Chapter 3. Table of Contents. Section 1 Carbon Compounds. Section 2 Molecules of Life. Biochemistry
|
|
|
- Emerald Crawford
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Biochemistry Table of Contents Section 1 Carbon Compounds Section 2 Molecules of Life
2 Section 1 Carbon Compounds Objectives Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds. Explain the importance of carbon bonding in biological molecules. Identify functional groups in biological molecules. Summarize how large carbon molecules are synthesized and broken down. Describe how the breaking down of ATP supplies energy to drive chemical reactions.
3 Section 1 Carbon Compounds Carbon Bonding Organic compounds contain carbon atoms and are found in living things. Most inorganic compounds do not contain carbon atoms.
4 Section 1 Carbon Compounds Carbon Bonding, continued Carbon atoms can readily form four covalent bonds with other atoms including other carbon atoms. The carbon bonds allow the carbon atoms to form a wide variety of simple and complex organic compounds.
5 Section 1 Carbon Compounds Carbon Bonding
6 Section 1 Carbon Compounds Functional Groups Functional groups are groups of atoms that influence the properties of molecules and the chemical reactions in which the molecules participate.
7 Section 1 Carbon Compounds Large Carbon Molecules Condensation reactions join monomers (small simple molecules) to form polymers. A condensation reaction releases water as a by-product. In a hydrolysis reaction, water is used to split polymers into monomers.
8 Section 1 Carbon Compounds Energy Currency Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stores and releases energy during cell processes, enabling organisms to function.
9 Section 1 Carbon Compounds Comparing ADP and ATP
10 Section 2 Molecules of Life Objectives Distinguish between monosaccharides, disaccharides,and polysaccharides. Explain the relationship between amino acids and protein structure. Describe the induced fit model of enzyme action. Compare the structure and function of each of the different types of lipids. Compare the nucleic acids DNA and RNA.
11 Section 2 Molecules of Life Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of about one carbon to two hydrogen atoms to one oxygen atom. Carbohydrates are a source of energy and are used as structural materials in organisms.
12 Section 2 Molecules of Life Carbohydrates
13 Section 2 Molecules of Life Carbohydrates, continued Monosaccharides Carbohydrates are made up of monomers called monosaccharides.
14 Section 2 Molecules of Life Carbohydrates, continued Disaccharides and Polysaccharides Two monosaccharides join to form a double sugar called a disaccharide. A complex sugar, or polysaccharide, is made of three or more monosaccharides.
15 Section 2 Molecules of Life Disaccharides
16 Section 2 Molecules of Life Proteins Proteins are organic compounds composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Proteins have many functions including structural, defensive, and catalytic roles.
17 Section 2 Molecules of Life Proteins, continued Amino Acids Proteins are made up of monomers called amino acids. The sequence of amino acids determines a protein s shape and function.
18 Section 2 Molecules of Life Amino Acid
19 Section 2 Molecules of Life Proteins, continued Dipeptides and Polypeptides Two amino acids are joined by peptide bonds to form a dipeptide. A long chain of amino acids is called a polypeptide.
20 Section 2 Molecules of Life Structure of Proteins
21 Section 2 Molecules of Life Proteins, continued Enzymes Enzymes speed up chemical reactions and bind to specific substrates. The binding of a substrate with an enzyme causes a change in the enzyme s shape and reduces the activation energy of the reaction.
22 Section 2 Molecules of Life Enzyme Activity
23 Section 2 Molecules of Life Lipids Lipids are nonpolar molecules that store energy and are an important part of cell membranes.
24 Section 2 Molecules of Life Fats
25 Section 2 Molecules of Life Lipids, continued Fatty Acids Most lipids contain fatty acids, unbranched carbon molecules that have a hydrophilic end and a hydrophobic end.
26 Section 2 Molecules of Life Fatty Acids
27 Section 2 Molecules of Life Lipids, continued Triglycerides Triglycerides consist of three fatty acids and one molecule of glycerol.
28 Section 2 Molecules of Life Lipids, continued Phospholipids Phospholipids, which make up cell membranes, consist of two fatty acids and one glycerol molecule.
