Biol220 Cell Signalling Cyclic AMP the classical secondary messenger
|
|
- James Wood
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Biol220 Cell Signalling Cyclic AMP the classical secondary messenger
2
3 The classical secondary messenger model of intracellular signalling A cell surface receptor binds the signal molecule (the primary messenger ). Occupation of the receptor is transduced into an intracellular signal by activation of an effector enzyme. The enzyme makes a secondary messenger that initiates spread of signalling information away from the vicinity of the occupied receptor. The secondary messenger transfers information by interaction with target proteins that promote activation/inactivation of protein kinases and/or protein phosphatases. Changes in the phosphorylation state of the protein substrates (e.g. enzymes, transcription factors) for these signalsensitive protein kinases/phosphatases bring about changes in cellular activity.
4 Ligand Receptor Transducer Effector Enzyme Membrane Cell Interior Secondary Messenger ACTIVATION Primary Protein Kinase PHOSPHORYLATION ACTIVATION Target A Target B Target C Other Protein Kinase(s) PHOSPHORYLATION Target D Target E Target F Fig. 1 The classical secondary messenger signalling system The classical secondary messenger mechanism
5 The cyclic AMP secondary messenger system Adrenaline, acting on a hepatic -adrenergic receptor, leads to the activation of adenylyl cyclase with the consequent production of cyclic AMP.
6
7 The role of G-proteins in cyclic AMP signalling Heterotrimeric ( ) guanine-nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins) couple seven-pass hormone receptors to the enzymes (e.g. adenylyl cyclase) in the plasma membrane responsible for the generation of secondary messengers (e.g. cyclic AMP). Occupation of the receptor causes activation of the G protein, which, in turn, regulates the activity of the plasma membrane enzyme.
8 The G protein cycle In the inactive state, the G protein has GDP bound to a single GDP-binding site. Following occupation of the receptor, the hormonereceptor complex binds to the G protein and triggers the release of GDP in exchange for GTP.
9 This causes the breakdown of the G protein complex into a GTP-containing -subunit and a subunit complex. This is the active state of the G protein and the subunit directly activates the enzyme responsible for secondary messenger synthesis. Deactivation of the G protein is achieved by the breakdown of GTP to GDP on the -subunit. This is catalyzed by the intrinsic GTPase activity of the -subunit. The GDP-containing -subunit then binds the subunits thereby reforming the original inactive complex.
10 The G-protein cycle.
11 Enzymic synthesis and degradation of cyclic AMP Cyclic AMP is formed by the cyclization of ATP. The 3'OH group of the ribose unit attacks the - phosphoryl group of ATP to form a phosphodiester bond, with the concomitant release of pyrophosphate. Cyclic AMP is hydrolyzed to 5'-AMP by specific phosphodiesterases (PDEs).
12 Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PK-A) This enzyme mediates all the known effects of cyclic AMP in animal cells. The enzyme is a tetramer. Two catalytic (C) subunits are complexed with two regulatory R subunits to give an overall R 2 C 2 structure. The R subunits possess two non-identical, high affinity binding sites for cyclic AMP. Occupation of first site leads to a conformational change and the exposure of a second binding site on each R subunit. Binding to the second site leads to the dissociation of the complex and the release of free catalytically active C subunits.
13 PK-A is able to phosphorylate a wide range of target proteins. PK-A phosphorylates and activates the enzyme phosphorylase kinase that, in turn, is responsible for phosphorylation and activation of glycogen phosphorylase. Following activation of PK-A, protein phosphatase 1 (PP-1) also becomes inactivated. PK-A catalytic subunit complexed with PKI(5-24) and ATP analogue.
14 Adrenaline -Receptor Membrane Gs Adenylate Cyclase AMP PDE cyclic AMP ACTIVATION Protein Kinase A PHOSPHORYLATION ACTIVATION Target A Target B Target C Phosphorylaae Kinase PHOSPHORYLATION Target D Glycogen Phosphorylase Target F Fig. 2 The cyclic AMP signalling system in liver The cyclic AMP secondary messenger system.
