Fact Sheets Taking a closer look at. The Old Cromwell Cemetery. Resources for Cromwell Cemetery

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Clare Burke
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Background Notes Spreadsheet deaths for Block 1 Spreadsheet

1 Fact Sheets Taking a closer look at. The Old Cromwell Cemetery Resources for Cromwell Cemetery Background Notes Spreadsheet deaths for Block 1 Spreadsheet deaths for Block 2 (2 pages) Spreadsheet deaths for Block 3 (2 pages) Scatter plot graph template

2 Cromwell Old Cemetery Background notes There are just over 90 burials represented in the following spreadsheets. The spreadsheets represent the burials that have occurred in three blocks only of the Old Cromwell Cemetery. Not everyone who is buried in these three blocks of the cemetery is listed here. In a number of cases the only information provided about some people from original records is the surname. Data has been included in these lists if either an age at death is provided or a cause of death. This data has been gleaned from both the information provided at the cemetery itself and also from the transcription of remaining headstones, cemetery plans and newspaper records, that were gathered in March 1992 by members of the Dunedin Group of the New Zealand Society of Genealogists (Inc) and members of the Cromwell Family History Society. The earliest recorded name in the cemetery is that of John McLachlan who met an accidental death in He was aged 37 and is buried in Block 1 Plot 38. The earliest death recorded on a tombstone that is still visible appears to be that of Robert Edwards Block 1 Plot 1. He died 15 August (The headstone is pictured next page). Most of the burials in Blocks 1, 2 and 3 of the cemetery occurred in the 1870s and 1880s. The purpose of providing these statistics is to allow students who have completed a mortality study within their local city cemetery to compare mortality rates to those of people of a similar time who lived in a different area. The Old Cromwell Cemetery burial indexes provide rich historical data. The age at death, and in some cases cause of death, are recorded. Students are encouraged to transfer the age data onto the recording sheets provided and to carry out the same statistical processes that are part of the Are we living longer: Myth or reality? teaching unit. The data will assist students to answer some questions along the lines of was overcrowding in cities one of the prime causes of early death in children and young adults? This data will also serve to raise other questions such as why there were such a large number of accidental deaths, particularly drownings and earth falls. The high incidence of death due to pneumonia and a typhoid epidemic is also interesting. Students are encouraged to follow up lines of inquiry into these areas.

Fact Sheet Detailed spreadsheet deaths for Block 1 Below: Robert Edwards.

10 Mary Koch 5 February 1870 Dysentery 2 mths 13 Harriet Thompson 21 February 1874-18mths 14 Thomas 10 January 1868 - - 15 James Lory Mitchell (Miner) 13 January

3 Fact Sheet Detailed spreadsheet deaths for Block 1 Below: Robert Edwards. Headstone is in Block 1 Plot 1 Plot Name Date of Death Cause of death Age at death 1 Robert Edwards (drapery 15 August shop) 9 Mary Barry 11 April wks 10 Mary Koch 5 February 1870 Dysentery 2 mths 13 Harriet Thompson 21 February mths 14 Thomas 10 January James Lory Mitchell (Miner) 13 January John William Garrett 30 December 1869 Accident (fall from a horse) Patrick Kelly (Hotel owner) 10 July Thomas Shanly 26 May 1867 Accident (Drowned Kawarau 29 River) 21 Ellen Gorman 26 February G.G. Marshall 24 January mths 38 John McLachlan 12 August 1864 Accidental death James Gray 19 April 1865 Accidental death Joel Chapman 21 November 1875 Accident (fall of earth) William Scott 5 April wks James Scott 25 June 1870 Accident (Drowned in River) 12 Left: Location of headstone for Joel Chapman. Block 1 Plot 41 Shows location of Block 1

Fact Sheet Detailed spreadsheet deaths for Block 2 - page 1 Robert Paterson headstone Block 2 Plot 12 Plot Name Date of Death Cause of death Age at death 1 John Howe 20 October 1870 Appendicitis 14 2

