CSA Z Selection, Use and Care of Respirators. 1 3M 2012 All Rights Reserved.

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2 Stacy Richardson, IHT, CRSP Technical Service Specialist 3M Canada Company Occupational Health & Safety Division This summary was prepared by the 3M Canada Occupational Health and Environmental Safety Division. It does not in any way represent an official, legal nor complete interpretations of the referenced standard and there is no representation, warranty, guarantee or other obligation of 3M Canada Company or its employees arising out of its contents. Should specific questions arise, the standard itself should be reviewed and relied upon, and legal counsel consulted where appropriate, rather than relying upon this summary. 2

3 Canadian Overview Key Changes Agenda Change-out procedures no longer allows for use of warning properties New APFs Control Banding Method for bioaerosols without OELs Training Updates New Appendices: Fit Test Competency Facial Hair Questions 3

4 APFs Respiratory Regulation February 2012 Fed - CSA 1982 CSA/Z94.4 BC Z /02 CSA-02 Z None None CSA-02 Z NIOSH None (Z *) CSA-93 or ANSI Z NB PEI NL NS * In guidance document CSA-93/ Z CSA/ Z94.4 CSA-93/ Z

6 Change-out Procedures, Schedules and Service Time Section 10 Use of Respirators Qualified person shall establish a change-out schedule before their useful service life is ended. Odour and warning properties of the contaminant SHALL not be relied upon for cartridge/canister change out. Options End of service life indicators Maximum use time Breathing resistance as appropriate (filters) Change out schedule calculated by a qualified person using the manufacturers product information. 6 Qualified Person an individual who possess the knowledge, experience, And training to fullfill the competencies of the role(s) defined in the standard

7 Change-out Procedures, Schedules and Service Time So what does this mean? Workplaces must understand concentrations, through air sampling. May create more cost for end user End user may end up using more or less cartridges. 7

8 Assigned Protection Factors (APFs) New APFS Alignment with OSHA APFs introduced in the US in November Note: some differences with OSHA as they pertain to the fit test method 8

9 Assigned Protection Factors Respirator Type CSA NIOSH OSHA CSA Z Selection Logic OSHA Nov Z CFR (Proposed Draft) Air Purifying Half Facepiece Full Facepiece 100 (QLFT 10) 10 1 / (QLFT 10) Powered Air Purifying Loose-fitting facepiece Half facepiece Full facepiece Helmet or hood / / Air Line Continuous Flow Supplied Air Loose fitting facepiece Half facepiece Full facepiece Helmet or hood / / Air Line Pressure Demand Half facepiece Full facepiece SCBA Full facepiece SCBA tight fitting hood APF of 10 with full facepiece respirators equipped with N/R/P 95 or 99 class filters. 2 APF of 50 with a full facepiece equipped with a class 100 filter. Full facepiece with gas/vapour cartridge and/or equipped with a 100 class pre-filter. 3 Manufacturer must demonstrate APF of Must be QNFT

10 Respirator Selection Hazard Assessment OEL & Sampling Data Bioaerosol with no OEL Hazard Ratio APFs Control Banding Method APFs Respirator Selection

11 Bioaerosol Definition: liquid droplet (generated for example by coughing, sneezing or a medical procedure such as bronchoscopy) or a solid particle (generated for example by sweeping, shovelling) suspended in the air. Bioaerosols include living or dead microorganisms, fragments, toxins, and particulate waste products from all varieties of living things. They are capable of causing infection, adverse or allergic response. Note: Individual bioaerosols range in size from submicroscopic particles (<0.01 µm) to particles greater than 100 µm in diameter. 11

12 Control Banding Approach Control Banding Approach Control Banding was developed in Great Britain to implement safe and realistic means of control where quantitative risk information was limited. Control Banding is a generic technique used to guide the assessment and management of workplace risks. The general procedure is to derive an appropriate level of respiratory protection by combining ranges or bands representing: Risk Group - (nature of the hazard and availability of treatment) Generation Rate (from human release, activities, or equipment) Control Level (e.g., ventilation). 12

13 Control Banding Approach The appropriate workplace environment shall be selected in accordance with Figure 2 for a health care facility when exposure is related to infectious bioaerosols that are communicable between humans; or Figure 3 for general workplace environments [including all settings not defined in item (a)] for all bioaerosols 13

14 Health Care Facilities A facility designed for the provision of health care. The health care figure shall be used when exposure is related to infectious bioaerosols that are communicable* between humans e.g. mycobacterium tuberculosis, influenza or varicella Note: Refer to Annex N: Additional guidance for qualified persons on respirator selection in health care environments *Communicable ~ Contagious 14

Not associate with disease: or serious adverse health effects Rarely serious, prevention/therapy available Serious/lethal, prevention/therapy possible Serious/lethal, prevention/therapy not readily