15
16
17 Adrenaline Cyclic AMPdependent control of glycogen breakdown
18 Control of phosphorylase kinase activity by cyclic AMP and Ca 2+
19 adrenaline adrenaline Cyclic AMP-dependent control of glycogen breakdown: activation of glycogen phosphorylase and inhibition of glycogen synthase.
20 The role of protein phosphatases In muscle some protein phosphatase 1 (PP-1) is located, together with enzymes of glycogen metabolism, within glycogen particles. Glycogen-associated PP-1 is composed of a catalytic subunit and a glycogen binding regulatory subunit. Adrenaline causes (cyclic AMPdependent) phosphorylation of the regulatory subunit, whereby the catalytic subunit is released from the glycogen particle. The freed catalytic subunit is inactivated by the adrenalineactivated protein phosphatase inhibitor proteins.
21 CREB Transcription Factors CREB (cyclic AMP response element binding) - protein is a DNA binding activity that binds to promoters of cyclic AMPinducible genes and mediates their induction in response to activation of the cyclic AMP pathway. Following an increase in [cyclic AMP], free PK-A catalytic subunits can migrate to the nucleus and phosphorylate CREB. Ser 133 is phosphorylated resulting in a 20-fold increase in CREB transcriptional activity.
22 The many roles of cyclic AMP.
23 Summary The cyclic AMP signalling system is the classical secondary messenger pathway. Occupation of a receptor is transduced into adenylyl cyclasemediated intracellular cyclic AMP production by the G-protein cycle. Accumulated cyclic AMP is able to bind to, and activate, the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. This enzyme increases the phosphorylation state of specific target proteins (e.g. enzymes, transcription factors). The actions of adenylyl cyclase and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase are opposed by phosphodiesterase enzymes and protein phosphatases. These enzymes attenuate the signalling activity of the cyclic AMP signalling pathway.
Vets 111/Biov 111 Cell Signalling-2. Secondary messengers the cyclic AMP intracellular signalling system
Vets 111/Biov 111 Cell Signalling-2 Secondary messengers the cyclic AMP intracellular signalling system The classical secondary messenger model of intracellular signalling A cell surface receptor binds
More informationPlasma membranes. Plasmodesmata between plant cells. Gap junctions between animal cells Cell junctions. Cell-cell recognition
Cell Communication Cell Signaling Cell-to-cell communication is essential for multicellular organisms Communicate by chemical messengers Animal and plant cells have cell junctions that directly connect
More informationEnzymes Part III: regulation II. Dr. Mamoun Ahram Summer, 2017
Enzymes Part III: regulation II Dr. Mamoun Ahram Summer, 2017 Advantage This is a major mechanism for rapid and transient regulation of enzyme activity. A most common mechanism is enzyme phosphorylation
More informationCell Signaling part 2
15 Cell Signaling part 2 Functions of Cell Surface Receptors Other cell surface receptors are directly linked to intracellular enzymes. The largest family of these is the receptor protein tyrosine kinases,
More informationSarah Jaar Marah Al-Darawsheh
22 Sarah Jaar Marah Al-Darawsheh Faisal Mohammad Receptors can be membrane proteins (for water-soluble hormones/ligands) or intracellular (found in the cytosol or nucleus and bind to DNA, for lipid-soluble
More informationCellular Signaling Pathways. Signaling Overview
Cellular Signaling Pathways Signaling Overview Signaling steps Synthesis and release of signaling molecules (ligands) by the signaling cell. Transport of the signal to the target cell Detection of the
More information11/8/16. Cell Signaling Mechanisms. Dr. Abercrombie 11/8/2016. Principal Parts of Neurons A Signal Processing Computer
Cell Signaling Mechanisms Dr. Abercrombie 11/8/2016 Principal Parts of Neurons A Signal Processing Computer A Multitude of Synapses and Synaptic Actions Summation/Synaptic Integration 1 The Synapse Signal
More informationSignal Transduction Cascades
Signal Transduction Cascades Contents of this page: Kinases & phosphatases Protein Kinase A (camp-dependent protein kinase) G-protein signal cascade Structure of G-proteins Small GTP-binding proteins,
More informationLecture 15. Signal Transduction Pathways - Introduction
Lecture 15 Signal Transduction Pathways - Introduction So far.. Regulation of mrna synthesis Regulation of rrna synthesis Regulation of trna & 5S rrna synthesis Regulation of gene expression by signals
More informationMechanisms of Hormone Action
Mechanisms of Hormone Action General principles: 1. Signals act over different ranges. 2. Signals have different chemical natures. 3. The same signal can induce a different response in different cells.
