III. What are the requirements for taking and passing this course?

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "III. What are the requirements for taking and passing this course?"

Transcription

1 1 Molecular Virology Lecture # 1: Course Introduction I. Instructor and Background Dr. Richard Kuhn rjkuhn@bragg.bio.purdue.edu B-129 Lilly Hall Office Hours - Wednesday 10:30-11:30 II. Objective: To use viruses as a vehicle to: 1) Study disease 2) Examine how viruses provide ideal model systems for unraveling how the cell itself functions. 3) Demonstrate the potential of using viruses to deliver genes and other novel therapeutic approaches III. What are the requirements for taking and passing this course? 1) Core biology courses 2) The ability to blend fundamental principles from biology, chemistry, and physics 3) A little curiosity 4) A little bit of work IV. Course syllabus: 1. Course limited to eukaryotic host-viral systems 2. Three different phases to the course: a) Introduction/review of molecular biology b) Introduction to viral processes c) An examination of specific viral systems V. Description of class mechanics 1. Lecture format: a. Lecture with research examples b. Straight memorization will not help you: apply principles! c. Ask questions or I will ask questions of you 2. Text Principles of Virology (Flint, Enquist, Krug, Racaniello, Skalka) 1999 Reference: Genes & Genomes (Berg & Singer) On Reserve 3. Lecture notes/overheads will be handed out during class 4. Exams: 3 exams equal weight (33% each exam). a. Final is not cumulative (covers only last 1/3) b. Format of exams: short answer/ T/F/ thinking essays c. Approach to passing exams: apply principles

2 2 LECTURE DATE TOPIC 1 M 1/10 Introduction: viruses 2 W 1/12 Cellular transcription, translation, replication 3 F 1/13 Restriction enzymes, ligation M1/17 Holiday - No class 4 W 1/19 Plasmids, transformation 5 F 1/21 Screening, cdna libraries 6 M 1/24 Sequencing 7 W 1/26 No Class 8 F 1/28 Mutagenesis, PCR 9 M 1/31 Virus Manipulation 10 W 2/2 Viral Genetics 11 F 2/4 Taxonomy & Evolution 12 M 2/7 Viral Replication I 13 W 2/9 Viral Replication II 14 F 2/11 Pathogenesis 15 M 2/14 Immune response 16 W 2/16 Virus structure and assembly - F 2/18 EXAM I 17 M 2/21 Picornaviruses: genome organization & pathogenesis 18 W 2/23 Picornaviruses: gene expression 19 F 2/25 Picornaviruses: structure & receptors 20 M 2/28 No Class 21 W 3/1 Togaviruses: genome organization and expression 22 F 3/3 Alphaviruses: replication, structural studies 23 M 3/6 Flaviviruses & Cornaviruses 24 W 3/8 Minus strand RNA viruses 25 F 3/10 Influenza: genome organization and expression, pathogenesis - M 3/13 - F 3/17 SPRING BREAK

3 3 26 M 3/20 Influenza: replication & structure studies 27 W 3/22 Reoviruses 28 F 3/24 Introduction to DNA Viruses 29 M 3/27 SV40: genome organization & expression - W 3/29 EXAM II 30 F 3/31 SV40: transformation & virus structure 31 M 4/3 Adenovirus: genome organization & expression 32 W 4/5 Adenovirus: transformation & virus structure 33 F 4/7 Introduction to retroviruses 34 M 4/10 Introduction to retroviruses II 35 W 4/12 HIV: epidemiology 36 F 4/14 HIV: pathogenesis 37 M 4/17 HIV: genome organization/relatives 38 W 4/19 HIV: viral replication 39 F 4/21 HIV: virus - host interactions I 40 M 4/24 HIV: vaccine development 41 W 4/26 HIV: antivirals - structure studies 42 F 4/28 Viruses as vectors - M 5/1 FINAL EXAMS BEGIN - S 5/6 FINAL EXAMS END

4 Lecture # 1: History 4 Readings: Principles of Virology, Chapter 1, pp 3-21 Early Landmarks in Virus Research: Date Virologist Discovery late 1800 s Koch Filterable agents, Koch s postulates 1898 Loeffler & Frosch First demonstration of a filterable animal virus, foot and mouth virus 1901 Reed Identification of Yellow fever virus 1909 Landsteiner & Popper Transmission of CNS fluid from child to monkey establishes a virus as a causative agent for poliomyelitis 1911 Rous Identified virus causing solid tumors, Rous sarcoma virus 1931 Woodruff Use of embryonic hen s egg as a viral host 1933 Smith Isolation of Influenza 1937 Theiler Development of the 17D Yellow Fever virus vaccine 1949 Enders Nonneuronal tissue supports poliovirus replication in culture 1952 Dulbecco Development of virus plaque assay 1952 Hershey & Chase Nucleic acid is the genetic material 1950s Salk & Sabin Development of killed and attenuated poliovirus vaccines 1972 Temin & Baltimore Discovery of reverse transcriptase 1984 Montagnier & Gallo Isolation of HIV as the causative agent for AIDS

