West Nile Virus and Other Mosquito-borne Diseases National Surveillance Report English Edition September 11 to September 17, 2016 (Week 37)

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1 West Nile Virus and Other Mosquito-borne Diseases National Surveillance Report English Edition September 11 to September 17, 16 (Week 37) Canada Humans During surveillance week 37, ending on September 17, 16, eighteen (18) human clinical cases of (WNV) have been reported to the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC). Of these, three cases have been reported in Manitoba [Southern () and Winnipeg (1)], thirteen cases in Ontario [Toronto (7), Niagara (3), York (1), Durham (1), Halton (1)] and two cases in Quebec [Laval (1), Lanaudière (1)]. As of surveillance week 37, a total of 59 human clinical cases have been reported to PHAC: Alberta (4) [Calgary zone (1) and South zone (3)], Manitoba () [Interlake-Eastern (3), Northern (1), Prairie Mountain (), Southern (8) and Winnipeg (6)], Ontario (7) [Toronto (17), Niagara (6), York (), Durham (1), Halton (1)], and Quebec (8) [Capitale-Nationale (1), Laurentides (1) *, Laval (3), Montérégie (1), Lanaudière () ]. Of these, twenty-eight cases (48 %) were classified as Neurological Syndrome, nineteen cases (3 %) as Non-Neurological Syndrome, and twelve cases ( %) were unclassified. Two fatal cases have been reported. In addition, four asymptomatic infections have been reported: Saskatchewan (1) [Mixed-Grass prairie (1)] and Ontario (3) [Toronto (), Windsor-Essex County (1)]. Mosquitoes As of surveillance week 37, 33 (.39 %) out of 13,798 mosquito pools have tested positive for WNV in Canada: Saskatchewan (67), Manitoba (39), Ontario (1) and Quebec (3). Birds As of September 17, 16, the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, the Québec Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, and the Québec Centre for Wildlife Health have examined a total of 6 dead birds for WNV: British Columbia (), Saskatchewan (), Ontario (47), and Quebec (11), of which 17 (7%) dead birds have tested positive for WNV: British Columbia () [Cranbrook], Ontario (6) [Bradford (1), Hamilton (1), Sarnia (1), Thorold (1), Toronto (1), Tecumseh (1)] and Quebec (9) [ Estrie (1), Lanaudière (1), Montérégie (4), Saint-Jean-Baptiste (1), Abitibi-Témiscaminigue (1), Montréal (1)]. The positive birds were identified as American Crows (41%), Red- tailed Hawks (18%), Sharp-shinned Hawks (18%), Merlins (11%), Northern Goshawks (6%) and Great- horned Owl (6%). Domestic Animals As of September 17, 16, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency has reported a total of 38 horses that have tested positive for WNV: British Columbia (), Alberta (5), Manitoba (1), Ontario (1) and Saskatchewan (). United States and U.S. territories As of September 17, 16, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have reported a total of 868 human clinical cases of disease in 41 states in the US, including the following border states: Washington (8), Idaho (6), Montana (5), New York (1), North Dakota (11), Minnesota (4), Michigan (), and Vermont (). Of these, 448 (5%) were classified as neuroinvasive disease and 4 (48%) were classified as non- neuroinvasive disease. Twenty-five fatal cases have been reported. In addition, 144 presumptive viremic blood donors have been identified. Detailed information can be accessed via the CDC web site: Europe and Neighbouring Countries As of September 17, 16, a total of 111 human cases of WNV have been reported in the European Union and 181 cases have been reported in the neighbouring countries. Detailed information can be accessed via the ECDC web site: Eastern equine encephalitis Canada Domestic Animals As of surveillance week 37, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency has reported one horse from Berthierville, Québec, that tested positive for Eastern Equine Encephalitis. *This case was acquired during WNV season in 15 Sun Country, Regina Qu Appelle, Five Hills, Cypress, Heartland Health Regions

2 FIGURE 1: Geographic distribution of WNV in Humans (clinical cases) in Canada, as of September 17, 16

3 FIGURE : WNV Human Clinical cases and Asymptomatic Infections, by Province/ Territory and by Report week, as of September 17, 16 Counts New Brunswick Nunavut Northwest Territory Yukon Territory British Columbia Alberta Saskatchewan Manitoba Ontario Quebec Nova Scotia Prince Edward Island Newfoundland and Labrador Report Week * FIGURE 3: WNV Human Clinical cases and Asymptomatic Infections by Report week for selected years, in Canada Counts Report Week by Episode Date * clinical cases and asymptomatic infections are grouped by report week, based on episode date. Episode date could include one of the following: onset date, diagnosis date, lab sample date or reporting date.