More informationFUNDAMENTALS OF BIOCHEMISTRY, CELL BIOLOGY AND BIOPHYSICS Vol. I - Biochemistry of Vitamins, Hormones and Other Messenger Molecules - Chris Whiteley
BIOCHEMISTRY OF VITAMINS, HORMONES AND OTHER MESSENGER MOLECULES Chris Whiteley Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa Keywords: phosphorylation, phosphorylase,
More informationChapter 11. Cell Communication. Signal Transduction Pathways
Chapter 11 Cell Communication Signal Transduction Pathways Signal-Transduction Pathway Signal on a cell s surface is converted into a specific cellular response Local signaling (short distance) - Paracrine
More informationReceptor mediated Signal Transduction
Receptor mediated Signal Transduction G-protein-linked receptors adenylyl cyclase camp PKA Organization of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases From G.M. Cooper, The Cell. A molecular approach, 2004, third
More informationSignal Transduction Pathways. Part 2
Signal Transduction Pathways Part 2 GPCRs G-protein coupled receptors > 700 GPCRs in humans Mediate responses to senses taste, smell, sight ~ 1000 GPCRs mediate sense of smell in mouse Half of all known
More informationRevision. General functions of hormones. Hormone receptors. Hormone derived from steroids Small polypeptide Hormone
االله الرحمن الرحيم بسم Revision General functions of hormones. Hormone receptors Classification according to chemical nature Classification according to mechanism of action Compare and contrast between
More informationChapter 9. Cellular Signaling
Chapter 9 Cellular Signaling Cellular Messaging Page 215 Cells can signal to each other and interpret the signals they receive from other cells and the environment Signals are most often chemicals The
More informationChapter 15: Signal transduction
Chapter 15: Signal transduction Know the terminology: Enzyme-linked receptor, G-protein linked receptor, nuclear hormone receptor, G-protein, adaptor protein, scaffolding protein, SH2 domain, MAPK, Ras,
More informationLipids and Membranes
Lipids and Membranes Presented by Dr. Mohammad Saadeh The requirements for the Pharmaceutical Biochemistry I Philadelphia University Faculty of pharmacy Membrane transport D. Endocytosis and Exocytosis
More informationSignal Transduction: G-Protein Coupled Receptors
Signal Transduction: G-Protein Coupled Receptors Federle, M. (2017). Lectures 4-5: Signal Transduction parts 1&2: nuclear receptors and GPCRs. Lecture presented at PHAR 423 Lecture in UIC College of Pharmacy,
More informationMembrane associated receptor transfers the information. Second messengers relay information
Membrane associated receptor transfers the information Most signals are polar and large Few of the signals are nonpolar Receptors are intrinsic membrane proteins Extracellular and intracellular domains
More informationTala Saleh. Ahmad Attari. Mamoun Ahram
23 Tala Saleh Ahmad Attari Minna Mushtaha Mamoun Ahram In the previous lecture, we discussed the mechanisms of regulating enzymes through inhibitors. Now, we will start this lecture by discussing regulation
More informationBiosignals, Chapter 8, rearranged, Part I
Biosignals, Chapter 8, rearranged, Part I Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor: A Ligand-Binding Ion Channel Classes of Receptor Proteins in Eukaryotes, Heterotrimeric G Proteins Signaling View the Heterotrimeric
More informationCell Communication. Local and Long Distance Signaling
Cell Communication Cell to cell communication is essential for multicellular organisms Some universal mechanisms of cellular regulation providing more evidence for the evolutionary relatedness of all life
More informationThe elements of G protein-coupled receptor systems
The elements of G protein-coupled receptor systems Prostaglandines Sphingosine 1-phosphate a receptor that contains 7 membrane-spanning domains a coupled trimeric G protein which functions as a switch
More informationTuesday, Sept. 14, Is an enzyme a rigid system?
