COMMON ASSESSMENT

Transcription

1 1. The diagram above is a model of a cellular process called transcription. What class of biological molecules is represented in the diagram? A. Carbohydrates B. Nucleic acids C. Proteins D. Lipids B.9.A.R 2. If a person is suffering from severe dehydration and does not have enough water in his or her cells, a physician might give the person an intravenous (IV) solution to rehydrate the cells. This solution is most likely- F. isotonic to the cells. G. hypotonic to the cells. H. hypertonic to the cells. J. hydrotonic to the cells. 3. When ATP is broken down to form ADP, energy and a phosphate group are- A. released. B. absorbed. C. created. D. destroyed. 1

2 The diagram below represents a process that occurs in organisms. 4. Which row in the chart indicates what 1 and 2 in the boxes could represent? F. A G. B H. C J. D B.9.D.R 5. Which of the following reactants is required for cellular respiration? A. Water and oxygen B. Glucose and oxygen C. Water and carbon dioxide D. Glucose and carbon dioxide 2

3 6. Which of the characteristics listed below best describes a carbohydrate? CHARACTERISTICS: I. inorganic II. supplies energy an structure III. component of plant cell walls IV. part of DNA V. made of nucleotides B.9.A R F. I III V G. I III IV H. II III IV J. II IV V 7. Cells often need to take in materials from their environment, many of which are found in lower concentrations outside the cell compared to inside the cell. In order to do this, cells must use the energy from ATP to move these materials- A. against the concentration gradient through active transport. B. with the concentration gradient through active transport. C. against the concentration gradient through passive transport. D. with the concentration gradient through passive transport. 8. Which of these correctly complements the molecule with one of its functions? F. Lipid stores genetic information G. Vitamin supplies energy to cells H. Protein speeds up chemical reactions J. Carbohydrate manufactures cell membranes 9. Eukaryotic cells import large molecules through the process of and secrete larger molecules by. A. endocytosis; exocytosis. B. pinocytosis; exocytosis. C. exocytosis; endocytosis. D. endocytosis; phagocytosis. 3

4 10. Carbohydrate molecules have which of the following structure F. G. H. J. c B.9.A R 11. Which of the following roles does an enzyme play when the body processes sucrose (a disaccharide, also known as table sugar) into glucose and fructose? A. An enzyme decreases the body s need for sucrose. B. An enzyme increases the amount of sucrose available. C. An enzyme increases the rate at which the sucrose breaks down. D. An enzyme decreases the amount of fructose and glucose product available. B.9.C S 4

5 An ecologist performed a study to determine how the rate of photosynthetic activity in a lake changed from month to month. The results of the study are shown in the graph below. 12. Which conclusion does the evidence best support? F. Photosynthetic organisms were dormant during the months of April through August. G. The rate of photosynthesis increased from June through December. H. The rate of photosynthesis was greatest during the months of May through July. J. Photosynthetic organisms experienced die-off during the months of January through June., B.2.G, B.2.H Use the diagram below to answer Question # Since oxygen gas is being released, it can be inferred that the plant is A. producing glucose B. making protein C. releasing energy from water D. conducting active transport B.9.B S, B.2.F, B.3.A 5

6 14. The selective permeability of a cell membrane is due to F. the hydrophobic core formed by the phospholipids tails. G. the hydrophilic end facing the cell exterior. H. the integral proteins of the membrane. J. the position of cholesterol in the membrane bilayer. 15. In the human digestive system, the enzyme trypsin acts on proteins. The optimal temperature for the enzyme is approximately 40 o C. Which of the following graphs best represents the activity of trypsin as it relates to the reaction temperature? B.9.C S 6

7 16. A particular enzyme catalyzes the reaction which converts compound A to compound X. Compound A enzyme Compound X A student has made the following statement: the optimal ph for this enzyme s activity is from ph 4-6. To test this statement, the student performed an experiment in which the reaction was carried out under different ph values. The amount of Compound X produced as a result of the reaction, was measured at each ph. Based on this data, which of the following choices represents the best conclusion? F. Accept the hypothesis that the optimal ph is 4-6 G. Reject the hypothesis that the optimal ph is 4-6 H. Accept the theory that the optimal ph is 4-6 J. Reject the theory that the optimal ph is 4-6 B.9.C S 17. Placing wilted lettuce in cold water will make it crisp again. Which statement best describes what happens to restore the lettuce to its original condition? A. Water left the lettuce cells by diffusion. B. Water entered the cells of the lettuce by osmosis. C. Osmosis caused salts to enter the lettuce cells. D. Salts in the leaf caused water to diffuse out of the cells. 7

8 18. Which of the following is not a principle of the endosymbiotic theory? F. Mitochondria evolved from aerobic bacteria that were engulfed by a larger prokaryotic cell. G. Chloroplasts evolved from endosymbiotic photosynthetic bacteria. H. Prokaryotic cells evolved from eukaryotic cells. J. The first eukaryotic cells evolved from a mutually beneficial relationship between two or more prokaryotic cells. B.7.G S The figures listed below show the reaction rate of a specific enzyme at different temperatures and different phs. 19. What can be concluded about the enzyme? A. The enzyme works best at a ph of 8 and a temperature of 27 o C. B. The enzyme only works at a ph of 8 and a temperature of 27 o C. C. The enzyme is used up at a ph of 11 and a temperature of 35 o C. D. The enzyme works better at a ph of 8 than a temperature of 27 o C B.9.C S 8

9 Use the diagrams below to answer the following Question # One notable difference between bacterial cells and plant cells is that bacterial cells have F. Cellulose in the cell wall. G. Flagella or pili. H. A nuclear membrane. J. A large vacuole. B.4.A S 21. The membranous compartmentalization of a cell A. allows different metabolic processes to occur simultaneously. B. divides the cell into two equal-sized halves. C. requires the presence of a cell wall. D. is common in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. B.4.A S 9

10 Use the diagram below to answer the following Question # Which statement does the diagram best support? F. The mitochondrion uses the sun s energy directly. G. The reactants of photosynthesis provide ATP for cellular respiration. H. The main source of energy for photosynthesis is carbohydrates. J. Carbohydrates are converted into ATP by the mitochondrion., B.3.B PS 23. Which of the following are the building blocks of the protein catalase? A. Vitamins B. Amino acids C. Nucleic acids D. Monosaccharides B.9.D R 10

11 24. The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that F. prokaryotic cells are always much larger. G. prokaryotic cells do not have a cell membrane. H. eukaryotic cells have a smaller cell nucleus. J. eukaryotic cells have a more advanced cellular organization. B.4.A S 25. Scientists have found geysers on one of Saturn s moons. The geysers release water vapor containing complex organic compounds, which may indicate the presence of life. Which of the following elements is most likely abundant in the organic compounds in the water vapor? A. carbon B. chlorine C. iron D. zinc B.7.G S 11

12 Answer Key Question Answer SE 1 B 9A RS 2 G 4B RS 3 A 4B RS 4 H 9D SS 5 B 4B RS 6 H 9A RS 7 A 4B RS 8 H 4B RS 9 A 4B RS 10 J 9A RS 11 C 9C SS 12 H 4B RS, 2G, 2H PS 13 A 9B SS, 2F, 3A PS 14 F 4B RS 15 D 9C SS 16 G 9C SS 17 B 4B RS 18 H 7G SS 19 A 9C SS 20 G 4A SS 21 A 4A SS 22 J 4B RS 23 B 9D SS 24 J 4A SS 25 A 7G SS 12