29 Section 2 Molecules of Life Lipids, continued Waxes A wax is made of one long fatty acid chain joined to one long alcohol. Steroids A steroid is composed of four fused carbon rings.
30 Section 2 Molecules of Life Nucleic Acids A nucleic acid is a large and complex organic molecule that stores and transports information.
31 Section 2 Molecules of Life Structure of Nucleic Acids
32 Section 2 Molecules of Life Nucleic Acids
33 Section 2 Molecules of Life Nucleic Acids, continued The nucleic acid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) contains genetic information for cell activities. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules play many key roles in building of proteins and can act as enzymes.
34 Section 2 Molecules of Life DNA Overview
35 Section 2 Molecules of Life Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
36 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice 1. Which of the following is not a function of polysaccharides? A. energy source B. energy storage C. structural support D. storage of genetic information
37 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice, continued 1. Which of the following is not a function of polysaccharides? A. energy source B. energy storage C. structural support D. storage of genetic information
38 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice, continued 2. Which of the following statements is false? F. A wax is a lipid. G. Starch is a lipid. H. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature. J. Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature.
39 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice, continued 2. Which of the following statements is false? F. A wax is a lipid. G. Starch is a lipid. H. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature. J. Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature.
40 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice, continued 3. Which of the following molecules stores hereditary information? A. ATP B. DNA C. protein D. carbohydrates
41 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice, continued 3. Which of the following molecules stores hereditary information? A. ATP B. DNA C. protein D. carbohydrates
42 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice, continued 4. What is the name of the molecule in plants that stores sugars? F. starch G. protein H. cellulose J. glycogen
43 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice, continued 4. What is the name of the molecule in plants that stores sugars? F. starch G. protein H. cellulose J. glycogen
44 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice, continued The figure below illustrates the basic structure of a cell membrane. Use the figure to answer the questions that follow. 5. Which of the following molecules make up the basic structure of a cell membrane? A. waxes B. steroids C. fatty acids D. phospholipids
45 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice, continued The figure below illustrates the basic structure of a cell membrane. Use the figure to answer the questions that follow. 5. Which of the following molecules make up the basic structure of a cell membrane? A. waxes B. steroids C. fatty acids D. phospholipids
46 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice, continued The figure below illustrates the basic structure of a cell membrane. Use the figure to answer the questions that follow. 6. The tails of the molecules in the figure orient away from water. Which of the following describes the tail s movement away from water? F. polar G. adhesive H. hydrophilic J. hydrophobic
47 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice, continued The figure below illustrates the basic structure of a cell membrane. Use the figure to answer the questions that follow. 6. The tails of the molecules in the figure orient away from water. Which of the following describes the tail s movement away from water? F. polar G. adhesive H. hydrophilic J. hydrophobic
48 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice, continued 7. simple sugars : carbohydrates :: amino acids : A. lipids B. proteins C. nucleic acids D. amino acids
49 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice, continued 7. simple sugars : carbohydrates :: amino acids : A. lipids B. proteins C. nucleic acids D. amino acids
50 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice, continued The figure below represents the structural formula of a molecule. Use the figure to answer the question that follows. 8. What is the name of the functional group circled in the structural formula? F. amino G. hydroxyl H. phosphate J. carboxyl
51 Standardized Test Prep Multiple Choice, continued The figure below represents the structural formula of a molecule. Use the figure to answer the question that follows. 8. What is the name of the functional group circled in the structural formula? F. amino G. hydroxyl H. phosphate J. carboxyl
52 Standardized Test Prep Short Response Proteins are affected by environmental conditions such as heat and ph. Explain why the process of cooking an egg cannot be reversed.
53 Standardized Test Prep Short Response, continued Proteins are affected by environmental conditions such as heat and ph. Explain why the process of cooking an egg cannot be reversed. Answer: The heat that is added to the egg changes the bonds in the proteins and other molecules that make up the egg to such a large extent that the original protein shape can no longer be distinguished.