Tuesday, Sept. 14, Is an enzyme a rigid system? Early researchers thought of enzymes as rigid entities, recognizing their substrates the way a lock would recognize a key. Today's researchers, however,
More informationChapter 11. Cell Communication
Chapter 11 Cell Communication Overview: The Cellular Internet Cell-to-cell communication Is absolutely essential for multicellular organisms Concept 11.1: External signals are converted into responses
More informationLecture 9: Cell Communication I
02.05.10 Lecture 9: Cell Communication I Multicellular organisms need to coordinate cellular functions in different tissues Cell-to-cell communication is also used by single celled organisms to signal
More informationRegulation of cell function by intracellular signaling
Regulation of cell function by intracellular signaling Objectives: Regulation principle Allosteric and covalent mechanisms, Popular second messengers, Protein kinases, Kinase cascade and interaction. regulation
More informationHormones and Signal Transduction. Dr. Kevin Ahern
Dr. Kevin Ahern Signaling Outline Signaling Outline Background Signaling Outline Background Membranes Signaling Outline Background Membranes Hormones & Receptors Signaling Outline Background Membranes
More informationRevision. camp pathway
االله الرحمن الرحيم بسم Revision camp pathway camp pathway Revision camp pathway Adenylate cyclase Adenylate Cyclase enzyme Adenylate cyclase catalyses the formation of camp from ATP. Stimulation or inhibition
More informationGPCR. General Principles of Cell Signaling G-protein-Coupled Receptors Enzyme-Coupled Receptors Other Signaling Pathways. G-protein-Coupled Receptors
G-protein-Coupled Receptors General Principles of Cell Signaling G-protein-Coupled Receptors Enzyme-Coupled Receptors Other Signaling Pathways GPCR G-protein-coupled receptors Figure 15-30 Molecular Biology
More information2402 : Anatomy/Physiology
Dr. Chris Doumen Lecture 2 2402 : Anatomy/Physiology The Endocrine System G proteins and Adenylate Cyclase /camp TextBook Readings Pages 405 and 599 through 603. Make use of the figures in your textbook
More informationG-Protein Signaling. Introduction to intracellular signaling. Dr. SARRAY Sameh, Ph.D
G-Protein Signaling Introduction to intracellular signaling Dr. SARRAY Sameh, Ph.D Cell signaling Cells communicate via extracellular signaling molecules (Hormones, growth factors and neurotransmitters
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationCellular Communication
Cellular Communication But before we get into that What have we learned about so far? Energy and Matter Why do living things need energy? Grow Reproduce Maintain homeostasis Cellular signaling Cells communicate
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition. Lectures by Chris Romero. Neil Campbell and Jane Reece
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero Overview: The Cellular Internet Cell-to-cell communication Is absolutely
More informationPrinciples of Genetics and Molecular Biology
Cell signaling Dr. Diala Abu-Hassan, DDS, PhD School of Medicine Dr.abuhassand@gmail.com Principles of Genetics and Molecular Biology www.cs.montana.edu Modes of cell signaling Direct interaction of a
More informationBiochemie 4. Cell communication - GPCR
Biochemie 4 Cell communication - GPCR 1 Lecture outline General principles - local and long-distance signaling - classes of receptors - molecular switches and second messengers Receptor tyrosine kinases
More informationLab Results: 1. Document the initial and final egg masses. 2. Calculate the percent change
Lab Results: 1. Document the initial and final egg masses. 2. Calculate the percent change 3. Draw an arrow showing which way water traveled (in or out of the egg) on your post lab. CHI- SQUARE: What if
More informationLecture: CHAPTER 13 Signal Transduction Pathways
Lecture: 10 17 2016 CHAPTER 13 Signal Transduction Pathways Chapter 13 Outline Signal transduction cascades have many components in common: 1. Release of a primary message as a response to a physiological
More informationCell Communication. Cell Communication. Communication between cells requires: ligand: the signaling molecule
Cell Communication Cell Communication Communication between cells requires: ligand: the signaling molecule receptor protein: the molecule to which the ligand binds (may be on the plasma membrane or within