5 5 Properties of viruses A. Definitions: 1. Obligate intracellular parasites with a relatively simple life cycle and/or 2. Viruses are entities whose genomes (nucleic acids) replicate inside living cells using the cellular biosynthetic machinery and cause the synthesis of specialized elements (virions) that can transfer the viral genome to other cells. B. Small in size can pass through bacteriological filters C. Viruses contain no enzymes used for energy production. Some do contain enzymes associated with nucleic acid metabolism. D. Viruses contain only one type of nucleic acid. 1. RNA, double stranded or single stranded. 2. DNA, double stranded or single stranded. 3. Nucleic acid is main component of virion (plus coat) 4. Some viruses have enzymes in virion particles. E Replicate through an assembly-line like mechanism in the host cell use host cell metabolic machinery to synthesize all of the necessary viral components and then assemble them into virus particle - simple nature of life cycle compared to that of a eukaryotic cell. F. Viruses known to infect nearly all organisms. 1. Bacteria - bacteriophages. 2. Plants - RNA or DNA containing viruses as well as agents called viroids. 3. Insects - numerous viruses infect insects; certain viruses are transmitted to both plants and animals via insect vectors. 4. Higher animals

6 6 VIROLOGY: Levels of Analysis: Molecular: Clinical (organism): Population Groups: Cell Biology Biochemistry Genetics Structure Pathogenesis - disease patterns - organs and tissues affected - immune response Epidemiological The study of viruses require: 1) Isolate virus and quantitate 2) Propagate and manipulate a. animal model - replication and pathogenesis b. cell culture - replication and genetics 3) In vitro biochemistry a. develop enzymatic assays b. study virus assembly c. determine three-dimensional structure of virus particle and viral proteins

Lecture # 1: Course Introduction

Lecture # 1: Course Introduction Lecture # 1: Course Introduction I. Instructor and Background Dr. Richard Kuhn rjkuhn@bragg.bio.purdue.edu B-129 Lilly Hall 494-1164 Office Hours - Wednesday 10:30-11:30 II. Objective: To use viruses as

More information

Chapter 6- An Introduction to Viruses*

Chapter 6- An Introduction to Viruses* Chapter 6- An Introduction to Viruses* *Lecture notes are to be used as a study guide only and do not represent the comprehensive information you will need to know for the exams. 6.1 Overview of Viruses

More information

General Virology I. Dr Esam Ibraheem Azhar (BSc, MSc, Ph.D Molecular Medical Virology) Asst. Prof. Medical Laboratory Technology Department

General Virology I. Dr Esam Ibraheem Azhar (BSc, MSc, Ph.D Molecular Medical Virology) Asst. Prof. Medical Laboratory Technology Department General Virology I Dr Esam Ibraheem Azhar (BSc, MSc, Ph.D Molecular Medical Virology) Asst. Prof. Medical Laboratory Technology Department ١ General Virology I Lecture Outline Introduction istory Definition

More information

Syllabus: Principles of Virology

Syllabus: Principles of Virology Syllabus: Principles of Virology 1. Course Infromation: Title: Principles of Virology Number: F494 Credits: 3 Prerequisits: Biol 261 Location: To be determined 2. Instructor contact information: Karsten

More information

Microbiology Chapter 7 Viruses

Microbiology Chapter 7 Viruses Microbiology Chapter 7 Viruses 7:1 Viral Structure and Classification VIRUS: a biological particle composed of genetic material (DNA or RNA) encased in a protein coat CAPSID: protein coat surrounding a

More information

What is a virus? Lecture 1 Biology 3310/4310 Virology Spring 2017

What is a virus? Lecture 1 Biology 3310/4310 Virology Spring 2017 What is a virus? Lecture 1 Biology 3310/4310 Virology Spring 2017 There is an intrinsic simplicity of nature and the ultimate contribution of science resides in the discovery of unifying and simplifying

More information

Overview: Chapter 19 Viruses: A Borrowed Life

Overview: Chapter 19 Viruses: A Borrowed Life Overview: Chapter 19 Viruses: A Borrowed Life Viruses called bacteriophages can infect and set in motion a genetic takeover of bacteria, such as Escherichia coli Viruses lead a kind of borrowed life between

More information

19/06/2013. Viruses are not organisms (do not belong to any kingdom). Viruses are not made of cells, have no cytoplasm, and no membranes.

19/06/2013. Viruses are not organisms (do not belong to any kingdom). Viruses are not made of cells, have no cytoplasm, and no membranes. VIRUSES Many diseases of plants and animals are caused by bacteria or viruses that invade the body. Bacteria and viruses are NOT similar kinds of micro-organisms. Bacteria are classified as living organisms,

More information

CONTENTS. 1. Introduction. 4. Virology. 2. Virus Structure. 5. Virus and Medicine. 3. Virus Replication. 6. Review

CONTENTS. 1. Introduction. 4. Virology. 2. Virus Structure. 5. Virus and Medicine. 3. Virus Replication. 6. Review CONTENTS 1. Introduction 4. Virology 2. Virus Structure 5. Virus and Medicine 3. Virus Replication 6. Review We have all gotten viruses from bacteria, plants to animals. Viruses cause colds, flu, warts

More information

Chapter 13 Viruses, Viroids, and Prions. Biology 1009 Microbiology Johnson-Summer 2003

Chapter 13 Viruses, Viroids, and Prions. Biology 1009 Microbiology Johnson-Summer 2003 Chapter 13 Viruses, Viroids, and Prions Biology 1009 Microbiology Johnson-Summer 2003 Viruses Virology-study of viruses Characteristics: acellular obligate intracellular parasites no ribosomes or means