54 Standardized Test Prep Extended Response Enzymes are essential for the functioning of all cells. Part A Explain what enzymes do that is essential for cell function. Part B Explain the induced fit model of enzyme action.
55 Standardized Test Prep Extended Response, continued Answer: Part A Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions that are involved in important cell processes. Part B Bonding of the substrates to enzymes causes a slight change in the enzyme s shape, thereby weakening some of the bonds and lowering activation energy.
56 Section 1 Carbon Compounds Energy Currency
Objectives. Carbon Bonding. Carbon Bonding, continued. Carbon Bonding
Biochemistry Table of Contents Objectives Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds. Explain the importance of carbon bonding in biological molecules. Identify functional groups in biological
Chapter Three (Biochemistry)
Chapter Three (Biochemistry) 1 SECTION ONE: CARBON COMPOUNDS CARBON BONDING All compounds can be classified in two broad categories: organic compounds and inorganic compounds. Organic compounds are made
BIOCHEMISTRY. How Are Macromolecules Formed? Dehydration Synthesis or condensation reaction Polymers formed by combining monomers and removing water.
BIOCHEMISTRY Organic compounds Compounds that contain carbon are called organic. Inorganic compounds do not contain carbon. Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent bonds with as
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids Is it made of carbohydrates? Organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. A carbohydrate with 6 carbon atoms would have
All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds:
Organic Chemistry All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds: Do not contain carbon Organic compounds
Macromolecules. The four groups of biomolecules or macromolecules found in living things which are essential to life are: 1. PROTEINS 1.
Macromolecules The four groups of biomolecules or macromolecules found in living things which are essential to life are: 1. PROTEINS 1. CARBOHYDRATES 1. LIPIDS 1. NUCLEIC ACIDS Carbon Compounds All compounds
CHAPTER 2- BIOCHEMISTRY I. WATER (VERY IMPORTANT TO LIVING ORGANISMS) A. POLAR COMPOUND- 10/4/ H O KENNEDY BIOLOGY 1AB
CHAPTER 2- BIOCHEMISTRY KENNEDY BIOLOGY 1AB I. WATER (VERY IMPORTANT TO LIVING ORGANISMS) WATER S UNIQUE PROPERTIES MAKE IT ESSENTIAL FOR ALL LIFE FUNCTIONS IT IS POLAR, AND HAS BOTH ADHESIVE AND COHESIVE
The Structure and Function of Biomolecules
The Structure and Function of Biomolecules The student is expected to: 9A compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic
Biochemistry. 2. Besides carbon, name 3 other elements that make up most organic compounds.
Biochemistry Carbon compounds Section 3-1 1. What is an organic compound? 2. Besides carbon, name 3 other elements that make up most organic compounds. 3. Carbon dioxide, CO 2, is NOT an organic compound.
Carbon. Isomers. The Chemical Building Blocks of Life
The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Carbon Chapter 3 Framework of biological molecules consists primarily of carbon bonded to Carbon O, N, S, P or H Can form up to 4 covalent bonds Hydrocarbons molecule
Lesson 2. Biological Molecules. Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1
Lesson 2 Biological Molecules Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1 Carbon in Biological Molecules Organic molecules contain carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) Example: glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) Inorganic
Lesson Overview. Carbon Compounds. Lesson Overview. 2.3 Carbon Compounds
Lesson Overview 2.3 The Chemistry of Carbon What elements does carbon bond with to make up life s molecules? Carbon can bond with many elements, including Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Nitrogen
Biology. Slide 1 of 37. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Biology 1 of 37 2 of 37 The Chemistry of Carbon The Chemistry of Carbon Organic chemistry is the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. 3 of 37 Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules
CARBOHYDRATES. Produce energy for living things Atoms? Monomer Examples? Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in 1:2:1 ratio.
CARBOHYDRATES Produce energy for living things Atoms? Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in 1:2:1 ratio Monomer Examples? Sugars, starches MONOSACCHARIDES--- main source of energy for cells Glucose Know formula?