15 Not associate with disease: or serious adverse health effects Rarely serious, prevention/therapy available Serious/lethal, prevention/therapy possible Serious/lethal, prevention/therapy not readily available Risk Group R1 R2 R3 R4 Control Banding Approach for Bioaerosols in a Health Care Facilities Generation Rate Patient not coughing or sneezing Patient coughing or sneezing with mouth covered Patient coughing or sneezing with mouth uncovered Aerosol-generating procedure G1 G2 G3 G4 Control Level Poorly ventilated, < 3 ACH Corridor/patient room, 3-6 ACH C1 C2 Negative pressure, laboratory, autopsy, >6-12 ACH Surgery, >12 ACH C3 C4

16 Health Care Facility: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (TB) Exposure A RN is caring for a patient with pulmonary mycobacterium tuberculosis. The patient has a uncovered productive cough and is currently in airborne isolation in a negative-pressure room. Step 1 Identify the bioaerosol Mycobacterium tuberculosis Step 2 Transmission of disease, infection or adverse effects produced from inhalation of bioaerosol Yes, pulmonary mycobacterium tuberculosis Step 3 Select applicable control banding wheel Health Care Facility Hazard Assessment will identify the bioaerosol. This is the responsibility of the workplace

17 Health Care Facility: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) Exposure Step 4 Determine the bioaerosol risk group(r1-r4) R3: Agents associated with serious human disease or adverse health effect for which preventative therapy might be available Risk Group 3 (R3) Bacterial Agents Including Rickettsia Bartonella Brucella including B. abortus, B. canis, B. suis Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) mallei, B. pseudomallei Coxiella burnetii Francisella tularensis Mycobacterium bovis (except BCG strain, see Risk Group 2 (R2) Bacterial Agents Including Chlamydia), M. tuberculosis Pasteurella multocida type B buffalo and other virulent strains Rickettsia akari, R. australis, R. canada, R. conorii, R. prowazekii, R. rickettsii, R, siberica, R. Risk Group Not associate with disease: or serious adverse health effects Rarely serious, prevention/therapy available Serious/lethal, prevention/therapy possible Serious/lethal, prevention/therapy not readily available R1 R2 R3 R4

18 Health Care Facility: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) Exposure Step 5 Determine the generation rate (G1- G4) G3: Patient coughing or sneezing with mouth uncovered Generation Rate Patient not coughing or sneezing Patient coughing or sneezing with mouth covered Patient coughing or sneezing with mouth uncovered Aerosol-generating procedure G1 G2 G3 G4 3M All Rights Reserved.

19 Health Care Facility: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) Exposure Step 6 Determine the control level (C- C4) C3: Negative pressure room with 6-12 ACH Control Level Poorly ventilated, < 3 ACH Corridor/patient room, 3-6 ACH Negative pressure, laboratory, autopsy, >6-12 ACH Surgery, >12 ACH C1 C2 C3 C4 3M All Rights Reserved.

Control Banding Approach for Bioaerosols in a Health Care Facilities Risk Group Not associate with disease: or serious adverse health effects Rarely serious, prevention/therapy available

21 Control Banding Approach for Bioaerosols in a Health Care Facilities Risk Group Not associate with disease: or serious adverse health effects Rarely serious, prevention/therapy available Serious/lethal, prevention/therapy possible Serious/lethal, prevention/therapy not readily available R1 R2 R3 R4 Generation Rate Patient not coughing or sneezing Patient coughing or sneezing with mouth covered Patient coughing or sneezing with mouth uncovered Aerosol-generating procedure G1 G2 G3 G4 Control Level Poorly ventilated, < 3 ACH Corridor/patient room, 3-6 ACH Negative pressure, laboratory, autopsy, >6-12 ACH Surgery, >12 ACH C1 C2 C3 C4

22 Hierarchy of Respiratory Protection Figure 4

23 Respirator Selection for TB Exposure Summary R3, G3, C3 = Green/No. 1. Green/No. 1 = APF 10 Air-purifying (negative-pressure) half-facepiece 23 23

24 General Workplace Environments The general workplace figure shall be used for all environments/settings not defined for a health care facility E.g. Mold in the workplace, hantavirus in a maintenance shed Refer to Annex K for workplace scenario examples 24 24

Control Banding Approach for Bioaerosols in General Workplace Environment Risk Group Not associate with disease: or serious adverse health effects Rarely serious, prevention/therapy available

25 Control Banding Approach for Bioaerosols in General Workplace Environment Risk Group Not associate with disease: or serious adverse health effects Rarely serious, prevention/therapy available Serious/lethal, prevention/therapy possible Serious/lethal, prevention/therapy not readily available R1 R2 R3 R4 Generation Rate Low release of bioaerosol/pathogen Medium release of bioaerosol/pathogen G1 G2 High release of bioaerosol/pathogen Very high release of bioaerosol G3 G4 Indoor poorly ventilated (ACH <1) Indoor - Ventilation 1 < ACH < 4 Outdoor no wind Indoor Ventilation 4 < ACH < 6 Outdoor low wind Indoor Ventilation ACH >6 Outdoor moderate wind Control Level C1 C2 C3 C4