More information

A virus consists of a nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat. [2]

A virus consists of a nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat. [2] GUIDED READING - Ch. 19 - VIRUSES NAME: Please print out these pages and HANDWRITE the answers directly on the printouts. Typed work or answers on separate sheets of paper will not be accepted. Importantly,

More information

Virus. Landmarks in Virology. Introduction to Virology. Landmarks in Virology. Definitions. Definitions. Latin for slimy liquid or poison

Virus. Landmarks in Virology. Introduction to Virology. Landmarks in Virology. Definitions. Definitions. Latin for slimy liquid or poison Landmarks in Virology Introduction to Virology Scott M. Hammer, M.D. Introduction of concept of filterable agents for plant pathogens (Mayer, Ivanofsky, Beijerinck in late 1880 s) First filterable agent

More information

LEC 2, Medical biology, Theory, prepared by Dr. AYAT ALI

LEC 2, Medical biology, Theory, prepared by Dr. AYAT ALI General Characteristics, Structure and Taxonomy of Viruses Viruses A virus is non-cellular organisms made up of genetic material and protein that can invade living cells. They are considered both a living

More information

AP Biology Reading Guide. Concept 19.1 A virus consists of a nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat

AP Biology Reading Guide. Concept 19.1 A virus consists of a nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat AP Biology Reading Guide Name Chapter 19: Viruses Overview Experimental work with viruses has provided important evidence that genes are made of nucleic acids. Viruses were also important in working out

More information

Chair of Medical Biology, Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology STRUCTURE, CLASSIFICATION AND PHYSIOLOGY OF VIRUSES

Chair of Medical Biology, Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology STRUCTURE, CLASSIFICATION AND PHYSIOLOGY OF VIRUSES Chair of Medical Biology, Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology STRUCTURE, CLASSIFICATION AND PHYSIOLOGY OF VIRUSES Viruses are small obligate intracellular parasites, which by definition contain either

More information

1. Virus 2. Capsid 3. Envelope

1. Virus 2. Capsid 3. Envelope VIRUSES BIOLOGY II VOCABULARY- VIRUSES (22 Words) 1. Virus 2. Capsid 3. Envelope 4. Provirus 5. Retrovirus 6. Reverse transcriptase 7. Bacteriophage 8. Lytic Cycle 9. Virulent 10. Lysis 11. Lysogenic Cycle

More information

Viruses. Rotavirus (causes stomach flu) HIV virus

Viruses. Rotavirus (causes stomach flu) HIV virus Viruses Rotavirus (causes stomach flu) HIV virus What is a virus? A virus is a microscopic, infectious agent that may infect any type of living cell. Viruses must infect living cells in order to make more

More information

PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY JIGAR SHAH INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY NIRMA UNIVERSITY

PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY JIGAR SHAH INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY NIRMA UNIVERSITY PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY JIGAR SHAH INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY NIRMA UNIVERSITY VIRUS - HISTORY In 1886, the Dutch Chemist Adolf Mayer showed TMD In 1892, the Russian Bactriologist Dimtri Iwanowski isolate

More information

18.2 Viruses and Prions

18.2 Viruses and Prions KEY CONCEPT Infections can be caused in several ways. Viruses, bacteria, viroids, and prions can all cause infection. Any disease-causing agent is called a pathogen. 1 nanometer (nm) = one billionth of

More information

AP Biology. Viral diseases Polio. Chapter 18. Smallpox. Influenza: 1918 epidemic. Emerging viruses. A sense of size

AP Biology. Viral diseases Polio. Chapter 18. Smallpox. Influenza: 1918 epidemic. Emerging viruses. A sense of size Hepatitis Viral diseases Polio Chapter 18. Measles Viral Genetics Influenza: 1918 epidemic 30-40 million deaths world-wide Chicken pox Smallpox Eradicated in 1976 vaccinations ceased in 1980 at risk population?

More information

Dr. Gary Mumaugh. Viruses

Dr. Gary Mumaugh. Viruses Dr. Gary Mumaugh Viruses Viruses in History In 1898, Friedrich Loeffler and Paul Frosch found evidence that the cause of foot-and-mouth disease in livestock was an infectious particle smaller than any

More information

Lahore University of Management Sciences. BIO314 Virology and Microbiology (Spring 2015)

Lahore University of Management Sciences. BIO314 Virology and Microbiology (Spring 2015) BIO314 Virology and Microbiology (Spring 2015) Instructor Room. Office Hours Email Telephone Secretary/TA TA Office Hours Course URL (if any) Shaper Mirza and Sadia Hamera Shaper.Mirza@uth.tmc.edu Course

More information

Size nm m m

Size nm m m 1 Viral size and organization Size 20-250nm 0.000000002m-0.000000025m Virion structure Capsid Core Acellular obligate intracellular parasites Lack organelles, metabolic activities, and reproduction Replicated

More information

Virus Basics. General Characteristics of Viruses. Chapter 13 & 14. Non-living entities. Can infect organisms of every domain

Virus Basics. General Characteristics of Viruses. Chapter 13 & 14. Non-living entities. Can infect organisms of every domain Virus Basics Chapter 13 & 14 General Characteristics of Viruses Non-living entities Not considered organisms Can infect organisms of every domain All life-forms Commonly referred to by organism they infect