More informationPharmacodynamics. OUTLINE Definition. Mechanisms of drug action. Receptors. Agonists. Types. Types Locations Effects. Definition
Pharmacodynamics OUTLINE Definition. Mechanisms of drug action. Receptors Types Locations Effects Agonists Definition Types Outlines of Pharmacodynamics Antagonists Definition Types Therapeutic Index Definition
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationModel Answer. M.Sc. Zoology (First Semester) Examination Paper LZT 103 (Endocrinology)
Model Answer M.Sc. Zoology (First Semester) Examination-2013 Paper LZT 103 (Endocrinology) Section A 1. (i) d (ii) b (iii) b (iv) c (v) c (vi) a (vii) c (viii) a (ix) d (x) b Section B Q.2 Answer Hormonal
More informationPropagation of the Signal
OpenStax-CNX module: m44452 1 Propagation of the Signal OpenStax College This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 By the end of this section,
More informationINTERACTION DRUG BODY
INTERACTION DRUG BODY What the drug does to the body What the body does to the drug Receptors - intracellular receptors - membrane receptors - Channel receptors - G protein-coupled receptors - Tyrosine-kinase
More informationPPP_glycogen_metabolism Part 2 الفريق الطبي األكاديمي. Done By: - Shady Soghayr
PPP_glycogen_metabolism Part 2 الفريق الطبي األكاديمي Done By: - Shady Soghayr لكية الطب البرشي البلقاء التطبيقية / املركز 6166 6102/ **How we get glucose-1-phosphate from glucose (source of glucose-1-
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology. Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationUNIT 3: Signal transduction. Prof K Syed Department of Biochemistry & Microbiology University of Zululand Room no. 247
UNIT 3: Signal transduction Prof K Syed Department of Biochemistry & Microbiology University of Zululand Room no. 247 SyedK@unizulu.ac.za Topics Signal transduction Terminology G-protein signaling pathway
More informationHORMONES (Biomedical Importance)
hormones HORMONES (Biomedical Importance) Hormones are the chemical messengers of the body. They are defined as organic substances secreted into blood stream to control the metabolic and biological activities.
More informationReceptors and Drug Action. Dr. Subasini Pharmacology Department Ishik University, Erbil
Receptors and Drug Action Dr. Subasini Pharmacology Department Ishik University, Erbil Receptors and Drug Action Receptor Receptor is defined as a macromolecule or binding site located on the surface or
More informationPrinciples of cell signaling Lecture 4
Principles of cell signaling Lecture 4 Johan Lennartsson Molecular Cell Biology (1BG320), 2014 Johan.Lennartsson@licr.uu.se 1 Receptor tyrosine kinase-induced signal transduction Erk MAP kinase pathway
More informationChapter 20. Cell - Cell Signaling: Hormones and Receptors. Three general types of extracellular signaling. endocrine signaling. paracrine signaling
Chapter 20 Cell - Cell Signaling: Hormones and Receptors Three general types of extracellular signaling endocrine signaling paracrine signaling autocrine signaling Endocrine Signaling - signaling molecules
More informationMBG301. Class IV. Classification of GPCRs according to their effector function (according to Lodish)
MBG301 Class IV Classification of GPCRs according to their effector function (according to Lodish) 1. Adenylcyclase activation by GPCRs 2. Ion channel regulation by GPCRs 3. Phospholipase C (PLC) activation
More informationAsma Karameh BAHAA NAJJAR. Ebaa' Alzayadneh
26 Asma Karameh BAHAA NAJJAR Ebaa' Alzayadneh Generally speaking, all cells have been programmed during development to response to specific set of extracellular signals produced by other cells.these signals
More information*Today s lecture is from chapter 15 from a book called Stryer the doctor gave us the website:
*Today s lecture is from chapter 15 from a book called Stryer the doctor gave us the website: You can Google it (Pubmed) or www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/nbk21205/,the book also has lots of medical articles
More information- Biosignaling: Signal transduction. References: chapter 8 of Lippincots chapter 1 3 of Lehningers
Basic concepts of Metabolism Metabolism and metabolic pathway Metabolic Map Catabolism Anabolism - Regulation of Metabolism Signals from within the cell (Intracellular) Communication between cells. - Biosignaling:
More informationWhich DNA sequence is most likely to form a hairpin structure? x indicates any nucleotide.