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life Part 2
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life Part 2 Carbohydrates are Polymers of Monosaccharides Three different ways to represent a monosaccharide Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are sugars and starches and provide
Biochemistry Worksheet
Biology 138 Name Section 3.1 Properties of Water Biochemistry Worksheet 1. Why is water such an important molecule to living things? 2. Describe the chemical make up and type of bonding found in water
The. Crash Course. Basically, almost all living things are made up of these 4 Elements: - Carbon (C) - Nitrogen (N) - Hydrogen (H) - Oxygen (O)
The Biochemistry Crash Course Basically, almost all living things are made up of these 4 Elements: - Carbon (C) - Nitrogen (N) - Hydrogen (H) - Oxygen (O) This exercise is designed to familiarize you with
The Chemical Building Blocks of Life. Chapter 3
The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Chapter 3 Biological Molecules Biological molecules consist primarily of -carbon bonded to carbon, or -carbon bonded to other molecules. Carbon can form up to 4 covalent
Biological Molecules. Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids
Biological Molecules Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids Organic Molecules Always contain Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H) Carbon is missing four electrons Capable of forming 4 covalent bonds
Elements & Macromolecules in Organisms
Name: Period: Date: Elements & Macromolecules in Organisms Most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body weight.
Biological Molecules
The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Chapter 3 Biological molecules consist primarily of -carbon bonded to carbon, or -carbon bonded to other molecules. Carbon can form up to 4 covalent bonds. Carbon may
Carbon Compounds. Lesson Overview. Lesson Overview. 2.3 Carbon Compounds
Lesson Overview Carbon Compounds Lesson Overview 2.3 THINK ABOUT IT In the early 1800s, many chemists called the compounds created by organisms organic, believing they were fundamentally different from
Biology: Life on Earth Chapter 3 Molecules of life
Biology: Life on Earth Chapter 3 Molecules of life Chapter 3 Outline 3.1 Why Is Carbon So Important in Biological Molecules? p. 38 3.2 How Are Organic Molecules Synthesized? p. 38 3.3 What Are Carbohydrates?
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules. KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.
KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life. Carbon atoms have unique bonding properties. Carbon forms covalent bonds with up to four other atoms, including other carbon atoms. Carbon-based
Biology 12 - Biochemistry Practice Exam
Biology 12 - Biochemistry Practice Exam Name: Water: 1. The bond between water molecules is a (n) a. ionic bond b. covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. hydrogen bond 2. The water properties: good solvent,
Organic Chemistry. Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds. Biochemistry is the study of carbon compounds that crawl.
Organic Chemistry Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds. Biochemistry is the study of carbon compounds that crawl. Organic Compounds - have carbon bonded to other atoms and determine structure/function
Organic Compounds. (Carbon Compounds) Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids
Organic Compounds (Carbon Compounds) Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Carbon s Bonding Behavior Outer shell of carbon has 4 electrons; can hold 8 Each carbon atom can form covalent bonds with
Unit #2: Biochemistry
Unit #2: Biochemistry STRUCTURE & FUNCTION OF FOUR MACROMOLECULES What are the four main biomolecules? How is each biomolecule structured? What are their roles in life? Where do we find them in our body?
Copy into Note Packet and Return to Teacher Section 3 Chemistry of Cells
Copy into Note Packet and Return to Teacher Section 3 Chemistry of Cells Objectives Summarize the characteristics of organic compounds. Compare the structures and function of different types of biomolecules.
Biological Chemistry. Is biochemistry fun? - Find it out!
Biological Chemistry Is biochemistry fun? - Find it out! 1. Key concepts Outline 2. Condensation and Hydrolysis Reactions 3. Carbohydrates 4. Lipids 5. Proteins 6. Nucleic Acids Key Concepts: 1. Organic
All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds:
Biochemistry Organic Chemistry All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds: Do not contain carbon Organic
Unit 3: Chemistry of Life Mr. Nagel Meade High School
Unit 3: Chemistry of Life Mr. Nagel Meade High School IB Syllabus Statements 3.2.1 Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds. 3.2.2 Identify amino acids, glucose, ribose and fatty acids from
What are the molecules of life?