More information

Virus Basics. General Characteristics of Viruses 5/9/2011. General Characteristics of Viruses. Chapter 13 & 14. Non-living entities

Virus Basics. General Characteristics of Viruses 5/9/2011. General Characteristics of Viruses. Chapter 13 & 14. Non-living entities Virus Basics Chapter 13 & 14 General Characteristics of Viruses Non-living entities Not considered organisms Can infect organisms of every domain All life-formsf Commonly referred to by organism they infect

More information

Lahore University of Management Sciences. BIO 314- Microbiology and Virology (Spring 2018)

Lahore University of Management Sciences. BIO 314- Microbiology and Virology (Spring 2018) BIO 314- Microbiology and Virology (Spring 2018) Instructor Shaper Mirza Room No. 9-318A Office Hours TBA Email Shaper.Mirza@uth.tmc.edu ; shaper.mirza@lums.edu.pk Telephone 8413 Secretary/TA No TA Office

More information

Some living things are made of ONE cell, and are called. Other organisms are composed of many cells, and are called. (SEE PAGE 6)

Some living things are made of ONE cell, and are called. Other organisms are composed of many cells, and are called. (SEE PAGE 6) Section: 1.1 Question of the Day: Name: Review of Old Information: N/A New Information: We tend to only think of animals as living. However, there is a great diversity of organisms that we consider living

More information

Structure & Function of Viruses

Structure & Function of Viruses Structure & Function of Viruses Discovery of Viruses Louis Pasteur- looks for a causative agent for rabies, says too small, can not find it 1892 Dimitry Ivanosky- studies tobacco disease, can not find

More information

The Biology of Viruses MMI / Biochem 575 SPRING 2015

The Biology of Viruses MMI / Biochem 575 SPRING 2015 The Biology of Viruses MMI / Biochem 575 SPRING 2015 INSTRUCTORS: Professor Paul Friesen Professor Andrew Mehle INTRODUCTION: The goal of Biology of Viruses (MMI/Biochem 575) is to introduce upperlevel

More information

Biology 350: Microbial Diversity

Biology 350: Microbial Diversity Biology 350: Microbial Diversity Strange Invaders: Viruses, viroids, and prions. Lecture #27 7 November 2007-1- Notice handouts and announcements for today: Outline and study questions A 1999 paper discussing

More information

Chapter 19: The Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria

Chapter 19: The Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria Chapter 19: The Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria What is Microbiology? Microbiology is the science that studies microorganisms = living things that are too small to be seen with the naked eye Microorganisms

More information

VIRUSES. 1. Describe the structure of a virus by completing the following chart.

VIRUSES. 1. Describe the structure of a virus by completing the following chart. AP BIOLOGY MOLECULAR GENETICS ACTIVITY #3 NAME DATE HOUR VIRUSES 1. Describe the structure of a virus by completing the following chart. Viral Part Description of Part 2. Some viruses have an envelope

More information

Chapter 18. Viral Genetics. AP Biology

Chapter 18. Viral Genetics. AP Biology Chapter 18. Viral Genetics 2003-2004 1 A sense of size Comparing eukaryote bacterium virus 2 What is a virus? Is it alive? DNA or RNA enclosed in a protein coat Viruses are not cells Extremely tiny electron

More information

Unit 13.2: Viruses. Vocabulary capsid latency vaccine virion

Unit 13.2: Viruses. Vocabulary capsid latency vaccine virion Unit 13.2: Viruses Lesson Objectives Describe the structure of viruses. Outline the discovery and origins of viruses. Explain how viruses replicate. Explain how viruses cause human disease. Describe how

More information

Lecture 2: Virology. I. Background

Lecture 2: Virology. I. Background Lecture 2: Virology I. Background A. Properties 1. Simple biological systems a. Aggregates of nucleic acids and protein 2. Non-living a. Cannot reproduce or carry out metabolic activities outside of a

More information

Lab Tuesday: Virus Diseases

Lab Tuesday: Virus Diseases Lab Tuesday: Virus Diseases Quiz for Bacterial Pathogens lab (pp 67-73) and Biocontrol of Crown Gall (p. 113-117), Observation of Viral Movement in Plants (p. 119), and Intro section for Viruses (pp. 75-77).

More information

the world and viruses

the world and viruses More than 5,450 viruses belonging to more than 2,000 species, 287 genera, 73 families and 3 orders are recognized in the 8th ICTVreport report. the world and viruses 1 1889 H2N2 Emerging viruses in the

More information

VIROLOGY PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS WILEY. John B. Carter and Venetia A. Saunders

VIROLOGY PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS WILEY. John B. Carter and Venetia A. Saunders VIROLOGY PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS John B. Carter and Venetia A. Saunders WILEY -urief Contents Preface to Second Edition xix Preface to First Edition xxi Abbreviations Used in This Book xxiii Greek

More information

Reverse transcription and integration

Reverse transcription and integration Reverse transcription and integration Lecture 9 Biology 3310/4310 Virology Spring 2018 One can t believe impossible things, said Alice. I dare say you haven t had much practice, said the Queen. Why, sometimes

More information

LESSON 4.4 WORKBOOK. How viruses make us sick: Viral Replication

LESSON 4.4 WORKBOOK. How viruses make us sick: Viral Replication DEFINITIONS OF TERMS Eukaryotic: Non-bacterial cell type (bacteria are prokaryotes).. LESSON 4.4 WORKBOOK How viruses make us sick: Viral Replication This lesson extends the principles we learned in Unit

More information

Chapter 19: Viruses. 1. Viral Structure & Reproduction. 2. Bacteriophages. 3. Animal Viruses. 4. Viroids & Prions

Chapter 19: Viruses. 1. Viral Structure & Reproduction. 2. Bacteriophages. 3. Animal Viruses. 4. Viroids & Prions Chapter 19: Viruses 1. Viral Structure & Reproduction 2. Bacteriophages 3. Animal Viruses 4. Viroids & Prions 1. Viral Structure & Reproduction Chapter Reading pp. 393-396 What exactly is a Virus? Viruses

More information

Ch. 19 Viruses & Bacteria: What Is a Virus?