4 Fact Sheet Detailed spreadsheet deaths for Block 2 - page 1 Robert Paterson headstone Block 2 Plot 12 Plot Name Date of Death Cause of death Age at death 1 John Howe 20 October 1870 Appendicitis 14 2 George Wellington 12 December 1884 Accident (Drowned) 53 Goodger Johanna 7 February Henry Patrick 23 March 1874 Typhoid 14 Mary Anne 23 March 1874 Typhoid 12 Margaret 16 March mths Mary Ann 28 September Byron Birnie 10 May Mary Birnie 12February Bridget Campion 9 July Sarah Wilson 27 May Ellen Stumbles 16 June John 12 February 1874 Teething 1 8 George Hayes 24 December 1874 Accident (Barrel of - beer fell on him) 11 W. E. Primate 17 October 1872 Bronchitis Child Helen Bateman 16 July 1873 Typhoid Child 12 Robert Paterson 26 February /14 Sarah Jane Perriam 26 May 18?? 9 yrs 3 mths John 28 August Charlotte Perriam 8 September Sarah Perriam 28 May 1873 Whooping Cough Child 14/15 Matilda Hebden 13 December Jane Bell 6 December 1915 Typhoid 40 Willie 27 March mths William Bell 30 March Emma G.B. Bell 3 December /19 Mary Brown 24 August Alexandrina Pretsch 2 February 1873 Childbirth 20

Fact Sheet Detailed spreadsheet deaths for Block 2 - page 2 Plot Name Date of Death Cause of death Age at death 20 Margaret Hotop 12 January 1883 Childbirth

46 24/25 Matilda Margaret Scally 30 April 1873 Typhoid 11mths 3 days John Scally 27 March 1874 Typhoid 7 yrs 3 mths Mary Scally 2 April 1874 Typhoid 5 yrs 2

July 1873 Typhoid - 27 Margaret Collins 18 December 1873 Childbirth 30 28 Ellen Trudgen 28 January 1874 Childbirth 33 29 Elizabeth Margaret Harvey 19

Haldon 4 April 1875 Pleurisy 6 mths 33/34 Mary Partridge 4 April 1874 Typhoid 22 35 John Miller 7 April 1872-39 36/37 Emma Hoskins 17 February 1872

5 Fact Sheet Detailed spreadsheet deaths for Block 2 - page 2 Plot Name Date of Death Cause of death Age at death 20 Margaret Hotop 12 January 1883 Childbirth Charlotte Edwards 18 May John Barter Luscombe 4 November 1871 Accident (Drowned at Quartzville) Duncan McKellor 2 August 1890 Dropsy 46 24/25 Matilda Margaret Scally 30 April 1873 Typhoid 11mths 3 days John Scally 27 March 1874 Typhoid 7 yrs 3 mths Mary Scally 2 April 1874 Typhoid 5 yrs 2 mths Sarah Scally 7 April 1874 Typhoid 6 yrs 3 mths Daniel Scally 7 April 1874 Typhoid 3 yrs 7 mths Ellen Scally 1 April 1875 Typhoid Helen Bateman 18 July 1873 Typhoid - 27 Margaret Collins 18 December 1873 Childbirth Ellen Trudgen 28 January 1874 Childbirth Elizabeth Margaret Harvey 19 December 1872 Accident (Drowned) Fanny Graham (of Nevis) 27 February 1873 Typhoid - 32 Margaret Haldon 13 December 1874 Appendicitis 23 Margaret Jane Haldon 4 April 1875 Pleurisy 6 mths 33/34 Mary Partridge 4 April 1874 Typhoid John Miller 7 April /37 Emma Hoskins 17 February 1872 Congestion of lungs 30 May Hoskins 26 June mths Left upper: Haldon Headstone Block 2 Plot 32. Left lower: Luscombe Headstone Block 2 Plot 22 Shows location of Block 2

Fact Sheet Detailed spreadsheet deaths for Block 3 - page 1 Williams Headstone Block 3 Plot 9 & 10 Plot Name Date of Death Cause of death Age at death 1 John George Milns 20 April 1874 Typhoid 21 2

6 Fact Sheet Detailed spreadsheet deaths for Block 3 - page 1 Williams Headstone Block 3 Plot 9 & 10 Plot Name Date of Death Cause of death Age at death 1 John George Milns 20 April 1874 Typhoid 21 2 William Green 27 April 1874 Typhoid 20 3 Samuel Bottrell 4 October 1874 Accident (Killed by a fall of earth) - 4/5 Esther Wright 12 January Sarah Annie Jones 24 March 1877 Cancer 34 (Infant) Annie 15 May 1877 Pneumonia 4 mths 7 James Beare 13 October 1875 Accident (Killed by a fall of earth) 33 8 John Mason September 1875 Pneumonia - 9/10 William Williams 26 October 1875 Congestion of the lungs 40 (Miner) Mary Williams 16 July 1875 Cardiac 6 yrs 3 mths Sarah Williams 17 February Timothy O Leary 5 December 1874 Accident (Killed by a fall of earth) Elizabeth Werner 29 July 1874 Appendicitis Charles Ferdinand 5 August 1876 Accident (Drowned Kawarau River) 48 Shutz 14 J Greer 27 July 1876 Congestion of the lungs James Campbell 5 May 1876 Accident (Fell from a horse) - 17 Jane Thomson 6 February 1874 Dysentery - 19 Alfred Barnes 8 August mths 20 J. Wrightson 7 February John Wrightson 24 April Henrietta Bettincor 28 May 1874 Typhoid - 22 Susan Towan 8 December years 23 John Munro 19 January 1875 Pneumonia S Thomas 31 August 1875 Exposure Jamieson Brown 30 October 1875 Pneumonia David Roberts 13 October 1875 Pneumonia H or E Thompson 29 September