26 General Workplace: Histoplasmosis A worker is directed to go into a warehouse that has been occupied by pigeons for many years. Piles of pigeon excrement about a metre deep are found under roosting locations. The cleanup will be done indoors with no additional ventilation. Step 1 Step 2 Identify the bioaerosol Histoplasma capsulatum Transmission of disease, infection or adverse effects produced from inhalation of bioaerosol Yes, histoplasmosis Step 3 Select applicable control banding wheel General Workplace Environment Hazard Assessment will identify the bioaerosol. This is the responsibility of the workplace 26

27 General Workplace: Histoplasmosis Step 4 Determine the bioaerosol risk group(r1-r4) R3: Agents associated with serious human disease or adverse health effect for which preventative therapy might be available Risk Group 3 (R3) Fungal Agents Coccidioides immitis (sporulating cultures; contaminated soil) Histoplasma capsulatum, H. capsulatum var.. duboisii Risk Group Not associate with disease: or serious adverse health effects Rarely serious, prevention/therapy available Serious/lethal, prevention/therapy possible Serious/lethal, prevention/therapy not readily available R1 R2 R3 R4 27

28 General Workplace: Histoplasmosis Step 5 Determine the generation rate (G1- G4) G3: Misting then shoveling Generation Rate Low release of bioaerosol/pathogen Medium release of bioaerosol/pathogen High release of bioaerosol/pathogen Very high release of bioaerosol G1 G2 G3 G4 28

29 General Workplace: Histoplasmosis Step 6 Determine the control level (C- C4) C1: Indoor, Poorly ventilated ACH < 1 Control Level Indoor poorly ventilated (ACH <1) Indoor - Ventilation 1 < ACH < 4 Outdoor no wind Indoor Ventilation 4 < ACH < 6 Outdoor low wind Indoor Ventilation ACH >6 Outdoor moderate wind C1 C2 C3 C4

of bioaerosol/pathogen Medium release of bioaerosol/pathogen High release of bioaerosol/pathogen Very high release of bioaerosol G1 G2 G3 G4 Indoor poorly ventilated

31 Control Banding Approach for Bioaerosols in General Workplace Environment Risk Group Not associate with disease: or serious adverse health effects Rarely serious, prevention/therapy available Serious/lethal, prevention/therapy possible Serious/lethal, prevention/therapy not readily available R1 R2 R3 R4 Generation Rate Low release of bioaerosol/pathogen Medium release of bioaerosol/pathogen High release of bioaerosol/pathogen Very high release of bioaerosol G1 G2 G3 G4 Indoor poorly ventilated (ACH <1) Indoor - Ventilation 1 < ACH < 4 Outdoor no wind Indoor Ventilation 4 < ACH < 6 Outdoor low wind Indoor Ventilation ACH >6 Outdoor moderate wind Control Level C1 C2 C3 C4

32 32 Hierarchy of Respiratory Protection Figure 4

33 Respirator Selection for TB Exposure Summary R3, G3, C1 = Orange/No. 3. Orange No.3 = APF 50 Option - Air-purifying (negative-pressure) full-facepiece 33 33

34 Training Updates Fit testing requirements have increased Uses language like competency is required Verifying users ability to obtain an effective seal, comfort and fit Manage overall fit testing process Interpret results Specific statement on refresher training has been replaced with the following... The employer shall provide additional training for the respirator user or other individual assigned to one or more roles in the respiratory protection program where (a) review cannot confirm that the individual remains qualified; 34

35 Fit Testing and Training Updates QLFT 7 exercises; same as QNFT 6 th bending over if space permits Must sanitize fit testing hoods between fit tests Facial hair (section ) Reaffirms that individuals must present themselves for fit testing free from interference of hair where the respirator seals to the skin of the face or neck States that for many individuals this requires being clean-shaven within the previous 24 or preferably 12h to ensure a clean seal. No mention of frequency of training for fit testers in the new standard 35 Note: Respiratory program to be reviewed on annual basis

36 New Appendix J Fit Testing Competency Check List Nine sections Knowledge of respirator protection & fit testing fundamentals Respiratory protection requirements Respirators identified in the RPP Knowledge of pre-use requirements for the selected respirators Verification of user s competency Organization of fit testing workspace, equipment and activity Operation & practical aspects of fit testing equipment being used Ability to use respirators and fit testing equipment Ability to conduct respirator fit tests 36

37 New Appendix J Fit Testing Competency Check List

38 New Appendix M Illustrations of Facial Hair Acceptable Unacceptable 38

39 Please contact: Questions Stacy Richardson: ext Bev Borst: ext M Canada Service Centre and Technical Support OH&ES

Stephen R. Larson Inhaled Particles XII Sept

Proposed Method to Assign Respirators to Workers Exposed to Airborne Biological Contaminants at Human, Animal and Plant Waste Operations Stephen R. Larson Inhaled Particles XII Sept. 25-27 2017 What are