PROCESS OILS FOR RUBBER ITS SELECTION CRITERIA

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Darleen Anderson
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1 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT INFORMATION VOLUM E 1 I SSUE 9 JANUARY 2012 PROCESS OILS FOR RUBBER ITS SELECTION CRITERIA Process oils plays the biggest Quantitative role in designing the Rubber compounds. The influence of the process oils are: Improvement in the flow of the rubber compounds & energy savings during the processing of rubber especially reduced energy peaks during processing. Improved filler dispersion in the rubber compound. Improvement in processing & tackiness of the rubber compound. Also helps in lowering the Tg of the rubber compound, elevating electrical conductivity, increasing the flame protection. PROCESS OIL IS GENERALLY CLASSIFIED AS Mineral Oils Natural Products Synthetic Plasticisers Further it is classified based on the group Mineral oil plasticizers Mineral oils: paraffinic, relatively naphthenic, naphthenic, relatively aromatic, aromatic, highly aromatic, extremely aromatic Paraffines and ceresin Coumarone and indene resins Petroleum distillation residues Fatty acids, fatty acid derivatives, process aids Fatty acids Metallic soaps Fatty acids esters and fatty alcohols Pentaerythritol tetrastearate Emulsion plasticizers Polyethyleneglycol fatty alcohol ethers Animal and vegetable fats, Oil and resins Raw wool fat (Landin) Fat emulsions Vegetable oils (palmoil, soybean oil) Resins (pine tars) 1 of 6

{ PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT INFORMATION VOLUM E 1 I SSUE 9 JANUARY 2012 Synthetic plasticizers Ether plasticizers Dibenzylether Polyether and polyether-thioethers Thioether-esters Ester plasticizers

constant (VDK), using the formula o VDK = {1196 Aniline point(in F)}/1170 VDK number allows an estimate of the properties of the mineral oil.

2 { PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT INFORMATION VOLUM E 1 I SSUE 9 JANUARY 2012 Synthetic plasticizers Ether plasticizers Dibenzylether Polyether and polyether-thioethers Thioether-esters Ester plasticizers Phthalic acid esters Adipic acid and sebacic acid esters Trimalleates Phosphoric acid esters { The In Mineral oils, a further classification is based on the determination of the viscosity-density constant (VDK), using the formula o VDK = {1196 Aniline point(in F)}/1170 VDK number allows an estimate of the properties of the mineral oil. RELATION BETWEEN VDK & COMPOSITION OF MINERAL OILS TYPE OF MINERAL OIL RANGE OF VDK PARAFFINIC RELATIVELY NAPHTHENIC NAPHTHENIC RELATIVELY AROMATIC AROMATIC HIGHLY AROMATIC EXTREMELY AROMATIC Ø CORRELATION BETWEEN REFRACTION INTERCEPT (RI) & COMPOSITION OF MINERAL OILS TYPE OF MINERAL OIL RI RANGE PARAFFINIC < NAPHTHENIC AROMATIC HIGHLY AROMATIC Ø In the diagram, by knowing VDK & RI an accurate determination of the composition of the mineral oil is possible by carbon-distribution analysis. For example if RI = 1.05 & VDK = 0.90, then from the below diagram, this oil will have 35% paraffinic, 40% naphthenic & 25% aromatic components. 2 of 6

3 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT INFORMATION VOLUM E 1 I SSUE 9 JANUARY 2012 THE SELECTION GUIDE FOR PARAFFINIC, NAPHTHENIC & AROMATIC OIL IS AS FOLLOWS Test Description Test Method (ASTM) RAJPROL P Paraffinic Process Oils Specification Limits P1 P40 P60 P80 P100 P M P500 Appearance Visual Bright & Clear Colour D Max 0.5 Max 2 Max 1 Max 1 Max 5.5 Max 4 Max 5.5 Max C, g/ml D Typical Properties Kin C, cst D Aniline Point C D >100 > >100 >120 Flash Point 0 C, min D Pour Point, 0 C, max D VGC (Typ) D Volatility, 1 150C, % D 972 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 Sulphur %, Max D 129 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 Carbon Type Analysis, % C P IR method >50 >50 > C N IS C A Nil Nil Nil Typical Properties RAJPROL Aromatic and Naphthenic type Process Oils Test Description Test Method Specification Limits Aromatic Type Naphthenic Type (ASTM) A1L A1 A1H A1G N1 N2 Appearance Visual Green Viscous Liquid Bright & Clear Colour D Max 3 Max 15.6 C, g/ml D Kin C, cst D Kin. 100 C, cst D Aniline Point C D Flash Point C, min D Pour Point, C, max D VGC (Typ) D Volatility, 5 175C, % < 1 < 1 Sulphur %, Max D < 1 < 1 Clay Gel Analysis, % Polar Compounds ASTM D Aromatics Saturates Carbon Type Analysis, % C IR method P % 45 50% IS C N % 30 35% C A % 20 25% Above data is indicative of recent average Values only. Minor variations, which do not affect product performance or quality, may be expected in manufacture. Specific requirements (e.g. Custom viscosities) are custom. made on request 3 of 6

