods of simultaneous determination of hypertensive drugs.
2. Review of literature: 2.1 General review on methods of simultaneous determination of hypertensive drugs. Still present many analytical methods are available on traditional or classical methods and these
More informationThis revision also necessitates a change in the table numbering in the test for Organic Impurities.
Methylphenidate Hydrochloride Extended-Release Tablets Type of Posting Notice of Intent to Revise Posting Date 27 Jul 2018 Targeted Official Date To Be Determined, Revision Bulletin Expert Committee Chemical
More informationHPTLC and HPLC analysis of T. chebula extracts prepared using microwave and ultrasonication assisted extraction methods
215; 4(1): 192-196 E-ISSN: 2278-4136 P-ISSN: 2349-8234 JPP 215; 4(1): 192-196 Received: 12-4-215 Accepted: 15-5-215 Rency Elizabeth Thomas Department of Biotechnology, S. D. Kamat Department of Microbiology,
More informationAnalysis of Cannabinoids in Cannabis by UHPLC Using PDA Detection
APPLICATION NOTE Liquid Chromatography Author: Wilhad M. Reuter PerkinElmer, Inc. Shelton, CT Analysis of Cannabinoids in Cannabis by UHPLC Using PDA Detection Introduction Cannabis sativa, from which
More informationMass-Based Purification of Natural Product Impurities Using an Agilent 1260 Infinity II Preparative LC/MSD System
Application Note Food Testing and Agriculture Mass-Based Purification of Natural Product Impurities Using an Agilent 126 Infinity II Preparative LC/MSD System Authors Florian Rieck and Jörg Hippler Agilent
More informationAnalysis of Isoflavones with the PerkinElmer Flexar FX-15 UHPLC System Equipped with a PDA Detector
application Note UHPLC Author Njies Pedjie PerkinElmer, Inc. Shelton, CT 06484 USA Analysis of Isoflavones with the PerkinElmer Flexar FX-15 UHPLC System Equipped with a PDA Detector Introduction Foods
More informationComparison of a UPLC Method across Multiple UHPLC Systems
Comparison of a UPLC Method across Multiple UHPLC Systems Tanya Jenkins Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, U.S. INTRODUCTION In 2004, Waters introduced the ACQUITY UPLC System. Since this launch, many liquid
More informationSIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF VALSARTAN AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE IN TABLETS BY RP-HPLC METHOD
170 Original Article SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF VALSARTAN AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE IN TABLETS BY RP-HPLC METHOD *Lakshmana Rao A, 1 Bhaskara Raju V *V.V. Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gudlavalleru,
More informationLutein Esters from Tagetes Erecta
Residue Monograph prepared by the meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), 82 nd meeting 2016 Lutein Esters from Tagetes Erecta This monograph was also published in: Compendium
More informationExtended Application Note
Extended Application Note Comparison of 4 μm vs. 2.o Columns in Analysis of Drospirenone/Ethinyl Estradiol Tablet APP A-339 www.mtc-usa.com 1-732-578-1777 INTRODUCTION The formulation of drospirenone and
More informationAnalysis of Amino Acids Derived Online Using an Agilent AdvanceBio AAA Column
Application Note Pharmaceutical and Food Testing Analysis of Amino Acids Derived Online Using an Agilent AdvanceBio AAA Column Author Lu Yufei Agilent Technologies, Inc. Abstract A liquid chromatographic
More informationSelectivity Comparison of Agilent Poroshell 120 Phases in the Separation of Butter Antioxidants
Selectivity Comparison of Agilent Poroshell 1 Phases in the Separation of Butter Antioxidants Application Note Food Testing & Agriculture Author Rongjie Fu Agilent Technologies (Shanghai) Co. Ltd. Abstract
More informationAsian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry Journal home page:
Research Article CODEN: AJPAD7 ISSN: 2321-0923 Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry Journal home page: www.ajpamc.com ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF GEFITINIB
More informationISSN X CODEN (USA): PCHHAX. A study of the component composition of phenolic compounds obtained from Dahlia varieties Ken s Flame herb
Available online at www.derpharmachemica.com ISSN 0975-413X CODEN (USA): PCHHAX Der Pharma Chemica, 2016, 8(18):455-459 (http://derpharmachemica.com/archive.html) A study of the component composition of
More informationA New RP-HPLC Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Naltrexone Hydrochloride and Bupropion in Its Pure and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Human Journals Research Article July 2018 Vol.:12, Issue:4 All rights are reserved by A. Yasodha et al. A New RP-HPLC Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Naltrexone Hydrochloride and Bupropion in
More informationHPLC Determination of Eight Polyphenols in the Leaves of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major
HPLC Determination of Eight Polyphenols in the Leaves of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major Xixiang Ying 1,2, Rongxiang Wang 1, Jing Xu 1, Wenjie Zhang 1, Haibo Li 3, Chaoshen Zhang 1, and Famei Li
More informationComprehensive Study of SLE as a Sample. Preparation Tool for Bioanalysis
Comprehensive Study of SLE as a Sample Preparation Tool for Bioanalysis Wan Wang, Warren Chen, Jerry Wang Bonna-Agela Technologies 179 Southern Street, West TEDA, Tianjin, China Abstract A simple, fast,
More informationLEVONORGESTREL AND ETHINYLESTRADIOL TABLETS. (January 2012) DRAFT FOR COMMENT
January 2012 RESTRICTED DRAFT PROPOSAL FOR The International Pharmacopoeia LEVONORGESTREL AND ETHINYLESTRADIOL TABLETS (January 2012) DRAFT FOR COMMENT This document was provided by a quality control expert.