Ch. 19 Viruses & Bacteria: What Is a Virus? Ch. 19 Viruses & Bacteria: What Is a Virus? A virus is an invective agent consisting of a nucleic acid in a protein coat, able to multiply only within the living cells of a host. A bacteriophage ( bacteria

More information

SECTION 25-1 REVIEW STRUCTURE. 1. The diameter of viruses ranges from about a. 1 to 2 nm. b. 20 to 250 nm. c. 1 to 2 µm. d. 20 to 250 µm.

SECTION 25-1 REVIEW STRUCTURE. 1. The diameter of viruses ranges from about a. 1 to 2 nm. b. 20 to 250 nm. c. 1 to 2 µm. d. 20 to 250 µm. SECTION 25-1 REVIEW STRUCTURE VOCABULARY REVIEW Define the following terms. 1. virus 2. capsid 3. retrovirus 4. viroid 5. prion MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank. 1. The diameter of

More information

Lab Tuesday: Virus Diseases

Lab Tuesday: Virus Diseases Lab Tuesday: Virus Diseases Quiz for Bacterial Pathogens lab (pp 69-75) and Biocontrol of Crown Gall (p. 115-119), Observation of Viral Movement in Plants (p. 121), and Intro section for Viruses (pp. 77-79).

More information

Basic Properties of Viruses and Virus Cell Interaction

Basic Properties of Viruses and Virus Cell Interaction WBV5 6/27/03 10:28 PM Page 49 Basic Properties of Viruses and Virus Cell Interaction II PART VIRUS STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES THE BEGINNING AND END OF THE VIRUS REPLICATION CYCLE

More information

Viral structure م.م رنا مشعل

Viral structure م.م رنا مشعل Viral structure م.م رنا مشعل Viruses must reproduce (replicate) within cells, because they cannot generate energy or synthesize proteins. Because they can reproduce only within cells, viruses are obligate

More information

2) What is the difference between a non-enveloped virion and an enveloped virion? (4 pts)

2) What is the difference between a non-enveloped virion and an enveloped virion? (4 pts) Micro 260 SFCC Spring 2010 Name: All diagrams and drawings shall be hand drawn (do not photo-copied from a publication then cut and pasted into work sheet). Do not copy other student s answers. Para phase

More information

Chapter 19: Viruses. 1. Viral Structure & Reproduction. What exactly is a Virus? 11/7/ Viral Structure & Reproduction. 2.

Chapter 19: Viruses. 1. Viral Structure & Reproduction. What exactly is a Virus? 11/7/ Viral Structure & Reproduction. 2. Chapter 19: Viruses 1. Viral Structure & Reproduction 2. Bacteriophages 3. Animal Viruses 4. Viroids & Prions 1. Viral Structure & Reproduction Chapter Reading pp. 393-396 What exactly is a Virus? Viruses

More information

19 2 Viruses Slide 1 of 34

19 2 Viruses Slide 1 of 34 1 of 34 What Is a Virus? What Is a Virus? Viruses are particles of nucleic acid, protein, and in some cases, lipids. Viruses can reproduce only by infecting living cells. 2 of 34 What Is a Virus? Viruses

More information

Viruses. CLS 212: Medical Microbiology Miss Zeina Alkudmani

Viruses. CLS 212: Medical Microbiology Miss Zeina Alkudmani Viruses CLS 212: Medical Microbiology Miss Zeina Alkudmani History Through the 1800s, many scientists discovered that something smaller than bacteria could cause disease and they called it virion (Latin

More information

Purpose: To describe the characteristics of viruses and how they infect a host cell.

Purpose: To describe the characteristics of viruses and how they infect a host cell. Intro to Viruses Group Worksheet Name: Per: # Purpose: To describe the characteristics of viruses and how they infect a host cell. Directions: Discuss the following questions as a group and use the resources

More information

Viruses. Picture from:

Viruses. Picture from: Viruses Understand the structure of bacteriophages & human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Appreciate that viruses replicate in host cells (thereby destroying them) Picture from: http://eands.caltech.edu/articles/lxvii1/viruses.html

More information

Bacteriophage Reproduction

Bacteriophage Reproduction Bacteriophage Reproduction Lytic and Lysogenic Cycles The following information is taken from: http://student.ccbcmd.edu/courses/bio141/lecguide/unit3/index.html#charvir Bacteriophage Structure More complex

More information

Nucleic acid: singled stranded, double stranded, RNA, or DNA, linear or circular. Capsid: protein coat that is most of the mass of the virus.