Which DNA sequence is most likely to form a hairpin structure? x indicates any nucleotide. A. xxxgtcagtxxxxtatgcgxxx B. xxxtcgtatxxxxgtccgaxxx C. xxxcactgtxxxxgtactgxxx D. xxxgtcagtxxxxcctagaxxx E. xxxgtcatcxxxxgatgacxxx
More informationBCOR 011 Lecture 19 Oct 12, 2005 I. Cell Communication Signal Transduction Chapter 11
BCOR 011 Lecture 19 Oct 12, 2005 I. Cell Communication Signal Transduction Chapter 11 External signal is received and converted to another form to elicit a response 1 Lecture Outline 1. Types of intercellular
More informationCell Biology Lecture 9 Notes Basic Principles of cell signaling and GPCR system
Cell Biology Lecture 9 Notes Basic Principles of cell signaling and GPCR system Basic Elements of cell signaling: Signal or signaling molecule (ligand, first messenger) o Small molecules (epinephrine,
More informationLecture 2: Glycogen metabolism (Chapter 15)
Lecture 2: Glycogen metabolism (Chapter 15) First. Fig. 15.1 Review: Animals use glycogen for ENERGY STORAGE. Glycogen is a highly-branched polymer of glucose units: Basic structure is similar to that
More informationnumber Done by Corrected by Doctor Nayef Karadsheh
number 15 Done by BaraaAyed Corrected by Mamoon Alqtamin Doctor Nayef Karadsheh 1 P a g e Regulation of glycogen synthesis and degradation Regulation of glycogen synthesis and degradation involves two
More informationBIOLOGY. Cell Communication CAMPBELL. Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson. Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson 11 Cell Communication Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick Cellular Messaging Cells can signal to
More informationOrganization of lectures: Cell Signaling I: Sex, Drugs and Violence. Cell signaling is central to modern medicine. Forms of Cell Signaling
Cell Signaling I: Sex, Drugs and Violence Joe W. Ramos jramos@crch.hawaii.edu www.crch.org/profiles/jramos Organization of lectures: General Principles of signaling cascades Hormone Signaling Signaling
More informationMCB*4010 Midterm Exam / Winter 2008
MCB*4010 Midterm Exam / Winter 2008 Name: ID: Instructions: Answer all 4 questions. The number of marks for each question indicates how many points you need to provide. Write your answers in point form,
More informationCell Communication. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology. Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationPhysiology Unit 1 CELL SIGNALING: CHEMICAL MESSENGERS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS
Physiology Unit 1 CELL SIGNALING: CHEMICAL MESSENGERS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS In Physiology Today Cell Communication Homeostatic mechanisms maintain a normal balance of the body s internal environment
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationGeneral Principles of Endocrine Physiology
General Principles of Endocrine Physiology By Dr. Isabel S.S. Hwang Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong The major human endocrine glands Endocrine glands and hormones
More informationFinal Review Sessions. 3/16 (FRI) 126 Wellman (4-6 6 pm) 3/19 (MON) 1309 Surge 3 (4-6 6 pm) Office Hours
Final Review Sessions 3/16 (FRI) 126 Wellman (4-6 6 pm) 3/19 (MON) 1309 Surge 3 (4-6 6 pm) Office ours 3/14 (WED) 9:30 11:30 am (Rebecca) 3/16 (FRI) 9-11 am (Abel) Final ESSENTIALS Posted Lecture 20 ormonal
More informationChapter 11: Enzyme Catalysis
Chapter 11: Enzyme Catalysis Matching A) high B) deprotonated C) protonated D) least resistance E) motion F) rate-determining G) leaving group H) short peptides I) amino acid J) low K) coenzymes L) concerted
More informationSignal Transduction: Information Metabolism. Chem 454: Regulatory Mechanisms in Biochemistry University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire