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5 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT INFORMATION VOLUM E 1 I SSUE 9 JANUARY 2012 LOW PCA OILS Special Grade Process Oils: Produced blending of judiciously selected base stocks resulting in oils of specific characteristics. These series of oils are guaranteed to meet the European Union Directive 2005/69/EC of 76/769/EEC, for PAH content and IP346 requirements for PCA content. Some of Special grade oils are formulated to offer replacements for certain Aromatic. Typical Properties Test Description Test Method (ASTM) RAJPROL Special Grades Specification Limits P1/E 460 P/E N2/E P 1500/E2 P3500/E P3700/E Appearance Visual Bright & Clear Dark Liquid Colour D Max 4 Max 1 Max 4.5 Max > 8.0 > C, g/ml D (T) 0.938(T) Kin C, cst D Kin C, cst D Aniline Point C D 611 >101 > (Typ) Flash Point 0 C, min D Pour Point, 0 C, max D VGC (Typ) D Volatility, C, % < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 Sulphur %, Max D 129 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 Carbon Type Analysis, % IR method C P IS % 65 70% 45 50% 42 58% 45 50% 40 47% C N 25 30% 20 28% 12 25% 25 40% 10 20% 30 40% C A 13 18% 6 9% 25 40% 15 20% 35 45% 15 25% PCA / DMSO extractible % IP346 < 3 < 3 < 3 < 3 < 3 < 3 Sum of 8 listed PAH, EU, ppm EU 76/769/EEC < 10 < 10 < 10 < 10 < 10 < 10 Above data is indicative of recent average Values only. Minor variations, which do not affect product performance or quality, may be expected in manufacture. Specific requirements (e.g. Custom viscosities) are custom made on request 5 of 6

6 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT INFORMATION VOLUM E 1 I SSUE 9 JANUARY 2012 TABULATION FOR PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT PLASTICISERS PROPERTIES OF PLASTICIZERS, SOFTENERS PROCESSING AIDS PROPERTIES PETROLEUM PRODUCTS PROPERTIES UNSATURATED MINERAL OILS UNSATURATED ASPHALT ASPHALTS OTHERS VEGETABLE OILS PROPERTIES GELLED OILS (SULFONATED) SOLID SOYA TALL OIL SOYA POLYESTER COAL TAR PRODUCTS PROPERTIES COAL-TAR PITCH SOFT CUMARS-TRAS SOFT-COAL TAR CUMAR RESINS PINE PRODUCTS PROPERTIES IMPROVED TUBING BETTER TACK INCREASED PLASTICITY LOW MODULUS INCREASED TENSILE IMPROVED ELONGATION SOFTER CURED STOCKS HARDER CURED STOCKS HIGHER REBOUND BETTER TEAR LOW HYSTERESIS HIGH HYSTERESIS IMPROVED FLEX LIFE IMPROVED DISPERSION IMPROVED PROCESSING MOULD LUBRICANT FLAME RETARDANT CRUDE GUM TURPENTINE ROSIN OIL ROSIN PINE TAR DIPENTENE CERTAIN ROSINS ROSIN ESTER ESTERS PROPERTIES DICAPRYL PHTHALATE BUTYL CUMINATE DIBUTYL PHTHALATE BUTYL LACTATE GLYCEROL CHLOROBENZOATE CHLORODIBUTYL CARBONATE METHYL RICINOLEATE BUTYL OLEATE DIBUTYL SEBACATE DIOCTYL PHTHALATE METHYL OLEATE TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE Please Note: All the grades of oil shown here is manufactured by M/s.RAJ PETRO SPECIALITIES PVT. LTD., CHENNAI. Ram Charan Company "Century Towers", 46, Barnaby Road, Kilpauk, Chennai Tel : / 41 / 42 Fax : all@ramcharan.org 6 of 6 Mumbai mumbai@ramcharan.org Kolkatta calcutta@ramcharan.org Hyderabad hyd@ramcharan.org Chennai chennai@ramcharan.org Hosur hosur@ramcharan.org Madurai madurai@ramcharan.org Cochin cochin@ramcharan.org Bangalore bangalore@ramcharan.org

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Item number Item number Item number Tall Oil products product Distilled Tall Oil (DTO) Product name UCY10 UCY15 UCY20 UCY20-25 UCY25-30 UCY30-40 Item number 10-004 10-011 10-012 10-009 10-005 10-013 Page 3 4 5 6 7 8 Item number 10-006 10-007