Cells. Cells are the best!
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1 Cells Cells are the best!
2 All living things are made of cells
3 Some life forms are just one teeny, tiny cell
4 We are made of trillions of cells! (1,000,000,000,000 = 1 trillion) Cells are really, really small
5 Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Body
6 Two Main Types of Cells Prokaryotic No nucleus or membranebound organelles Ex: bacterial cells Eukaryotic DNA is found in a nucleus Has specialized organelles Ex: plant cells, animal cells
7 Parts of the cell
8 Cell Wall
9 Cell Wall Functions: Provides structural support Protects cell Other notes: Found in plant cells, fungi, and bacteria (not animal cells)
10 Cell Membrane (Also called Plasma Membrane) Gate keeper of cell
11 Cell Membrane Functions: Barrier between inside of cell and outer environment Allows only certain molecules through
12 Cell Membrane Other notes: Made of two layers of Phospholipids and Proteins that move freely around each other
13 Cell Membrane (Also called Plasma Membrane)
14 Cell wall and cell membrane
15 Cytoplasm/cytosol
16 Cytoplasm/cytosol Function of cytosol: Cytosol = Semi-fluid jelly that organelles float in and move through Other notes: Cytosol is located in Cytoplasm (Area between cell membrane and nucleus / DNA)
17 Chloroplasts
18 Chloroplast Function: Site of photosynthesis Turns light, CO 2 and water into sugar and O 2 Other notes: Contains Green chlorophyll pigment
19 Chloroplast
20 Chloroplasts in a real plant cell
21 Vacuole Chloroplasts
22 Nucleus Control center of cell
23 Nucleus Function: Stores /protects DNA Controls cellular activities Other notes: Only found in Eukaryotic cells (both plant and animal)
24 Nucleus in real plant cell
25 Nucleus in real animal cells (cheek cells)
26 Nucleolus
27 Nucleolus Function: Makes ribosomes Other notes: Found inside nucleus (dark ball)
28 Nucleolus
29 Mitochondria Powerhouse of cell
30 Mitochondria Function: Site of respiration = process where energy in sugar molecules is converted to ATP ENERGY FOR THE CELL! Other notes: Has double membrane and own DNA
31 Mitochondria
32 Ribosomes Protein factories
33 Ribosomes Function: Makes proteins (using instructions from DNA) Other notes: May be attached to endoplasmic reticulum (Rough ER) or found free in cytoplasm
34 Ribosomes
35 Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Two types: rough and smooth
36 Rough ER Function: Modifies and packages newly formed proteins Sends them in little bubbles to Golgi body Other notes: Called rough because it is covered with ribosomes Attached to nucleus looks like a maze
37 Endoplasmic Reticulum
38 Smooth ER Functions: Assembles lipid (fat) molecules Sends lipids in little bubbles to Golgi body Inactivates some drugs in liver cells Other notes: Called smooth because it s not covered in ribososmes
39 Endoplasmic Reticulum
40 Golgi Apparatus (Also called Golgi complex, Golgi body)
41 Golgi Apparatus Function: Tags and ships proteins to final destination inside or outside cell Other notes: Sometimes called the post office of the cell Looks like stack of pancakes
42 Protein packaging and shipping Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi apparatus
43 Golgi Apparatus Lava lamp (short) Protein packaging Good video of exocitosis
44 Vacuole
45 Vacuole Function: Stores water, ions, sugars, amino acids, crystals, pigments, toxins Other notes: Large central vacuole only found in plant cells
46 Vacuole
47 Vacuole Chloroplasts
48 Lysosomes
49 Lysosomes Function: Digests things inside cell (food, invading bacteria/virus, cells/broken cell parts) Other notes: Small sac filled with enzymes
50 Lysosomes
51 Cytoskeleton (microtubules and microfilaments)
52 Cytoskeleton (microtubules and microfilaments) Function: Gives cells shape Highway for organelle movement inside cell Other notes: Similar to a skeleton
53 Cytoskeleton
54 Cytoskeleton
55 Cilia
56 Flagella
57 Review of Cells 5NEXC8
58 Real cells!
59 Real cells: plant cell
60 Real cells: breast cancer cell
61 Real cells: amoeba
62 Real cells: nerve cell
63 Real cells: human blood cells
64 Real cells: macrophage (immune cell)
65 Real cells: paramecium
66 Real cells: sperm / egg
67 Real cells: muscle
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