Signal Transduction: Information Metabolism Chem 454: Regulatory Mechanisms in Biochemistry University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Introduction Information Metabolism How cells receive, process and respond
More informationMolecular Cell Biology - Problem Drill 19: Cell Signaling Pathways and Gene Expression
Molecular Cell Biology - Problem Drill 19: Cell Signaling Pathways and Gene Expression Question No. 1 of 10 1. Which statement about cell signaling is correct? Question #1 (A) Cell signaling involves receiving
More informationANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH. 6 - CELL COMMUNICATION.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: CELL-TO-CELL CONNECTIONS AND SIGNALING Gap and Tight Junctions: Adjacent cells communicate and hold on to each other via junctions. Two important kinds: Gap Junctions are
More informationThe Tissue Engineer s Toolkit
The Tissue Engineer s Toolkit Stimuli Detection and Response Ken Webb, Ph. D. Assistant Professor Dept. of Bioengineering Clemson University Environmental Stimulus-Cellular Response Environmental Stimuli
More information2013 W. H. Freeman and Company. 12 Signal Transduction
2013 W. H. Freeman and Company 12 Signal Transduction CHAPTER 12 Signal Transduction Key topics: General features of signal transduction Structure and function of G protein coupled receptors Structure
More informationBIOLOGY. Cell Communication CAMPBELL. Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson. Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson 11 Cell Communication Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick Cellular Messaging Cells can signal to
More informationLecture 34. Carbohydrate Metabolism 2. Glycogen. Key Concepts. Biochemistry and regulation of glycogen degradation
Lecture 34 Carbohydrate Metabolism 2 Glycogen Key Concepts Overview of Glycogen Metabolism Biochemistry and regulation of glycogen degradation Biochemistry and regulation of glycogen synthesis What mechanisms
More informationZaid sarhan. Osama Al-Ghafri ... Dr.nayef karadsheh
16 Zaid sarhan Osama Al-Ghafri... Dr.nayef karadsheh ALL THE FIGUERS IN THIS SHEET ARE VERY IMPORTANT AND USEFUL, PLEASE DON T SKIP THEM. Glycogen phosphorylase kinase = GPK // glycogen phosphorylase=gp
More informationStudent number. University of Guelph Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Structure and Function In Biochemistry
University of Guelph Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry 19356 Structure and Function In Biochemistry Midterm Test, March 3, 1998. Time allowed, 90 min. Answer questions 120 on the computer scoring
More informationnumber Done by Corrected by Doctor Nayef Karadsheh
number 11 Done by حسام أبو عوض Corrected by Moayyad Al-Shafei Doctor Nayef Karadsheh 1 P a g e General Regulatory Aspects in Metabolism: We can divide all pathways in metabolism to catabolicand anabolic.
More informationIntroduction! Introduction! Introduction! Chem Lecture 10 Signal Transduction & Sensory Systems Part 2
Chem 452 - Lecture 10 Signal Transduction & Sensory Systems Part 2 Questions of the Day: How does the hormone insulin trigger the uptake of glucose in the cells that it targets. Introduction! Signal transduction
More informationThe plasma membrane plays a key role in most cell signaling
CONCEPT 5.6 The plasma membrane plays a key role in most cell signaling In a multicellular organism, whether a human being or an oak tree, it is cell-to-cell communication that allows the trillions of
More informationChapter 11 Cell Communication Guided Reading. 3. How do intercellular connections function in cell to cell communication?