More informationJournal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2013, 5(1): Research Article
Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2013, 5(1):180-184 Research Article ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 A simple and sensitive RP-HPLC method for estimation
More informationRP-HPLC Analysis of Temozolomide in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
Asian Journal of Chemistry Vol. 22, No. 7 (2010), 5067-5071 RP-HPLC Analysis of Temozolomide in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms A. LAKSHMANA RAO*, G. TARAKA RAMESH and J.V.L.N.S. RAO Department of Pharmaceutical
More informationHyderabad, India. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Glocal University, Saharanpur, India.
International Journal On Engineering Technology and Sciences IJETS RP-HPLC Method development and validation for the Simultaneous Estimation of Metformin and Empagliflozine in Tablet Dosage Form Shaik
More informationDEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF TRAMADOL IN PURE AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS
Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 10(4), 2012, 2039-2047 ISSN 0972-768X www.sadgurupublications.com DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF TRAMADOL IN PURE AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS
More informationMETHOD DEVELOPMENT FOR SEPARATION AND ANALYSIS OF PR-2 ANTIFUNGAL PROTEIN FROM PUMPKIN RINDS USING REVERSE PHASE CHROMATOGRAPHY
Research Paper METHOD DEVELOPMENT FOR SEPARATION AND ANALYSIS OF PR-2 ANTIFUNGAL PROTEIN FROM PUMPKIN RINDS USING REVERSE PHASE CHROMATOGRAPHY Mr Shrikant R. Kulkarni Author for correspondence Department
More informationCHAPTER-2. Table of Contents. S.No. Name of the Sub-Title Page No. 2.1 Literature survey for simultaneous estimation of selected drugs by RP-HPLC
21 CHAPTER-2 Table of Contents Chapter 2. Literature Survey S.No. Name of the Sub-Title Page No. 2.1 Literature survey for simultaneous selected drugs by RP-HPLC 2.2 Literature survey for simultaneous
More informationHPLC ASSESSMENT OF CAROTENOIDS STABILITY IN PASTA COLOURED WITH A NATURAL EXTRACT. Abstract
E. Muntean, et al. Scientifical Researches. Agroalimentary Processes and Technologies, Volume XI, No. 1 (2005), 115-122 HPLC ASSESSMENT OF CAROTENOIDS STABILITY IN PASTA COLOURED WITH A NATURAL EXTRACT
More informationApplication Note. Preparative Isolation of Piperine from Black Pepper Extracts. Summary. Introduction. Fig. 1
Application Note Preparative Isolation of Piperine from Black Pepper Extracts Category Food analysis Matrix Pepper Extract Method analytical HPLC, preparative HPLC Keywords Pepper, quality control, purity
More informationBioavailability of dietary (poly)phenols following acute. ingestion of an enriched drink by ileostomists
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Bioavailability of dietary (poly)phenols following acute ingestion of an enriched drink by ileostomists Gina Borges a, Michael E.J. Lean b, Susan A. Roberts c, and Alan Crozier *a
More informationRapid and sensitive UHPLC screening of additives in carbonated beverages with a robust organic acid column
APPLICATION NOTE 21673 Rapid and sensitive UHPLC screening of additives in carbonated beverages with a robust organic acid column Authors Aaron Lamb and Brian King, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Runcorn, UK
More informationChapter 6 IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FLAVONOIDS BY HPLC AND LC-MS/MS ANALYSIS
Chapter 6 IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FLAVONOIDS BY HPLC AND LC-MS/MS ANALYSIS 6.1 Introduction This chapter discusses the method development carried out for the identification and characterization
More informationPAPRIKA EXTRACT SYNONYMS DEFINITION DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL USES CHARACTERISTICS
PAPRIKA EXTRACT Prepared at the 77 th JECFA, published in FAO JECFA Monographs 14 (2013), superseding tentative specifications prepared at the 69 th JECFA (2008). An ADI of 0-1.5 mg/kg bw was allocated
More informationShuguang Li, Jason Anspach, Sky Countryman, and Erica Pike Phenomenex, Inc., 411 Madrid Ave., Torrance, CA USA PO _W
Simple, Fast and Accurate Quantitation of Human Plasma Vitamins and Their Metabolites by Protein Precipitation Combined with Columns Using HPLC-UV, HPLC-FLD or LC/MS/MS Shuguang Li, Jason Anspach, Sky
More informationZIDOVUDINE, LAMIVUDINE AND ABACAVIR TABLETS Draft proposal for The International Pharmacopoeia (September 2006)
September 2006 RESTRICTED ZIDOVUDINE, LAMIVUDINE AND ABACAVIR TABLETS Draft proposal for The International Pharmacopoeia (September 2006) This document was provided by a contracted quality control laboratory.