Molecules of Life What are the molecules of life? Organic Compounds Complex Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Organic Compounds Carbon- hydrogen based molecules From Structure to Function Ø Carbon
Lesson Overview. Carbon Compounds. Lesson Overview. 2.3 Carbon Compounds
Lesson Overview 2.3 THINK ABOUT IT In the early 1800s, many chemists called the compounds created by organisms organic, believing they were fundamentally different from compounds in nonliving things. We
Biological Molecules
Chemical Building Blocks of Life Chapter 3 Biological Molecules Biological molecules consist primarily of -carbon bonded to carbon, or -carbon bonded to other molecules. Carbon can form up to 4 covalent
Name Class Date. Write the correct letter in the blank before each numbered term. a. forms large molecules from smaller. ones
Name lass Date Assessment hapter Test B Biochemistry Write the correct letter in the blank before each numbered term. 1. nucleotide 2. hydrolysis 3. steroid 4. amino acid 5. condensation reaction 6. glucose
2 3 Carbon Compounds (Macromolecules)
2 3 Carbon Compounds (Macromolecules) Slide 1 of 37 Organic Chemistry Organic chemistry is the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. Slide 2 of 37 Carbon Living organisms are
Chapter 2 Part 3: Organic and Inorganic Compounds
Chapter 2 Part 3: Organic and Inorganic Compounds Objectives: 1) List the major groups of inorganic chemicals common in cells. 2) Describe the functions of various types of inorganic chemicals in cells.
BIOLOGY 111. CHAPTER 2: The Chemistry of Life Biological Molecules
BIOLOGY 111 CHAPTER 2: The Chemistry of Life Biological Molecules The Chemistry of Life : Learning Outcomes 2.4) Describe the significance of carbon in forming the basis of the four classes of biological
Macromolecules Chapter 2.3
Macromolecules Chapter 2.3 E.Q. What are the 4 main macromolecues found in living things and what are their functions? Carbon-Based Molecules Why is carbon called the building block of life? Carbon atoms
Activity: Biologically Important Molecules
Activity: Biologically Important Molecules AP Biology Introduction We have already seen in our study of biochemistry that the molecules that comprise living things are carbon-based, and that they are thought
Chapter 2 pt 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Life. Gregory Ahearn. John Crocker. Including the lecture Materials of
Chapter 2 pt 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Life Including the lecture Materials of Gregory Ahearn University of North Florida with amendments and additions by John Crocker Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc..
Organic Compounds. Biology-CP Mrs. Bradbury
Organic Compounds Biology-CP Mrs. Bradbury Carbon Chemistry The compounds that form the cells and tissues of the body are produced from similar compounds in the foods you eat. Common to most foods and
Bio 12 Important Organic Compounds: Biological Molecules NOTES Name:
Bio 12 Important Organic Compounds: Biological Molecules NOTES Name: Many molecules of life are.(means many molecules joined together) Monomers: that exist individually Polymers: Large organic molecules
Chapter 1-2 Review Assignment
Class: Date: Chapter 1-2 Review Assignment Multiple Choice dentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Corn seedlings A student wanted to design an investigation to see
small molecules that make up larger molecules organic compound made up of sugar molecules sugar that contains one sugar unit
organic molecule carbon based compound inorganic molecule hydrocarbon functional group hydrophilic NON-carbon based compound organic molecule made of only carbon and hydrogen group of atoms bonded to a
Macromolecules. Molecules of Life
Macromolecules Molecules of Life Learning Objectives know the difference between a dehydration synthesis reaction and a hydrolysis reaction know the different types of biological macromolecules be able
2.2 Properties of Water
2.2 Properties of Water I. Water s unique properties allow life to exist on Earth. A. Life depends on hydrogen bonds in water. B. Water is a polar molecule. 1. Polar molecules have slightly charged regions
Water: 1. The bond between water molecules is a(n) a. ionic bond b. covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. hydrogen bond
Biology 12 - Biochemistry Practice Exam KEY Water: 1. The bond between water molecules is a(n) a. ionic bond b. covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. hydrogen bond 2. The water properties: good solvent,
Chapter 3 The Molecules of Life
Chapter 3 The Molecules of Life State Standards Standard 1.h. Standard 5.a. Standard 4.e. Organic Molecules A cell is mostly water. The rest of the cell consists mostly of carbon based molecules organic
Molecule - two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. Ex. = water, H O
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY NOTES Why study carbon? ORGANIC CHEMISTRY NOTES Why study carbon? * All of life is built on carbon * Cells are made up of about 72% water 3% salts (NaCl, and K) 25% carbon compounds which
2 3 Carbon Compounds Slide 1 of 37
1 of 37 The Chemistry of Carbon The Chemistry of Carbon Organic chemistry is the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. Carbon atoms have four valence electrons that can join with
Chapter Sections: 3.1 Carbon s Place in the Living World 3.2 Functional Groups 3.3 Carbohydrates 3.4 Lipids 3.5 Proteins 3.