AP Biology TEXT: Biology, Campbell and Reece 7 th Edition Name Chapter 11 Cell Communication Guided Reading This chapter is often considered difficult as you have not covered it in an introductory biology
More informationDrug Receptor Interactions and Pharmacodynamics
Drug Receptor Interactions and Pharmacodynamics Dr. Raz Mohammed MSc Pharmacology School of Pharmacy 22.10.2017 Lec 6 Pharmacodynamics definition Pharmacodynamics describes the actions of a drug on the
More informationReceptors Functions and Signal Transduction- L4- L5
Receptors Functions and Signal Transduction- L4- L5 Faisal I. Mohammed, MD, PhD University of Jordan 1 PKC Phosphorylates many substrates, can activate kinase pathway, gene regulation PLC- signaling pathway
More informationPatrick, An Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry 4e Chapter 5 Receptors and signal transduction
atrick, An Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry 4e Answers to end-of-chapter questions 1) The diagram in the question shows two important hydrogen bonding interactions where AT acts both as a hydrogen bond
More informationReceptors Families. Assistant Prof. Dr. Najlaa Saadi PhD Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Philadelphia
Receptors Families Assistant Prof. Dr. Najlaa Saadi PhD Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Philadelphia Receptor Families 1. Ligand-gated ion channels 2. G protein coupled receptors 3. Enzyme-linked
More informationResp & Cell Comm Review
Resp & Cell Comm Review Two main catabolic processes: fermentation: partial degradation of sugars in the absence of oxygen. cellular respiration: uses oxygen to complete the breakdown of many organic molecules.
More informationRegulation of glycogen degradation
Paper : 04 Metabolism of carbohydrates Module : 26 Principal Investigator Paper Coordinator Content Reviewer Content Writer Dr.S.K.Khare,Professor IIT Delhi. Dr. Ramesh Kothari,Professor UGC-CAS Department
More informationAP Biology Cells: Chapters 4 & 5
AP Biology Cells: Chapters 4 & 5 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The was the first unifying principle of biology. a. spontaneous generation
More informationLeen Osama, Lujain Hamdan, Osama Mohd, Razi Kittaneh... Faisal Mohammad
23 Leen Osama, Lujain Hamdan, Osama Mohd, Razi Kittaneh... Faisal Mohammad Revision of previous lectures G-proteins coupled receptors mechanism: When a hormone binds to G-protein coupled receptor, GTP
More informationLECTURE PRESENTATIONS
LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Chapter 11 Cell Communication Lectures
More informationChapter 15 Homework Assignment
Chapter 15 Homework Assignment The following problems will be due once we finish the chapter: 3, 5, 6, 8, 9 Chapter 15 1 Regulation of Metabolic Pathways Dynamic Steady State Fuels, such as glucose, enter
More informationA Primer on G Protein Signaling. Elliott Ross UT-Southwestern Medical Center
A Primer on G Protein Signaling Elliott Ross UT-Southwestern Medical Center Receptor G Effector The MODULE Rhodopsins Adrenergics Muscarinics Serotonin, Dopamine Histamine, GABA b, Glutamate Eiscosanoids
More informationKEY CONCEPT QUESTIONS IN SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION
Signal Transduction - Part 2 Key Concepts - Receptor tyrosine kinases control cell metabolism and proliferation Growth factor signaling through Ras Mutated cell signaling genes in cancer cells are called
More informationAyman Mesleh & Leen Alnemrawi. Bayan Abusheikha. Faisal
24 Ayman Mesleh & Leen Alnemrawi Bayan Abusheikha Faisal We were talking last time about receptors for lipid soluble hormones.the general mechanism of receptors for lipid soluble hormones: 1. Receptors
More informationBIOLOGY. Cell Communication. Outline. Evolution of Signaling. Overview: Cellular Messaging. Local and Long-Distance Signaling
11 CAMBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Cell Communication Lecture resentation by Dr Burns NVC Biol 120 Outline I. Cell Signaling II. Forms of cell signaling III. Quick
More informationCell responses to environment-- Signals
Cell responses to environment-- Signals Signal transduction can coordinate: Development Formation of tissues Timing of cell division Direction of cell enlargement Size and shape of organs Responses to
More information