Fact Sheet Detailed spreadsheet deaths for Block 3 - page 2 Headstone for James Cossar Block 3 Plot 32 Plot Name Date of Death Cause of death Age at death 28/29 Jane Spence 4 April

William Grose 24 October 1883-80 32 James Cossar 17 November 1875-61 33 Andrew Bennett 20 December 1876 Accident (Drowned at Quartzville) 1 yr 11 mths 35/36 William Ussher Goodall 10

Halcrow 21 August 1874 Bronchitis 14 mths 38 Robert Scott 3 November 1875 Pneumonia 51 39 Jane Smith 30 October 1875-15 days 41 Rose Carline 9 May 1876 Childbirth 35 43 Rosina Dagg

7 Fact Sheet Detailed spreadsheet deaths for Block 3 - page 2 Headstone for James Cossar Block 3 Plot 32 Plot Name Date of Death Cause of death Age at death 28/29 Jane Spence 4 April Adam Spence 15 November /31 Nanny Maria Jolly 17 April 1875 Bronchitis 26 Frederick Jolly 8 April day Herbert Charles Jolly 12 January 1877 Diarrhoea 6 mths William Grose 24 October James Cossar 17 November Andrew Bennett 20 December 1876 Accident (Drowned at Quartzville) 1 yr 11 mths 35/36 William Ussher Goodall 10 November 1875 Pleurisy - Thomas Ussher Goodall 1 March 1875 Tuberculosis 3 37 H. Halcrow 21 August 1874 Bronchitis 14 mths 38 Robert Scott 3 November 1875 Pneumonia Jane Smith 30 October days 41 Rose Carline 9 May 1876 Childbirth Rosina Dagg 22 December Child Shows location of Block 3 Selected details for Blocks 1, 2 and 3 are sourced from Cromwell Cemetery Old and New. Investigated and compiled by the Dunedin Group of New Zealand Society of Genealogists (Inc) and the Cromwell Family History Society. Dunedin March 1992

8 Student Worksheet: Scatter plot template for graph for age at death and decade of death Adapted from Sagazio, C. (1992) Cemeteries: Our Heritage. National Trust of Australia. AGE YEAR

9 Student Worksheet and Resources for further investigation Questions about the data What decades do the deaths in these three blocks cover? What were the most common known causes of death in these three blocks of the cemetery? What percentage of people died from accidents? What was the most common type of accident? Find out why do you think this was? What percentage of people died from diseases? What were most commonly listed kinds of diseases? When did the typhoid outbreak occur in Cromwell? What is the range of dates for deaths for this outbreak for these three blocks of the cemetery? How extensive was Typhoid in New Zealand at this time? Note: There is more about the Scally Family in the epidemics resource that also accompanies this Mortality Unit. There is also a lot of information about the Cromwell typhoid outbreak and its possible causes in the local newspapers of the time.

10 Resources for further investigation Resources for further investigation Websites Papers Past Website URL o FEVER AT CROMWELL.Tuapeka Times, 16 May 1874, Page 3 Reports on Dr Coughtrey s investigation into the outbreak in Cromwell and his descriptions of sanitary conditions at the time. o The Southland Times. MONDAY, MAY 18, Southland Times, 18 May 1874, Page 2. A similar story featured. Te Ara. Encyclopedia of New Zealand City Planning Typhoid map. URL Typhoid killed 49 people in Christchurch in URL The Voyage out URL Books Cromwell Cemetery Old and New. Investigated and compiled by the Dunedin Group of New Zealand Society of Genealogists (Inc) and the Cromwell Family History Society. Dunedin March Sagazio, C. (1992) Cemeteries: Our Heritage. National Trust of Australia.

Quarantine Island. The Fact sheets in this set include, 1. Background information about the Quarantine Island Cemetery.

Quarantine Island. The Fact sheets in this set include, 1. Background information about the Quarantine Island Cemetery. Taking a closer look at. Quarantine Island It is suggested that one or two the following fact sheets are printed out and used as wall or poster displays or laminate and make available for students. The