Chapter Sections: 3.1 Carbon s Place in the Living World 3.2 Functional Groups 3.3 Carbohydrates 3.4 Lipids 3.5 Proteins 3.6 Nucleic Acids Student Goals: By the end of this lecture series, students should
Introduction to Biochemistry
Life is Organized in Increasing Levels of Complexity Introduction to Biochemistry atom simple molecule What is the chemical makeup of living things? macromolecule organ organ system organism organelle
From Atoms to Cells: Fundamental Building Blocks. Models of atoms. A chemical connection
From Atoms to Cells: A chemical connection Fundamental Building Blocks Matter - all materials that occupy space & have mass Matter is composed of atoms Atom simplest form of matter not divisible into simpler
Biomolecules. Unit 3
Biomolecules Unit 3 Atoms Elements Compounds Periodic Table What are biomolecules? Monomers vs Polymers Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Minerals Vitamins Enzymes Triglycerides Chemical Reactions
The Carbon Atom (cont.)
Organic Molecules Organic Chemistry The chemistry of the living world. Organic Molecule a molecule containing carbon and hydrogen Carbon has 4 electrons in its outer shell and can share electrons with
The Atoms of Life. What are other elements would you expect to be on this list? Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorous Sulfur (sometimes)
Macromolecules The Atoms of Life The most frequently found atoms in the body are Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorous Sulfur (sometimes) What are other elements would you expect to be on this list?
Biochemistry. Biome. & Compound. Macromolecules
Biochemistry Biome Macromolecules & Compound 1 ATOMS the smallest unit of an element. Ex: Carbon- C MOLECULE A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically. EX: O 2 (Oxygen Gas) 2
Chemistry of Carbon. All living things rely on one particular type of molecule: carbon
Ach Chemistry of Carbon All living things rely on one particular type of molecule: carbon Carbon atom with an outer shell of four electrons can form covalent bonds with four atoms. In organic molecules,
2.3: Carbon-Based Molecules Notes
2.3: Carbon-Based Molecules Notes Carbon-based molecules are the of life. Bonding Properties of Carbon Carbon forms bonds with up to other atoms, including other carbon atoms. QUESTION: What types of elements
Introduction to Macromolecules. If you were to look at the nutrition label of whole milk, what main items stick out?
Introduction to Macromolecules Macromolecules are a set of molecules that are found in living organisms. Macromolecules essentially mean big molecules as the word macro means large. The functions of these
Ch. 5 The S & F of Macromolecules. They may be extremely small but they are still macro.
