It is recommended to use titanium coils. ph meter to control ph of the process. It is advised to use an automatic dosage for the maintenance products.

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1 CRODA III Decorative Trivalent Chrome Process CRODA III is a hexavalent free chrome process, allowing to obtain slightly blue and bright deposits, optimal for decorative applications. ADVANTAGES Depuration cost reduction Low metal concentration in the working solution Excellent throwing power Free from hexavalent chrome harmful effects High cathode efficiency EQUIPMENT TANK: ANODES: HEATING: ph: AGITATION: AUTOMATIC DOSAGE: FILTRATION: PVC lined or polypropylene tanks Specific inert anodes for this process. Consult our technical department. Anodes should be handled with care to prevent any chipping or cracking of the coating. These anodes should not be operated at anode current densities greater than 7 A/dm². It is recommended to use titanium coils. ph meter to control ph of the process Mechanical or air It is advised to use an automatic dosage for the maintenance products. A continuous filtration is recommended. Occasionally use carbon filters to eliminate organic pollution from nickel plating stage. H. Donsbach Rev /7

2 TANK PREPARATION Tanks to contain the new bath should be thoroughly cleaned. It is advised to fill up the tank with the necessary amount of deionised water plus 10 ml/l sulphuric acid. Acid should be added to the water, which should be cold, slowly and with constant agitation. The solution once acidified will be heated up to 65 C for at least 8 hours, then the solution will be taken out. If the tank has contained hexavalent chrome, consult our technical department to eliminate it. MAKE-UP Initial make-up is done with 4 products with the concentrations below stated: CRODA III CONDUCTIVITY SALT CRODA III REPLENISHER 1 CRODA III MAKE UP CRODA III WETTING AGENT 280 g/l 200 ml/l 10 ml/l 1 ml/l SOLUTION PREPARATION Fill up the working tank with 2/3 of the deionised water. Heat the water up to C and add the necessary amount of CRODA III CONDUCTIVITY SALT. Stir to dissolve salts. Adjust ph to 2 by means of sulphuric acid conc. additions and add the necessary amount of CRODA III REPLENISHER 1. Make up to final volume with deionised water, homogenize the bath. Condition the bath, keeping working temperature for at least 12 hours, then adjust ph to 3.5. If it is necessary to rise ph, add sodium hydroxide 25 % slowly and with agitation, never allow ph to rise above 4 because it could reduce efficiency. Add the necessary amount of CRODA III MAKE UP and CRODA III WETTING AGENT to the working bath. H. Donsbach Rev /7

3 BATH ACTIVATION Electrolyse the bath with nickel plated steel cathodes until having passed 2 Ah/l. ph should be strictly controlled. A ph decrease is usual which will be corrected by adding carefully sodium hydroxide 25 % stirring vigorously. WORKING CONDITIONS Total chrome Conductivity salt 8 15 g/l g/l Temperature C ph Current density Voltage Time 4 6 A/dm² 12 Volts 3 10 min Density at 25 C Agitation Anode Advisable (strong) Inert, specific for this process Surface anode : cathode 1 : 1 WORKING CYCLE Nickel ALLBRITE Rinse Rinse Trivalent chrome CRODA III Neutralizing (optional) Rinse Drying H. Donsbach Rev /7

4 MAINTENANCE Regular maintenance additions are required: CRODA III REPLENISHER 1 Consumption: 800 ml/kah This product contains the trivalent chrome. The actual addition rate should be adjusted according to analysis results (refer to the chrome analysis method included in this data sheet). CRODA III REPLENISHER 2 Consumption: 400 ml/kah. It is dosed automatically, therefore it does not need any analysis. CRODA III REPLENISHER 3 Added according to KUNZ recommendations. CRODA III MAKE UP Added according to KUNZ recommendations. CRODA III WETTING AGENT Added according to KUNZ recommendations. Usually additions of ml/l to adjust bath will be necessary when surface tension will rise above 40 mn/m. CRODA III CONDUCTIVITY SALT Conductivity salt losses are produced by drag out. The additions specified by KUNZ should be done. TROUBLE SHOOTING Nickel contamination to the chrome tank should be avoided because such contaminations produce a blackening of the deposit and efficiency lost. Nickel can be eliminated using CRODA III PURIFIER L. Iron contamination does not produce any serious problem in this process, nevertheless it can be eliminated using the same method as described for nickel contaminations. Purification system for metallic contamination Determine the content of metallic contamination (Fe, Ni) through A.A.S. If it is Zamack, determine also Cu and Zn. H. Donsbach Rev /7

5 Determine the CRODA III PURIFIER L amount to be added using the below specified calculation: mg/l contaminant = mg/l Ni + mg/l Fe + mg/l Cu + mg/l Zn g/l CRODA III PURIFIER L = x mg/l metallic contamination Procedure CRODA III PURIFIER L is added to the CRODA III solution in the working tank while shutdown periods. Stop production Temperature at C Stir Add CRODA III PURIFIER L Adjust ph After 1 hour restart working The precipitate can be eliminated through filtration. The initially set up precipitate is very fine and impossible to eliminate through filtration, nevertheless as the bath is ageing, it becomes easier to filtrate. Filtration can be continuous or intermittent. CHROME ANALYSIS MATERIAL: 1 l graduated flask 50 ml graduated pipette 250 ml Erlenmeyer 100 ml test tube Analytical balance Glass rod Heater 10 ml graduated pipette 25 ml burette H. Donsbach Rev /7

6 REAGENTS: Sodium peroxide Hydrochloric acid Ammonium bifluoride Potassium iodide Sodium thiosulfate 0.1 N Starch indicator PROCEDURE: Take 50 ml of the bath to a final volume of 1 l. Take 10 ml of the below specified solution to an Erlenmeyer. Add 100 ml of distilled water and 1 g of sodium peroxide. Boil for minutes. Introduce the glass rod to facilitate an homogenous boiling. Let it cool down at room temperature and dilute 100 ml/l with distilled water Add 30 ml of HCl and 10 ml KI (10 %) Titrate with sodium thiosulfate 0.1 N, using starch as indicator. CALCULATION: A x 3.47 = Y g/l chrome Where A = ml consumed of sodium thiosulfate 0.1 N Y = g/l chrome in the bath CORRECTION: CRODA III REPLENISHER 20 ml/l increases 1 g/l chrome in the bath. H. Donsbach Rev /7

7 PRODUCTS CRODA III COMPLEX: CRODA III CONDUCTIVITY SALT CRODA III MAKE UP CRODA PURIFIER L CRODA III REPLENISHER 1 CRODA III REPLENISHER 2 CRODA III REPLENISHER 3 CRODA III WETTING AGENT SAFETY PRECAUTIONS See Material Safety Data Sheets. GUARANTEE Above instructions and recommendations are the result of intensive testing and shop experiences. They are for your information, only. Our guarantee extends to the continuous quality of our products as they leave our factory and not to their usage in the field, which is a factor beyond the control of a supplier. H. Donsbach Rev /7

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