4 TABLE 1: West Nile Virus Human Clinical cases and Asymptomatic Infections by Province/Territory for the current report week and year to date, 16 season Newfoundland and Labrador neurological non-neurological Week 37: September 11 to September 17, 16 Unclassified/ unspecified Total clinical cases 1 Number of travel-related cases asymptomatic infection 3 Prince Edward Island Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba 3 3 Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia Yukon Territory Northwest Territory Nunavut Total Newfoundland and Labrador neurological non-neurological Year to date: January 1 to September17, 16 Unclassified/ unspecified Total clinical cases 1 Number of travel-related cases asymptomatic infection 3 Prince Edward Island Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec 5* 3 8* Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan 1 Alberta British Columbia Yukon Territory Northwest Territory Nunavut Total Total clinical cases is the sum of both probable and confirmed: neurological and non-neurological s, along with any unclassified or unspecified cases. Likely related to travel outside the Province/Territory. These cases are included in either the total clinical cases or asymptomatic infections. 3 Satisfies diagnostic test criteria in the absence of clinical criteria. This category could include asymptomatic blood donors whose blood is screened using a nucleic acid amplification test, by blood operators (i.e. Canadian Blood Services or Hema-Quebec) and is subsequently brought to the attention of public health officials. Blood operators in Canada perform a supplementary specific nucleic acid amplification test following any positive donor screen test result. * One of the cases was acquired in 15.

5 TABLE : Number of mosquito pools tested and number of positive mosquito pools by Province/Territory, 16 season Province Year to date: January 1 to September 17, 16 Number of positive mosquito Number of mosquito pools pools tested Percentage of positive mosquito pools (%) Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Total In 16, mosquito surveillance is conducted by the following provinces only: Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba and Saskatchewan TABLE 3: Number of WNV positive mosquito pools/ Total number of WNV mosquito pools tested by Report week and by Province/ Territory, 16 season ǂ Province / Report week of 16 Territory Newfoundland and Labrador Prince Edward Island New Brunswick Nova Scotia Quebec /59 /67 /65 /78 4/69 /79 6/76 4/67 /78 1/89 /79 Ontario /6 /5 /1 /49 /9 /19 /46 /54 /56 /8 1/795 /688 5/649 /97 3/947 36/88 4/886 9/96 17/836 19/767 Manitoba /4 /8 /3 /17 /56 /58 /69 / 4/113 7/19 5/41 6/46 15/143 1/65 1/4 /9 /8 Saskatchewan /1 /9 /8 /14 1/6 /37 /31 3/6 /68 16/6 31/144 4/55 /8 /6 * Alberta British Columbia Yukon Territory Northwest Territory Nunavut Total /6 /5 /1 /53 /98 /194 /486 /66 /634 3/956 1/999 6/897 17/983 39/135 54/ /145 51/73 34/54 18/96 19/ ǂ Detailed mosquito surveillance data can be accessed through Provincial/ Territorial websites. _These jurisdictions do not maintain regular mosquito surveillance. *Mosquito surveillance has ended.

6 FIGURE 4: Reported number of dead birds tested positive for WNV by Province/ Territory and by Report week, 16 season in Canada Number of dead birds testing positive Nunavut Northwest Territory Yukon Territory British Columbia Alberta Saskatchewan Manitoba Ontario Quebec Nova Scotia New Brunswick Prince Edward Island Newfoundland and Labrador Report Week FIGURE 5: Percentage of dead birds tested positive for WNV by Report week in 1, 15 and 16, and number of dead birds tested positive for WNV, by Report week, 16, in Canada % Positive % positive 1 % positive % positive 1618 # positve Report Week # Positive Not all provinces are conducting dead bird surveillance as part of their own WNV surveillance program. However, WNV positive dead birds may be identified through the National Wildlife Disease Surveillance Program of the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (CWHC)

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