Ch. 5 The S & F of Macromolecules They may be extremely small but they are still macro. Background Information Cells join small molecules together to form larger molecules. Macromolecules may be composed
Carbon Compounds (2.3) (Part 1 - Carbohydrates)
Carbon Compounds (2.3) (Part 1 - Carbohydrates) The Chemistry of Carbon (Organic Chemistry) Organic Chemistry: The study of compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. Carbon can bond with many
Carbon. p Has four valence electrons p Can bond with many elements p Can bond to other carbon atoms
Organic Compounds Carbon p Has four valence electrons p Can bond with many elements p Can bond to other carbon atoms n Gives carbon the ability to form chains that are almost unlimited in length. p Organic
Chapter 3 Guided Reading Notes Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life
AP Biology Name: Block Chapter 3 Guided Reading Notes Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life Most of this chapter is new material. We will discuss it all in detail. Section 1 1. Make an electron distribution
ORgo! ORganic Chemistry - an introduction to Macromolcules
ORgo! ORganic Chemistry - an introduction to Macromolcules Macromolecule - an organic molecule (containing carbon atoms) made of a very large number of atoms (big). 1 4 main types of macromolecules: 1)
Macromolecules. Honors Biology
Macromolecules onors Biology 1 The building materials of the body are known as macromolecules because they can be very large There are four types of macromolecules: 1. Proteins 2. Nucleic acids 3. arbohydrates
What is a Biomolecule?
Biology Unit 03 What is a Biomolecule? Organic molecule made by living organisms Consists mostly of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) But wait What is an Organic Molecule? Organic Molecules: Contain
Biological molecules
Biological molecules 04-04-16 Announcements Your lab report 1 is due now Quiz 1 is on Wednesday at the beginning of class, so don t be late Review Macromolecues are large molecules necessary for life made
Do Now: Sort the following into the order of life from smallest to largest:
Do Now: Sort the following into the order of life from smallest to largest: organ, molecule, atom, organelle, cell, organ system, tissue, organism Correct Order: atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue,
Most life processes are a series of chemical reactions influenced by environmental and genetic factors.
Biochemistry II Most life processes are a series of chemical reactions influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Metabolism the sum of all biochemical processes 2 Metabolic Processes Anabolism-
INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 3.1 I can explain why carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, diverse molecules. Diverse molecules found in cells are composed of carbon bonded to other elements
Good Afternoon! 11/30/18
Good Afternoon! 11/30/18 1. The term polar refers to a molecule that. A. Is cold B. Has two of the same charges C. Has two opposing charges D. Contains a hydrogen bond 2. Electrons on a water molecule
Honors Biology Chapter 3: The Molecules of Cells Name Amatuzzi Carbohydrates pp Homework
Honors Biology Chapter 3: The Molecules of Cells Name Amatuzzi Carbohydrates pp. 37-39 1. Which elements make up carbohydrates? a. In which ratio? 2. How do living things use most of their carbohydrates?
5.2 Lipids 5.21 Triglycerides 5.22 Phospholipids 5.23 Wax 5.24 Steroids. 5.3 Proteins 5.4 Nucleic Acids
BIOCHEMISTRY Class Notes Summary Table of Contents 1.0 Inorganic and Organic Compounds 2.0 Monomers and Polymers 3.0 Dehydration (Condensation) Synthesis 4.0 Hydrolysis Reaction 5.0 Organic Compounds 5.1
B i o c h e m i s t r y N o t e s
14 P a g e Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorus Sulfur ~Major ~Found in all ~Found in most ~Found in all component of all organic organic molecules. molecules. ~Major structural atom in all organic
Anatomy & Physiology I. Macromolecules
Anatomy & Physiology I Macromolecules Many molecules in the human body are very large, consisting of hundreds or even thousands of atoms. These are called macromolecules. Four types of macromolecules are
Macromolecules. Note: If you have not taken Chemistry 11 (or if you ve forgotten some of it), read the Chemistry Review Notes on your own.