More informationA simple validated RP-HPLC method for quantification of sumatriptan succinate in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form
IJPAR Vol.4 Issue 1 Jan-Mar-2015 Journal Home page: ISSN: 2320-2831 Research article Open Access A simple validated RP-HPLC method for quantification of sumatriptan succinate in bulk and pharmaceutical
More informationPelagia Research Library
Available online at www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com Der Pharmacia Sinica, 2015, 6(1):6-10 ISSN: 0976-8688 CODEN (USA): PSHIBD Validated RP-HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of metformin hydrochloride
More informationMaximizing chromatographic peak capacity with the Agilent 1290 Infinity LC system
Maximizing chromatographic peak capacity with the Agilent 1290 Infinity LC system A practical guide on how to use parameters to increase peak capacity Application Note Pharmaceutical and Chemical Author
More informationAnkit et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics; 2013, 3(2), Available online at RESEARCH ARTICLE
Ankit et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics; 2013, 3(2), 26-30 26 Available online at http://jddtonline.info RESEARCH ARTICLE METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND ITS VALIDATION FOR QUANTITATIVE SIMULTANEOUS
More informationDiscovIR-LC. Application Note 026 May 2008 READING TEA LEAVES SUMMARY INTRODUCTION
TM DiscovIR-LC Deposition and Detection System Application Note 026 May 2008 READING TEA LEAVES The DiscovIR-LC is a powerful new tool for materials analysis. When connected to the outlet of an LC column,
More informationUltrafast analysis of synthetic antioxidants in vegetable oils using the Agilent 1290 Infinity LC system
Ultrafast analysis of synthetic antioxidants in vegetable oils using the Agilent 19 Infinity LC system Application Note Food Authors Standard solution Gerd Vanhoenacker, Frank David, Pat Sandra Research
More informationJournal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research
Available on line www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research ISSN No: 0975-7384 CODEN(USA): JCPRC5 J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 2011, 3(1):138-144 Simultaneous RP HPLC determination of Latanoprost
More informationTUM. Biocompounds II Concentration of Flavonols and Anthocyanidins in apple skin: Relation between Multiplex and HPLC values. Prof. Dr.
TUM Biocompounds II Concentration of Flavonols and Anthocyanidins in apple skin: Relation between Multiplex and HPLC values Prof. Dr. Treutter Dr. Rühmann Michele Lomonaco Flavonols Are derived from dihydroflavonols
More informationChromatography Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectroscopy
Application Note Differentiation and Determination Differentiation and Determination of Fatty Acid Methyl of Fatty Esters Acid by Gas Methyl Chromatography Esters by Vacuum Gas Ultraviolet Spectroscopy
More informationIsocratic Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatographic Method Validation for the Determination of Cilostazol in Pure and Formulations
Human Journals Research Article October 2015 Vol.:4, Issue:3 All rights are reserved by Rambabu K et al. Isocratic Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatographic Method Validation for the Determination of Cilostazol
More informationJournal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2017, 9(9): Research Article
Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2017, 9(9):70-80 Research Article ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Development and Validation of Stability Indicating
More informationComparison of conventional HPLC with UPLC method for determination of albuterol sulfate and it s impurities in pharmaceutical formulation
Oriental Journal of Chemistry Vol. 24(2), 537-544 (2008) Comparison of conventional HPLC with UPLC method for determination of albuterol sulfate and it s impurities in pharmaceutical formulation P.N. DALVI,
More informationDEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF LACOSAMIDE IN BULK AND ITS PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION
http://www.rasayanjournal.com Vol.4, No.3 (2011), 666-672 ISSN: 0974-1496 CODEN: RJCABP DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR IN BULK AND ITS PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION V.Kalyan Chakravarthy*
More informationCHAPTER-6 IDENTIFICATION, AND CHARACTERISATION OF DEGRADATION IMPURITY IN VALSARTAN TABLETS
129 CHAPTER-6 IDENTIFICATION, AND CHARACTERISATION OF DEGRADATION IMPURITY IN VALSARTAN TABLETS 130 6.1. Introduction Valsartan is an orally active specific angiotensin II blocker effective in lowering
More information