Nucleic acid: singled stranded, double stranded, RNA, or DNA, linear or circular. Capsid: protein coat that is most of the mass of the virus. Viruses General Characteristics of Viruses 1. Depending on view may be regarded as exceptionally complex aggregates of nonliving chemicals or as exceptionally simple living microbes. 2. Contain a single

More information

Viral Genetics. BIT 220 Chapter 16

Viral Genetics. BIT 220 Chapter 16 Viral Genetics BIT 220 Chapter 16 Details of the Virus Classified According to a. DNA or RNA b. Enveloped or Non-Enveloped c. Single-stranded or double-stranded Viruses contain only a few genes Reverse

More information

Virus and Prokaryotic Gene Regulation - 1

Virus and Prokaryotic Gene Regulation - 1 Virus and Prokaryotic Gene Regulation - 1 We have discussed the molecular structure of DNA and its function in DNA duplication and in transcription and protein synthesis. We now turn to how cells regulate

More information

Viruses 101., and concluded that living organisms do not crystallize. In other words,.

Viruses 101., and concluded that living organisms do not crystallize. In other words,. Viruses 101 In 1897, Dutch scientist called tiny particles in the liquid extracted from a plant disease, which is the Latin word for. In 1935, American biochemist isolated crystals of, and concluded that

More information

Viruses Tomasz Kordula, Ph.D.

Viruses Tomasz Kordula, Ph.D. Viruses Tomasz Kordula, Ph.D. Resources: Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, pp. 295, 1330, 1431 1433; Lehninger CD Movie A0002201. Learning Objectives: 1. Understand parasitic life cycle of

More information

19 Viruses BIOLOGY. Outline. Structural Features and Characteristics. The Good the Bad and the Ugly. Structural Features and Characteristics

19 Viruses BIOLOGY. Outline. Structural Features and Characteristics. The Good the Bad and the Ugly. Structural Features and Characteristics 9 Viruses CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Outline I. Viruses A. Structure of viruses B. Common Characteristics of Viruses C. Viral replication D. HIV Lecture Presentation

More information

Viruses defined acellular organisms genomes nucleic acid replicate inside host cells host metabolic machinery ribosomes

Viruses defined acellular organisms genomes nucleic acid replicate inside host cells host metabolic machinery ribosomes The Viruses Viruses Viruses may be defined as acellular organisms whose genomes consist of nucleic acid, obligately replicate inside host cells using host metabolic machinery and ribosomes to form a pool

More information

Transcription and RNA processing

Transcription and RNA processing Transcription and RNA processing Lecture 7 Biology W3310/4310 Virology Spring 2016 It is possible that Nature invented DNA for the purpose of achieving regulation at the transcriptional rather than at

More information

Viruses. Objectives At the end of this sub section students should be able to:

Viruses. Objectives At the end of this sub section students should be able to: Name: 3.5 Responses to Stimuli Objectives At the end of this sub section students should be able to: 3.5.4 Viruses 1. Explain the problem of defining what a virus is - living or non-living? 2. show you

More information

Introductory Virology. Ibrahim Jamfaru School of Medicine UHAS

Introductory Virology. Ibrahim Jamfaru School of Medicine UHAS Introductory Virology Ibrahim Jamfaru School of Medicine UHAS Lecture outline Definition of viruses and general characteristics Structure of virus (virion) Chemical composition of viruses Virus morphology

More information

MONTGOMERY COUNTY COMMUNITY COLLEGE CHAPTER 13: VIRUSES. 1. Obligate intracellular parasites that multiply in living host cells

MONTGOMERY COUNTY COMMUNITY COLLEGE CHAPTER 13: VIRUSES. 1. Obligate intracellular parasites that multiply in living host cells MONTGOMERY COUNTY COMMUNITY COLLEGE CHAPTER 13: VIRUSES I. CHARACTERISTICS OF VIRUSES A. General Characteristics 1. Obligate intracellular parasites that multiply in living host cells 2. Contain a single

More information

علم األحياء الدقيقة Microbiology Introduction to Virology & Immunology

علم األحياء الدقيقة Microbiology Introduction to Virology & Immunology علم األحياء الدقيقة Microbiology Introduction to Virology & Immunology What is a virus? Viruses may be defined as acellular organisms whose genomes consist of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA), and which obligatory

More information

Human Genome Complexity, Viruses & Genetic Variability

Human Genome Complexity, Viruses & Genetic Variability Human Genome Complexity, Viruses & Genetic Variability (Learning Objectives) Learn the types of DNA sequences present in the Human Genome other than genes coding for functional proteins. Review what you

More information

number Done by Corrected by Doctor Ashraf

number Done by Corrected by Doctor Ashraf number 4 Done by Nedaa Bani Ata Corrected by Rama Nada Doctor Ashraf Genome replication and gene expression Remember the steps of viral replication from the last lecture: Attachment, Adsorption, Penetration,

More information

Lecture 5 (Ch6) - Viruses. Virus Characteristics. Viral Host Range

Lecture 5 (Ch6) - Viruses. Virus Characteristics. Viral Host Range Lecture 5 (Ch6) - Viruses Topics Characteristics Structure/Classification Multiplication Cultivation and replication Non-viral infectious agents Treatment 1 Virus Characteristics obligate intracellular

More information

Chapter 39 Viruses. Viruses are tiny. They are much smaller (50 times) than a bacterium.