Macromolecules Note: If you have not taken Chemistry 11 (or if you ve forgotten some of it), read the Chemistry Review Notes on your own. Macromolecules are giant molecules made up of thousands or hundreds
The Building blocks of life. Macromolecules
The Building blocks of life Macromolecules 1 copyright cmassengale 2 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. 3 LIFE ON EARTH IS CARBON-BASED
Carbon. Has four valence electrons Can bond with many elements. Can bond to other carbon atoms. Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Nitrogen
Organic Compounds Carbon Has four valence electrons Can bond with many elements Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Can bond to other carbon atoms Gives carbon the ability to form chains
Essential Components of Food
Essential Components of Food The elements of life living things are mostly (98%) made of 6 elements: C carbon H hydrogen O oxygen P phosphorus N nitrogen S sulphur -each element makes a specific number
The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley
Organic Molecules. 8/27/2004 Mr. Davenport 1
Organic Molecules 8/27/2004 Mr. Davenport 1 Carbohydrates Commonly called sugars and starches Consist of C, H, O with H:O ration 2:1 Usually classified as to sugar units Monosaccharide are single sugar
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules I. Polymers What is a polymer? Poly = many; mer = part. A polymer is a large molecule consisting of many smaller sub-units bonded together. What is a monomer?
BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES REVIEW-UNIT 1 1. The factor being tested in an experiment is the A. data. B. variable. C. conclusion. D. observation. 2.
BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES REVIEW-UNIT 1 1. The factor being tested in an experiment is the A. data. B. variable. C. conclusion. D. observation. 2. A possible explanation for an event that occurs in nature is
Refresher: What do we remember about CARBON? What makes it special? Nickname? Where do we find it?
2.3: Carbon Based Molecules Situation: You are tasked with making Chicken Parm and ziti for you entire family (aunts, uncles, cousins, etc). There are 92 different ingredients you have access to in the
Macromolecules are large molecules. Macromolecules are large structures made of many smaller structures linked together.
Biomolecules Macromolecules are large molecules. Macromolecules are large structures made of many smaller structures linked together. The small single structure is a monomer (mono=one). The larger structure
CP Biology: Basic Biochemistry
CP Biology: Basic Biochemistry Organic Chemistry Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds. Organic compounds are compounds composed primarily of a carbon skeleton. All living things are composed
NOTE: For studying for the final, you only have to worry about those with an asterix (*)
NOTE: For studying for the final, you only have to worry about those with an asterix (*) (*)1. An organic compound is one that: a. contains carbon b. is slightly acidic c. forms long chains d. is soluble
Bio 12 Chapter 2 Test Review
Bio 12 Chapter 2 Test Review 1.Know the difference between ionic and covalent bonds In order to complete outer shells in electrons bonds can be Ionic; one atom donates or receives electrons Covalent; atoms
I. Polymers & Macromolecules Figure 1: Polymers. Polymer: Macromolecule: Figure 2: Polymerization via Dehydration Synthesis
I. Polymers & Macromolecules Figure 1: Polymers Polymer: Macromolecule: Figure 2: Polymerization via Dehydration Synthesis 1 Dehydration Synthesis: Figure 3: Depolymerization via Hydrolysis Hydrolysis:
Elements & Macromolecules in Organisms
Elements & Macromolecules in rganisms Most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body weight. All compounds can be
Macromolecules Carbohydrates A COMPLEX COLORING EXPERIENCE
Macromolecules Carbohydrates A COMPLEX COLORING EXPERIENCE Name: Per: Date: All plants, animals and microorganisms use carbohydrates as sources of energy. Carbohydrates are also used as structural building
Overview of Biomolecules
Overview of Biomolecules Carbohydrates Type of Biomolecule Carbohydrate Monomer Functions Monosaccharide Provide energy Starch (polysaccharide): Used for energy storage in plants (e.g., potatoes). Glycogen
Biochemistry Macromolecules and Enzymes. Unit 02
Biochemistry Macromolecules and Enzymes Unit 02 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. What is Carbon? Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent bonds
Chapter 5 Structure and Function Of Large Biomolecules
Formation of Macromolecules Monomers Polymers Macromolecules Smaller larger Chapter 5 Structure and Function Of Large Biomolecules monomer: single unit dimer: two monomers polymer: three or more monomers
What are the most common elements in living organisms? What is the difference between monomers, dimers and polymers?
What do each of these terms mean? Atom Molecule Element Compound Organic Inorganic What are the most common elements in living organisms? What are the roles of magnesium, iron, phosphate and calcium in