Chapter 39 Viruses. Viruses are tiny. They are much smaller (50 times) than a bacterium. Chapter 39 Viruses Viruses are tiny. They are much smaller (50 times) than a bacterium. They are not made of cellsand cannot reproduceon their own. Therefore they are not alive according to our rules.

More information

Part I. Content: History of Viruses. General properties of viruses. Viral structure. Viral classifications. Virus-like agents.

Part I. Content: History of Viruses. General properties of viruses. Viral structure. Viral classifications. Virus-like agents. Viruses Part I Content: History of Viruses. General properties of viruses. Viral structure. Viral classifications. Virus-like agents. History Through the 1800s, many scientists discovered that something

More information

Picornaviruses. Virion. Genome. Genes and proteins. Viruses and hosts. Diseases. Distinctive characteristics

Picornaviruses. Virion. Genome. Genes and proteins. Viruses and hosts. Diseases. Distinctive characteristics Picornaviruses Virion Genome Genes and proteins Viruses and hosts Diseases Distinctive characteristics Virion Naked icosahedral capsid (T=1) Diameter of 30 nm Genome Linear single-stranded RNA, positive

More information

Virology Introduction. Definitions. Introduction. Structure of virus. Virus transmission. Classification of virus. DNA Virus. RNA Virus. Treatment.

Virology Introduction. Definitions. Introduction. Structure of virus. Virus transmission. Classification of virus. DNA Virus. RNA Virus. Treatment. DEVH Virology Introduction Definitions. Introduction. Structure of virus. Virus transmission. Classification of virus. DNA Virus. RNA Virus. Treatment. Definitions Virology: The science which study the

More information

Antiviral Drugs Lecture 5

Antiviral Drugs Lecture 5 Antiviral Drugs Lecture 5 Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (MLAB 366) 1 Dr. Mohamed A. El-Sakhawy 2 Introduction Viruses are microscopic organisms that can infect all living cells. They are parasitic and multiply

More information

Virology. *Viruses can be only observed by electron microscope never by light microscope. The size of the virus: nm in diameter.

Virology. *Viruses can be only observed by electron microscope never by light microscope. The size of the virus: nm in diameter. Virology We are going to start with general introduction about viruses, they are everywhere around us; in food; within the environment; in direct contact to etc.. They may cause viral infection by itself

More information

Introduction to Virology. Landmarks in Virology

Introduction to Virology. Landmarks in Virology Introduction to Virology Scott M. Hammer, M.D. Landmarks in Virology Introduction of concept of filterable agents for plant pathogens (Mayer, Ivanofsky, Beijerinck in late 1880 s) First filterable agent

More information

Viruses. Properties. Some viruses contain other ingredients (e.g., lipids, carbohydrates), but these are derived from their host cells.

Viruses. Properties. Some viruses contain other ingredients (e.g., lipids, carbohydrates), but these are derived from their host cells. Viruses Properties They are obligate intracellular parasites. Probably there are no cells in nature that escape infection by one or more kinds of viruses. (Viruses that infect bacteria are called bacteriophages.)

More information

Primary Isolation and Cultivation of Viruses

Primary Isolation and Cultivation of Viruses Primary Isolation and Cultivation of Viruses Practical Medical Virology 450 MBIO 2017-18 01/10/2017 Amal Alghamdi Reham Alahmadi Dalia Alsrar 1 Diagnostic Virology Virus Isolation and Cultivation Viral

More information

Viruses and Prions (Chapter 13) Lecture Materials for Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. Suffolk County Community College Eastern Campus

Viruses and Prions (Chapter 13) Lecture Materials for Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. Suffolk County Community College Eastern Campus Viruses and Prions (Chapter 13) Lecture Materials for Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. Suffolk County Community College Eastern Campus Primary Source for figures and content: Tortora, G.J. Microbiology An Introduction

More information

Lecture Guide Viruses (CH13)

Lecture Guide Viruses (CH13) Lecture Guide Viruses (CH13) This chapter is on the general characteristics of viruses and focuses on both bacterial and animal viruses and their life cycles. Let s start with a quick look at the history

More information

11/15/2011. Outline. Structural Features and Characteristics. The Good the Bad and the Ugly. Viral Genomes. Structural Features and Characteristics

11/15/2011. Outline. Structural Features and Characteristics. The Good the Bad and the Ugly. Viral Genomes. Structural Features and Characteristics Chapter 19 - Viruses Outline I. Viruses A. Structure of viruses B. Common Characteristics of Viruses C. Viral replication D. HIV II. Prions The Good the Bad and the Ugly Viruses fit into the bad category

More information

STRUCTURE, GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS AND REPRODUCTION OF VIRUSES

STRUCTURE, GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS AND REPRODUCTION OF VIRUSES STRUCTURE, GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS AND REPRODUCTION OF VIRUSES Introduction Viruses are noncellular genetic elements that use a living cell for their replication and have an extracellular state. Viruses

More information

Revisiting the Definition of Living Thing

Revisiting the Definition of Living Thing Biology of Viruses (Ch 0 p77 and 88-9) What do you already know about viruses? Revisiting the Definition of Living Thing How did we define a living thing? H0 DOMAIN ARCHAEA virus So, if the Cell Theory

More information

Transcription and RNA processing

Transcription and RNA processing Transcription and RNA processing Lecture 7 Biology 3310/4310 Virology Spring 2018 It is possible that Nature invented DNA for the purpose of achieving regulation at the transcriptional rather than at the

More information

Dr. Ahmed K. Ali Attachment and entry of viruses into cells

Dr. Ahmed K. Ali Attachment and entry of viruses into cells Lec. 6 Dr. Ahmed K. Ali Attachment and entry of viruses into cells The aim of a virus is to replicate itself, and in order to achieve this aim it needs to enter a host cell, make copies of itself and

More information

Study Guide 23, 24 & 47

Study Guide 23, 24 & 47 Study Guide 23, 24 & 47 STUDY GUIDE SECTION 23-3 Bacteria and Humans Name Period Date 1. One bacterial disease that is transmitted by contaminated drinking water is a. Lyme disease b. gonorrhea c. tuberculosis

More information

The Biology of Viruses MMI / Biochem 575 SPRING 2015

The Biology of Viruses MMI / Biochem 575 SPRING 2015 The Biology of Viruses MMI / Biochem 575 SPRING 2015 INSTRUCTORS: Professor Paul Friesen Professor Andrew Mehle INTRODUCTION: The goal of Biology of Viruses (MMI/Biochem 575) is to introduce upper-level

More information

BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY: VIRUSES

BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY: VIRUSES BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY: VIRUSES Viruses: a Group of Intracellular Parasites In the 19th century, many rabies cases plagued Europe. In London, for example, 29 deaths by "hydrophobia" were enumerated in the

More information

Julianne Edwards. Retroviruses. Spring 2010

Julianne Edwards. Retroviruses. Spring 2010 Retroviruses Spring 2010 A retrovirus can simply be referred to as an infectious particle which replicates backwards even though there are many different types of retroviruses. More specifically, a retrovirus

More information

Chapter13 Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Chapter13 Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions Chapter13 Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions 11/20/2017 MDufilho 1 Characteristics of Viruses Viruses Minuscule, acellular, infectious agent having either DNA or RNA Cause infections

More information

Wednesday, October 19, 16. Viruses

Wednesday, October 19, 16. Viruses Viruses Image of an animal cell More realistic size of a virus compared to an animal cell Cells can fulfill all characteristics of life Viruses on their own can be considered lifeless chemicals, unless?

More information

2.1 VIRUSES. 2.1 Learning Goals

2.1 VIRUSES. 2.1 Learning Goals 2.1 VIRUSES 2.1 Learning Goals To understand the structure, function, and how Viruses replicate To understand the difference between Viruses to Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes; namely that viruses are not classified

More information

VIRUSES. Biology Applications Control. David R. Harper. Garland Science Taylor & Francis Group NEW YORK AND LONDON

VIRUSES. Biology Applications Control. David R. Harper. Garland Science Taylor & Francis Group NEW YORK AND LONDON VIRUSES Biology Applications Control David R. Harper GS Garland Science Taylor & Francis Group NEW YORK AND LONDON vii Chapter 1 Virus Structure and 2.2 VIRUS MORPHOLOGY 26 Infection 1 2.3 VIRAL CLASSIFICATION

More information

History electron microscopes

History electron microscopes Viruses History Through the 1800s, many scientists discovered that something smaller than bacteria could cause disease and they called it virion (Latin word- poison) In the 1930s, after the invention of

More information

Chapter 21: Prokaryotes & Viruses

Chapter 21: Prokaryotes & Viruses Chapter 21: Prokaryotes & Viruses Microorganisms Single-celled organisms that are too small to be seen without a microscope Bacteria are the smallest living organisms Viruses are smaller but are not alive

More information

Hands-on Activity Viral DNA Integration. Educator Materials

Hands-on Activity Viral DNA Integration. Educator Materials OVERVIEW This activity is part of a series of activities and demonstrations focusing on various aspects of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) life cycle. HIV is a retrovirus. Retroviruses are distinguished

More information

Proteins and symmetry

Proteins and symmetry Proteins and symmetry Viruses (symmetry) Viruses come in many shapes, sizes and compositions All carry genomic nucleic acid (RNA or DNA) Structurally and genetically the simplest are the spherical viruses

More information

BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY: VIRUSES

BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY: VIRUSES BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY: VIRUSES Viruses: a Group of Intracellular Parasites In the 19th century, many rabies cases plagued Europe. In London, for example, 29 deaths by "hydrophobia" were enumerated in the

More information

Genomes and Genetics

Genomes and Genetics Genomes and Genetics Lecture 3 Biology W3310/4310 Virology Spring 2016...everywhere an interplay between nucleic acids and proteins; a spinning wheel in which the thread makes the spindle and the spindle

More information

Date. Student Name. Prompt: This passage is called Characteristics of Viruses. It is about viruses.

Date. Student Name. Prompt: This passage is called Characteristics of Viruses. It is about viruses. Student Name Characteristics of Viruses--Part I Level High School - Science Date _ Prompt: This passage is called Characteristics of Viruses. It is about viruses. Similarities and Differences Between Viruses

More information

Intro II - Viral Replication. All living things survive in a sea of viruses

Intro II - Viral Replication. All living things survive in a sea of viruses Intro II - Viral Replication Prof. Vincent Racaniello Department of Microbiology Office: HHSC 1310B vrr1@columbia.edu All living things survive in a sea of viruses We eat and breathe billions of them regularly

More information